US2234694A - Stencil sheet and process for forming the same - Google Patents
Stencil sheet and process for forming the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2234694A US2234694A US315224A US31522440A US2234694A US 2234694 A US2234694 A US 2234694A US 315224 A US315224 A US 315224A US 31522440 A US31522440 A US 31522440A US 2234694 A US2234694 A US 2234694A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- stencil
- acid
- stencil sheet
- cellulose
- anhydride
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 16
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 18
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 14
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 8
- FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N [(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-2-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-trinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-dinitrooxy-6-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] nitrate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O1)O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+](=O)[O-])[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 229940079938 nitrocellulose Drugs 0.000 description 8
- OCNZHGHKKQOQCZ-CLFAGFIQSA-N [(z)-octadec-9-enoyl] (z)-octadec-9-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC OCNZHGHKKQOQCZ-CLFAGFIQSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 6
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- -1 impregnating an open Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000005456 glyceride group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJEYSFABYSGQBG-UHFFFAOYSA-M Patent blue Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C1C(C=1C(=CC(=CC=1)S([O-])(=O)=O)S([O-])(=O)=O)=C1C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C1 SJEYSFABYSGQBG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000980 acid dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940072049 amyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PGMYKACGEOXYJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous amyl acetate Natural products CCCCCOC(C)=O PGMYKACGEOXYJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940040526 anhydrous sodium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000981 basic dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012024 dehydrating agents Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003292 diminished effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003467 diminishing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZOOODBUHSVUZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxymethanedithioic acid Chemical compound CCOC(S)=S ZOOODBUHSVUZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000033458 reproduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012991 xanthate Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41N—PRINTING PLATES OR FOILS; MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE AND CONSERVING THEM
- B41N1/00—Printing plates or foils; Materials therefor
- B41N1/24—Stencils; Stencil materials; Carriers therefor
- B41N1/243—Stencils; Stencil materials; Carriers therefor characterised by the ink pervious sheet, e.g. yoshino paper
Definitions
- My invention relates to permeable sheets so prepared as to be impervious to ink until pressure has been applied by meansof raised characters such as the type of a writing machine or by means of a stylus, such part of the sheet thereby becoming pervious and so altered that ink will pass.
- My invention may be used in place of and is an improvement over those stencil papers such as wax and others which are easily ruptured in the typing process and which must be carefully handied to avoid injury to the coating. It is also an improvementover that class of stencil sheets requiring the application of moisture previous to l5 typing, in that'while possessing to a marked degree the durability and toughness of such stencil sheets and capable of reproducing a large number of copies it does not require the application of moisture.
- my new stencil sheet possesses great chemical and mechanical stability. Also it's freedom from grease and oil is advantageous in that the stencil sheet does not soil the feed rolls of the writing machine nor the backing sheets or other papers which may be packed with it in cartons. Suitably packed in cartons it will remain usable for long periods of time. In the typing process it also possesses the added improvement over other dry stencils'in that it does not clog so the type of the writing machine with extractive matter from the substance of the coating.
- the object of my invention therefore is the productibn of an improved stencil sheet which shall be tough and durable, which may be typed in a writing machine, will afl'ord a large number of reproductions and will not deteriorate from long usage.
- a further object is that the stencil sheet shall be proof against ink, this latter quality not being possessed by some of the stencil sheets 40 now sold in the market.
- My stencil sheet may be cleansed from ink and kept for reprinting without deterioration.
- Anhydrides of the formula (R20) are obtained, 15 the molecule of the acid or acid containing substance such as glycerides being doubled if necessary.
- Acetic anhydride is used in molecular proportions (although other dehydrating agents may be used) for the removal of the hydroxyl of the 20 acid, and with an excess of about 10% where glycerides are used.
- the mix is then left to stand at about 10oF for three or fourhours. or until the complete separation of the liquids has occurred.
- the aqueous liquid is then drain of! and the anhy- 55 dride is ready for use.
- the mix may be separated by means of suitable centrifugal separation if desired.
- a suitable coloring material may be added if a colored sheet is desired.
- Basic or acid dyes or pigments may be used for the purpose.
- the fluidity of the solution may be increased or diminished by increasing or diminishing the solvents.
- the solution should be fluid enough to easily penetrate the paper.
- Sheets of Japanese yoshino paper are then impregnated by drawing over the surface of the solution, the surplus being removed by a scraper, and suspended" to dry, On evaporation of the solvents the film sets to a homogeneous compound in a few minutes, the sheets then being ready for use.
