US2220887A - Electrolytic condenser - Google Patents
Electrolytic condenser Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2220887A US2220887A US189878A US18987838A US2220887A US 2220887 A US2220887 A US 2220887A US 189878 A US189878 A US 189878A US 18987838 A US18987838 A US 18987838A US 2220887 A US2220887 A US 2220887A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- condenser
- anode
- condensers
- unit
- container
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- YAFQFNOUYXZVPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N liproxstatin-1 Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(CNC=2C3(CCNCC3)NC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)=C1 YAFQFNOUYXZVPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/145—Liquid electrolytic capacitors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/004—Details
- H01G9/04—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon
- H01G9/048—Electrodes or formation of dielectric layers thereon characterised by their structure
Definitions
- My invention relates to electrolytic con densers, and moreparticularly to condensers in; which the electrodes are rolled, wound or folded together with the interposition of an electrolyte 5 absorbing material to form a condenser unit which is housed in a container.
- So-called dry electrolytic condensers i. e. condensers in which a dry or pasty electrolyte is carried by an absorbent layer which acts as a spacer betwen the electrodes, have the advantage that .the series resistance is low because the distance between the electrodes is generally small and of the order of about 0.15 to 0.3 mm. In such condensers the electrolyte cannot freely flow so as to reach a breakdown point, and as a result the self-healing eifect of such condensers is appreciably reduced.
- the series resistanca is more or less dependent upon the temperature.
- wet electrolytic condensers have th advantage that they are self-healing to a high degree.
- the object of my invention is to eliminate the above disadvantages and to producean electrolytic condenser which has all the advantages has none of their disadvantages.
- Another object of my invention is to produce an electrolytic condenser, which is self-healing to a high degree, and has a series resistance which is low and independent of temperature to a high degree.
- I use peri'orated electrodes, which are wound, rolled or stacked". with the interposition of an absorbent layer, and provide the condenser with a supply of a liquid electrolyte.
- Fig. 2 is an enlarged view along line 22 of Figure 1.
- the electrolytic condenser illustrated in the drawing comprises a cup-shaped metal container 8, whose upper end is provided with a pro tuberance H. Secured to the lower end of the container in a liquid-tight manner by means of gasket Ill, for instance of rubber, is a member t oi. insulating material having an externallythreaded projecting portion H which serves to secure the condenser to a panel.
- Rlveted to member 4 is a supporting rod I provided with an axial slot IS.
- the bottom end of rod i is provided with a flange 3 having a corrugated surface bearing upon gasket ID to efiect a liquid-tight. seal.
- a lug 6 is riveted under the end of pin l at5 and serves as an anode connection for the condenser.
- a rubber band i3 encircles protuberance II to normally close apertures It provided .therein.
- a condenser unit or roll B comprising an anode I! and a cathode i8 in the form of metal strips, for instance of alumi- 5 num, provided with a large number of apertures 20. Between anode I! and cathode l8 are strips i6 of liquid absorbent material, such as cotton fabric.
- the winding is so eflected that the distance d between the anode l1 and cathode l8 varies generally between the thickness 13 of the spacer l6 and two to about three times the thickness t.
- the distance between the cathode and anode is in direct contact with the spacer, and where the distance between them is therefore equal to t.
- the winding is eflected however so loosely, that at other places the distance may be even about three timw the thickness t.
- the anode i1 is provided with a dielectric film which may be formed either before or after it is wound into the roll.
- the cathode I8 is provided with a lip 1 which is secured to container 8 at A, for instance by spotwelding.
- the container is filled to a level above the roll B with a suitable liquid electrolyte I9, such as a solution of 20 grams of borax' and 40 grams of boric acid per liter of water.
- the electrolyte can readily reach all portions of the filming surface and thus the condenser has high self-healing properties. Furthermore, because of the use of cathode strip is and anode strip I1, and because these strips are spaced apart at distances which are small and substantially constant the series resistance of the condenser is very low and does not vary to a large degree with temperature.
