US2217008A

US2217008A - Drafting apparatus

Info

Publication number: US2217008A
Application number: US262392A
Authority: US
Inventors: Russell H Garner
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1939-03-17
Filing date: 1939-03-17
Publication date: 1940-10-08
Anticipated expiration: 1957-10-08

Description

Oct. 8, 1940. R. H. GARNER DRAFTING APPARATUS Filed March 17, 1959 2 sheets-sheet 1 EWIIIIWIIWIWNUINWHD,

INVENTOR. Russe H. Garner.

ATTORNE Oct. s, 1940.

Rl H. GARNER DRAFTING APPARATUS Filed March 17, 1939 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 FTE. E n

1N VENTOR. Russe H. Garner'.

ATTORN Y.

Patented ci. 8, i940 Unire stares ein-re 'r f Application March 17,

, 6 Claims.

This invention relates to drafting instruments.

The general object of the invention is to provide an improved universal drafting machine.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved drafting machine wherein parallel movements of the parts are provided b-y a novel pulleyvarm construction and wherein the parts may be made of metal stampings.

A further object of the invention is to provide a-universal drafting machine including a novel protractor head assembly.

An additional object of the invention is to provide novel means for tightening the flexible coupling member used in a drafting machine.

Other objects and the advantages of this invention will be apparent from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. l is a top plan view of my improved universal drafting machine;

Fig. 2 is a side view of the drafting machine;

Fig. 3 is 'an enlarged section taken on line 3-3 of Fig. l

Fig. 4 is a section taken on line 6 6 ci Fig. 3;

Fig. 4A is a` section taken on line 13A-4A of Fig. 4;

Fig. 5 is an enlarged side elevation partly in section of the mast portion of the drafting machine;

Fig. 6 is an enlarged section taken on line --S of Fig. 1;

Fig. 7 is an enlarged section taken on line 'l-- of Fig. 1, but with the arms vertically aligned;

Fig. 8 is an enlarged section taken on line 8 8 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 9 is a top pla-n View of the protractor member with the supporting arm removed;

Fig. l is an enlarged fragmentary section taken on line Ill-Il) of Fig. 9;

Fig. 11 is an enlarged fragment-ary section taken on line I I--II of Fig. 9;

Fig. l2 is an enlarged fragmentary section taken on line I2-i2 of Fig. 8;

Fig. 13 is a section taken on line i3-I3 of Fig. 7;

Fig. 14 is a fragmentary section taken on line Ill-Iiof Fig. 8; and

Fig. l is an enlarged fragmentary longitudinal sectional View of the upper section of the elbow portion showing a modified form of brake construction.

Referring to the drawings by reference characters I have indicated my improved drafting machine generally at i6. As shown the machine I includes a mast portion indicated generally at I2,

1939, Serial N0. 262,392 (Cl. 33-79) an elbow portion indicated generally at I3 and a head portion indicated .generally at Iii.

The mast portion I2 is shown in detail in Figs. 5 and 6 and includes a substantially triangularly shaped base member l5 which is provided with 5 a pair of clamps I6 secured to the base by screws I l. The clamps I6 include threaded members I8 having heads I9 thereon to engage a drawing table or other support to hold the drafting machine in an operative position.

On the base member i5 I provide a secondary base member 2li. The base member I5 includes a plurality of upwardly directed protuberancesv 2! and the secondary base includes a plurality of downwardly directed protuberances 22 which engage the protuberances 2l. The protuberances 2| each has a suitable threaded aperture therein and the protuberances 22 each has a suitable aperture therein to receive a screw 23 to secure the secondary base 2U to the base I5.

i An adjusting screw 24 is provided so that when the screws 23 are loosened the screw 24 may be moved to shift the secondary base i5 to-an adjusted position after. which the screws 23 are tightened to firmly clamp the secondary base 2B to the base I5. The secondary base I5 is apertured as at 425 to receive a vertical post member 25 which issecured to the base I5 bya threaded washer '2.1 and a nut 28 engaging a threaded portion at the lower end of the post. v

Themast portion I2 further includes an arm supporting bracket member 30 which comprises an upper member 3l and a lower member 32. The upper member' 3l comprises a body portion 33 which includes a top wall 34 having depending side flanges 35 which atone end merge into a. semi-cylindrical portion 36. Depending from the top wall 34 I provide an inverted cup-shaped member 3l which is secured to the wall 36 as by welding it thereto. Positioned in the cup-shaped member 3'! I provide an anti-friction bearing member 38 which engages the post 26.

