US2221116A - Degenerative amplifier circuit - Google Patents

Degenerative amplifier circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
US2221116A
US2221116A US202825A US20282538A US2221116A US 2221116 A US2221116 A US 2221116A US 202825 A US202825 A US 202825A US 20282538 A US20282538 A US 20282538A US 2221116 A US2221116 A US 2221116A
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United States
Prior art keywords
voltage
amplifier
transformer
tube
frequencies
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Expired - Lifetime
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US202825A
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English (en)
Inventor
Six Willem
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RCA Corp
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RCA Corp
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C28/00—Alloys based on a metal not provided for in groups C22C5/00 - C22C27/00
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F1/00—Details of amplifiers with only discharge tubes, only semiconductor devices or only unspecified devices as amplifying elements
    • H03F1/34—Negative-feedback-circuit arrangements with or without positive feedback
    • H03F1/36—Negative-feedback-circuit arrangements with or without positive feedback in discharge-tube amplifiers

Definitions

  • Patented Nov. 12, 1940 1. :;1-:-:...
  • This invention relates 'to amplifiers provided with degenerative back-coupling in orde r to de crease the non-linear deformation occurring-in the amplifier. a
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically afnegative feedbackcircuit for the purpose of analysis
  • Fig. 2 is a graphic analysis of the action for the feedback circuit of Fig. 1, 4 I j
  • Fig. 3 is a graphic analysis of the problem sought to be solved by this invention
  • Fig. 4 illustrates a circuit embodying' theinjvention.
  • J i Fig. 1 represents an amplifier V. comprising input terminals I and 2, to Which'iSl supplied the Voltage e1 to be amplified, andoutput terminals 3 and 4 between which occurs the amplified voltage 62.
  • V comprising input terminals I and 2
  • I and 4 to Which'iSl supplied the Voltage e1 to be amplified
  • output terminals 3 and 4 between which occurs the amplified voltage 62.
  • a' and p and consequently also the product 5 are complex values which are dependent on the frequency and may be represented by vectors.
  • the locus of the end point of the vector 3 for all frequencies between 0 and 00 will then be given, for instance, by the curve A shown in Fig. 2, which is so constructed that the horizontal coordinate measured on the X-axis and the perpendicular coordinate measured on the Y-axis of any point of the curve respectively correspond to the real and imaginary part of the complex value s respectively.
  • ratio may be represented. by a complex value v) is represented :by the curve B of Fig-.3v which similarly to the curve A shown in Fig-231s constructed. so that the coordinates of-anypoint of the curve measured on the X and the Y-axisindicate the real and imaginary part respectively of the ratio 1;. jv '1.
  • Transformers used in amplifiers are proportionedsolthat the absolute value of the voltage ratio .12 in the range of frequencies to be uni formly amplified'is about constant.
  • the lowest frequency'cf this range is represented by If and th'ehighest frequency coinciding with theleakage resonance frequency of the transformer byxfz. 1' Consequently the length of the vector v is substantially "constant between these limits,. whereas for the "frequencies higher than fzthelength of '12 rapidly decreases.
  • the phase displacement between the primary and the secondary voltage amounts to 90 at the leakage resonance frequency.
  • the amplifier B1 has the input voltage e1 applied between input terminals I and 2.
  • the transformer T1 couples the plate circuit of B1 to the input electrodes of the following amplifier B2.
  • Transformer T2 is schematically represented, but it is to be understood as comprising a split primary winding.
  • One section P1 of the primary has its upper end connected to the plate of amplifier B2, while its lower end is connected to the positive terminal of the direct current source (not shown).
  • the second primary section P2 Fig. 2 so has one end connected to the grounded end of the current source, while the opposite end thereof is connected to the cathode leads of tubes B1 and B2.
  • Resistor R connects the cathode of amplifier B1 to ground.
  • the secondary winding S feeds the output voltage e2 to terminals 3 and 4.
  • the direct current source it will be seen, is in series relation between the primary sections P1 and P2.
  • the alternating voltage across winding P2 is impressed between the input electrodes of B1. The problem is to accomplish the degenerative feedback without oscillation production.
  • the leakage resonance frequency of one of the two transformers T1 and T2 eX- ceeds the leakage resonance frequency of the other transformer and the range of frequencies to be amplified is limited by the lowest leakage resonance frequency.
