US2215449A - Gland for vacuum chambers - Google Patents

Gland for vacuum chambers Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2215449A
US2215449A US289596A US28959639A US2215449A US 2215449 A US2215449 A US 2215449A US 289596 A US289596 A US 289596A US 28959639 A US28959639 A US 28959639A US 2215449 A US2215449 A US 2215449A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
tube
vacuum
liquid
chamber
casing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US289596A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Alexander Paul
Barnes Philip Carringten
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pilkington Group Ltd
Original Assignee
Pilkington Brothers Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pilkington Brothers Ltd filed Critical Pilkington Brothers Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2215449A publication Critical patent/US2215449A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/04—Measures to avoid lubricant contaminating the pumped fluid
    • F04B39/041—Measures to avoid lubricant contaminating the pumped fluid sealing for a reciprocating rod
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00—Sealings
    • F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/40—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces by means of fluid
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00—Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593—Systems
    • Y10T137/85978—With pump
    • Y10T137/86083—Vacuum pump

Definitions

  • This invention relates to vacuum chamber apparatus and has for its object to provide a liquid sealed gland for a member entering the chamber.
  • the invention is particularly adapted to glands for movable members such as rotatable shafts.
  • the height of the g liquid seal in a liquid-sealed gland may be only a few millimetres.
  • an annular U-tube containing the sealing liquid has the space above the liquid in one leg connected to the vacuum 25 chamber and the space above the liquid in the other leg connected to an auxiliary vacuum, the pressure difference between the vacuum in the chamber and the auxiliary vacuum, measured in head of the sealing liquid, being less than the cf fective height of the U-tube.
  • Figures land 2 are vertical sections of liquidsealed glands for a member introduced into the vacuum chamber from below, and for amember 35 introduced from above, respectively, and
  • Figure 3 is a diagrammatic view of a vacuum chamber with gland and pumps.
  • the wall of. the vacuum chamber is shown at l, and 2 is the movable 40 member introduced into the chamber.
  • a casing 3, containing the sealing liquid 4 is attached to the Wall E of the vacuum chamber by the tubular member 5.
  • This member has a depending tubular portion 6, which dips into the liquid 4, and surrounds the member 2.
  • the member 2 passes out of the casing 3 through the stufflng box I which may be of any construction used in vacuum practice.
  • the casing 3 and tube 6 this form an annular U-tube, with inner leg 8, connected 50 with the vacuum chamber, and outer leg 9.
  • a pipe it to an auxiliary source of vacuum.
  • the preliminary vacuum pump being generally a mechanical-pump, capable of reducing the pressure to about 0.l mm. of mercury
  • the final pump is, generally a dispersion pump which may reduce the pressure in the vacuum chamber V to 0.001 mm. or less.
  • Figure 3 shows this arrangement diagrammatically, it being the preliminary pump and I2 the final pump, and the pipe I0 is shown connecting the gland casing 3 with the vacuum side of the preliminary pump H,
  • the pressure in the 10 space 8 above the liquid in the inner leg of the U-tube is, say, 0.001 mm.
  • that in the space 9 in the outer leg is, say, 0.1 mm.
  • the auxiliary source of vacuum could be an independent pump, giving a vacuum of, say,
  • a bathe I3 is fixed to the member 2 above the stufling box 'I to guide away any bubbles oi air g5 which may leak through the stufling box into the outer leg of the U-t'ube. They then rise into the space '9, from which the air is evacuated by the auxiliary source of vacuum through the pipe l0.
  • a vessel H is preferably connected with the casing 3 to withdraw the sealing liquid, and leave a freeconnection from the pipe I0 to the vacuum chamber.
  • the upper part of the vessel It is connected to the pipe l0,-by the pipe l5, and the lower part is connected to the bottom of the casing 3 by the pipe Hi.