- proportions of materials stated in the solutions may be varied within reasonable limits for the adjustment of the coating it being understood that the proportions of anhydride and cellulose ester are fixed substances that remain in the film to compose the coating of the stencil sheet. Less anhydride for example will make a harder film and more a softer film. So that I do not bind myself to these stated proportions of solvents or other substances, it being understood that my process practically considered consists of these substances or their equivalents for the purpose of a coating of predetermined character, solvent enough being used to give neceswithout regard to the process of manufacture.
- I may use other catalysts such as an acid, metallic salt, an oxide or finely divided metal or a catalyst of any kind capable of maintaining the reaction.
- I may also use other esters of cellulose as the acetate or xanthate with suitable solvents.
- the invention of the .stencil sheet is not limited to the details as above described but that it comprehends broadly a stencil sheet adapted to be converted into a stenbeing essentially a fibrous base provided with a coating which includes suitable anhydrides of the higher fatty acids or their equivalents, this being so modified as to make it substantially stable for the purpose designed and responsive to pressure for the purpose stated such being the production of stencil openings of character suitable for the passage gf ink.
- a stencil blank convertible into a stencil by impact of type and the like thereon, comprising open, fibrous material impregnated with an ester of cellulose and a higher fatty acid anhydride.
- a stencil blank convertible into a stencil by impact of type and the like thereon, comprising open, fibrous material impregnated with an ester of cellulose, a higher fatty acid anhydride and a suitable polyhydric alcohol.
- a stencil blank convertible into a stencil by impact of type and the like thereon, comprising open, fibrous material impregnated with an ester of cellulose and oleic anhydride.
- a stencil blank convertible into a. stencil by the impact of type and the like thereon, comprising 'open, fibrous material impregnated with an ester of cellulose, oleic anhydride and a suitable polyhydric alcohol.
- a stencil blank convertible into a stencil by impact of type and the like thereon, comprising open, fibrous material impregnated with nitrocellulose and a higher fatty acid anhydride.
- a stencil blank convertible into a stencil by impact of type and the like thereon, comprising open, fibrous material impregnated with nitrocellulose and oleic anhydride.
- a stencil blank convertible into a stencil by impact of type and the like thereon, comprising open, fibrous material impregnated with an ester of cellulose and anhydrides of the higher fatty acids.
- a stencil blank convertible into a stencil by impact of type and the like thereon, comprising open, fibrous material impregnated with nitrocellulose and anhydrides of the higher fatty acids.
Description
Patented Mai-.11, 1941 PATENT 'OFFlCE J STENCIL SHEET AND PRbCESS FOR FORMING THE SAME Louis E. Fuller, New York, N. I.
No Drawing. Application January 23, Hill, Serial No. 315,224
16 Claims.
My invention relates to permeable sheets so prepared as to be impervious to ink until pressure has been applied by meansof raised characters such as the type of a writing machine or by means of a stylus, such part of the sheet thereby becoming pervious and so altered that ink will pass.
My invention may be used in place of and is an improvement over those stencil papers such as wax and others which are easily ruptured in the typing process and which must be carefully handied to avoid injury to the coating. It is also an improvementover that class of stencil sheets requiring the application of moisture previous to l5 typing, in that'while possessing to a marked degree the durability and toughness of such stencil sheets and capable of reproducing a large number of copies it does not require the application of moisture.
In general my new stencil sheet possesses great chemical and mechanical stability. Also it's freedom from grease and oil is advantageous in that the stencil sheet does not soil the feed rolls of the writing machine nor the backing sheets or other papers which may be packed with it in cartons. Suitably packed in cartons it will remain usable for long periods of time. In the typing process it also possesses the added improvement over other dry stencils'in that it does not clog so the type of the writing machine with extractive matter from the substance of the coating.
The object of my invention therefore is the productibn of an improved stencil sheet which shall be tough and durable, which may be typed in a writing machine, will afl'ord a large number of reproductions and will not deteriorate from long usage. A further object is that the stencil sheet shall be proof against ink, this latter quality not being possessed by some of the stencil sheets 40 now sold in the market. My stencil sheet may be cleansed from ink and kept for reprinting without deterioration.
I accomplish this object by making use of the great stability and other desirable properties of the anhyrides of the higher fatty acids when mixed homogeneously in a film or coating with other suitable substances such as esters of cellulo'se with or without a small amount of glycerin or its equivalents, a concrete example of such formula being given in the following description.
