US2230125A - Compressed air condenser - Google Patents

Compressed air condenser Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2230125A
US2230125A US168118A US16811837A US2230125A US 2230125 A US2230125 A US 2230125A US 168118 A US168118 A US 168118A US 16811837 A US16811837 A US 16811837A US 2230125 A US2230125 A US 2230125A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
condenser
casing
insulator
nut
secured
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US168118A
Inventor
Usselman George Lindley
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
RCA Corp
Original Assignee
RCA Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by RCA Corp filed Critical RCA Corp
Priority to US168118A priority Critical patent/US2230125A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2230125A publication Critical patent/US2230125A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01GCAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G4/00Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G4/002Details
    • H01G4/255Means for correcting the capacitance value
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01GCAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G4/00Fixed capacitors; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G4/002Details
    • H01G4/018Dielectrics
    • H01G4/02Gas or vapour dielectrics

Definitions

  • This invention relates to improvements in electrical condensers of the compressed air type which are particularly adapted for ultra-short wave transmission.
  • An object of this invention is to provide further improvements in compressed air condensers oi the type shown in the Hansell et a1.
  • Another object of this invention is to provide an improved compressed air condenser which has associated therewith a corona shield located at the top of the central insulator.
  • a further object is to provide a condenser in which a portion of the corona shield is combined with terminal means.
  • Another object is to provide an improved condenser of the type referred to, in which electrical strains and stresses to which the insulator is subjected are materially reduced.
  • Still another object of this invention is to provide an improved rotatable system for changing condenser capacity, which system may be operated from any desired angle relative to the axis of the condenser.
  • an Invar rod which comprises an alloy of nickel and steel or similar metallic material, which has a comparatively small heat coefficient of linear expansion for the movable central shaft. More fully, I have found that when the ordinary compressed air neutralizing condenser is used in an ultra-high frequency circult the external parts of the condenser are maintained at a fairly constant temperature for the reason that the heat is carried away from the external casing comparatively rapidly. However, the heat generated in the inner parts due to the conduction of high frequency current cannot be conducted away as rapidly and consequently the internal parts rise in temperature, therefore, and expand. Since the external parts do not expand in proportion, there results an undesirable increase of condenser capacity. This, according to my present invention, is substantially eliminated. Furthermore, to maintain an efiicient condenser circuit at the ultra-high frequencies, my condenser has been made short and broad.
  • the corona shield is arranged to be used as one of the terminal connections to the condenser. This arrangement makes it possible to have a very short path from the terminal of adjacent apparatus and the inner condenser element. Also, the gear 5 portion of the rotatable system is mounted on the flat top portion of the corona shield.
  • Fig. 1 is a plan view of the improved con- 10 denser
  • Fig. 2 is an elevation partly in section of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a cross-section of Fig. 2, the section being taken on line 3-3. 1
  • the outer electrode condenser casing I is composed of any good conducting metal, such as for example, silver, brass, copper, .or the like, and is provided with a substantially heavy base 20 2 threaded and soldered air tight into'part I.
  • the base 2 is threaded to receive an air gauge 3 and a fluid valve 4.
  • the upper portion of casmg I is threaded on the outside contour thereof to receive a collar 5.
  • the inner wall of the up- 25 per portion of casing I is provided with a tapered shoulderring 8 soldered to casing I on top of which is located a rubber gasket 1.
  • a cone-like insulator I is secured to casing I by means of insulator clamp ring I and by a plurality of iilister 30 head screws III which are threaded into member I.
  • a gasket II is interposed between the shoulder of insulator I and member 9 to prevent mechanical strains which might otherwise damage the insulator. 35
  • a disc-like member I2 Located on top of the high voltage insulator i is a disc-like member I2, the outer periphery of which is rounded over to form a corona shield.
  • the upper portion of member I2 is made substantially flat to receive a bearing member Ilfor a shaft I4 and terminal studs I2a and terminal member lib.
  • Insulator I! is interposed betweenshaft. I4 and a shaft II which terminates in an operating knob 45 ll located preferably outside the transmitter panel (not shown).
  • a small bevel gear I8 cooperating with beveled gear I! which is arranged to rotate a threaded inner nut 21a, which in turn 50 pushes against push rod or shaft 20.
