US2214970A - Combination well driving and boring tool - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 17, 1940. 'J MOQNEY COMBINATION WELL DRIVING AND BORING TOOL Filed April 25, 1939 0 t n e w I am A tomeys Patented Sept. 17, 194A) P ArlazlsrrA oFFlcE COLIBINATION WELL DRIVING ANDA BORING TOOL John Mooney, Ionia, Mich. Application April 25, 1939, Serial-No. 269,971

Claims.

This invention relates to yoil well equipment, and has reference in particular to what may be conveniently referred to' as a two-way or combinattion rotating and reciprocating well driving and boring tool, that is, a structure which is calculated to properly respond to the demands, according to the particular formation encountered during the sinking of the well.

It is recognized that certain earth formations lo are diiiicult to drill in, and for this reason different types of driving tools are employed for these particular textures of earth. In other formations, however, the driving operation is found to be impractical, and therefore a rotary cutting or boring tool is necessary.' Thus, as indicated in the opening paragraph, I have combined ina single tool the driving and` boring facilities whereby to permit sinking or drilling the well by the selective use of these driving and boring functions.

of the art toArealize that a combination tool of this two-way action is not broadly new. Therefore, the novelty is predicated upon the specific constructionwhich Ihave adopted to accomplish the results in a highly satisfactory and reliable manner.

As will be hereinafter seen, novelty is predicated on a gradually receding simultaneously 3G turning drill construction wherein the initial rblow causing descent of the bit is accomplished bgy a mechanical hammer action, this being promptly followed by an additional turning action brought about by'the specific construction of the drill bit in conjunction with a heavyv gravitating casing provided with means coacting with v the bit to produce the desired added turning results.

Other features and advantages will become accordance with the principles of this invention.

Figures 2 and 3 are horizontal and vertical sections on the line 2-2 and3-3 respectively of Figure l.

Figure 4 isa view showing the drill bit unit in elevation and showing a fragmentary portion of the surrounding toothed drop weight tube.

I am sufficiently conversant withI the prior state more readily apparent from the following de- Figure 5 is a fragmentary elevational view of said tube'per se.

Figure 6 is-a view like'Figure 3 showing the valve in the receiving and trapping chamber in open position.

' Byway of introduction, it is to bel pointed ou that the subject matter of this application above referred to and hereinafter described and claimed is a continuation in part` of my co-pending application'led by me January 21, 1938, and identifled as Serial No. 186,201, the same being voluntarily abandoned as of the date of this application to provide the desired continuity.

Briefly, the construction to be hereinafter particularly described is characterized by a rotary and reciprocatory ribbed drilling head unit, a portion of which is formed into a shoulder and provided with turning teeth, there being a drill tube cooperable with said head and including teeth cooperatingwith the teeth on said head, and hammer-like driving means confined Wholly withinthe tube, this having driving and toothed coaction with an upstanding tubular extension on the drill head unit, all of the parts being coordinateciI for properly timed coaction to `develop the progressive reciprocating and turning motion.

Referring now to the drawing by detailingreference numerals, the drill head unit or means is referred to broadly by, the' numeral 1. 'I'hiscomprises the drill head proper 8, the same being centrally bored and having its lower end flared and provided. with spiral turningribs 9. Rising from the ce tral portion of the head is atubular impact re iving and turning extension I Il having a series of properly inclined and proportioned teeth II= on its upper end. Above the shouldered-portion I2 of the head is a screwthreaded portion I 3 and above this a series of -upstanding lcircumierentially spaced V-shaped teethM.v

As shownto advantage in Figure 1, alsleeve I5 is threaded on the part I3 and rises in concentric spaced relation around the tubular extension I0. Al ring I6 is threaded into the upper end of the sleeve and this functions as a stop shoulder or abutment for an annulus or companion ring I1 secured to the'lower end portibn of the socalled drill tube or casing I8. The latter part surrounds the extension III and rises-above it to the surface of the ground (not shown). It will be s, noted that the lowerl end of the casing is provided l with teeth Ila coacting with the teeth I4. Also the toothed end of the ,casing is coniined within the sleeve I5 so that the .drill head is liftedfrom the well with the casing.

