US2223670A - Pump - Google Patents

Description

H. E. ADAMS PUMP Dec. 3, 1940.

Dec. 3, 1940.

H. E. ADAMS PUMP Filed Sept. 17, 1937 2 Sheets-Shet 2 Patented Dec. 3, 1940 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Harold E. Ad South Norwalk, Conn, assignor to Nash Engineering Company, South Norwalk, Conn, a corporationof Connecticut 29 Claims.

This invention is directed to fluid piston pumps or compressors, and more particularly to hydroturbine pumps of the type employing a rotating, water or equivalent liquid ring as a pumping or displacing medium, in which the liquid of the ring alternately enters and recedes from a series 'of displacement chambers formed as peripheral buckets in a, rotor'revolving within an eccentric casing, these buckets or chambers being defined by radially extending vanes or blades.

The well known Nash type of compressor is a good illustration of a pump having displacement chambers operating in a liquid ring, and it is to this general type of pump that the present invention is directed. Such pumps comprise generally a circular rotor operating within an eccentric casing, the rotor being journalled usually upon a tapered or conical port member extending within the casing. While the invention herein is not limited specifically to this type of pump, reference is made thereto for illustrative purposes. Such pumps have been found very satisfactory in the handling of air and gas, aswell as fluids, and one object of the instant invention is directed. tothe simplification of constructiomof this type of pump.

It is a fundamental object of the instant invention to provide a pump structure particularly adapted to handle chemicals or abrasive materials, wherein the pumping mechanism may be made of special materials, which are resistant to chemical corrosion, rapid wear by abrasive action, and the like. Such materials are usually of 'such a nature as to preclude ready machining by conventional methods and tools, and another object of the invention contemplates a design of? individual parts and assemblage thereof, which requires a minimum of machining, and in which operating parts may be machined exclusively by grinding. This offers the advantage of permitting the use of materials which, while susceptible to grinding, may not be capableof machine treatment by turning, drilling, tapping, milling orthe like, and to this end the major portions of the pump, such as the lobe, port plate, cone, and rotor are designed to eliminate need J for such machining operations.

Still a further object includes a' design of parts to facilitate ready casting, thereby further assisting in minimizing machining operations.

It is difiicult, if not impossible, in an acid pump, to prevent action of the acid on the metal or other material of those parts of the pump which directly contact the medium handled by the pump, even when the parts are constructed of 1937, Serial No. 164,394

special, corrosion and wear resistant materials, and accordingly an important object of the present invention contemplates the provision of an organization oraassembly in which the parts are readily renewable.

Another object is to provide a minimum of material in the actual pump parts, and to so relate the parts thatthey can be readily inserted as elements, .or as a unit in a cast iron pump frame or housing, if they become worn through use.

It is contemplated that the material of the pumping mechanism proper, l. e., the acid -resisting parts, may be somewhat weak or brittle, and that such parts are simple in form, contain no tappings, and have surfaces which can be machined by grinding, and that the parts contain a minimum amount of material. Accordingly, still another object is to provide a structure in which such parts may be supported by an outer structure affording strength to the mechanism, and in which the ground parts will be held in their proper relationship, rigidly supported in correct alignment with the shaft and bearing structure.

All of the foregoing features lend themselves readily to an organization easily assembled and disassembled, in which a minimum of separate elements, and a minimum of material for such elements, is utilized, thus improving construc- 80 tions of pumps for general utility as well as offering the special advantages in an acid, chemical or abrasive handling compressor. With this construction the lobe, port plate or cone, etc., might readily be made of stone ware or of special metals, and the rotor can be made of steels especially suited to resist deterioration, and coated with enamel or rubber. In the assemblage, means may be provided to prevent the medium handled by the pump from getting into the 40 bearings.

It sometimes becomes desirable to adjust the pump to accommodate variations in pump pressure, and accordingly an additional feature of this invention includes a means to chan e the relation of the inlet and discharge ports with respect to the pump lobe or lobes, which is desirable where higher or lower pressures are to be handled.

