US2227887A

US2227887A - Chilling machine

Info

Publication number: US2227887A
Application number: US335419A
Authority: US
Inventors: Koropchak Vladimir
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1940-05-15
Filing date: 1940-05-15
Publication date: 1941-01-07
Anticipated expiration: 1958-01-07

Description

Jan. 7, 1941. v. KOR'IOPCHAK CHILLING MACHINE 4 Sheefs-Sheet 1 Filed May l5, 1940 A iiome y Jan. 7, 1941. v. KOROPCHAK 2,227,887

' CHILLING MACHINE Filed May 15, 1940 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 In ventor Jan. 7, 1941. v. KOROPCHAK CHILLING MACHINE 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed May 15, 1940 Inventor A iio ney Jan. 7, 1941. v KQRQPCHAK 2,227,887

CHILLING MACHINE Filed May 15, 1940 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Attorney Patented Jan. 7,1941

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 6 Claims.

This invention relates to a'chilling machine or a heat exchange unit especially adapted for chilling or cooling liquids usually of a viscous nature by a chilling medium known as a refrigerant under circulation, and has for the primary object the provision of a device of this character which will be extremely compact and still possess a maximum cooling or chilling capacity for the liquid.

Another object of this invention is the provision of a series of liquid and refrigerant chambers arranged one within the other to permit circulation of both the liquid and refrigerant in column formation and the liquid column subjected to chilling or cooling both internally and externally thereof by the columns of refrigerant.

A further object of this invention'is the provision of a series of concentric tubular shells and detachable heads therefor for forming the liquid and refrigerant chambers with means for connecting the liquid chambers with each other to permit circulation of the liquid endwise from one liquid chamber to the other in alternate directions and the entrance and exhaust of the re- 25 frigerant from the refrigerant chambers, the refrigerant entering in liquid form and passing out in the form of a gas due to the heat transfer from the liquid to be cooled and the refrigerant.

A still further object of this invention is the provision of reciprocal cleaners for removing congealed liquid and other foreign matter from the surfaces of the shells forming the liquid chambers and operable simultaneously from a common power medium so that the heat exchange between the liquid and the refrigerant may be kept to the highest point of emciency.

With these and other objects in view as will become more apparent as the description proceeds, the invention consists in certain novel features of 40 construction, combination and arrangement of parts as will be hereinafter more fully described and claimed.

For a complete understanding of my invention, reference is to be had to the following descriptio 45 and accompanying, drawings, in which Figure 1 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view illustrating one portion of a chilling machine constructed in accordance with my invention.

Figure 1a is a fragmentary vertical sectional view illustrating the other portion of the chilling machine. 1

Figure 2 is an end view illustrating the machine.

Figure 3 is an end view illustrating the other end of the machine from that shown in Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a diagrammatical view illustrating a fragmentary portion of one of the cleaners.

Figure 5 is a fragmentary transverse sectional view illustrating the reciprocal cleaners within the liquid chambers. Figure 6 is a detail sectional view taken on the line 66 of Figure 1a.

Figure 7 is a fragmentary perspective view illustrating an end portion of one of the shells.

Figure 8 is a detail sectional View illustrating the connection between one of the connecting rods of the cleaner to a reciprocating head.

Figures 9 and 10 are detail-sectional views illustrating the construction of the cleaner.

Referring in detail to the drawings, the numeral 5 indicates as an entirety the chilling machine or heat exchange unit which is supported by saddles 6 and an abutment I mounted on the floor or foundation. The unit 5 is arranged horizontally and includes primarily a series of concentric shells 8 and are of such diameters as to be arranged one within the other and spaced from each other to form refrigerant and liquid chambers 9 and Ill and a main liquid chamber ll arranged innermost of all the chambers 9 and I0. Front and rear heads l2 and I3 are employed for closing the ends of the various shells. The heads 12 and I3 have annular grooves [4 to form seats for the ends of the shells and suitable gaskets may be arranged in the seats to prevent leakage bei:

tween the chambers. The outermost shellhas apertured annular members I5 integral therewith to receive bolts I6 which extend through the heads l2 and I3 to removably secure the heads in place.

Certain of the shells which form the liquid chambers have formed therein adjacent the ends slots or ports [1 for establishing communication between the various liquid chambers. A liquid supply header is shown at I8 and is connected to the outermost liquid chamber III by two or more pipes l9 connected to ports 20 formed in the rear head 13 so that theliquid will be introduced into the outermost liquid chamber at one end of the unit and caused to circulate through the various chambers in the direction indicated by the ar rows in Figure 1a until it enters the main liquid chamber II and may exhaust therefrom by way of an outlet pipe Zl. This outlet pipe extends throughthe various shells and may be welded thereto and has direct communication only with the main liquid chamber I I. By referring to Figone direction and then in a reverse direction until it reaches the outlet pipe 2| of the main chambr H and which establishes a series of columns of liquid subjected to a cooling effect from the refrigerant within the refrigerant chambers 9 that extend entirely about the liquid chambers for their entire lengths.

