US2221184A - Production of textile materials - Google Patents
Production of textile materials Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2221184A US2221184A US2221184DA US2221184A US 2221184 A US2221184 A US 2221184A US 2221184D A US2221184D A US 2221184DA US 2221184 A US2221184 A US 2221184A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- yarn
- cotton
- materials
- production
- yarns
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title description 42
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 title description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 12
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 14
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon tetrachloride Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229920002301 Cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004627 regenerated cellulose Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006266 etherification reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- WETWJCDKMRHUPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetyl chloride Chemical compound CC(Cl)=O WETWJCDKMRHUPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N HCl Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L Zinc chloride Chemical class [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 125000000218 acetic acid group Chemical group C(C)(=O)* 0.000 description 4
- WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic anhydride Chemical compound CC(=O)OC(C)=O WFDIJRYMOXRFFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 4
- NZYOAGBNMCVQIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;chloro-(4-methylphenyl)sulfonylazanide;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Na+].CC1=CC=C(S(=O)(=O)[N-]Cl)C=C1 NZYOAGBNMCVQIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- RNZSUFNTAWGTJP-CZYCKNNWSA-N (3E)-3-[[4-[4-[(2E)-2-(3-carboxy-4-oxocyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene)hydrazinyl]phenyl]phenyl]hydrazinylidene]-6-oxocyclohexa-1,4-diene-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(=O)C(C(=O)O)=C\C1=N\NC1=CC=C(C=2C=CC(N\N=C/3C=C(C(=O)C=C\3)C(O)=O)=CC=2)C=C1 RNZSUFNTAWGTJP-CZYCKNNWSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LHYQAEFVHIZFLR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 4-(4-diazonio-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-methoxybenzenediazonium;dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].C1=C([N+]#N)C(OC)=CC(C=2C=C(OC)C([N+]#N)=CC=2)=C1 LHYQAEFVHIZFLR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012346 acetyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003377 acid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001350 alkyl halides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940053200 antiepileptics Fatty acid derivatives Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- YHASWHZGWUONAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N butanoyl butanoate Chemical class CCCC(=O)OC(=O)CCC YHASWHZGWUONAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atoms Chemical group C* 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002895 organic esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- IVNZBWNBYXERPK-DZGBHZPSSA-K trisodium;(8Z)-7-oxo-8-[(4-sulfonatonaphthalen-1-yl)hydrazinylidene]naphthalene-1,3-disulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].C1=CC=C2C(N\N=C3/C(=O)C=CC=4C=C(C=C(C=43)S([O-])(=O)=O)S(=O)(=O)[O-])=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C2=C1 IVNZBWNBYXERPK-DZGBHZPSSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
- D06M13/184—Carboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
- D06M13/188—Monocarboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B3/00—Preparation of cellulose esters of organic acids
- C08B3/06—Cellulose acetate, e.g. mono-acetate, di-acetate or tri-acetate
Definitions
- the degree of afllnity of one type of material may differ from that of another type of material, and indeed the degree of aflinity of the same type of material may vary according to the processes to which it has been subjected.
- the degree of aflinity of mercerised cotton may be different from that of unmercerised cotton
- that of artificial cellulosic materials obtained by the saponification of ordinary dry spun cellulose acetate yarn may be different from that of such materials obtained by the saponiiication of stretched cellulose acetate yarn.
- difliculty may arise when it is desired to colour articles containing two or more types of cellulosic materials in a solid shade as, for example, in the dyeing of hose, in which the tops and feet are frequently of cotton and the legs of regenerated cellulose yarn.
- regenerated cellulose yarn obtained by the viscose and cuprammonium processes usually has more afllnity for cotton dyestufis than has cotton yarn, so that when these types of materials are to be combined in the production of an article it is the regenerated cellulose yarn which is esterified or etherified.
- the exact degree of esterification or etherification of course depends upon the particular circumstances, especially upon the two types of materials which are to be combined, but in general the degree of esterification or etherification necessary corresponds to a weight increase of 5% or less, particularly about 1.5 to 2.5%.
- the invention includes the process of modifying the aflinity of cellulosic yarn, the production of fabrics and other materials containing purely cellulosic yarns and the modified yarns, and the process of colouring the,fabrics and other ma-' terials in solid. shades with cotton dyestuffs,
- acetic anhydride is acetic anhydride, though otheresterifying agents, for example acetyl chloride, propionic and butyric anhydrides and other lower fatty acid derivatives, 1. e. of an acid containing not more than six carbon atoms may, if desired,
- Etherifying agents e. g. ethylwhich are ferric, stannic and zinc chlorides, pref erably used in conjunction with hydrochloric acid or a small proportion of acid chloride.