The lower member 32 `comprises a body portion 39 whichincludes abottom wall ill having upturned side lianges 4I which at one end are directed upwardly and terminate in a horizontal semi-cylindrical portion 42 to match the semicylindrical portion 36 of the upper member 3l. The two semi-cylindrical portions 36 and i2 of the .bracket 3l! surround a solid metal plug 43 to which they are secured by a pair of rivets dit.

Positioned on the bottom wall lof the member 32 I` provide a cup-shaped member l5 which is secured to the bottom wall by welding it thereto. The member l5 is aligned with the upper Cup-Shaped member 31 and has an anti-friction bearing member 46 therein surrounding the post 29.

Intermediate the bearing 33 and the bearing 46 I provide a pulley wheel 41 which is in the form of an inverted cup-shaped member including a top wall 48 having depending side flanges 49 which have a wide shallow groove 59 therein. The top wall 43 of the wheel 41 is suitably apertured to receive the post 26 and between the top wall 4B and the lower bearing 46 I provide a hub member 5| which engages the inner raceway of the bearing 45.

rI'he hub 5I is apertured as at 52 to receive the post 26 and is secured to the wheel 41 by a screw 53. Between the upper wall 48 of the wheel` 41 and the inner raceway of the upper bearing 38 I provide a washer 54. As shown in Fig. 7 the elbow portion I3 includes an upper arm supporting bracket 55 and a lower arm supporting bracket 55. The upper bracket 55 includes a top wall 51 having depending side flanges 58 which at one end merge into a'hollow cylindrical portion 59. (See Fig. 13). Positioned in the cylindrical portion 59 I provide a metal plug 69 which is shown as secured to the bracket by rivets 9 I.

The upper elbow bracket 55 and the mast bracket 39 are connected by an arm member 62 which is formed of a predetermined length of seamless metal tubing. At one end of the arm the

semi-cylindrical portions

36 and 42 Vof the mast bracket 39 are positioned within the4 arm S2 and at the opposite end the cylindrical portion 59 of the elbow bracket 55 is positioned within the arm 62.

Depending from the top wall 51 of the bracket 55 I provide an inverted cup-shaped member 93 which is secured to the bracket as by welding it thereto. Positioned in the member 63 I provide an anti-friction bearing member 64 which is spaced from the upper wall of the member by a sleeve 65 engaging the outer raceway.

The lower bracket 5B includes Ia bottom wall 66 having upturned side flanges 61 which at oneend merge into a hollow cylindrical portion 58. (See Fig. 13). Positioned in the cylindrical portion 68 I provide a metal plug 69 which is secured to the bracket as by rivets 19. On the lower wall 68 I provide a cup-shaped member 1I which is aligned with the upper member 63 and is secured to the bracket 56 as by welding it thereto.

The lower wall 66 and the bottom wall of vthe member 1I are apertured as at 12. Positioned in the member 1| I provide an anti-friction bearing member 13 which is spaced from the bottom wall by a washer 14 engaging the outer raceway.

Journaled in the bearings 64 and 13 I provide a vertical shaft 15 having an enlarged head 15 at the upper en-d which engages the upper end of the inner raceway of the bearing 64. Adjacent the lower end the shaft includes a threaded portion 11 on which a nut 18 is positioned exteriorly of the bracket 56. Positioned in the aperture 12 and surrounding the shaft 15 I provide a sleeve member 19 which engages the lower end of the inner raceway of the bearing 13 and is engaged by the nut 18.

Intermediate the bearings 64 and 13 I provide a double pulley member 8D which includes an upper pulley portion 8| an-d a lower pulley portion 82. Each of lthe portions 8| and 82 includes a central body portion 83 having side fianges 84 in which a wide shallow groove 85 is provided.

The central portions 83 are cupped as at 89 one to receive the member 63 and the other to receive the member 1 I. At the center the Central portions 89 abut and are suitably apertured to receive the shaft 15. Surrounding the shaft 15 between the inner raceway of the bearing B4 and the body of the upper pulley portion 8| I provide a washer 88 and surrounding the shaft between the inner raceway of the bearing 13 and the body of the lower pulley por-tion 83 I provide a washer 99. The upper and lower pulley portions are secured together by screws 99.

