US2232988A - Method of reforming angle bars - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 25, 1941. s, w U 2,232,988

METHOD OF REFORMING ANGLE BARS Filed Jan. 24, 1940 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 7171 5 17. Z 1:? Law/ ena? 5. M/bur Feb. 25, 1941.

1.. s. 'WILBUR METHOD OF REFORMING ANGLE BARS Filed Jan. 24, 1940 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 ZZYVEIZZUF Lam fence 5: M71711? Feb. 25, 1941. wlLBUR 2,232,988

METHOD OF REFORMING ANGLE BARS Filed Jan. 24, 1940 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 f1 9 E- 10 I/a HQ 4 [9a I9 1 27 y 27 a a0 I I Z6ii- Patented 5:15.25, 1 41 UNITED- STATES PATENT OFFICE Carter Blatchford, Inc

ration of. Illinois Application January 24,

., Chicago, 111., a m- 1940, Serial No. 315,297

9 Claims. (01. 29-169) My invention relates to a method of treating angle bars which are used for splicing or fastening rails, and is more particularly directed to the conversion of the head contact type of angle bars into the head free type of angle bars which possess exceptional advantages as splices for either new or worn rails.

The conversion method related herein is applicable to either new or worn rail angle bars, the latter being of particular importance as a method of prolonging the useful life of such angle bars for the purpose for which they were originally employed.

As is well known, an angle bar for rail joints loses its usefulness when subjected to the pounding of train wheels over the rails which causes loss by abrasion or distortion of metal on the surfaces of the angle bars where they come in close contact with the rail heads.

Two angle bars, one on each side of the rail, with bolts binding them together, constitute the ordinary form of joint for fastening the adjacent ends of rails together in a track.

The greatest proportion of wear or loss occurs on the top portion of the angle bar which necessitates frequent tightening of the bar bolts to draw them toward the rail web. When the angle bars are drawn toward each other and toward the rail web, they exert a wedging action relative to the underside surface of the rail head and the top surface of the rail foot.

As the top portion of the angle bars and undersides of the rail heads wear, the angle bars are pulled toward the rail web tocompensate for the wear, and when they bottom against the rail web no further wedging action is obtainable and the angle bars then require replacement.

Resort has sometimes been had to the expensive practice of cutting off the worn ends of the rails and splicing such cut rails with new or reformed angle bars. In this practice, the reformed angle bars are provided with a straight top edge having a uniform head contact with the underside of the heads of the cut rails.

Another practice is to reform the worn angle bars to provide a longitudinally crowned top edge to fit the undersides of the heads of the worn rail ends. The objection to the latter practice is in the inability to use the reformed angle bars with new or differently worn rails.

Accordingly, it is animportant object of this invention to provide a method for converting angle bars of the head contact type into bars of the head free type which take their loading engagement in the rail head fillet thereby using an entirely new bearing surface unaffected by previous wear. This method eliminates the expensive practice of cutting off and discarding the worn rail ends.

Another object of this invention is to provide 5 a reformed angle bar having a greater angular loading engagement thrust between the rail head and the rail foot than the head contact type of angle bar. This angular loading engagement provides greater stability and strength which 10 effectually keeps a rail in proper alignment and provides for further takeup to compensate for later wear which occurs between the contacting portions of the angle bar and the rail.

A further object of the present invention is l the provision of a method for converting angle bars into the head free type by subjecting only the head portion thereof to reshaping pressures.

A still further problem in the reformation of angle bars is experienced in eliminating stress 20 cracks formed on the top surface of the angle bars which contacts the under side surfaces of the heads of the rail ends which are spliced together. Constant pounding on the angle bar at this point, which is a localized area substan- 25 tially at the center thereof, causes fine cracks to appear. If these cracks are not eliminated during the process of reforming the angle bars under heat, the cracks increase in size and serve to localize service strains causing immediate failure 30 by fracture.

It is, therefore, another object of this invention to provide a method of reforming worn angle bars which eliminates stress cracks therein.

A still further object of the present invention 35 is to provide a reformed angle bar having smooth unbroken head surfaces.

The novel features believed to be characteristic of this invention are set forth with particularity in the appended claims. The invention itself, 40 however, both as to its organization and method, together with further objects and advantages thereof, may best be understood by reference to the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a vertical cross section with parts in elevation, illustrating a pair ofangle bars bolted in position relative to a rail, the angle bar on the left-hand side being a worn or head contact type of angle bar and the bar on the right- 50 hand side being a reformed head free type of rail angle bar.