When these substances are brought into solution by means of suitable solvents and applied to a sheet of open, fibrous material such as Japanese yoshino paper, on evaporation of the solvents a s5 tough and impervious sheetresults, which is capable of being typed in the ordinary manner. The acid anhydrides as made by my process and referred to, I have discovered are particularly adapted for use in the stencil sheet coatings for the reason-that they are very stable and easily 5 assimilable by the other ingredients of the film, the whole forming a "tolerant mixture which deposits a illmof suitable flexibility and toughness.
The most useful of these acid anhydrides I 10 have found are those for the manufacture of which I have devised a special process, involving the use of a catalyst and relatively low temperatures, the final product being easily purified.
Anhydrides of the formula (R20) are obtained, 15 the molecule of the acid or acid containing substance such as glycerides being doubled if necessary. Acetic anhydride is used in molecular proportions (although other dehydrating agents may be used) for the removal of the hydroxyl of the 20 acid, and with an excess of about 10% where glycerides are used.
In theproce'ss of forming my new stencil sheet I first proceed to manufacture an acid anhydride by reacting on 280 pounds of oleic acid and 1.2 25 pounds of concentrated sulphuric acid and pounds of acetic anhydride. The oleic acid (Ciel-1340:) is entered into a closed, acid proof container and while in agitation the mixture of sulphuric acid and acetic anhydride is run in, 30 the temperature below stated being maintained for about 30 minutes, the mixture being agitated for a few minutes at a time during this period. The reaction takes place at atmospheric pressure and the temperature of the mix is maintained at 235 from to degrees F. Means for preventing any material increase of pressure or the formation of a partial vacuum are desirable. I After the reaction is completed a cold solution of lbs. of water and five pounds of sodium 40 hydrate is added, or a solution of 120 lbs. of water and ten lbs. of anhydrous sodium acetate or, a 25% brine solution of about the same volume" as the mix, is added and the mix agitated for 5 to 10 minutes for the purpose of washing the 45 oleic anhydride free of acids and impurities. Other suitable salt solutions may also be used for the purpose of washing. The reaction product may also be freed from acids by other means such as distillation, the acetic acid thus being 50 recovered.
The mix is then left to stand at about 10oF for three or fourhours. or until the complete separation of the liquids has occurred. The aqueous liquid is then drain of! and the anhy- 55 dride is ready for use. instead of separation of the phases of the mix by subsidence the mix may be separated by means of suitable centrifugal separation if desired.
I then prepare a solution of industrial nitro cellulose of medium viscosity, one part, amyl or butyl acetate 8 parts, denatured or methyl alcoho] 4 parts, benzine 4 parts, oleic anhydride 6 to 7 parts, all parts being by weight. A suitable coloring material may be added if a colored sheet is desired. Basic or acid dyes or pigments may be used for the purpose. The fluidity of the solution may be increased or diminished by increasing or diminishing the solvents. The solution should be fluid enough to easily penetrate the paper.
Sheets of Japanese yoshino paper are then impregnated by drawing over the surface of the solution, the surplus being removed by a scraper, and suspended" to dry, On evaporation of the solvents the film sets to a homogeneous compound in a few minutes, the sheets then being ready for use.
- Sheets are typed in the well-understood manner, being superimposed on a carrier sheetand are then used in duplicating machines with inkin pads or rollers, for the purpose of making impressions.
The proportions of materials stated in the solutions may be varied within reasonable limits for the adjustment of the coating it being understood that the proportions of anhydride and cellulose ester are fixed substances that remain in the film to compose the coating of the stencil sheet. Less anhydride for example will make a harder film and more a softer film. So that I do not bind myself to these stated proportions of solvents or other substances, it being understood that my process practically considered consists of these substances or their equivalents for the purpose of a coating of predetermined character, solvent enough being used to give neceswithout regard to the process of manufacture.
In the process described I may use other catalysts such as an acid, metallic salt, an oxide or finely divided metal or a catalyst of any kind capable of maintaining the reaction. I may also use other esters of cellulose as the acetate or xanthate with suitable solvents.
It has been proposed to manufacture stencil sheets with esters of cellulose such as the nitrate mixed with fats, oils and fatty acids but I distinguish between those stencil sheets and my invention in that I do not use any fatty material and thus provide a coating of much more stability, the anhydrides referred to being much more stable than the fats and oils and produce a different and superior coating of much more It. will be understood that the invention of the .stencil sheet is not limited to the details as above described but that it comprehends broadly a stencil sheet adapted to be converted into a stenbeing essentially a fibrous base provided with a coating which includes suitable anhydrides of the higher fatty acids or their equivalents, this being so modified as to make it substantially stable for the purpose designed and responsive to pressure for the purpose stated such being the production of stencil openings of character suitable for the passage gf ink.