To the attainment of the foregoing and other objects which will appear as the description proceeds, reference may be made to the accompanying sheets of drawings'in which:

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional elevation through a pump:

section of a ring or pumping medium, actuated by the rotor,

follows an operating path defined by the eccen-. tric internal contour of the stator or pump chamber, as shown in Figures 2 and 3. The liquid first recedes from the center of the rotor or bottom of the displacement buckets, into 'lobes formed on major axes of the chamber, and these recessions constitute the suction stroke of the compressor, drawing fluid material which is to be handled by the pump, in at the bottoms of the buckets. Then as the peripheral portions of the buckets approach the minor axes of the chamber,'the operating liquid ring is forced inward into the buckets to perform a compression stroke. This action may take place-several times during a single rotation of the rotor, depending upon the 'number of lobes formed in the pump chamber. In the present illustration two lobes are illustrated, separated by lands at the ends of a minor axis of the chamber, but obviously the number of lobes may be varied from one to any desired number.

Between the point where the periphery of the rotor approaches the chamber wall, and the point where they separate as the rotor approaches a major axis, thereds built up a differential in pressure which is somewhat greater than the diflerential in pressure between the inlet of the reference numerals refer to like parts, it will be. I

observed that the pumpcomprises generally a frame or housing formed preferably as a singlecasting indicated generally at In. This casting includes a bed or base ||,bearing supports or housings l2, and a pump casing or frame member l3, all of which, as stated, may be formed as an integral structure or casting. V

The pump casing or frame member is open ended as will be seen from Figure 1, and is designed to receive the corrosion resisting pump parts, which will be bolted in or held in place by a steel retaining ring l4. Bolts l5 extending through the ring I may be threaded into the frame member |3 for this purpose. Inner portions such as inner surfaces or flanges formed within the frame member l3 serve, by cooperation with the perimeter of the pump chamber or stator, hereinafter described, to align the pumping mechanism with the pump shaft and bearing structures. It is not essential that the peripheral wall of the frame member l3 be continuous or unbroken, so long as the member I 3 provides some portion co-operative with the pumping mecha-: nism proper, for aligning and supporting same. a This corrosion resisting unit comprises generally a liner or casing member H, of generally elliptical contour to outline the pump chamber or stator proper, and provide u pump lobes l8 and IS. The shape of the stator may be as desired to provide I, 2 or more lobes. A combined Port plate 20 and cone 2| is inserted within the member H, the plate 20 functioning as a closure for one side of the pump chamber defined by the of the element 20 being held in position against the liner member II by the ring ll. A combined closure plate 22 and stufling box 23 is positioned between the liner member and the inner wall of the frame member casing I3, to complete the pump chamber, the stufling box of course, being suitably packed as at 24.

The tapered or cone portion 2| functions as ahub for a pump rotor 25 revolubly mounted thereon, to rotate within the stator II, this rotor being formed with vanes 26 defining displacement chambers in the rotor, which rotor is suitably ported as at 21 at the base of each displacement chamber so'formed.

Inlet and discharge passages 28 and 29 exte'nd through the cone and port member for cooperation with the ported rotor.

An inlet pipe 30 and an outlet pipe 3|, which may be formed as a. unitary casting are suitably mounted to cooperate with the inlet and outlet passages of the cone, and to form a continuation of the cone itself. It will be noted that this in- The cone itself will preferably be divided into the two parts'32 and 33 to facilitate casting, and

it will be seen that none of the elements thus far described other than the base and frame |||3, are drilled or tapped parts, and there fore can be made of material which can be machined exclusively by grinding.

Sealing fluid for preventing leakage within the pump may be suitably introduced under pressure, through a flanged connection or conduit 34, to the-interior of the pump for conduction to clearances between the rotor and the tapered hub or cone 2|, and to other rlmning clearances within the pump chamber, during normal operation, of the pump, in opposition to the normal pressure differential created by the pump.