Figure 2 is an end elevational view showing an angle bar in position between reshaping dies, and diagrammatically illustrating, in dotted lines, the

angle bar head ready to be formed into shape, and, in full lines, the reshaped angle bar head.

Figure 3 is an end elevational view illustrating the reshaped bar of Figure 2 being finally reshaped in enveloping dies for smoothing the surfaces of and normalizing the stresses in said bar.

Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 2 showing another embodiment of this invention and illustrating, in dotted lines, the angle bar head before being reshaped, and, in full lines, the angle bar having a reshaped and offset head portion.

Figure 5 is a view similar to Figure 3 illustrating, in dotted lines, the reshaped angle bar of Figure 4, and, in full lines, the angle bar after the outer face of the web has been straightened.

Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure 2 illustrating the method of reshaping the head portion of an angle bar having an extending foot portion.

Figure 7 is an. elevational end view showing still another embodiment of this invention illustrating, in dotted lines, the original or worn angle bar head portion, and, in full lines, the reshaped head portion having its upper inner corner displaced in a diagonal direction to form a railfillet engaging element, as shown in Figure 1.

Figure 8 is a view similar to Figure 7 diagrammatically illustrating a still further reshaped angle bar head.

Figure 9 is a vertical sectional view, somewhat similar to the end elevational view of Figure 2, illustrating another embodiment of the present invention and showing -a modified form of a vertically operating reshaping die in position for reshaping an angle bar, the illustrated section of angle bar being substantially taken along the plane indicated by the line IX-IX of Figure 12.

Figure 10 is a vertical sectional view illustrating the position of parts in completing the reshaping operation of the angle bar shown in Figure 9.

Figure 11 is a reduced side view in elevation showing an angle bar in inverted position and illustrating stress cracks which develop in a worn angle bar head.

Figure 12 is a view similar to Figure 11, illustrating a worn angle bar after the head cracks have been removed by a hollow grinding operation.

Figure 13 is a view similar to Figure 11, illustrating a reshaped angle bar after the dieshaping operation, shown in Figure 10, is completed.

Figure 14 is a side view in elevation showing the reshaped angle bar of Figure 13 after being subjected to a final finishing operation similar to that shown in Figure 3.

As shown on the drawings:

In Figure 1, the reference numeral Ill generally designates a rail to which is applied, for purposes of illustration, a pair of angle bars II and I2. The angle bar II is a worn or head contact typ of bar which is reformed into the head free-type of angle bar I2 by the methods described herein.

The angle bars II and I2 are drawn into a wedging position by a draw bolt I3 which is tightened, as the top surface of the bar wears, by a nut I4. It is to be noted that the head portion of the worn angle bar I is drawn into engagement with the web I5 of the rail l0 eliminating any further takeup or compensation for wear. In this position, the outer face of the angle bar II is disposed in angular relation with the I8, and a connecting web portion I9. The metal distribution of these three portions is substantially maintained in the reformation operation in order that the loading and deflection forces may be distributed properly.

Illustrated in Figure 2, partially in full lines and partially in dotted lines, is the worn angle bar I I seated in an inverted angular position in a holding die member 20.

Die surfaces 2|, 22, and'23 are provided in the die holding member 20, with the angular relationship between die surfaces 2| and 22 being arranged to seatingly receive the outer surface 24 and the upper free surface 25 of the angle bar II in such a manner as to hold the bar in an inverted angular position. The angular relationship between die surfaces 2| and 23 is greater than the angular relationship between the outer face 24 of the angle bar and the worn contact surface 26 of the angle bar. This increase in angular relationship is illustrated by the acute exterior angles A and B, the angle A being defined by the extended planes of the top contact surface 26 and the outer face 24, while the' angle B is defined by the extended planes of the die surface 23 and the die surface 2|.

A vertically movable die member 21, having a slanting die surface 28, is pressed downwardly against the lower inner corner 29 of the worn angle bar head I! causing the 'metal thereof to fiow between the adjacent die surfaces 23 and 28. It should be noted that the die surface 2| is angularly disposed away from the vertical sufficiently to allow the movable die member 21 to pass by the foot portion I8 of the angle bar without any interference therefrom.