  • the liquid canthen be withdrawn from 40 the casing 3 to a level below the bottom end of a the tube 8, by lowering the vessel. Then, when the vacuum in the chamber has been reduced to. say, 1 mm. of mercury, the liquid is returned to the casing 3 by raising the vessel It to the posi- 5 tion indicated.
  • Figure 2 shows the liquid-sealed gland applied to a member entering the vacuum chamber from above.
  • the casing 3 has an internal tubular wall i1, forming an annular space to contain tha'liquid, and a bell jar I 8 is fixed to the member 2 and dips into the liquid, thus forming a u-tube with two legs 9 and 9, respectively between the bell jar and the wall I! and between the bell jar and the outer wall of the casing 3.
  • the U-tube has an efiective height between the top of the wall l1 and the bottom of the bell jar l8 and, to maintain the seal, the auxiliary source of vacuum to which the pipe 10 is connected must be at a pressure, reckoned in head of the sealing liquid, which is above the pressure in the chamber by an amount less than the eifective height of the U-tube.
  • the effective height of the U-tube is twice the height of the pipe I0 above the bottom of the tube 6.
  • the gland may also be used to seal a shaft entering the vacuum chamber horizontally, by connecting the horizontal shalt by bevel gear to a vertically descending shaft.
  • the tubular member 5, of Figure 1 is then extended as an elbow to house the bevel gear and horizontal shaft.
  • the vessel It may be connected to the casing 3 only by the single pipe [6, and then the vessel,
  • a liquid seal for the: member comprising an annular U-tube containing the sealing liquid of which the inner leg surrounds the mem ber, a passage from the chamber to the space above the liquid in the inner leg, and a connection from the space above the liquid in the outer leg of the U-tube to the connection between the backing and final pumps.
  • a liquid seal for the member comprising an annular U-tube consisting of a tube surrounding the member and a casing surrounding the tube, sealing liquid in the casing'both within and without the tube, a stufilng box in the bottom of the casing through which the member is adapted to pass, a passage from the chamber to the space in the tube above the liquid and a connection from the space above the liquid in the casing and outside the tube to the connection between the backing and final pumps.
  • a liquid seal for the member comprising an annular U-tube, consisting of a tube surrounding the member, a bell-jar fixed to the member and surrounding the tube, and a casing surrounding the bell-jar, sealing liquid in the casing both without the bell-jar and between the bell-jar and the tube, a stufflng box in the top of the casing through which the member is 5.
  • vacuum chamber apparatus comprising a movable member introduced from outside into the chamber, a liquid seal for the member comprising an annular U-tube containing the sealing liquid of which the inner leg surrounds the member, a passage from the chamber to the space above the liquid in the inner leg, a vacuum pump adapted to maintain a vacuum lower than the vacuum in the chamber by an amount not exceeding the effective height of the U-tube, reckoned in head of the sealing liquid and a connection from the space above the liquid in the outer leg of the U-tube to the vacuum pump.
  • a liquid seal for the member comprising an annular U-tube consisting of a tube surrounding the member and a casing surrounding the tube, sealing liquid in the casing both within and without the tube, a stuffing box in the bottom of the casing through which the member is adapted to pass, a passage from the chamber to the space in the tube above the liquid, a vacuum pump adapted to maintain a vacuum lower than the vacuum in the chamber by an amount not exceeding the effective height of the U-tube, reckoned in head of the sealing liquid, and a connection from the space above the liquid in the casing and outside the tube to the vacuum pump.
  • PAUL ALEXANDER PHILIP CARRINGTON BARNES

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
US289596A 1938-08-24 1939-08-11 Gland for vacuum chambers Expired - Lifetime US2215449A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB24882/38A GB518526A (en) 1938-08-24 1938-08-24 Improvements in and relating to glands for vacuum chambers

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2215449A true US2215449A (en) 1940-09-24

Family

ID=10218738

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US289596A Expired - Lifetime US2215449A (en) 1938-08-24 1939-08-11 Gland for vacuum chambers