The rotor 25 is formed with or otherwise provided with a projecting hub 35 extending through and under the stufling box 23, being keyed or splined to a rotor drivingshai't 3 6; The extension of this hub is very effective in protecting the shaft 36, which is usually of steel, from acid.

v The shaft 36 will be supported by suitable antifriction bearings 31 in the bearing boxes or housings l2, the housings themselves being completed by suitable plates 33 and M.

It may be desirable to vary the relation of the inlet and discharge. ports with respect to the flange of the portplate 20, and it will be evi- 1 The shaft 36 is usuallymade of steel, and accordingly would be subject to chemical corrosion, and hence means are provided to prevent any acid or other chemical from travelling along this shaft, .and also to avoid the possibility of such chemical getting into the bearings of the pump.

Such means is illustrated in the form of a slinger, reference being particularly made to the enlarged detail view of Figure 4. This slinger, designated generally at 43, may consist of a sleeve fitted with external annular grooves and 5|, and ispressed on the hub 35 of the rotor 25.

The sleeve 43 rotates with the shaft 38 and the rotor 25. It also extends over the end of the bearing cap or plate 44, the latter of course being stationary. The bearing cap is provided with the usual sealing grooves 45 which may be filled with grease, and also with an external annular groove 46, the purpose of which is to act as a drip groove for any corrosive fluid that might run down the outside. This groove 46 stops such acidfrom running along the nosing of the bearing cap and thus prevents it from entering the annular clearance between the sleeve 43 and the machined extension of bearing cap 44. Any acid leaking from the stufling box along the hub 35 would first be thrown off by the -flrst annular groove 5|, into the outer annular clearance space 41 of the stufilng box gland 48, from which it may be drained off through a drain hole 49 in the gland 48 to any suitable point. Should however, corrosive liquid leak or creep farther along thesleeve 43, it would be thrown off by the annular groove 5ll.- In any event, such leakage would not work along the'shaft 36 into the bearing 31 because of the aforementioned provisions,

the pumping elements or works" of the pump may be handled as a unit. This unit, including both the stator and rotor, can be readily removed by virtue of the particular design of the inlet and outlet piping and the simplicity of the retaining medium or ring l4, which bolts to the main housing or frame structure.

Each individual element can be readily molded or cast with a minimum of material, requiring no complicated machining and accordingly the hub ring ll, port plate and cone may be made of stone ware or of any other suitable material, requiring no machining other than by grinding or polishing, the rotor may be made of similar material or may be made of steel, coated with enamel or rubber; the special slinger may be provided to prevent acid from getting into the pump bearings, without in any manner effecting operation of the'pump, and in short everything aligned by said frame member comprising a stator having a lobe portion, a rotor in said stator, a cone and a port plate providing an inlet and outlet for the stator, and a bearing for the rotor, as well as a closure for the stator, said frame member being shaped to provide ready access tip the elements of said pumping mechanism, and said elements being readilyv removable and replaceable with respect to said frame member.

2. A pump of the class using liquid in its pumping action, comprising a frame member having a pumping mechanism aligning portion, and pumping mechanism mounted on and 10 aligned by said frame member comprising a stator having a lobe portion, a rotor in said stator, a cone and a port plate providing an inlet and outlet for the stator, and a bearing for the rotor, as well as a closure for the stator, 15 saidframe member being shaped to provide ready access to the elements of said pumping mechanism, and said elements being readily removable and replaceable with respect to said frame member, and means to retain said elements in assembled relation within said frame.

3. A pump of the class using liquid -in its pumping action, comprising a frame member, and pumping mechanism mounted in said frame member comprising a stator having a lobe portion, a rotor in said stator, a cone and a port plate providing an inlet and outlet for the stator, and a bearing for the rotor, said frame member' being shaped to support said stator and to provide ready access to the elements of said pumping mechanism, and said elements being readily removable and replaceable with respect to said frame member, and means to retain, said unit in assembled relation within saidframe comprising a retaining ring attachable to said frame externally of said unit.