- Acid catalysts such as sulphuric acid or perchloric acid may be used, but they are in general less suitable, and if employed should be used at low temperatures and in a low concentration.
- acid chlorides or alkyl halides or sulphates are employed, preferably a small proportion of basic substance, which may be organic or inorganic, is present to neutralise the acid formed during the reaction.
- Cotton yarn in hank form is first boiled for about 4-6 hours in a 1% solution of caustic soda at a temperature of to C. and washed off well. It is then treated for 20 to 30 minutes at about 30 C. in a 1% solution of sodium hypochlorite. The are then drained, treated Parts Carbon tetrachloride 57.5 Acetic anhydri 30 Acetic acid 11.5 Acetyl chlor 1 Zinc chloride 1 After completion of the treatment the yarn is removed from the bath, washed ofi with carbon tetrachloride and air-dried. Finally, it is washed off in 5% acetic acid followed by a weak ammonia bath and dried.
- the invention includes all kinds of mixed textile materials containing purely cellulosic yarns and the modified yarns.
- the two types of yarns may be present in doubled yarns or in ,a woven, knitted or netted fabric.
- the weft may consist wholly of one type of yarn and the warp wholly of the other type of yarn or both types of yarn maybe in the weft and/or in the warp.
- the mixed textile materials may be dyed with any suitable cotton dyestuffs but it will be understood that the particular dyestufi employed will depend to some extent on the proportion and 1 nature of the organic substituent radicle present in the modified textile material.
- dyestufls which may be employed are Chrysamine G (Colour Index No. 410), Chlorazol'Black LF (Colour Index No. 582), and the following dyestuffs described in Farbstofitabellen by Gustav Schultz, 1932, vol. 2, 7th edition, on the pages given in parenthesis following their names: Chlorazol Brown PB (p. 50), Diamine Brilliant Scar let S (p. 68), Diamine Fast Blue FFG (p. 69) and Diamine Green HS (p.70).
- Process for the production from at least two types of cellulosic yarns having different a'flinities for cotton dyestuffs of textile products-capable of being dyed a solid shade with said dyestuffs which comprises introducing into the yarns having the greater affinity for said dyestufis acetyl radicles in a proportion corresponding with a weight increase of "from 1.5 to 2.5% whereby their aflinity is reduced to that of the yarns having the lowest aflinity and then forming the products from the modified and unmodified'yarns.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Coloring (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
Description
Patented Nov. 12, 1940 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE PRODUCTION OF TEXTILE MATERIALS tion of Delaware No Drawing. Application October 22, 1938, Se-
rial No. 236,576. In Great Britain November 2 Claims.
the saponification of textile materials made of cellulose acetate or other organic esters of cellulose. While all these celluosic materials have an afiinity for cotton dyestuffs, the degree of afllnity of one type of material may differ from that of another type of material, and indeed the degree of aflinity of the same type of material may vary according to the processes to which it has been subjected. Thus, for example, the degree of aflinity of mercerised cotton may be different from that of unmercerised cotton, and that of artificial cellulosic materials obtained by the saponification of ordinary dry spun cellulose acetate yarn may be different from that of such materials obtained by the saponiiication of stretched cellulose acetate yarn.
In consequence of the different aflinities of the various types of cellulosic materials, difliculty may arise when it is desired to colour articles containing two or more types of cellulosic materials in a solid shade as, for example, in the dyeing of hose, in which the tops and feet are frequently of cotton and the legs of regenerated cellulose yarn.
It has now been discovered that the dyeing difliculties referred to above may be avoided by subjecting the materials having the greater affinity for cotton dyestuffs to an esterification or etherification process, so as to introduce a small proportion of organic radicle into the materials. In general, when only two types of cellulosic materials are to be employed in the production of an article it is necessary to esterify or etherify only the constituent which has the greater affinity for the cotton dyestufl. Thus, for example, in general cotton has a greater aifinity for cotton dyestuffs than has regenerated cellulose yarn obtained by the saponification of stretched cellulose acetate yarn, and in such a case the cotton yarn is slightly esterified or etherified. 0n the other hand, regenerated cellulose yarn obtained by the viscose and cuprammonium processes usually has more afllnity for cotton dyestufis than has cotton yarn, so that when these types of materials are to be combined in the production of an article it is the regenerated cellulose yarn which is esterified or etherified. The exact degree of esterification or etherification of course depends upon the particular circumstances, especially upon the two types of materials which are to be combined, but in general the degree of esterification or etherification necessary corresponds to a weight increase of 5% or less, particularly about 1.5 to 2.5%.