The resulting angle bar, as shown in full lines, is now provided with an extended portion 30 which engages with the rail fillet I6 when the angle bar is inserted against the rail, as shown in Figure 1. When in this position, the new top rail free surface 26' together with the adjacent underside surface of the rail head defines a clearance angle C. In a standard rail and angle bar assembly, the angle C is approximately 8".

Likewise, the angle of the surface 26' to the horizontal, as indicated at D, is approximately 5. These angles may, however, be varied by changing the die surface of the die member 20 in accordance with the clearance found best suited for rail joint constructions.

Following this operation, the roughly pressed angle bar is subjected to a finishing die pressing operation, as illustrated in Figure 3.

For this operation, a pair of enveloping dies 3| and 32 are operated toward each other with the angle bar having the reshaped head II' held therebetween. These dies serve to straighten and smooth the surfaces of the angle bar thereby normalizing the stresses therein. It is to be noted that the shape of the dies 3| and 32 is such as to maintain the angular relationship between the end surfaces and the outer face of the bar. Should it be found necessary to increase or decrease the length of the bar, such a change can be effected in this final or finishing operation by the expediency-of changing the die shapes to increase or decrease the width of the web l3.

In its finally finished shape, the angle bar [2 engages with the rail as shown in Figure 1. The several steps illustrated show the conversion of a 'worn or head contact type of bar, such as angle bar i-l, intothe head free type of bar, such as angle bar 12.

Another embodiment of the present invention is illustrated in Figure 4 which shows a difierent method of obtaining the increase between the angles A and B of Figure 2. In this embodiment, the holding die member 33 is provided with die surfaces 22 and 23 which are in the same angular relationship to each other and to the dotted line 2| as are the three die surfaces 2|, 22, and 23 in Figure 2. Instead of providing a single slanting die surface, such as 2| of Figure 2, the die member 33 is provided with die surfaces 2 I and 2i in angular relation with each other.

The angularity of the die surface 2| is such that, when the worn angle bar I I is seated in the position as shown in dotted lines, removable die member 21 slidingly engages against the corner 34 of the foot portion l3 to hold the angle bar in place when die pressure is exerted against the head portion corner 29.

As shown in full lines, pressure exerted by the die member 21 bends the head portion I! and a part of the web [9 back into engagement with the die surfaces 2| and 22, and thereafter a continuation of die pressure causes the metal of the head to flow outwardly to form the rail fillet engaging portion 30, in the same manner as disclosed in Figure 2.

The resultant angle bar, shown in dotted lines in'Figure 5, is inserted between enveloping die members 3| and 32 and pressure exerted thereon in the same manner as shown in Figure 3. The reshaping pressure exerted by the die members of Figure 5 serve to shape the outer faces that were in contact with the die surfaces 2| and 2 l in a straight line keeping the same angularity between the outer face and end surfaces thereof as in Figure 3, while at the same time smooth finishing the surfaces and normalizing the pressures in the angle bar.

The method of reforming an angle bar having an extending leg portion 36, is illustrated in Figure 6, which is similar to the method illustrated in Figure 2. In this method, a holding die member 20 is provided with die surfaces 2|, 22 and 23 in the same angular relationship as that described with the holding die member 20. At the upper right-hand side of this die member, there is provided a curved surface 31 which has the same degree of curvature as the surfaces of the angle bar 35 upon which it rests. The movable die member 21, having a slanting die surface 28, serves to displace the metal in the head portion into a rail-fillet engaging portion 30 in the same manner as previously described. If necessary, dies similar to die members 3| and 32 and shaped in accordance with the shape of the angle bar 35, can be used for smooth finishing and normalizing the stresses in the angle bar upon completion of the rough die pressing operation as disclosed in Figure 6.

Wedging engagement between the angle bar 35 and the rail I0 is effected in the same manner as shown in Figure 1, engagement being had, at the upper end, between .the rail-fillet engaging portion 30 and the rail fillet l6, and at the bottom, between the underside portion of the foot flange 36 and the upper slanting surface of the rail foot flange.

Figures 7 and 8 illustrate two additional forms of angle bars of a head free .t'y-pe, both shapes being obtained in the same manner as disclosed in Figure 2 by shaping the die members 20 and 21 in such a manner that the shape of the angle bars as shown will be effected.

