US2217371A - Spindle for spinning and doubling frames for wool - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 8, 1940. KOWARIQK 2,217,371

SPINDLE FOR SPINNING AND DOUBLING FRAMES FOR WOOL Filed July 6, 1938 Patented Oct. 8, 1940 U T E 1 Claim.

This invention relates to machines for spinning and doubling Wool yarns in general and has its object to present a spindle capable of operating at very high speeds without damaging in any way the wool fibres which have, as is known, limited natural resistance.

Modern textile machinery has reached such a degree of perfection that it might appear impossible further to improve them, however, it is true that they are still deficient in the important point which lies in the construction of their spindles which can only rotate at high speeds by sacrificing completely the textile fibres which are being spun. Undoubtedly every means of improving the present day spindle has been investigated, however, it would appear that never has the necessary attention been given to a point of capital importance in spinning-the natural resistance of the textile fibres.

It is well known that the fibres have to withstand a severe tensile strain during the spinning process and this strain becomes greater as the speed of the spindle increases, no matter what type of spindle be used. On the other hand it is also known that up to the present no means has yet been discovered of increasing the tensile strength of the fibres. In these circumstances, in order to take advantage of high spindle speeds it is necessary to reduce the tension to which the fibres are subjected during the spinning process.

The solution to this problem has been sought by many of those who understand the subject, with relatively satisfactory results, always, however, with only partial success. Results which gave satisfaction have, in fact, been obtained, but only for cotton fibre. For wool fibre, no one up to the present has succeeded in constructing a high speed spindle which is at the same time efiicient, safe and practical.

The present invention finally solves this problem which has hitherto been unsolved. Having in view the impossibility of increasing by direct means the intrinsic tensile strength of wool fibres I have succeeded in getting around the difilculty by constructing a special spindle which fulfils all the requisites, capable of being used efiiciently with any quality of wool and in the manufacture of any and every type of worsted yarns, be they of soft twist for hosiery or of hard twist for weaving etc. and for every usual counts of yarn. It should be noted that with the spindle of this invention the speeds attained in practice exceed the limits hitherto considered feasible.

The invention is illustrated by the attached drawing, in which- Figure 1 shows in conjunction the spindle in accordance with this invention from which it can be seen that this spindle belongs to the basic system of ring spinning and is driven in the usual manner by means of a band or tape;

Figure 2 shows in enlarged scale and partly in section the essential details of the conjunction of Figure 1; and

Figure 3 is a horizontal section taken on the line 33 of Figure 2.

As can readily be seen by the drawing the novelty which especially characterises this spindle, distinguishing it from all known spindles of its class and rendering it capable of working at high speeds in spite of the limited natural tensile strength of the wood fibre is the terminal tip A fixed immovably at the top extremity of the. spindle and having adequate grooves a.

I refer especially to spherical tips, as these are the most adequate for general use; without, however, excluding other shapes which have also been tried out with success, such as oval, conical, elliptic or semi-oval, semi-conical or semi-elliptic or other similar shapes.

The action of this terminal tip A during the function of spinning frames is as fol1ows:the yarn F after it leaves the drafting arrangement passes as usual through a thread guide lappet B and thence to a traveller C which runs on the ring D. After passing through the thread guide lappet B the yarn enters into contact with the tip A where it is caught by the groove a and is then drawn by these grooves in such a way as to descend by part of the spindle forming spiral loops as indicated by the dotted lines shown in the Figures 1 and 2.

The formation of these spiral loops is due not only to inertia of the yarn F and of the traveller C but also to the resistance opposed by the air and by the surface of the ring D which retard the free rotation.

Another important and novel characteristic of this spindle is that by its use I can dispense with the necessity for automatic speed regulating devices due to the fact that it almost completely eliminates the tension of the material being spun which thus can withstand the critical points without change of speed.

It is evident that with this invention I reduce or almost eliminate the balloon which in known systems of ring spinning is formed between the thread guide lappet B and the traveller C, thus I obtain a considerable reduction in the tension on the yarn, making possible an extraordinary PATENT; 1-

I OH. SPINNING'AND DOUBLING- FRAIWES FOR WOOL increase in speed and permitting the use of much lighter travellers than is usual.

Still another advantage of the invention is in that it permits the reduction in the tension of the yarn between the tip of the spindle A and the drafting rollers, it being noted that this reductiondependent on the spiral loops which in their turn depend upon the tip'is adjustable within certain limits by the variation'of the posi-' tion of the thread guide B in its relation to the tip A.

The advantages specified above are-a1-so" applicable to twisting machines.

Having now particularly described the nature of my said invention and 'the-mannervin which the same is to be performed, I claim as my inven-' tion:

A spindle for ring spinning, doubling, and twisting machines of the character in which the yarn is laid helically around the spindle between ALBERTO" FREDERICO KOWARICK.

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