US2219665A

US2219665A - Rolling mechanism

Info

Publication number: US2219665A
Application number: US143406A
Authority: US
Inventors: Simons Abraham
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1937-05-19
Filing date: 1937-05-19
Publication date: 1940-10-29
Anticipated expiration: 1957-10-29

Description

A. SIMONS ROLLING MECHANISM Oct. 29, 1940.

' Filed. May 19, 1957 INVENIOR abraham 3111110216 ATTORNEYS.

Patented Oct. 29, 1940 I t H 2,219,665

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,219,665 ROLLING MECHANISM Abraham Simons, New York, N. Y. Application May 19, 1937, Serial No. 143,406 3 Claims. (01. 80-31.1)

My invention relates to a new and improved ing the side opposite to that which is shown in method of rolling material, and to a new and Fig. 1. improved rolling mechanism. The drawing shows a pair of mill rolls 1 and 2 My invention relates particularly to the coldwhich may be of any suitable type. I have not 5 rolling of metal stock, although it is not reshown thescrews or other devices for forcing the stricted to any particular type of rolling. shafts of the mill rolls towards each other in The invention is particularly valuable for rollorder to exert the rolling pressure upon the ing sheet metal stock which is relatively wide stock, as such pressure devices may be of any and which ordinarily has a starting width of conventional type. more than one (1") inch. The bottom mill roll 2 has its shaft provided 10 The invention is particularly useful in conwith a bevel gear 9 which meshes with the bevel nection with the rolling of wide stock having a gear 8. This bevel gear 8 is mounted upon a width of between six (6") inches and sixty shaft which is supported in a suitable bearing B. (60") inches. Said shaft is connected by means of a suitable In rolling wide stock by means of an ordinary friction clutch I, to a shaft of a gear box G, 15 rolling mill, the thickness of the stock is reduced which may be of any suitable speed change type. at each pass, but the increase in the width of The shaft of the bevel gear 6 is also mounted the stock is practically negligible. in a bearing B and it is driven from a shaft-of The invention relates particularly to the rollthe gear box G. The gear box G is provided ing of stock whose width is so great as to make with the usual lever 1a in order to regulate the 20 the increase in width negligible during the rollspeed ratio between the shaft of the bevel gear ing operation. 6 and the shaft of the metal disc 11) of the fric- However, the invention is useful in connection tion clutch l. Said friction clutch 1 is of the with the rolling of all metal stock, even of small usual type having metal discs 1b and In, between width. which there are a suitable number of friction 25 A particular object of the invention is to prodiscs which are held pressed against each other. vide a sufficient back-pull on the stock, anterior The friction clutch may be of any well known to the first pair of mill rolls, so as to lower the type, and any type of coupling which has the effective or screw pressure which is exerted upon function of a friction clutch may be substituted the first pair of mill rollsso as to force the shafts for said clutch. 30

of said mill rolls towards each other. This coupling may be designated as a slip- Another object is to diminish said pressure coupling because it permits the shafts of the upon the mill rolls and likewise to diminish the equal gears 6 and 8 to turn at different angular extrusion effect of said mill rolls. speeds so that said shafts turn at different rev- Another object of the invention is to accomolutions per minute. a 3 5 plish said purposes, or one or more of them,'while In this embodiment the bevel gears 6 and 8 minimizing the power consumption, and even have the same pitch diameters. The shafts of practically eliminating the increased power consaid gears 6 and 8 can be turned at different ansumption which results ordinarily by exerting a gular speeds, or at different numbers of revolu- 0 back-pull upon the stock, anterior to the first tions per minute, y means of the speed chan 40 mechanism and the slip-coupling. This difference in angular speed may be small. Assuming that the bevel gears 6 and 8 have the same pitch pair of mill rolls. The invention may also be applied anterior to the second pair of mill rolls a d anterior to each of the successive airs of n p diameters, the shaft of one said bevel gear may 5 mmrous if desired turn 101 revolutions or 102 revolutions while 4 i other meets the inventmn will be stated the shaft of the. other bevel gear turns 10o revin the annexed description and drawing which illustrate one form of mechanism for utilizing ggi g i gi gfig zgs gsg ggg g gs; mventlon' be only 1% or 2%. This difference in speed-may It will be understood that the drawing is be greater up to any desired limit g y dlagmmmatic- The bevel gear 6 drives the bevel gear 5, which Fig. 1 is a side elevation showing the i p is keyed to the shaft of the first retarding memm q ber 4. Said retarding member 4 is shaped like an F a 2 is a t p v on of Fig. 1. ordinary disc or. pulley. The shaft of the retard- Fig. 3 is a partial side elevation of Fig. 1, showing member is provided with a spur-gear 4a 55 The stock S is led through a suitable adJust-' able friction member F which applies an initial and relatively small frictional retarding efiect upon the stock S. An other device for producing a regulated retarding eflfect may be used.

The retarding effect of device F causes the stock to have firm frictional contact with the connected retarding members, 3 and 4, so that there is little or no slip between the stock and the train of retarding members.