  • the bearing I 3 may be arranged at anyangular position of member II with a corresponding change in gears or a universal Joint.
  • Shaft or push rod II is made of "Invar or any other material having 9. small thermal or heat coemclent of linear expansion.
  • having a rounded over shoulder portion 22 is located within the upper por tion of insulator 6.
  • a gasket 23 prevents leakage of the air and also acts as a mechanical seat to prevent breakage of the insulator.
  • is provided with a fine thread 24 which serves the dual purpose of clamping stem 2
  • a key 21b is ln-- terposed between a collar 21 which is secured to gear I8 and inner cap-like nut member 21a.
  • knob l'l raises and lowers the position of the inner nut member 21a which, in turn, allows, shaft 20 to be raised or lowered within the casing Due to internal compression of the compressed air, shaft 20 is always forced upward and rides in the upper portion of inner member To protect the moving parts from injury and to limit the motion of nut 210, the upper portion of collar member 21 is threaded to receive a cap member 210.
  • a thin metallic cover 28 which is secured to member 9 by means of a pressed fit on the outside periphery.
  • compressed air condenser is generally similar 'to that shown in Figs. and 6 of the Hansell et al. Patent #2,192,062. It is to be noted that the entire shape of the condenser has been materially altered to reduce undesired impedance at ultra-high frequencies by reducing as much as possible the physical length of the condenser and increasing the diameter wherever necessary to obtain the desired capacity.
  • the fixed portion of the inner electrode has been materially increased, slotted at 35b by a plurality of slots and rounded over at the ends 36a to prevent brushing to the variable portion the inner electrode 36.
  • ! is secured to the lower portion of member 2
  • the outer bellows 33 are connected and soldered together by a ringlike washer 3L Interposed between the inner andvouter bellows is a tube-like element32, the outer surface of which acts as a guide for ringlike washers 34 and the inner portion or, surface as a guide for-a telescoping tubular member 31.
  • member 28 The upper portion of member" is threaded to a. collar 28 which is in turn threaded at the lower portion of stem 2
  • the outer flexible bellows have been designed to be removable by having the threaded collar member telescope over the inner bellows, the diameter being larger than inner bellows 20 so as to. allow removal of members 2!, 32, 33, 34, 35, 31 and 38 after shield 36 and retainer disk 38b and screws 360 have been'z'emoved.
  • Member 28 has a thin rim 29a which makes it easy to solder on bellows 23.
  • variable inner electrode portion 36 is fastened to member 2
  • members 36 and 36 are provided with a small aperture 36a, the inner bellows 30 being arranged to withstand the air pressure of the condenser and at the same time acting asan the gas or air is placed under a pressure of substantially one hundred and fifty to two hundred pounds per square inch.
  • Such a condenser at this pressure would be capable of efliciently handling approximately 30,000 volts R. M. S.
  • the adjustable knob II is rotated and the surface area and/or the dielectric thickness is changed by moving the adjusting nut 21 clockwise or counter-clockwise. Assuming that stem 2
  • condensers of this general type are parts and joined by a plurality of flexible bellows to permit variations in the length of said central electrode within said casing, adjusting means comprising an "Invar" rod, the space between theelectrodes within said casing being filled with a gas under.
  • gearing means comprising a pair of bevel gears for varying the capacity of said condenser, a threaded adjusting nut turned by said gears to move said "Invar" rod to vary the length of said central electrode, and an operating knob having an insulated member secured to the other end of said shaft.
  • An electric condenser comprising a casing, said casingacting as one electrode for said condenser, a hollow cone-like insulator supported by said casing, a central electrode secured to said tion of said central electrode having an external 78 thread, a movable nut surrounding said external thread, a gear secured to said nut, adjusting means comprising an Invar rod cooperating with said nut to vary the length ,0! said central electrode, the space between the electrodes within said casing being filled with a gas under pressure acting as a dielectric for said condenser.
  • An electric condenser comprising a casing, said casing acting as one electrode for said condenser, a hollow cone-like insulator supported by insulator, the space between said casing electrode and said central electrode being filled with a gas under pressure acting as a dielectric ior said condenser, said central electrode formed of two parts threaded together including an upper and a lowerportion, one or said lower parts having an inner'group of flexible bellows to seal the inner portion oi said condenser from the outside atmosphere, the other lower part of said central electrode having an outer group of flexible bellows to seal the gas under pressure from said outside atmosphere, said group of flexible bellows being secured to said central electrode so as to permit variations in its length, said upper portion of said central electrode having an ex-- ternal thread, a nut surrounding said external thread, a gear secured to said nut, and adjusting means comprising a second gear meshed with said first gear, a rod-like member cooperating with said