Adapted to act upon the upper portion 9| of the Ypulley 89 I provide a brake member 9| which includes a threaded shank 92 positioned in a threaded aperture 93 in the top wall 51. The

. upper end of the shank 92 has an enlarged head 94 thereon and the lower end has a liber ydisk 95 mounted thereon which is adapted to engage the body portion 83 of the pulley portion 8|.

Opposite the brake member 9| I provide a similar brake member 96 which is adapted to act upon the lower portion 82 of the pulley 89. The brake member 99 includes a threaded shank 91 positioned in a threaded aperture 98 in the bottom wall 69 of the lower bracket `55. At the lower end the shank 91 has 'an enlarged head 99 thereon and the upper end is tipped with a ber member |99 which is adapted to engage the wall 83 of the lower portion 82 of the pulley 89.

The head portion I4 of the device I9 includes an arm supporting bracket I9I which includes a body portion |92 having depending side flanges |93 which at one end merge into a hollow cylindrical portion |94. Positioned in the cylindrical portion |94 I provide a metal plug |95 which is secured to the bracket by rivets |99.

The head bracket IIlI and the lower elbow bracket 56 are connected by an arm member |91 which is formed of a predetermined length of seamless metal tubing. At one end of the arm the cylindrical portionl 69 of the elbow bracket 56 is positioned within the tubing and at the opposite end the cylindrical portion |94 of the head bracket I9I is positioned within the tubing.

Depending from the top wall |93 of the bracket IDI I provide an inverted cup-shaped member |99 which is secured to the bracket as by welding it thereto. Positioned in the member |98 I provide an anti-friction bearing member |99 Awhich is spaced from the top wall by a washer I I9 engaging the outer raceway. Coaxial with the bearing |99 the top wall |03 has an aperture II2 therein.

Journaled in the bearing |99 I provide a hub member I|3 which at the upper end is threaded as at I|4 to receive a nut II5. The `hub II3 has an aperture II6 therethrough and adjacent the lower end includes an enlarged elongated shoulder I I1 `and an enlarged head I I8. (See Fig. 14). Positioned in the hub aperture IIB I provide a stem II9 which adjacent the upper end includes a threaded portion |29 and adjacent-the lower en d a threaded portion I2I.` The threaded portion |29 of the stemreceives a cylindrical handle portion |22 which is secured thereto by a pin |23.

The head portion I4 includes a circular base plate |24 which includes nger portions .I 25 which are arranged at right angles to each other and which are adapted to receive the usual scale members such as commonly used in connection with a imiversal drafting machine.

The central portion of the base plate |24 is cupped as at |26 and suitably apertured to receive the stem I I9. A washer |21 is positioned between the inner surface of the cupped portion and the head I I8 of the hub and the base plate is secured to the stem |I9 b-y a nut |28 engaging the stem threads' I 2|.

Depending from the base plate |24 I provide a plurality of foot bosses |25 which are secured to the base plate by screws |36.

Mounted on the horizontal nger |25 of the base plate |24 Iprovide a release device ISI which is shown in detail in Fig; l2. As shown the device |3I includes a hubportion |32 having a threaded recess |33 opening. through the bottom thereof. Above the hub |32 the device includes an enlarged cam portion |36 (see Fig. 9) and above the cam portion an enlarged iiange I 35. Above the ange the device includes a threaded hub |36 on which a handle member |31 is secured by a pin |38. The hub |32 of the device |3| is positioned in an aperture |38 of a b-olt member |39 which includes a threaded shank |49 positioned in a threaded aperture IM in the horizontal ringer portion |25. The device |3I is retained in position b-y a screw I 42 which engages the hub threads |33 and the head of the screw engages a washer |43 which in. turn engages the bottom of the bolt |35. At the large portion thereof the cam I3@ includes a shoulder I 44 which in one position is adapted to engage a stop pin |45 (see Fig. 9).

Above the base plate |24 I provide a stop plate |56 which has an elongated central aperture |41 therein to receive the shoulder I I1 of the hub I I3. The outer periphery of the plate |46 is notched as at U16 which notches are spaced iifteen degrees apart completely around the periphery.

Above the stop plate |46 I provide a protractc-r scale plate M9 the upper surface of which is graduated as at I 50. The scale plate |49 has a central elongated aperture |5| therein to receive the shoulder I1 of the hub IIS. (See Fig. 14.) Above the scale plate |59 I provide a smaller disk |52 which has a central aperture therein to receive the hub I I3.