The invention includes the process of modifying the aflinity of cellulosic yarn, the production of fabrics and other materials containing purely cellulosic yarns and the modified yarns, and the process of colouring the,fabrics and other ma-' terials in solid. shades with cotton dyestuffs,
The most suitable agent for treatment of the materials is acetic anhydride, though otheresterifying agents, for example acetyl chloride, propionic and butyric anhydrides and other lower fatty acid derivatives, 1. e. of an acid containing not more than six carbon atoms may, if desired,
be employed. Etherifying agents, e. g. ethylwhich are ferric, stannic and zinc chlorides, pref erably used in conjunction with hydrochloric acid or a small proportion of acid chloride. Acid catalysts such as sulphuric acid or perchloric acid may be used, but they are in general less suitable, and if employed should be used at low temperatures and in a low concentration. It acid chlorides or alkyl halides or sulphates are employed, preferably a small proportion of basic substance, which may be organic or inorganic, is present to neutralise the acid formed during the reaction.
The following is an example of the treatment of cotton according to the process of the present invention in order to reduce slightly its aflinity for cotton dyestuffs:
' Cotton yarn in hank form is first boiled for about 4-6 hours in a 1% solution of caustic soda at a temperature of to C. and washed off well. It is then treated for 20 to 30 minutes at about 30 C. in a 1% solution of sodium hypochlorite. The are then drained, treated Parts Carbon tetrachloride 57.5 Acetic anhydri 30 Acetic acid 11.5 Acetyl chlor 1 Zinc chloride 1 After completion of the treatment the yarn is removed from the bath, washed ofi with carbon tetrachloride and air-dried. Finally, it is washed off in 5% acetic acid followed by a weak ammonia bath and dried.
The inventionincludes all kinds of mixed textile materials containing purely cellulosic yarns and the modified yarns. Thus, for example, the two types of yarns may be present in doubled yarns or in ,a woven, knitted or netted fabric. In the case of woven fabrics the weft may consist wholly of one type of yarn and the warp wholly of the other type of yarn or both types of yarn maybe in the weft and/or in the warp.
The mixed textile materials may be dyed with any suitable cotton dyestuffs but it will be understood that the particular dyestufi employed will depend to some extent on the proportion and 1 nature of the organic substituent radicle present in the modified textile material. Examples of dyestufls which may be employed are Chrysamine G (Colour Index No. 410), Chlorazol'Black LF (Colour Index No. 582), and the following dyestuffs described in Farbstofitabellen by Gustav Schultz, 1932, vol. 2, 7th edition, on the pages given in parenthesis following their names: Chlorazol Brown PB (p. 50), Diamine Brilliant Scar let S (p. 68), Diamine Fast Blue FFG (p. 69) and Diamine Green HS (p.70). I
. Having described our invention what we desire to secure by Letters Patent is:
1. Process for the production from at least two types of cellulosic yarns having different a'flinities for cotton dyestuffs of textile products-capable of being dyed a solid shade with said dyestuffs, which comprises introducing into the yarns having the greater affinity for said dyestufis acetyl radicles in a proportion corresponding with a weight increase of "from 1.5 to 2.5% whereby their aflinity is reduced to that of the yarns having the lowest aflinity and then forming the products from the modified and unmodified'yarns.
2. Textile products capable of being dyed a solid shade with a cotton dyestufl and containing a purely cellulosic yarn and at least one type of modified cellulosic yarn containing an acetyl radicle in a proportion corresponding with a weight increase of from 1.5 to 2.5% whereby the modified yarn has a degree of aflinity for cotton dyestufls equal to that possessed by the purely. cellulosic yarn.
GEORGE HOLLAND ELLIS. ROBERT WIGHTON MONCRIEFF.
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2221184A true US2221184A (en) | 1940-11-12 |
Family
ID=3431550
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US2221184D Expired - Lifetime US2221184A (en) | Production of textile materials |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2221184A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2429644A (en) * | 1940-08-08 | 1947-10-28 | Joseph G Denny Jr | Art of esterification |
-
0
- US US2221184D patent/US2221184A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2429644A (en) * | 1940-08-08 | 1947-10-28 | Joseph G Denny Jr | Art of esterification |
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