- said members and layers being loosely wound into a compact unit with the distance between adjacent surfaces of the members varying between one to three times the thickness of the interposed porous layer and with spaces existing between the layers and members at some points of the unit, a liquid electrolyte filling the space between the unit and the container, the perforations and the spaces between the layers and members, a conductor connected to one of said electrode members, and a second conductor connected to the other electrode member and supporting said unit from the container.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Description
Nov. 12, 1940. A. F. P. J. cLAAssEN ELECTROLYTIC CONDENSER Filed Feb. 10, 1938 Patented Nov. 12, 1940 UNITED- STATES PATENT OFFICE ELECTROLYTIC CONDENSER Application February 10, 1938, Serial No. 189,87d In Germany February 13, 1937 1 Claim.
My invention relates to electrolytic con densers, and moreparticularly to condensers in; which the electrodes are rolled, wound or folded together with the interposition of an electrolyte 5 absorbing material to form a condenser unit which is housed in a container.
So-called dry" electrolytic condensers, i. e. condensers in which a dry or pasty electrolyte is carried by an absorbent layer which acts as a spacer betwen the electrodes, have the advantage that .the series resistance is low because the distance between the electrodes is generally small and of the order of about 0.15 to 0.3 mm. In such condensers the electrolyte cannot freely flow so as to reach a breakdown point, and as a result the self-healing eifect of such condensers is appreciably reduced.
In contradistinction to dry condensers, wet
- electrolytic condensers have the disadvantage that the series resistance is increased at cer tain points of the anode surface, and consequently the power factor of the condenser may become unduly high. More particularly in such condensers the cathode generally forms the container, and as the anode surface, aiter it has been formed, determines the capacity of the con-=- denser this surface is generally made as large as possible, for instance by giving it a star shape, or by forming the anode of a spirally-wound band. As a result the distance from the cathode through the electrolyte to the anode varies for diii'erent'points on the anode. Furthermore, in such condensers the series resistancais more or less dependent upon the temperature. On the other hand, wet electrolytic condensers have th advantage that they are self-healing to a high degree.
The object of my invention is to eliminate the above disadvantages and to producean electrolytic condenser which has all the advantages has none of their disadvantages.
Another object of my invention is to produce an electrolytic condenser, which is self-healing to a high degree, and has a series resistance which is low and independent of temperature to a high degree.
Further objects of my invention will appear as the description progresses.
In accordance with the invention I use peri'orated electrodes, which are wound, rolled or stacked". with the interposition of an absorbent layer, and provide the condenser with a supply of a liquid electrolyte.
with such a construction the condenser not of both dry and'wet electrolytic condensers, but
only has a very low series resistance due to the close spacing of the electrodes, but also is selihealing to a high degree because the liquid elec trolyte can readily reach all portions of the filming surface. This admission of the electrolyte is further improved by the fact that there will be spaces between the electrodes and the spacers as the unit is very loosely wounded.
In this way practically a wet condenser is obtained, however the advantages of the dry condenser are maintained in so far that the unit is obtained by winding electrodes in the form of foils separated by a spacer together to a. unit.
In order that my invention may be clearly un-- derstood and readily carried into effect, I shall describe the same more fully with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which:
Figure 1 is a partly-sectionized view of an elec-= trolytic condenser according to the invention; and
Fig. 2 is an enlarged view along line 22 of Figure 1.
The electrolytic condenser illustrated in the drawing comprises a cup-shaped metal container 8, whose upper end is provided with a pro tuberance H. Secured to the lower end of the container in a liquid-tight manner by means of gasket Ill, for instance of rubber, is a member t oi. insulating material having an externallythreaded projecting portion H which serves to secure the condenser to a panel.
Rlveted to member 4 is a supporting rod I provided with an axial slot IS. The bottom end of rod i is provided with a flange 3 having a corrugated surface bearing upon gasket ID to efiect a liquid-tight. seal. A lug 6 is riveted under the end of pin l at5 and serves as an anode connection for the condenser.
To allow for the escape of gases developed within the container during Operation, a rubber band i3 encircles protuberance II to normally close apertures It provided .therein.