Surrounding the hub IIS between the upper surface'of the dished portion I5? and the inner raceway of the bearing I 69 I provide a washer IBI. Surrounding the hub ||3 and positioned in the aperture II 2 I provide a sleeve member I 62 the lower end of which engages the inner raceway of the bearing |69 and the upper end is adapted to be engaged by the nut I I 5. When the nut I I5 is tightened against the sleeve |62 the protractor head assembly is rmly held in an `operative position.

of the stop plate |51 to prevent rotation of the plates M6 and |69 relative to the base plate |24.

For preventing rotation of the-pulley ISSrelative to the scale disk |49 I provide a clamping device |86 which is shown in detail in Fig. 11. As shown the device |86 includes a threaded vertical stud IilI which is secured to the scale plate |59 by riveting as indicated at |82. scale plate |49 I provide a clamp plate |83 which has an aperture I 84 therein to receive the stud IBI and includes an undercut portion I/I which is of less depth than the thickness of the disk |52 a peripheral portion of which is positioned therein. Abo-ve the clamp plate |83 I provide a handle member |86 which has a threaded aperture |8`| therein to receive'the threaded stud ISI.

When the handle |36 is rotated to move downward it forces the clamp plate |83 downward which rmly clamps the disk |52 to the scale plate I '39.

The pulley |53 of the head portion It is connected to the lower pulley portion of the elbow pulley 86 byV an endless strap member |96. The strap ISI) includes a length of metal which is` positioned in the groove 85 of the pulley 86 and in the groove |56 of the pulley |53. rThe ends of the strap are joined vby an adjustable coupling device indicated generally at |93 and shown in detail in Figs. 3 and 4. I v

A head member 265| having an aperture 265 therein is positioned on the hub 266. The strap 92 is secured to the hub by a pin 2b?. Positioned in the body |95 I provide a core member 268 which includes a cylindrical portion 269 positioned in the body aperture |98 and polygonal portion ZIII which iits within a similarly shaped recess ZIE of they threaded portion |99. Intermediate the cylindrical portion 209 and the polygon- On the upper surface of the al portion 2 I 0 the core includes an enlarged collar 2|3. The cylindrical portion |99 has a slot 2M therein in Which the other end of the strap |92 is positioned and secured thereto by pins 2 5.

When the body |94 is rotated all the slack in the strap |90 is taken up. By holding the head 294 stationary and rotating the body |94 the strap will not twist as it is being tightened.

The upper pulley portion of the pulley 8D of the elbow portion 3 is connected to the pulley 41 of the mast portion |2 by an endless strap 2|5. The strap 2|5 is similar in all respects to the previously described strap |99 and like portions thereof are indicated by similarly primed reference numerals. The band |92'Aof the strap 2 5 is positioned in the groove of the pulley 80 and in the groove -50 of the pulley 41.

`In Fig. 15 I have shown a modified form of brake applied to the upper section 55 of the elbow portion |3. When this type of biake is used the rod 60 is replaced by a longer rod 22|) which extends inward to adjacent the pulley 8| and is secured to the arm |52 by rivets 22|. The inner portionf4 of the rod 220 has an axial recess 222 therein opening through the inner end thereof. Adjacent the bottom of the recess 222 the rod 220 has an angular transverse threaded aperture 223 therein which intersects the recess 222. Coaxial with the threaded rod aperture 223 the top 51 of the upper section 55 has a similar threaded aperture 224 therein.

Positioned in the rod recess 222 I provide a metal plunger 225 the inner end of which is conically tapered as indicated at 226. The outer end of the plunger 225 has a fiber disk 22E mounted thereon the end of which is shaped to engage the surface of the band recess 85 of the pulley 8|.

Positioned in the threaded apertures 223 and 224 I provide a threaded stem 221 the outer end of which has an enlarged knurled head 228 thereon. The inner end of the stem 221 is conically tapered as at 229 to match the taper 226 of the plunger 225.

To apply braking friction to the pulley 8|v the stem 221 is rotated to move downward and as it does it forces the plunger 225 outward towards the pulley 8| and the disc 225' into engagement with the pulley.

From the foregoing description it will be apparent that I have provided an improved universal drafting machine which may be economically manufactured and which is highly ecient in use.