4. A pump of the class using liquid in its pumping action, comprising a base, an open ended frame member rigid therewith, having a plunping mechanism aligning portion, and pumping mechanism mounted within and aligned by said frame member, said pumping mechanism including a stator having a lobe portion, a rotor .in said stator, a cone and a port plate providing an inlet and outlet for the stator, and a bearing 45 for the rotor, said frame member being shaped to provide ready access to the elements of said pumping mechanism, and said elements being readily removable and replaceable with respect to said frame member. 1

5. A pump of the class usingliquid in its pumping action, comprising a frame casting, having a base and an open ended housing cast integrally therewith, andpumping mechanism mounted within said housing, said pumping mechanism including a stator having a lobe portion, a rotor in said stator, a cone and a port plate, providing an inlet and outlet for the stator and a bearing for the rotor, said frame member being shaped to support said stator and to pro- 0 vide ready access to the elements of said pumping mechanism, and said elements being readily removable and replaceable with respect to said frame member.

6. A pump of the class using liquid in its pumping action, and having inlet and outlet means, said pump comprising a frame member having a pump unit aligning portion, a pumping unit carried by and aligned by said frame memher-comprising a stator definitive of a pump chamber having a lobe portion, a rotor in said chamber, a port plate for said chamber, and a hub member extendingJherefrom for supporting the rotor, said frame member being shaped to provide ready access to the elements of said pumping mechanism, and said elements being' pumping action, and having inlet and outlet means, said pump comprising a frame member -having a pumping mechanism aligning portion, pumping mechanism mounted therein and aligned thereby comprising a stator definitive of a pump chamber having a lobe portion, a rotor operable within said lobe portion, a cone providing a bearing therefor, and a port plate, said port plate forming a closure member for the pump chamber at one side of said lobe portion, said frame member being shaped to provide ready access to the elements of said pumping mechanism, and said elements being readily removable and replaceable withrespect to said frame member.

8. A pump of the class using liquid in its pumping action, and having inlet 'and' outlet means, said pump comprising a frame member, pumping mechanism mounted therein comprising a stator definitive of a pump chamber having a lobe portion, a rotor operable within said lobe portion, a cone providing a bearing therefor, and a port plate, said port plate forming a closure member for the pump chamber at one sideiof said-lobe portion, a closure plate positioned at the opposite side of said lobe portion from said port plate effective to complete said pump chamber, said frame member being shaped to provide ready access to the elements of said pumpin mechanism, and said elements being readily rea movable and replaceable with respect to said frame member.

9. A pump of the class using liquid in its pumping action, comprising a frame member, pumping mechanism mounted in said frame member comprising a stator having a lobe por tion, a rotor in said stator, a cone and a port plate providing an inlet and outlet for the stator and a bearing for the rotor, said lobe por tion, cone and port plate being formed of corrosion-resistant material, said frame member being shaped to support said stator and to provide ready access to the elements of said pumping mechanism, and said elements being readily removable and replaceable with respect to said frame member. I

10. A pumpof the class using liquid in its pumping action, mprising a frame member, pumping mechanism mounted in said frame member comprising a stator'having a lobe portion, a

rotor in said stator, a cone and a port plate providing an inlet and outlet for the stator, and. a bearing for the rotor, said rotor being formed of metallic material coated with a chemically resistant material, said frame member being shaped to support said stator-and to provide ready access to the elements of said pumping mechanism, and said elements being readily removable and replaceable with respect to said frame member.

11. A pump of the class using liquid in its pumping action, comprising a housing, pumping mechanism mounted in said housing comprising a s tor defining a pump chamber, a cone and a porijplate, a rotor revoluble on said cone within sai chamber, said cone and port plate defining inlet and discharge passages cooperative with said rotor, and inlet and discharge piping mounted to communicate with said passages, said inlet and outlet piping being turned substantially at right angles to said port plate, at points immediately adjacent thereto, said frame member being shaped to support said stator and to provide ready access to the elements of said pumping mechanism, and said elements being readily removable and replaceable with respect to said frame'member.