  • the total phase displacement caused by the two transformers in the range of frequencies to be amplified is less then 180 andsince the voltage transmission of the transformer with a low leakage resonance frequency rapidly decreases for frequencies exceeding the leakage resonance, the absolute value of l+,u,8 will also rapidly decrease for these frequencies.
  • the leakage resonance frequencies it is possible by a suitable choice of the leakage resonance frequencies to give the curve A in Fig. 2 traced by the vector 1
  • an amplifier for uniformly amplifying alternating voltage of a range of frequencies, voltage input terminals and output terminals, said amplifier comprising a pair of cascaded tubes, the first ofthe tubes having its input electrodes connected to said input terminals, a transformer coupling the output electrodes of the first tube to the input electrodes of the second tube, a second transformer coupling the second tube output electrodes to said output terminals, said second transformer including a section thereof coupled to said first tube input electrodes to feed back voltage in degenerative phase, said transformers having leakage resonance frequencies which are sufiiciently different to prevent said feed back causing oscillation.
  • an amplifier for uniformly amplifying alternating voltage of a range of frequencies, voltage input terminals and output terminals, said amplifier comprising a pair of cascaded tubes, the firstof the tubes having its input electrodes connected to said input terminals, a transformer coupling the output electrodes of the first tube to the input electrodes of the second tube, a second transformer coupling the second tube output electrodes to said output terminals, said second transformer including a section thereof coupled to said first tube input electrodes to feed back voltage in degenerative phase, said transformers having leakage resonance frequencies which are sufilciently different to prevent said fee d back causing oscillation, one of said transformers having its said leakage resonance frequency located substantially beyond the highest frequency of said frequency range.
  • an amplifier for uniformly amplifying alternating voltage of a range of frequencies, voltage input terminals and output terminals, said amplifier comprising a pair of cascaded tubes, the first of the tubes having its input electrodes connected tosaid input terminals, a transformer coupling the output electrodes of the first tube to the input electrodes of the second tube, a second transformer coupling the second tube output electrodes to said output terminals, said second transformer including a section thereof coupled to said first tube input electrodes to feed back voltage in degenerativephase, said transformers having leakage resonance frequencies which are sufficiently different to prevent said feedback causing .oscillation both said leakage resonance frequencies being located at the upper end of said frequency range, and the lower of the leakage frequencies limiting said. range.
  • an alternating voltage amplifier network of the type including at least two electron discharge tubes coupled in cascade by a transformer, an output transformer coupled to the second tube output electrodes, and a degenerative voltage feedback connection between said output transformer and the input electrodes of the first tube; the improvement which comprises said coupling and output transformers having sufficiently different leakage resonance frequencies to prevent the production of oscillations in said amplifier.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Amplifiers (AREA)
  • Housings And Mounting Of Transformers (AREA)
US202825A 1937-05-24 1938-04-19 Degenerative amplifier circuit Expired - Lifetime US2221116A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE206312X 1937-05-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2221116A true US2221116A (en) 1940-11-12

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ID=5791826

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US202825A Expired - Lifetime US2221116A (en) 1937-05-24 1938-04-19 Degenerative amplifier circuit

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US2221116A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
BE (1) BE428227A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH (1) CH206312A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
FR (1) FR838319A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
GB (1) GB497555A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3038125A (en) * 1958-04-18 1962-06-05 Philips Corp Negative feedback circuit

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2752433A (en) * 1948-06-30 1956-06-26 Emi Ltd Negative feedback amplifiers
GB853672A (en) * 1957-01-21 1960-11-09 Modern Telephones Great Britai Improvements in or relating to transistor amplifiers

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3038125A (en) * 1958-04-18 1962-06-05 Philips Corp Negative feedback circuit

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE428227A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
CH206312A (de) 1939-07-31
FR838319A (fr) 1939-03-02
GB497555A (en) 1938-12-21

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