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Description

Jan. 28, 1941. uss 2,230,125
COMPRESSED AIR CONDENSER I Filed Oct. 9, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR. 6. U$5EL MAN ATTORNEY.
Patented Jan. 28, 1941 COMPBESSED AIR CONDENSER George Lindley Usselman, Port Jefferson, N. Y., assignor to Radio Corporation of America, a corporation of Delaware Application October 9, 1937, Serial No. 168,118
Claims.
This invention relates to improvements in electrical condensers of the compressed air type which are particularly adapted for ultra-short wave transmission.
An object of this invention is to provide further improvements in compressed air condensers oi the type shown in the Hansell et a1. Patent #2,192,062, issued February 2'7, 1940, and in my copending Appln. Ser. No. 138,111, filed April 21,
Another object of this invention is to provide an improved compressed air condenser which has associated therewith a corona shield located at the top of the central insulator.
A further object is to provide a condenser in which a portion of the corona shield is combined with terminal means.
Another object is to provide an improved condenser of the type referred to, in which electrical strains and stresses to which the insulator is subjected are materially reduced.
Still another object of this invention is to provide an improved rotatable system for changing condenser capacity, which system may be operated from any desired angle relative to the axis of the condenser.
Other objects are to provide a condenser of overall electrical efficiency and to provide a condenser easy to assemble, thereby minimizing manufacturing costs.
One of the specific features of this invention is the use of an Invar" rod which comprises an alloy of nickel and steel or similar metallic material, which has a comparatively small heat coefficient of linear expansion for the movable central shaft. More fully, I have found that when the ordinary compressed air neutralizing condenser is used in an ultra-high frequency circult the external parts of the condenser are maintained at a fairly constant temperature for the reason that the heat is carried away from the external casing comparatively rapidly. However, the heat generated in the inner parts due to the conduction of high frequency current cannot be conducted away as rapidly and consequently the internal parts rise in temperature, therefore, and expand. Since the external parts do not expand in proportion, there results an undesirable increase of condenser capacity. This, according to my present invention, is substantially eliminated. Furthermore, to maintain an efiicient condenser circuit at the ultra-high frequencies, my condenser has been made short and broad.
Another improved feature of my compressed an air neutralizing condenser is that the corona shield is arranged to be used as one of the terminal connections to the condenser. This arrangement makes it possible to have a very short path from the terminal of adjacent apparatus and the inner condenser element. Also, the gear 5 portion of the rotatable system is mounted on the flat top portion of the corona shield.
This invention will best be' understood by referring to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 is a plan view of the improved con- 10 denser;
Fig. 2 is an elevation partly in section of Fig. 1; and
Fig. 3 is a cross-section of Fig. 2, the section being taken on line 3-3. 1 Referring now in detail to the figures of the drawings, the outer electrode condenser casing I is composed of any good conducting metal, such as for example, silver, brass, copper, .or the like, and is provided with a substantially heavy base 20 2 threaded and soldered air tight into'part I. The base 2 is threaded to receive an air gauge 3 and a fluid valve 4. The upper portion of casmg I is threaded on the outside contour thereof to receive a collar 5. The inner wall of the up- 25 per portion of casing I is provided with a tapered shoulderring 8 soldered to casing I on top of which is located a rubber gasket 1. A cone-like insulator I is secured to casing I by means of insulator clamp ring I and by a plurality of iilister 30 head screws III which are threaded into member I. A gasket II is interposed between the shoulder of insulator I and member 9 to prevent mechanical strains which might otherwise damage the insulator. 35
Located on top of the high voltage insulator i is a disc-like member I2, the outer periphery of which is rounded over to form a corona shield. The upper portion of member I2 is made substantially flat to receive a bearing member Ilfor a shaft I4 and terminal studs I2a and terminal member lib. Insulator I! is interposed betweenshaft. I4 and a shaft II which terminates in an operating knob 45 ll located preferably outside the transmitter panel (not shown). At the other end of shaft it there is secured a small bevel gear I8 cooperating with beveled gear I! which is arranged to rotate a threaded inner nut 21a, which in turn 50 pushes against push rod or shaft 20. The bearing I 3 may be arranged at anyangular position of member II with a corresponding change in gears or a universal Joint. Shaft or push rod II is made of "Invar or any other material having 9. small thermal or heat coemclent of linear expansion.
A hollow stem 2| having a rounded over shoulder portion 22 is located within the upper por tion of insulator 6. A gasket 23 prevents leakage of the air and also acts as a mechanical seat to prevent breakage of the insulator. The upper portion of stem 2| is provided with a fine thread 24 which serves the dual purpose of clamping stem 2| to the insulator by means of nut 2! and lock washer 26 and in addition carries an inner cap-like nut member 21a which is internally threaded to run on thread 24. A key 21b is ln-- terposed between a collar 21 which is secured to gear I8 and inner cap-like nut member 21a. Rotation of knob l'l raises and lowers the position of the inner nut member 21a which, in turn, allows, shaft 20 to be raised or lowered within the casing Due to internal compression of the compressed air, shaft 20 is always forced upward and rides in the upper portion of inner member To protect the moving parts from injury and to limit the motion of nut 210, the upper portion of collar member 21 is threaded to receive a cap member 210.
Toprevent brushing or corona to the filister head screws Hi, there is provided a thin metallic cover 28 which is secured to member 9 by means of a pressed fit on the outside periphery.
The internal construction of compressed air condenser is generally similar 'to that shown in Figs. and 6 of the Hansell et al. Patent #2,192,062. It is to be noted that the entire shape of the condenser has been materially altered to reduce undesired impedance at ultra-high frequencies by reducing as much as possible the physical length of the condenser and increasing the diameter wherever necessary to obtain the desired capacity. The fixed portion of the inner electrode has been materially increased, slotted at 35b by a plurality of slots and rounded over at the ends 36a to prevent brushing to the variable portion the inner electrode 36.