12. A pump unit of the class using liquid in its pumping action, comprising astator having a lobe portion, a rotor in said stator, a cone and' a port plate providing an inlet and outlet for the stator and a bearing for the rotor, and means to adjust said port plate to vary the inlet andoutlet relative to said lobe portion, whereby to accommodate variations in pressures handled by the pump 13. A pump of the class using liquid in its pumping action, comprising a frame member,

and pumping mechanism mounted in said frame member comprising a stator having a lobe por tions and a socket in said port plate.

14. A pump of the class using liquid in its V pumping action and having inlet and outletmeans, said pump comprising a frame member, pumping mechanism mounted therein comprising a stator definitive of a pump chamber having a lobe portion, a'rotor operable within said lobe portion, a cone providing a bearing therefor, and

a port plate, said port plate forming" a closure member for thewpump chamber at one side of said lobe portion, a closure plate positioned at the opposite side of said lobe portion from said port plate effective to complete said pump chamber, a driving shaft mounted in said frame member and having an end portion projected into said pump chamber and keyed to said rotor, said last named closure plate being formed with a hub extending outwardly of said pump chamber and encasing said shaft, said frame member being shaped to support said stator and to provideready access to the elements of said pumping mechanism, and said elements being'readily removable and replaceable with respect to said I 4 frame member. I

15'. A pump of the class using'liquid in its pumping action, comprising a base, a housing rigid therewith, having a pumping mechanism I tion within the 9 housing.

'16. A pump. of the class using liquid in its pumping action, comprising a frame member, and

pumping mechanism carried on said frame member including a pump chamber, a rotor in said chamber, a'cone and a port plate providing an inlet and outlet for said chamber and a bearing for the rotor, the elements of said pumping mechanismbeing constructed of chemically resistant and abrasive resistant material, said fname member being shaped to support said pump chamber ing readily removable and replaceable with respect to said frame member.

17. A pump of the class using liquid in its pumping action, comprising a frame member and pumping mechanism mounted in said frame member comprising a stator definitive of a pump chamber having a lobe portion, a rotor operable therein, and a combined cone and port plate providing an inlet and outlet for the stator, and a bearing for the rotor, said cone and port plate being formed in two parts to facilitate casting thereof, said frame member being shaped to provide ready access to the elements ,of said pumping mechanism, and said elements being readily removable and replaceable with respect to said frame member.

18.A pump of the class using liquid in its pumping action, comprising a frame member, and pumping mechanism mounted in said frame member comprising a stator having a lobe portion, a rotor in said stator, a cone and a port plate providing an inlet and outlet for the stator, and a bearing for the rotor, and means including a passage extending from the exterior of the cone to the interior thereof, to introduce a sealing fluid under pressure to the interior of the. cone and thence to the interior of said lobe portion whereby to seal running clearances between the rotor and the cone, and the rotor and lobe portion.

19. A pump of the class using liquid in its pumping action, comprising a stator defining a pump chamber, arotor operable in said chamber, and a drive shaft for said rotor mounted in bearings externally of said chamber and having a portion extending into said pump chairiber, for supporting and driving said rotor, and means movable with said shaft to deflect fluid handled by said pump from said bearings, and to minimize leakage of such fluid along said shaft..

20. A pump of the class using liquid in its pumping action, comprising a stator defining a pump chamber, a rotor operable in said chamber, and a drive shaft for said rotor mounted in bearings externally of said chamber and having a portion extending into said pump chamber, for supporting and driving said rotor, packing means adjacent the point of entry of said shaft into said chamber, and centrifugal means, additional to said packing means, to deflect fluid handled by said pump from said bearings, said centrifugal means being eifective to minimize leakage of such fluid along said shaft. 1

21. A pumpof the class using liquid in its pumping action, comprising a stator defining a pump chamber, a rotor operable in said chamber, and a drive shaft for said rotor mounted in bearingsexternally of said chamber and having a portion extending into said pump chamber, for supporting and driving said rotor, packing means adjacent the point of entry of said pump chamber, a rotor operable in said chamber, and a drive shaft for said rotor mounted in bearings externally of said chamber and havin a portion extending into said pump chamber, for supporting and driving said rotor, packing means adjacent the point of entry of said shaft into said chamber, centrifugal means, additional to said packing means, todeflect fluid handled by said pump from said bearings, and to minimize leakage of such fluid'along said shaft, said centrifugal means including a sleeve encompassingthe shaft at a locatian adjacent said packing means and formed with external fluid receiving grooves, and means to receive and collect fluid from said sleeve.