Having thus described my invention I claim:

l. In a drafting machine, a base, an arm on the base, an elbow member including an upper and a lower bracket, said arm engaging one of the brackets, an anti-friction bearing supported by said upper bracket and an anti-friction bearing supported by said lowerbracket, a shaft journaled in said anti-friction bearings, a double pulley member surrounding said shaft, the upper and lower faces of said pulley being recessed to provide space for said bearings, said upper bracket including a body having depending side flanges spaced beyond said pulley, said body and side flanges at one end merging into a reduced cylindrical portion, said lower bracket including a body having upturned side flanges spaced beyond said pulley, said lower body and side flanges at one end merging int'oa reduced cylindrical portion, the top wall of said upper bracket body having a threaded aperture, a threaded stem positioned in said aperture, an enlarged head on said stem above said body and a tip member on the opposite end of said stem adapted to engage the upper face of said pulley, the bottom wall of said lower bracket body having a threaded aperture, a threaded stem positioned in said lower aperture, an enlarged head on said lower stem below said lower body, a tip member on the opposite end adapted to engage the lower face of said pulley and a second arm on the other bracket.

2. In a drafting machine, a base, a pulley fixed on said base, an arm rotatable on the base, an elbow on the first arm, a second arm on the elbow, said second arm including a pulley, a strap passing over said pulleys and a coupling member for the ends of said strap, said coupling member including a hollow cylindrical internally threaded body member, a core member rotatable on the body member and including a portion projecting from the body member, means to secure one end of said strap to said projecting portion, and a threaded core member in the body, means permitting sliding engagement and preventing relative rotation between the two core members, means to secure the other end of the strap to the outer end of the threaded core member and a grip member upon the out'er end portion of the threaded core member. l

3. In a drafting machine, a base, a pulley fixed on said base, an arm rotatable on the base, an elbow on the first arm, a second arm on the elbow, said second arm including a pulley, a strap passing over said pulleys and a coupling member for the ends of said strap, said coupling member including a hollow cylindrical internally threaded body member having a shoulder at one end, a core member having a collar thereon engaging said shoulder and including a portion projecting from the body member, means to secure one end of said strap to said projecting portion, said core member including a polygonal portion disposed within the body member and a threaded core member in the body and having a recess securing the portion on the first core member, means to secure the other end of the strap to the outer end of the threaded core member and a collar member secured upon the outer end of the threaded core member.

4. In a drafting machine, a base, a bracket rotatable on said base, an arm on said bracket, an elbow member support on said arm, said elbow member including a pair of pulleys, one of said pulleys having a grooved periphery, a rod mounted on said arm and extending to a point adjacent said one pulley, said rod having a recess adjacent the pulley, a plunger slidable in said recess and adapted to engage in said groove, said rod having a threaded lateral recess intersecting said first mentioned recess, a threaded member in said lateral recess, said threaded member having a cam at its inner end and said plunger having a cam engaging said threaded member cam.

5. In a drafting machine, a base, an arm on the base, an elbow member, said elbow including an upper bracket and a lower bracket, opposed cup members on each bracket, spacing sleevesv in said cup members, said arm engaging one of said brackets, an anti-friction bearing supported in each cup member and engaging the spacing sleeves, a shaft journaled in said anti-friction bearings, a double pulley member surrounding said shaft, said double pulley including two contacting disk-like central portions and offset strap engaging portions, the offset portions providing spaces for said bearings, means to clamp said pulley central portions between the upper and lower bearings, and a second arm engaging the other bracket.

6. In a drafting machine, a base, an arm on the base, an elbow member including an upper and a lower bracket, said arm engaging one of the brackets, an anti-friction bearing supported by said upper bracket and an anti-friction bearing supported by said lower bracket, a shaft journaled in said anti-friction bearings, a double pulley member surrounding said shaft, said upper bracket including a body having depending side flanges spaced beyond said pulley, said body and side flanges at one end merging into a reduced cylindrical portion, said lower bracket including a body having upturned side anges spaced beyond said pulley, said lower body and side flanges at one end merging into a reduced cylindrical portion, the top wall of said upper bracket body having an aperture, a stem positioned inv said aperture, an enlarged head on said stem above said body and a tip member on the opposite end of said stem adapted to engage the upper face of said pulley, the bottom wall'of said lower bracket body having an aperture, a stem positioned in said last mentioned aperture, an enlarged head on said lower stem'below said lower body, a tip member on the opposite end adapted to engage the lower face of said pulley and a second arm on the other bracket.

RUSSELL H. GARNER.