Supported by rod I is a condenser unit or roll B comprising an anode I! and a cathode i8 in the form of metal strips, for instance of alumi- 5 num, provided with a large number of apertures 20. Between anode I! and cathode l8 are strips i6 of liquid absorbent material, such as cotton fabric.
stood to mean that the winding is so eflected that the distance d between the anode l1 and cathode l8 varies generally between the thickness 13 of the spacer l6 and two to about three times the thickness t. Of course there will be places in the unit where the cathode and anode are in direct contact with the spacer, and where the distance between them is therefore equal to t. The winding is eflected however so loosely, that at other places the distance may be even about three timw the thickness t.
The anode i1 is provided with a dielectric film which may be formed either before or after it is wound into the roll. As shown in Fig. 1, the cathode I8 is provided with a lip 1 which is secured to container 8 at A, for instance by spotwelding. The container is filled to a level above the roll B with a suitable liquid electrolyte I9, such as a solution of 20 grams of borax' and 40 grams of boric acid per liter of water.
It will be noted that because of the loose winding of the electrodes and the presence of apertures 20, the electrolyte can readily reach all portions of the filming surface and thus the condenser has high self-healing properties. Furthermore, because of the use of cathode strip is and anode strip I1, and because these strips are spaced apart at distances which are small and substantially constant the series resistance of the condenser is very low and does not vary to a large degree with temperature.
While I have described my invention in conand forming a space between the side of the unit and the wall of the container, said unit comprising two large surface-area members acting as an anode and a cathode respectively and both being provided along substantially their entire length with a large number of perforations, and layers of porous material between said members. said members and layers being loosely wound into a compact unit with the distance between adjacent surfaces of the members varying between one to three times the thickness of the interposed porous layer and with spaces existing between the layers and members at some points of the unit, a liquid electrolyte filling the space between the unit and the container, the perforations and the spaces between the layers and members, a conductor connected to one of said electrode members, and a second conductor connected to the other electrode member and supporting said unit from the container.
ANTHONY FREDERIK PETER JOHANNES CLAASBEN.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2220887X | 1937-02-13 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2220887A true US2220887A (en) | 1940-11-12 |
Family
ID=7990830
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US189878A Expired - Lifetime US2220887A (en) | 1937-02-13 | 1938-02-10 | Electrolytic condenser |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US2220887A (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2535945A (en) * | 1946-04-10 | 1950-12-26 | American Condenser Co | Dry electrolytic condenser |
US2673955A (en) * | 1947-10-27 | 1954-03-30 | Samuel D Warren | Alternating current electrolytic condenser |
US2686892A (en) * | 1951-06-27 | 1954-08-17 | Samuel D Warren | Electrolytic capacitor and method of constructing the same |
US2929004A (en) * | 1953-09-28 | 1960-03-15 | Samuel D Warren | Electrolytic capacitor and separator therefor |
US3015759A (en) * | 1962-01-02 | Electrolytic wound capacitor | ||
US3670210A (en) * | 1971-03-22 | 1972-06-13 | Sangamo Electric Co | Electrolytic capacitor having a heat dissipating center therefor |
US4598335A (en) * | 1984-01-24 | 1986-07-01 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Impregnated wound capacitor |
-
1938
- 1938-02-10 US US189878A patent/US2220887A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3015759A (en) * | 1962-01-02 | Electrolytic wound capacitor | ||
US2535945A (en) * | 1946-04-10 | 1950-12-26 | American Condenser Co | Dry electrolytic condenser |
US2673955A (en) * | 1947-10-27 | 1954-03-30 | Samuel D Warren | Alternating current electrolytic condenser |
US2686892A (en) * | 1951-06-27 | 1954-08-17 | Samuel D Warren | Electrolytic capacitor and method of constructing the same |
US2929004A (en) * | 1953-09-28 | 1960-03-15 | Samuel D Warren | Electrolytic capacitor and separator therefor |
US3670210A (en) * | 1971-03-22 | 1972-06-13 | Sangamo Electric Co | Electrolytic capacitor having a heat dissipating center therefor |
US4598335A (en) * | 1984-01-24 | 1986-07-01 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Impregnated wound capacitor |
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