Annular spacers 22 are arranged between the shells and. are welded thereto and certain of these annular spacers block off the refrigerant chambers from the liquid chambers Where certain of the shells are provided with the ports I! which establish communication between the various liquid chambers.

A suitable refrigerant supplying header 24 which is connected to a refrigerating machine (not shown) is so connected to the refrigerant chambers that each is supplied with a refrigerant from the lower side of the unit 5 adjacent the rear end thereof, as clearly shown in Figure la. It is to be understood that this refrigerant circulates for the entire length of the refrigerant chambers and when it takes up heat from the liquid in the liquid chambers" it turns into a gas and this gas passes off from the refrigerant chambers by a main outlet pipe 25 carried by the outermost shell and through a series of tubes 26 connecting the refrigerant chambers directly under the main outlet pipe 25, as shown in Figure 1. It is to be noted that the gaseous refrigerant outlet is located adjacent the forward end of the unit 5 and is the return of the refrigerant to the refrigerating machine (not shown).

The arrangement of the liquid and refrigerant chambers and the means of introducing the liquid and refrigerant into said chambers and the exhausting of the liquid and refrigerant therefrom will bring about a maximum amount of cooling or chilling effect upon the liquid by the refrigerant with the compactness of the deveice maintained to the greatest extent without any sacrifice of chilling areas to the various columns of liquid passing through the unit.

The shells each is provided with an annular indentation 26 to compensate for expansion and contraction of the shell.

The heads l2 and I3 are provided with adjustable stufling boxes 21 in alignment with the chambers 9, l0 and H to slidably support and permit the entrance into the chambers of groups of supporting rods 28. The group of connecting rods which are supported by the stuffing boxes carried by the head 12 are detachably secured to a reciprocal head 29. Certain of the latternamed supporting rods are keyed to the reciprocal head 29, as shown at 30, to prevent said rods from rotating while another rod of said latternamed group of rods or the one which enters the chamber I I is secured on the reciprocal head 29 by set screws 3|. detachably secured to cleaners 33 by couplings 34 and said cleaners are located for reciprocation within the shells forming the liquid chambers and have frictional contact with the walls of the latter-named shells to remove and keep said latternamedshells free of congealed liquid and other foreign matter.

The reciprocal head 29 is equipped with a roller 36 which travels upon a track element 31 supported by the head l2 and the abutment I. This arrangement will permit the head 29 to reciprocate with a minimum amount of friction.

Mounted on the abutment I is a supporting structure 38 carrying bearings 39 in which is iour-' naled a crank shaft 40 and the crank of the connecting rod 4|.

The groups of rods 28 are latter is connected tothe reciprocal head 29 by a One end of the crank shaft 40 is provided with a fly wheel 42 and the other end has secured thereto by a shear pin a pulley 43 to permit belting of the crank shaft to a power source (not shown) or if desired, the crank shaft may be geared to the power take-oil. shaft of the power source.

Each of the cleaners 33, except the cleaner in the chamber ll, consists of a pair of T-shaped beam elements 44 welded or otherwise secured together so that the web portions 45 extend in opposite directions and have integral therewith studs or projections 46 to enter sockets formed in wiping elements or strips 41 each having a spiral pitch thereto with the ends thereof spaced and slightly overlapping the adjacent wiping strips, as shown diagrammatically in Figure 4.

It is preferable that the wiping strips be constructed of T shaped beam design and welded thereto are reinforcingblocks 48 which have the sockets for the projections 48 formed therein.

The web portions 45 of the members 44 have formed therein pairs of slots 50 and laced through said pairs of slots are serpentine shaped springs 5| suitably secured on the members 44 and bearing against the wiping strips 41 to yieldably force the latter into engagement with the shells forming the liquid chambers. Also the wiping strips 41 are yieldably supported or forced against the shells defining the liquid chambers by series of spaced spring members 52 each consisting of a pair of substantially U-shaped spring elements 53 having certain ends welded onto the wiping strips while the other ends are equipped with clips 54 to slidably grip the wiping strips. The spring elements, 53 of each pair of spring devices 52 are slidably connected by rivets 55. The spring devices 52 also aid in maintaining the wiping strips in proper relation to each other and in contact with certain; of the shells as specified.

The cleaner 33 which operates in the liquid chamber ll differs from the other cleaners in that it must be constructed to only engage and wipe one of the shells and includes a rod 34' on which radially arranged plates or webs 35 are formed. The plates or webs 35' have wiping strips 41' mounted thereon in a manner similar to the mounting of the wiping strips 41 on the cleaners 33. Also the wiping strips 41' are spring influenced similar to the wiping strips 41.