Instead of having only two retarding members 3 and 4, I can have any. desired number, so as to increase the total frictional retarding effect which is produced by the member F and the train of interconnected retarding means.

The peripheries of the retarding members 3 and 4 are made of any suitable material such as steel or other material, so that there is a suitably high coefiicient of friction between the stock and the peripheries of the retarding members 3 and 4. However, there may be some slipping between the stock and the retarding members, without making the device inoperative or non-commercial. I

The shafts D and D' of the mill rolls are driventhrough a. common gear box, by a single motor. This drive for themill rolls I and 2 is not shown in the drawing, because it may be a conventional drive. The mill rolls I and 2 are driven at the same peripheral speed.

It has previously been found that if a retarding and tension efiect is imposed upon the stock anterior to the mill rolls, this makes it possible to reduce the stock between the mill rolls with the use of less pressure upon said mill rolls.

If the retarding effect is very high, such as for example, between ten thousand (10,000) pounds and fifty thousand (50,000) pounds per square inch of the cross section of the stock, if this is steel, this high retarding effect makes it possible greatly to diminish the. pressure upon the mill rolls. The retarding force may be close to and almost equal to the elastic limit of the reduced stock which leaves the mill rolls. The pressure upon the mill rolls may be diminished as high as twenty-five (25%) per cent to thirtyfive (35%) per cent of the pressure which is required, if there'is no substantial retarding effect.

Likewise the use of such a high retarding force diminishes the extrusion effect of'the mill rolls upon the stock. When the rolls reduce the thickness of the stock, they produce in part an extrusion effect, similar to the effect which is 60 produced when material is forced through a. die

in order to shape the material.

However, the use of such high retarding force has greatly increased the power consumption of the mill rolls, due to the fact that the mill rolls were compelled, not only to roll and reduce the stock, but also to pull it against a very high retarding force which was exerted solely by friction means, which remained stationary during the operation of the mechanism. Therefore the loss in power due to the retarding effect of such friction means, counterbalanced the decrease in power which was secured by the lowering of the reducing or rolling pressure on the mill rolls.

75 According to this invention, the stationary adjustable friction means F need produce only a very small back-pull.

It is desirable to have the stationary friction means F produce 'as little as possible of the retarding effect (much less than fifty per cent), 5 and to have as much as possible of the retarding effect produced by the turnable or movable means 3 and 4.

Since the turnable retarding means 3 and 4 are connected to the shaft of one of the mill rolls, 10

by means of a slip-coupling or friction clutch, the pull of the stock on said members 3 and 4 is transmitted through the friction clutch or slip-coupling to the mill rolls, so that there is little or no loss of power due to the retarding 15 effect of the members 3 and 4. The stock is pulled by the mill rolls I and 2. The friction clutch I slips continuously or substantially con tinuously, during the operation of the device. However, the amount of slip is small because the 20 difference of angular speed between the shafts of the gears 6 and 8 is small. The wear of the friction clutch I is therefore slight.

It will be noted that the mill roll 2 and the retarding member 4 tum in opposite directions 25 so that the rotation of the retarding member 4 tends to drive the mill roll 2, so that the top of the periphery of the mill roll 2 is driven in the same direction as the stock. The directions of turning of the rotatable parts are indicated by 30 the arrows in Fig. 1.

The adjusting lever Ia may be set so as to regulate the ratio of speeds between the shafts of the bevel gears 6 and 8, in accordance with the diameters of the peripheries of the mill rolls and 35 of the retarding members, and the amount of reduction in thickness of the stock, so that the speed of the stock, anterior the mill rolls, is less than the peripheral speed of the mill rolls I and 2. 0

Likewise, the speed of the stock S, anterior to the mill rolls I and 2, is less than the speed of the stock which would be secured by free feeding. By free feeding, I mean a condition in which the stock is fed freely to the mill rolls I 45 and 2 and without any substantial retarding efi'ect.

If the speed-change lever la were set so that members I, 2, 3 and 4 would have the same peripheral speed, the stock could be reduced to 50 some extent between the mill rolls I and 2, without changing the width of the stock. Said reduction in thickness of the stock, under such conditions, would cause a ibuckling .of the stock anterior to the mill rolls, if the width of the stock would remain the same, after thereduction in thickness of the stock.

As a working example, I may assume that the thickness of the stock is reduced twenty-five per cent (from a thickness of .100 inch to 0.075 inch) in; the first pass between the equal mill rolls I and 2, and without substantially changing the width of the stock. The speed-change lever should then be adjusted-so that the peripheral speed of the retarding members 3 and 4, and the equal linear speed of the stock anterior the first pair of mill rolls l and 2, should be less than seventy-five (75%) per cent and about seventyfour {74%) per cent of the equal peripheral speeds of rolls I and 2. This will not only pre vent buckling, but will cause the pull of the stock which is produced by-the mill rolls, to drive the members! and 4, so that said pull of the stock is transmitted through members 3 and 4, gears 5 and 0, the gears of box G. the friction clutch or 75 slip-coupling, and gears 8 and 9, positively to help drive the mill rolls, while the friction clutch or slip-coupling will slip sufliciently to compensate for the difference in peripheral speed between members 3 and 4, and mill rolls I and 2.