23. A pump of the class using liquid in its pumping action, comprising a base, a pump casing carried thereby and pumping mechanism mounted in said casing, said pumping mechanism including a stator defining a pump cham-. ber and a rotor therein removable from said casing, shaft bearings mounted on said base, a drive shaft for saidrotor supported in said bearings and having a portion extending into driving engagement with the rotor in said chamber, and means to deflect fluid handled by said pump from said bearings and said shaft, comprising a sleeve surrounding said shaft and engageable with the rotor and with a bearing, said sleeve including grooves effective to receive and, by centrifugal force, throw off any-fluid leaking.

- thereto.

24. A pump of the class using liquid in its pumping action, comprising a base, a pump casing carried thereby and pumping mechanism mounted in said casing, said pumping mechanism including a stator defining a pump chamber and a rotor therein removable from said casing, shaft bearings mounted on said base, a

drive shaft for said rotor supportedin said bearings and having a portion extending into driving engagement with the rotor, in said chamber, means to deflect fluid handled by said pump from said bearings and said shaft, comprising a sleeve surrounding said shaft and engageable with the rotor and with a bearing, said sleeve including grooves effective to receive and, by centrifugal force, throw off any fluid leaking thereto, and a chamber positioned to receive and collect the deflected fluid.

25. A pump of the class using liquid in its pumping action, comprising a frame member, pumping mechanism carried by said frame member including -a\ pump chamber, a rotor operable therein, a cone and a port plate providing an inlet and outlet for the chamber and a bearing for the rotor, the elements of said pumping mechanism being constructed of chemically resistant and abrasive resistant material, a drive shaft for said rotor mounted in bearings on said frame member, and means to prevent fluid handled by said pumping mechanism from getting into said bearings and from leaking along said shaft.

26. A pump of the class using liquid in its pumping action, comprising a frame member and pumping mechanism mounted in said frame member, comprising a stator definitive of a pump chamber having a lobe portion, a rotor operable therein, a combined cone, port plate, and inlet and discharge conduits therefor, providing an inlet and outlet for'the stator, and a bearing for the rotor, said frame member being shaped to support and to provide ready access to the elements of said pumping mechanism, and the elements of said cone, plate and conas such from said frame member.

pumping action, comprising a frame member,

. and pumping mechanism mounted in said frame member comprising a stator definitive of a pump chamber having a. lobe portion, a rotor operable therein, and a combined cone and port plate providing an inlet and outlet for the stator, and a bearing for the rotor, said cone and port plate being formed in two parts to facilitate castin thereof, the elements of said combined cone and port plate being assembled as a unit and removable as such from said frame member.

28. A pump of the class using liquid in its pumping action, comprising a frame member,

and pumping mechanism mounted in said frame member comprising a stator definitive of a selfcontained pump chamber having a lobe portion,

a. rotor voperable therein, a cone providing an inlet and outlet for'the stator, and a bearing for the rotor, said frame member being shaped to support said stator and to provide ready access to the elements of the pumping mechanism, and inlet and outlet piping issuing directly from said cone exteriorly of said frame member.

29. A pump of the class using liquid in its pumping action, comprising a frame member, and pumping mechanism mounted in said frame member comprising a stator definit ve of a selfcontained pump chamber having a lobe portion, a rotor operable therein, a cone providing an inlet and outlet for the .stator, and a bearing for the rotor, said frame member being shaped to support said stator and to provide ready access to the elements of the pumping mechanism, and inlet and outlet piping issuing directly from said cone exteriorly of said frame member, said cone and piping being formed in two parts'to facilitate casting thereof.

HAROLD E. ADAMS.

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