The invention of the process described herein is not limited to the precise details set forth but comprehends broadly the preparation of the acid anhydrides described and compounding with the remaining ingredients and impregnating open, fibrous material with the completed solution and drying by suitable, equivalent means.
What I claim is:
1. A stencil blank convertible into a stencil by impact of type and the like thereon, comprising open, fibrous material impregnated with an ester of cellulose and a higher fatty acid anhydride.
2. A stencil blank convertible into a stencil by impact of type and the like thereon, comprising open, fibrous material impregnated with an ester of cellulose, a higher fatty acid anhydride and a suitable polyhydric alcohol.
3. A stencil blank convertible into a stencil by impact of type and the like thereon, comprising open, fibrous material impregnated with an ester of cellulose and oleic anhydride.
4. A stencil blank convertible into a. stencil by the impact of type and the like thereon, comprising 'open, fibrous material impregnated with an ester of cellulose, oleic anhydride and a suitable polyhydric alcohol.
5. A stencil blank convertible into a stencil by impact of type and the like thereon, comprising open, fibrous material impregnated with nitrocellulose and a higher fatty acid anhydride.
6. A stencil blank convertible into a stencil by impact of type and the like thereon, comprising open, fibrous material impregnated with nitrocellulose and oleic anhydride.
7. A stencil blank convertible into a stencil by impact of type and the like thereon, comprising open, fibrous material impregnated with nitrocil by pressure as by impact or stylus thereon, it Y cellulose, oleic anhydride and a suitable polyhydric alcohol. 7
8. A stencil blank convertible into a stencil by impact of type and the like thereon, comprising open, fibrous material impregnated with an ester of cellulose and anhydrides of the higher fatty acids.
9. A stencil blank convertible into a stencil by impact of type and the like thereon, comprising open, fibrous material impregnated with nitrocellulose and anhydrides of the higher fatty acids.
10. The process of forming a stencil sheet, consisting of heating and agitating a higher fatty acid or a higher fatty acid -containing substance with a dehydrating agent ,and a catalyst until dehydration of the acid occurs, removing the acids from the resulting acid anhydride, adding thereto an ester of cellulose and suitable solvents, impregnating an open, fibrous material with the said solution and drying.
f 11. The process of forming a stencil sheet, consisting of heating and agitating oleic acid with acetic anhydride and concentrated sulphuric acid as a catalyst until dehydration of the oleic acid occurs, removing the acids from the resulting acid anhydride, adding thereto nitro-cellulose and suitable solvents, impregnating an open, fibrous material with the said solution and drying.
12. The process of forming a stencil sheet consisting of heating and agitating oleic acid with acetic anhydride and a catalyst such as concentrated sulphuric acid until dehydration of the oleic acid occurs.- washing the resulting oleic anhydride with a suitable alkaline or salt solution, adding nitro-cellulose and suitable solvents, impregnating an open, fibrous material with the compound and drying.
13. The process of forming a stencil sheet involving the production and purification of a higher fatty acid anhydride, adding to a solution containing an ester of cellulose, impregnating a sheet of open, fibrous material with the solution and drying the sheet.
14. The process of forming a stencil sheet involving the production of a higher fatty acid anhydride, washing the same free of acids, adding nitro-cellulose and suitable solvents, impregnating an open, fibrous material with the solution and drying.
15. The process of forming a stencil sheet involving the production of a higher fatty acid an-- hydride, dissolving the acid anhydride in a solution containing nitro-cellulose and suitable solvents, impregnating an open fibrous material with the said solution and drying.
16. The process of forming a stencil sheet, involving the production of a higher fatty acid anhydride, dissolving the same with an ester of cellulose and suitable solvents, coating the solution on fibrous material and drying.
LOUIS E. FULLER.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US315224A US2234694A (en) | 1940-01-23 | 1940-01-23 | Stencil sheet and process for forming the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US315224A US2234694A (en) | 1940-01-23 | 1940-01-23 | Stencil sheet and process for forming the same |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US2234694A true US2234694A (en) | 1941-03-11 |
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US315224A Expired - Lifetime US2234694A (en) | 1940-01-23 | 1940-01-23 | Stencil sheet and process for forming the same |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2872666A (en) * | 1955-07-19 | 1959-02-03 | Ibm | Data transfer and translating system |
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1940
- 1940-01-23 US US315224A patent/US2234694A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2872666A (en) * | 1955-07-19 | 1959-02-03 | Ibm | Data transfer and translating system |
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