The important object to be obtained in the angle bar disclosed in Figure 7 is the displacement of the metal in the corner 29 to reform the adjacent portion of the angle bar head into a railfillet engaging portion 30 having a top surface which, when the outer face 24 of the web is in assembled vertical position on a rail, exitends above the peak 38 in the original angle bar. Proper clearance .to effect a head free type of bar is thereby obtained. The degree of clearance, similar to angle C of Figure 1, is predetermined by the angular relationship of the die surf-aces in the holding die member (not shown) used to effect the shape shown. As in the case of the angle bars shown in Figures 3 and 5, the angle bar of Figure '7, if necessary, may be subjected to die pressures for smooth finishing and normalizing the stresses therein.

'Figure 8 illustrates, diagrammatically, another form of angle bar in which the head portion of the original or worn angle bar is shown in dotted lines, and the reformed head portion converting the angle bar into'the head free .type is shown in full lines. In this form, the rail-fillet engaging portion 30' extends beyond the peak 38, being reformed to a point adjacent the peak. Smooth finishing and stress normalizing may be accomplished in a manner similar to the methods illustrated in Figures 3 and 5.

Each of the angle bars of Figures '7 and 8, wedgingly engage with the rail III in the same manner as illustrated in Figure 1.

Figures 9 to 14, inclusive, illustrate a still further method of reforming angle bars of the type previously shown.

This modification illustrates a method by which cracks in a worn angle bar head, resulting from constant pounding and flexing of the central portions of the angle bars which engage the rail ends, are removed and the angle bars subjected to die pressures to fill up the removed portions of the bar.

These cracks are detected in each of the worn rail angle bars by a polarizing operation. The cracks are usually confined to a very small area at the .top of the angle bar head at a point immediately adjacent the ends of the rails which are spliced together. It has been found that if the cracks are not too deep and are confined to a localized area not extending across the width of the bar head, that shallow-hollow grinding will entirely remove the cracked area. This hollow grinding removes metal from the top of the angle bar head and it is necessary, therefore, to provide means in the reformation of the angle bar for displacing suificient metal from an unused portion of the bar to fill up that area that has been ground away. The present modification effects this objective.

In Figure 11, there is illustrated a rail angle bar generally designated by the reference numeral Ma and which is .provided with a plurality of apertures 50 through its web pontion 13a for receiving the draw bolts l3 by which the angle bars are held in Wedging engagement against a rail as shown in Figure 1.

The stress cracks, referred to above, are generally designated by the reference numeral 5| and, as shown, occur in thetop central portion of the angle bar head Ila.

The cracks 5| are ground out as shown by the hollow ground portion generally designated by the reference numeral 52 in Figures 9 and 12.

Illustrated in Figure 9 is the ground angle bar of Figure 12 seated in an inverted angular position in a holding die member 20, in the same manner as shown in Figure 2.

A vertically movable die member 21a is shaped in the same manner as the die'member 21 shown in Figure 2 with the exception that the slanting die surface 28 is provided with a bulged portion 28a which isso positioned as to engage against the lower inner surface of the worn angle bar directly opposite the ground out portion 52; By pressing downwardly against thelower inner surface of the worn angle bar head Ila, metal is displaced downwardly to fill up the ground out portion 52.

This operation transfers the hollow or valley from the top of the angle bar head to the lower inner surface 53, which has the. same slant as the surface formed by the slanting die surface 28, as shown in Figure 2.

The resulting angle bar is illustrated in Figures 10 and 13, with the hollow portion formed by the die surface 28a being designated by the reference numeral 54.

While it is not necessary in the proper functioning of a reformed angle bar to reform the underside of the angle bar head to eliminate the hollow 54, it may be advantageous to do so and for this reason provision is made for a final-refinishing die operation to flow suificient metal into the hollow to fill it up.

For this operation, the angle bar illustrated in Figure 13 is subjected to pressure between a pair of enveloping dies as illustrated in Figure 3, the die surface designated as 55 being positioned sufficiently in advance of its. position indicated in Figure 3 so that a slight amount of metal is displaced along the length of the bar to fill up the depression 54. This final reshaping operation also serves to straighten and smooth the surfaces of the angle bar thereby normalizing the stresses therein.

The resulting angle bar is illustrated in Figure 14 .and shows a smooth unbroken angle bar head.

In each of the reformed angle bars disclosed in the drawings, compensation for wear is effected by drawing the foot portion of the angle bar toward the web of the rail II].