The inner bellows 3|! is secured to the lower portion of member 2| and is provided with ringlike guide members 3| which slide in operative engagement on shaft 20. The outer bellows 33 are connected and soldered together by a ringlike washer 3L Interposed between the inner andvouter bellows is a tube-like element32, the outer surface of which acts as a guide for ringlike washers 34 and the inner portion or, surface as a guide for-a telescoping tubular member 31.
The upper portion of member" is threaded to a. collar 28 which is in turn threaded at the lower portion of stem 2|. To provide ease of the condenser assembly, the outer flexible bellows have been designed to be removable by having the threaded collar member telescope over the inner bellows, the diameter being larger than inner bellows 20 so as to. allow removal of members 2!, 32, 33, 34, 35, 31 and 38 after shield 36 and retainer disk 38b and screws 360 have been'z'emoved. Member 28 has a thin rim 29a which makes it easy to solder on bellows 23. The variable inner electrode portion 36 is fastened to member 2| by means of a flange-like member 38 which has a portion 39 secured thereto by retainer disk 38b, screwed to part 36; for centrally guiding inner rod 20. In order that there may be fluid communication between the inner' and outer bellows, members 36 and 36 are provided with a small aperture 36a, the inner bellows 30 being arranged to withstand the air pressure of the condenser and at the same time acting asan the gas or air is placed under a pressure of substantially one hundred and fifty to two hundred pounds per square inch. Such a condenser at this pressure would be capable of efliciently handling approximately 30,000 volts R. M. S. When it is desirableto vary this condenser, the adjustable knob II is rotated and the surface area and/or the dielectric thickness is changed by moving the adjusting nut 21 clockwise or counter-clockwise. Assuming that stem 2| has a right handv thread when adjusting nut 21 is moved clockwise, members 26, 26, 31, 38 and 36 will be pushed downward to increase the active capacity by decreasing the dielectric thickness of the condenser fiuid or gas below 36. Similarly, when adjusting nut 21 is moved in a counterclockwise direction, members and 3'! will telescope upward'wlthin members 22 and 3-5, and thus decrease the capacity between the lower surface of member 36 and the inner base portion of casing While only one embodiment of this invention has, been described, it is to be distinctly understood that condensers of this general type are parts and joined by a plurality of flexible bellows to permit variations in the length of said central electrode within said casing, adjusting means comprising an "Invar" rod, the space between theelectrodes within said casing being filled with a gas under. pressure acting as a dielectric for said condenser, a cup-shaped member having a rounded flange forming a corona shield, said cupshaped member supported on the upper end of said cone-like insulator, a bearing on the top of said cup-shaped member a shaft carried by said bearing one end of which terminates in gearing means comprising a pair of bevel gears for varying the capacity of said condenser, a threaded adjusting nut turned by said gears to move said "Invar" rod to vary the length of said central electrode, and an operating knob having an insulated member secured to the other end of said shaft.
2. An electric condenser comprising a casing, said casingacting as one electrode for said condenser, a hollow cone-like insulator supported by said casing, a central electrode secured to said tion of said central electrode having an external 78 thread, a movable nut surrounding said external thread, a gear secured to said nut, adjusting means comprising an Invar rod cooperating with said nut to vary the length ,0! said central electrode, the space between the electrodes within said casing being filled with a gas under pressure acting as a dielectric for said condenser.
. said casing, a central electrode secured to said 3. An electric condenser comprising a casing, said casing acting as one electrode for said condenser, a hollow cone-like insulator supported by insulator, the space between said casing electrode and said central electrode being filled with a gas under pressure acting as a dielectric ior said condenser, said central electrode formed of two parts threaded together including an upper and a lowerportion, one or said lower parts having an inner'group of flexible bellows to seal the inner portion oi said condenser from the outside atmosphere, the other lower part of said central electrode having an outer group of flexible bellows to seal the gas under pressure from said outside atmosphere, said group of flexible bellows being secured to said central electrode so as to permit variations in its length, said upper portion of said central electrode having an ex-- ternal thread, a nut surrounding said external thread, a gear secured to said nut, and adjusting means comprising a second gear meshed with said first gear, a rod-like member cooperating with said nut and gears to vary the length of said passing through said flexible bellows, the space between the electrodes .within said casing being filled with a gas under pressure acting as a dielectric for said condenser, a cup-shaped member having a rounded flange forming a corona shield, said cup-shaped member supported on the upper end of said cone-like insulator, a bearing on the top or said cup-shaped member, a shaft carried by said bearing one end oi which terminates in gearing means comprising a pair of bevel gears for varying the capacity of said condenser, a threaded adjusting nut turned by said gears to move said adjusting means to vary the length said casing acting as one electrode for said condenser, a hollow cone-like insulator supported by said casing, a central electrode secured to said insulator including an upper and a lower portion, said lower portion having a fixed and an adjustable portion, an inner tube secured to said adjustable portion '01 said central electrode, telescoping members to couple said fixed and adjustable portions tcgether, a flexible metallic member located on both the inside and outside of said telescoping members to permit variations in the length of said central electrode within said casing, said upper portion oi said central electrode having an external thread, a movable nut surrounding'said external thread, adjusting means comprising a gear secured to said movable nut, a second gear meshed with said first gear, an "Invar" rod cooperating with said nut to vary the length oi' said central electrode, the space between the electrodes within said casing being filled with a gas under pressure acting as a dielectric for said condenser. Y
' (moms USSELMAN,
US168118A 1937-10-09 1937-10-09 Compressed air condenser Expired - Lifetime US2230125A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US168118A US2230125A (en) 1937-10-09 1937-10-09 Compressed air condenser