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US2215449A (de)
BE (1) BE435921A (de)
FR (1) FR858939A (de)
GB (1) GB518526A (de)
NL (1) NL52943C (de)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2488200A (en) * 1946-07-01 1949-11-15 Gen Electric X Ray Corp Rotating vacuum seal
US2758855A (en) * 1952-07-24 1956-08-14 Exxon Research Engineering Co Packing gland seal
DE1109471B (de) * 1957-02-20 1961-06-22 Nandor Perlaki Dipl Ing Stopfbuechse mit Fluessigkeitsverschluss fuer senkrechte Wellen an abwechselnd unter UEberdruck und Vakuum arbeitenden chemischen Apparaten
US3115347A (en) * 1961-08-22 1963-12-24 Nettco Corp Container having means for preventing escape of fluid therefrom where a shaft enters the same
US3410672A (en) * 1963-01-12 1968-11-12 Saint Gobain Glass working apparatus with liquid seal
US4008899A (en) * 1976-01-27 1977-02-22 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Energy Research And Development Administration Seal for permitting transfer of tape from one pressure region to a region of substantially different pressure
US4479656A (en) * 1981-10-20 1984-10-30 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B. V. Means for sealing a gap around a conductor pipe in an offshore oil platform

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3669422B2 (ja) 2000-05-29 2005-07-06 日本電気株式会社 折り畳み型携帯電話機

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2488200A (en) * 1946-07-01 1949-11-15 Gen Electric X Ray Corp Rotating vacuum seal
US2758855A (en) * 1952-07-24 1956-08-14 Exxon Research Engineering Co Packing gland seal
DE1109471B (de) * 1957-02-20 1961-06-22 Nandor Perlaki Dipl Ing Stopfbuechse mit Fluessigkeitsverschluss fuer senkrechte Wellen an abwechselnd unter UEberdruck und Vakuum arbeitenden chemischen Apparaten
US3115347A (en) * 1961-08-22 1963-12-24 Nettco Corp Container having means for preventing escape of fluid therefrom where a shaft enters the same
US3410672A (en) * 1963-01-12 1968-11-12 Saint Gobain Glass working apparatus with liquid seal
US4008899A (en) * 1976-01-27 1977-02-22 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Energy Research And Development Administration Seal for permitting transfer of tape from one pressure region to a region of substantially different pressure
US4479656A (en) * 1981-10-20 1984-10-30 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B. V. Means for sealing a gap around a conductor pipe in an offshore oil platform

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE435921A (de) 1900-01-01
NL52943C (de) 1900-01-01
GB518526A (en) 1940-02-29
FR858939A (fr) 1940-12-06

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2215449A (en) Gland for vacuum chambers
GB1294001A (en) Safety installation for preventing pollution by pipelines
US3805891A (en) Well pipe connector
US2237027A (en) Pump
US2446521A (en) Submersible motor structure
US3100657A (en) Pipe coupling having holding means responsive to high internal fluid pressure
SE7710173L (sv) Anordning vid en neddoppningsbar, hydrauliskt driven och med vertikal axel roterande pump
US2451168A (en) Well pumping system
US2309707A (en) Sealed submersible structure
CN209722923U (zh) 一种用于监测软基真空预压的沉降装置
US2374960A (en) Packing gland for stirrer shafts
CN205842076U (zh) 一种应用于海洋环境的膨胀节
US2153494A (en) Joint
US2171410A (en) Pump
GB1428744A (en) Waveguide support method and system
CN220228053U (zh) 一种方便拼接的埋地钢制管道
US2501461A (en) Valve
US3077931A (en) Multi-purpose wellhead apparatus for oil wells
CN207556766U (zh) 机械密封摩擦环检测装置
US1867639A (en) Apparatus for flowing wells
USRE21627E (en) Wellhead
US2154632A (en) Seal
US2184784A (en) Means for taking oil from wells
US2065227A (en) Well flowing device
US2214208A (en) Sanitary base for well pumps