It has been found that a draft clearance E (Figure 1) of approximately one-quarter inch provides sufficient takeup in compensating for wear but this clearance may be varied in accordance with that which is found best suited for the type of angle bars to be reformed.

It should be understood that the various die pressin operations illustrated herein not only bend but also displace metal to form the angle bar in the steps outlined by the dotted and full lines. The greatest displacement of metal takes place on only a portion of the angle bar head and is not ofsuch a substantial nature as to adversely affect the structural loading capacity of the finished angle bar.

One of the structural advantages obtained by the use of a head free type of angle bar is the diagonal center line of the loading engagement thrust which stabilizes and strengthens the rail to keep it in gauge and in surface alignment. The final shape of the reformed head free type of angle bar also provides an outer bolting face 24 which is in vertical parallel spaced alignment with the vertical axis of the rail and which insures a full contact with the clamping bolt head and nut to facilitate the even drawing of the angle bars toward .each other. As the bearing within the rail fillet wears, the tightening of the bolt causes the foot flange of each bar to slide upwardly on the inclined foot flange of the rail to adjust for such wear and retain the wedging action against the rail head.

The die pressing operations described herein are most easily effected by preheating the angle bars, which is the preferred form of this in vention. By substituting a rolling device having a contour of the angle bar shape desired for the upper die members 21 and 3| illustrated, and operating such a device along the length of the angle bar, the same converted head free type of angle bar can be obtained as those shown in the drawings.

Although the form of rail joint angle bars may differ, the essential steps in reforming such bars will be substantially those described herein, resulting in the production of head free types of bars'having the structural advantages that appear in the foregoing descriptions.

While several embodiments of the present invention have been shown herein, it will, of course, be understood that the invention is not to be limited thereto since many modifications may be made, and it is therefore contemplated by the appended claims to cover all such modifications as fall within the true spirit and scope of this invention.

I claim as my invention:

1. In the method of reforming angle bars for rail joints from a rail head engaging type to a rail fillet engaging and rail head free type, the steps which comprise applying pressure against the lower inner corner of the bar head to flow metal therefrom, and confining portions of the bar head on both sides of the top inner corner of the bar head in spaced relation from said corner to restrain the flow of metal at the confined portions while .allowing flow of metal to build up the top inner corner of the bar head beyond the normal inner face thereof for creating a rail fillet engaging portion which spaces the previous rail head engaging portion of the bar head from the rail.

2. The method of reforming an angle bar for rail joints which comprises cutting out cracked portions of the rail bar head, subjecting a portion of the bar head to pressure betwen reshaping dies to displace material thereof into the cut out portions, and simultaneously applying pressure against the lower inner corner of the bar head to flow metal therefrom while confining portions of the bar head on both sides of the top inner corner to restrain the fiow of metal at the confined portions while allowing flow of metal to increase the width of the bar head for creating a rail fillet engaging portion.

3. The method of reforming an angle bar for rail joints from a head contact type of-bar into a head free type of bar which comprises seating the angle bar in an inverted angular position in the die with the outer face of the bar web and a portion of the top of the bar head in seated engagement with the die and with the portion of the die adjacent the rail head contact portion of the bar head spaced from said portion, and displacing metal of the bar head diagonally beyond the normal inner face of the bar head to form an extended rail fillet bearing portion and to move said rail contact portion 'of the bar head into engagement with said adjacent portion of the die, said displacing and moving being effected by means of die pressure applied against the head portion of the bar pposite to the original rail head contact surface of the bar head.

4. The method of reforming a rail joint angle bar having. a head portion with angularly disposed rail free and rail contact top surfaces, a foot portion and a connecting web from a head contact type of bar into a head free type of bar which comprises seating the outer face of the web and the adjacent rail free surface of the head on complementary surfaces of aholding die member and with the rail contact surface of the bar head initially spaced from an additional adjacent surface of said die, exerting a deforming pressure against the head of the bar opposite said rail contact surface, said deforming pressure simultaneously exerting a side thrust 'againsta portion of the bar in spaced relation from the bar portion being deformed for holding the angle bar in its seated position during said deformation, said deforming pressure displacing the metal of the bar head beyond the normal inner face of the bar head into an extended rail fillet engaging portion and moving the original rail contact surface into engagement with said additional adjacent surface of the die.