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US168118A US2230125A (en) 1937-10-09 1937-10-09 Compressed air condenser

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2230125A true US2230125A (en) 1941-01-28

Family

ID=22610208

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US168118A Expired - Lifetime US2230125A (en) 1937-10-09 1937-10-09 Compressed air condenser

Country Status (1)

Country Link
US (1) US2230125A (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2740927A (en) * 1952-12-31 1956-04-03 Jennings Radio Mfg Corp Vacuum variable condenser
US3366852A (en) * 1965-10-13 1968-01-30 Energy Lab Inc Pressurized variable capacitor
JP2015026475A (en) * 2013-07-25 2015-02-05 東京エレクトロン株式会社 Plasma processing device

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2740927A (en) * 1952-12-31 1956-04-03 Jennings Radio Mfg Corp Vacuum variable condenser
US3366852A (en) * 1965-10-13 1968-01-30 Energy Lab Inc Pressurized variable capacitor
JP2015026475A (en) * 2013-07-25 2015-02-05 東京エレクトロン株式会社 Plasma processing device

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2416565A (en) High-frequency electronic device
US2353742A (en) High-frequency apparatus
US2413689A (en) Electron discharge device
US4007406A (en) High pressure, gas filled, variable electrical parameter device
US2230125A (en) Compressed air condenser
US2445237A (en) Electron discharge device and associated circuit
US2740077A (en) Electrical condensers
US2462866A (en) High-frequency oscillator
US3040220A (en) Vacuum variable capacitor
US2414280A (en) Variometer
US2192062A (en) Electric condenser
US2248227A (en) Tuned circuit
US3227915A (en) Fluid cooling of hollow tuner and radio frequency probe in klystron
US2510639A (en) Cavity resonator system
US4002957A (en) Trimmable fixed hermetically sealed capacitor
US2780727A (en) Resonant circuit
US2344238A (en) Compressed fluid condenser
US2427558A (en) High-frequency oscillator
US2920255A (en) Vacuum variable capacitor
US2454330A (en) Positive grid oscillator
US2428609A (en) High-frequency electric discharge device
US2400619A (en) Capacity switch
US2401205A (en) Monitor probe for high-frequency transmission lines
US2878415A (en) Electron discharge device
US2204166A (en) Electric condenser