If desired, bearings 56, one of which is shown in detail in Figure 6, may be mounted in the shell of the chamber I I to slidably support the cleaner therein.

If desired, the cleaners heretofore described in detail may be composed of several sections detachably connected by couplings.

It is believed from the foregoing description, when taken in connection with the drawings, it can readily be seen that the present invention will be extremely simple and economical to construct and will possess a maximum amount of efficiency in the cooling or chilling of a liquid or fluid and that the device in entirety will be extremely compact and may be readily taken apart for inspection and cleaning and necessary repairs.

While I have shown and described the preferred embodiment of my invention, it will be understood that minor changes in construction, combination and arrangement of parts may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as claimed.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. In a device of the class described, a plurality of spaced shells including means for compensa-ting for expansion and contraction thereof and arranged to provide liquid and refrigerant chambers with the refrigerant chambers surrounding the liquid chambers, closure means for the ends of the shells, means for admitting a refrigerant to and exhausting it from said refrigerant chambers, and means for permitting the passing of the liquid through said liquid chambers to be chilled by the refrigerant.

2. In a device of the class described, a plurality of cylindrical shells of varied diameters arranged one within the other and spaced from each other to define a'plurality of liquid and refrigerant chambers with the refrigerant chambers surrounding the liquid chambers, means for connecting the liquid chambers to each other, means for connecting the refrigerant chambers to each other and providing an exhaust therefor, means for admitting refrigerant to the refrigerant chambers, and removable heads for closing the ends of the shells.

3. In a device of the class described, a plurality of cylindrical shells of varied diameters arranged one within the other and spaced from each other to define a plurality of liquid and refrigerant chamberswith the refrigerant chambers surrounding the liquid chambers, means for connecting the liquid chambers to each other, means for connecting the refrigerant chambers to each other and providing an exhaust therefor, means for admitting refrigerant to the refrigerant chambers, removable heads for closing the ends of the shells, and supporting means for the outermost shell, stuffing boxes carried by the heads, groups of supporting rods slidable in said stuffing boxes and entering the liquid chambers, cleaners supported by said rods contacting the walls of the shells defining the liquid chambers to remove congealed liquid and other foreign matter therefrom, and means connected with one of thegroups of rods for the reciprocation of the cleaners' 4. In. a device of the class described, a plurality of cylindrical shells of varied diameters arranged one within the other and spaced from each other to define a plurality of liquid and refrigerant chambers with the refrigerant chambers surrounding the liquid chambers, means for connecting the liquid chambers to each other, means for connecting the refrigerant chambers to each other and providing an exhaust therefor, means for admitting refrigerant to the refrigerant chambers, removable heads for closing the ends of the shells, supporting means for the outermost shell, stufiing boxes carried by the heads, groups of supporting rods slidable in said stufiing boxes and entering theliquid chambers, cleaners supported by said rods contacting the walls of the shells defining the liquid chambers to remove concealed liquid and other foreign matter therefrom, a

reciprocal head connected to one of the groups of rods and slidably mounted on said supporting means, a power driven connecting rod journaled on the supporting means and connected to the reciprocal head.

5. In a device of the character described, a plurality of spaced concentrically arranged shells defining a plurality of liquid and refrigerant chambers with the liquid chambers surrounding the refrigerant chambers, removable heads secured to the outermost shell and having annular grooves to receive the other shells and acting to form closures for the ends of the liquid and refrigerant chambers, means for admitting liquid to one of the liquid chambers, certain of said shells having ports to establish communication between the liquid chambers and to permit the circulation of the liquid endwise of the chambers and from one to another in opposite directions, cleaners reciprocally mounted in the shells defining the liquid chambers and having frictional contact with the walls thereof, means for reciprocating the cleaners, means for admitting refrigerant to the refrigerant chambers, means for exhausting the refrigerant from the refrigerant chambers-andan outlet pipe connected to one of the liquid chambers.

6. In a device of the class described, a plurality of shells of different diameters and arranged one within the other to form series of liquid and refrigerant chambers with the refrigerant chambers surrounding the liquid chambers, removable heads for closing the ends of the chambers and the ends of the shells, spacing means supporting the shells in spaced relation and acting to close theliquid chambers to the refrigerant chambers, means for admitting liquid to the liquid chambers, means for exhausting liquid from one of the liquid chambers, certain of said shells having ports to establish communication between the liquid chambers, means for admitting refrigerant to the refrigerant chambers, a refrigerant exhaust means connected to the refrigerant chambers, a plurality of supporting rods slidably carried by the heads and entering the liquid chambers, cleaners reciprocally mounted in the shells defining the liquid chambers, couplers detachably connecting the supporting rods to the cleaners, each of said cleaners including inner and outer wiping strips each having a spiral pitch thereto and members VLADIMIR KOROPCHAK.