It will be noted that due to the extrusion effect on the stock of the mill rolls, the reduced stock leaves the mill rolls at a speed slightly higher than the peripheral speed of said mill rolls. This extrusion effect is diminished as much as possible according to my invention, by the back pull which is exerted anterior to the mill rolls I and 2, but some extrusion effect may exist. 1

Assuming that the thickness of the stock is reduced twenty-five (25%) per cent, without changing the width of. the stock, said reduction in thickness will increase the length of the stock by thirty-three and one-third (33 per cent. The peripheral speed of the mill rolls willordinarily be a trifle less than the speed of movement of the reduced stock away from the mill rolls, so that the linear speed of movement of the stock anterior and towards the mill rolls would be about seventy-five (75%) percent of the peripheral speed of the mill rolls, if no substantial retarding effect were created.

Therefore, by having the peripheral speed of members 3 and 4 less than seventy-five (75%) per cent of the peripheral speed of mill rolls I and 2, I can secure a retarding effect, because there is little or no slip of the stock relative to the retarding members 3.and 4. Said members 3 and 4 are made of sufflciently large diameter, and I provide a suiiicient number of said retarding members (more than two, if desired) to minimize or prevent'said slipping. This lowering in .peripheral speed of the retarding members 3 and 4 relative to the peripheral speed of the' mill rolls, depends upon the kind of stock, and other working conditions, such as the percentage of re duction.

Therefore, and assuming that the apparatus is running idle, because no stock is being fed thereto, the lever ia may be set so that the peripheral speed of members 3 and t is less than' seventy-five (75%) per cent of the peripheral speed of mill rolls I and 2, assuming that mill rolls i and 2 are set to accomplish a reduction in thickness of the steel stool: of twenty-five (25%) per cent, and without changing the width of the stock.-

Now, if stock is fed through the machine, after such adjustment has been made, the pull of the stock which is produced by the mill rolls, tends to turn members 3 and 4 at about seventy-five (75%) per cent of the peripheral speed of mill rolls I and 2, since the linear speed of the stock anterior to and towards mill rolls i and 2, tends to be about seventy-five (75%) per cent of the peripheral speed of mill rolls I and 2, in the example given.

Since the setting of the gear box G remains as previously mentioned, the pull of the stock tends to turn the members. 3 and 4 more rapidly continuously. The tension of the stock S, anterior the mill rolls, causes said stock to operate like a drive-belt, which urges the retarding discs to move in the directions of the respective arrows which are shown in Fig. L. This overdrive which is produced by the tension of the stock is trans mitted through the gears and the slipping clutch to the mill rolls, so as to transmit to said mill rolls the power which otherwise would be lost in exerting the back-pull. The invention is not limited to the use of a friction clutch.

It will be noted that the speed of movement of the stock towards the mill rolls is not constant. The stock varies in thickness and hardness, so that the speed of movement of the stock, due to the pull of the mill rolls, varies conshafts of mill rolls, and the shafts of turnable friction members located anterior the mill rolls, and which controlled the speed of feed of the stock towards the mill rolls, wholly by gears.

The controlling factor in such system was the gear connections.

In the present method and device, the controlling factor is the pull which is exerted by the mill rolls upon the stock. Gear connections can be omitted wholly between the retarding means and the mill rolls, and said gear could be replaced by friction drive means, electromagnetic drive means, etc.

The all-gear connection produced a constant speed of the stock towards the rolls. In the instant embodiment, the speed of the stock can vary to the same extent as though no retarding means were used, save for the effect of the inertia of the retarding means.

The driving means between the retardin means and the mill rolls may be designated as overdrive means, since they cause the pull of the stock which is produced by the mill rolls todrive said mill rolls.

I claim:

1. Rolling mechanism comprising turnable mill rolls having movable means located anterior to the mill rolls and located so that the stock contacts with said movable means anterior the mill rolls, the entering portion of the stock being located anterior said movable means, said movable means being shaped so that they are driven by the movement of the stock when the stock is pulled by the mill rolls, said movable means being connected to said mill rolls by overdrive means, so that the pull on the stock which is produced by the mill rolls, operates to drive the mill rolls, said overdrive means including slipcoupling means having separated members connected to be free to turn at different relative speeds.

'2. Rolling mechanism comprising turnable mill rolls, said mechanism also having rotatable retarding means located .anterior said mill rolls so that the stock contacts with said retarding means anterior the mill rolls, said stock having only a single layer thereof in contact with said retarding means, braking means for the stock located anterior said rotatable retarding means.

said retarding means being connected to said means anterior the mill rolls, said stock having only a single layer thereof in contact with said retarding means, braking means for the stock located anterior said rotatable retarding means, said retarding means being connected to said mill rolls by connecting means which consist wholly of gears and a slip friction clutch, said gears being adapted to turn said retarding means at lower peripheral speed than the speed at which the stock is fed by the mill rolls away from said rotatable retarding means, so that the stock is subjected to tension between the mill rolls and said retarding means.

ABRAHAM SIMONS.