5. The method of reforming a rail joint angle bar having a head portion with angularly disposed rail free and rail contact top surfaces, a foot portion and a connecting web, from a head contact type of bar into a head free type of bar which comprises seating the angle bar in an inverted angular position on a holding die member with the outer face of the web and the rail free surface of the bar head complementally engaging surfaces of the die member and with the rail contact surface of the bar head initially spaced from an additional adjacent surface of the die member, exerting a vertically movable deforming pressure against the head of the bar opposite said rail contact surface, said deforming pressure being exerted along an axis immediately adjacent the foot of said bar for exerting a side thrust thereagainst to hold the bar in its seated position while being deformed, said deforming pressure displacing the metal of the bar head beyond the normal inner face of the bar head into an extended rail fillet engaging portion and moving the original rail contact surface into engagement with said additional adjacent die surface, and finally subjecting the angle bar to reshaping pressures for smoothing and straightening the surfaces thereof and normalizing the stresses therein.

6. The method of reforming a rail joint angle bar having a head portion with angularly disposed rail free and rail contact top surfaces, a foot portion and a connecting web from a head contact type of bar into a head free type of angle bar which comprises, grinding away localized cracked areas in the top rail contact surface of said bar, seating the angle bar in an inverted angular position on a holding die member with the outer face of the web and the rail free surface of the bar head complementally engaging surfaces of the die member, and the rail contact surface of the-bar head being initially spaced from an additional adjacent surface of the die member, exerting a vertically movable deforming pressure against and along the length of the head of the bar opposite said rail contact surface for displacing metal of the bar head beyond the normal inner face of the bar head into an extended rail fillet engaging portion, moving the original rail contact surface into engagement with said additional adjacent die surface, and bulging metal from areas on they lower portion of the head opposite said ground-out areas to fill in said last-mentioned areas, said deforming pressure being exerted along an axis immediately adjacent the foot of said bar for exerting a side thrust thereagainst to hold the bar in its seated position while being deformed.

7. The method of reforming a rail joint angle bar having a head portion with angularly disposed rail free and rail contact top surfaces, a foot portion and a connecting web from a head contact type of bar into a head free type of angle bar which comprises, grinding away localized cracked areas in the top rail contact surface of said bar, seating the angle bar in an inverted angular position on a holding die member with the outer face of the web and the rail free surface of the bar head complementally engaging surfaces of the die member, and the rail contact surface oftthe bar head being initially spaced from an additional adjacent surface of the die member, exerting a vertically movable deforming pressure against and along the length of the head of the bar opposite said rail contact surface for displacing metal of the bar head beyond the normal inner face of the bar head into an extended rail fillet engaging portion, moving the original rail contact surface into engagement with said additional adjacent die surface, bulging metal from areas on the lower portion of the head opposite said ground-out areas to fill in said last mentioned areas, said deforming pressure being exerted along an axis immediately adjacent the foot of said bar for exerting a side thrust thereagainst to hold the bar in its seated position while being deformed, and finally subjecting said deformed angle bar to additional reshaping pressures for filling in the depressed areas on the lower portion of the head and for smoothing the surfaces of the bar and normalizing the stresses therein.

8. The method of reforming angle bars for rail joints from a. rail head engaging type to a rail fillet engaging and rail head free type which comprises applying pressure against the lower inner corner of the bar head to flow metal therefrom, confining portions of the bar head on both sides of the top inner corner of the bar head in spaced relation from said corner to restrain the fiow of metal at the confined portions while increasing the width of the bar head for creating a rail fillet engaging DOrtion thereon which spaces the previous rail head engaging portion of the bar head from the rail, and subsequently smoothing the surfaces of the thus reformed angle bar by subjecting the bar to pressure between finishing dies which completely envelope said bar.

9. The method of reforming an angle bar for rail joints from a rail head engaging type of bar into a. rail head free type which comprises seating the bar in an inverted angular position in a die member which engages the outer face of the bar web from the foot portion of the bar to an intermediate portion of the web in spaced relation from the head portion of the bar and which is spaced from said web portion of the bar from said intermediate portion to said head portion, said die also having a surface engaging the rail head contacting portion of the bar head and an additional surface spaced from the top of the bar in the die, thereafter totally enveloping the reformed bar in shaping dies, subjecting the enveloped bar to die pressure, and flattening the outer face of the bar web.

LAWRENCE 8.

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