`I call attention now to asectional or triplefpart impactl unit. This is assembledr within the connnes of the tubular casing I8 and rests upon and coacts with the upstanding tubular stem or extension I0. Thus the part I0 serves as a blowreceiving and transmitting member for the drill head 8. This hammer and impact assembly is characterized by an upper cylinder' I9 serving as a housing for the hammer 20, the latter being suspended on the lower end of an operating cable or equivalent element 2|. Then` there is a second or lower cylinder 22 having ports 23 for escape of slush which backs up into the cylinder 22. Incidentally, this part 22 may be further differentiated as a receiving chamber. At its lower end it is provided with teeth 24 shaped to match and coact with the teeth II on the extension I0. Also at this point'I provide a tting 25 to accommodate a ap valve 26, the latter -being hinged to the tting as shown to advantage in Figures 1, 3 and 6. The valve is lifted or opened by the pressure of upwardly flowing slush material. It is swung to the open position as shown in Figure 6 when suicient material backs up through the extension II) an'd into the receiver 22. When, however, the entire device is lifted from the hole, the weight of the material in the receiver closes the valve to trap and bring to the surface the sample 'of strata thus trapped. It will be noted that the adjacent ends of the cylinders I9 and 22 are provided with threaded abutment collars 21 and28, there being a coupling 29 joining these cylinders together. The lower stem 30 on the coupling projects down into the receiver and is provided with an abutment ring 3l engageable with the adjacent ring 28. There is also a similar extension 32 on the upper end of the coupling provided with a shoulder or abutment ring 33. The coupling serves to swivelly connect the two sections I9 and 22V of said hammer impact receiving and blow transmitting means.

In operation, when the hammer 2l) strikes the impact pin 32, the coupling 29 transmits the blow to the impact receiving cylinder or tube 22, which in turn, transmitsthe resultant effect of the blow to the drill bit or head 8 through the-medium Vof the coacting upstanding extension Ill. At this time it is to be assumed that the teeth 24 are intermeshed or in engagement with the teeth II.

The spira1 ribs 9 in the bit cause the same to turn in a counterclockwise direction, as is obvious. Then as the bit drops away from the lower end of the weighted follower vpipe or casing I8, the turning of the bit causes the teeth I4a. to rise on the pinnacle or crest portions of the underlying teeth I4 on the drill bit. The teeth are so arranged that the teeth I4 move out of engagement with the superposed teeth I4a. without interfering with the downward movement of the bit or the turning thereof. This same coaction of the teeth is observed between the aforesaid teeth II and 24. Now when the heavy weighted casing or tube I8 drops of its own weight in the follower action it is evident that the teeth I4a come into cam-like engagement with the teeth I4 on the bit and cause the bit to rotate in the same direction as was given thereto by the action of the' ribA I0. The same is true of the cam coaction of the teeth 24 and II. Thus the ribs 9 impart the initial rotary motion and the secondary progressive rotary motion is accomplished by the coaction of the two sets of teeth and the progressive dropping of the weight applying casing I8.

It is obvious that by swivelly connecting the casing; Is with the druiiiead, the latter has iiidependent reciprocating and lrotary motion. 'Ihe swivel connection also mechanically joins the drill unitto the lower end of the casing I8 so that when the latter is pulled from the well the entire drill structure is lifted up.

It is believed that the progressive reciprocating and rotating coaction o f parts is clear from the drawings and description. The construction of the impact unit comprising the upper and lower sections I9 and 22 swivelly joined together by a coupling which transmits the blow to the drill head or unit is also clear. Then too, the explanation of the self-operating trapping valve means inthe lower end of the cylinder 22 appears to be clear. The drillings back up through the bit'into the receiver 22 and after this is fully charged and the device is drawn or pulled to the surface, the cuttings can be emptied.

It is thought that the description taken in connection with the drawings will enable a clear understanding of the inventionto behad. Therefore, a more lengthy description is thought unnecessary.

While the preferred embodiment of the invention has `been shown and described, it is to be understood that minor changes coming within the eld of invention claimed may be resorted to if desired.

I claim.

1. A combined driving and boring tool for drilling wells comprising a drilling bit, a drillY tube, a toothed rotary driving connection between the tube and bit, said bit being provided with an impact receiving shoulder, a sectional impact unit mounted in said drill tube, said unit including a coupling having a hammer pin, said coupling swivelly adjoining the complemental.

sections, and a reciprocatory cable 'controlled' hammer cooperable with said pin.

2. As a component part of anA assemblage of the class described, a cylinder, a coupling detachably and swivelly connected with said cyl-d' mder, said' coupling being `of solid formation and provided with a reduced concentrically disposed upstanding impact pin, a cable controlled reciprocatory hammer, a pipe-length forming a casing fon said hammer, said casing resting lon said coupling and surrounding in concentric relation said pin.

3. In a driving and boring tool of the class mer, an impact pin, and means for transmitting the blow from the pin directly to the shoulder on said head. 4

4. As a new article of manufacture, and as a component part of a combined driving and boring tool for drilling wells,` a drill head unit comprising a bit centrally bored and provided withV spiral drilling and turning ribs, said bit being provided with a concentric upstanding tubular extension, said extension being provided on its upper end with impact receiving and turning teeth, the upper part of said drill bit having a screw-threaded shoulder and upstanding circumferentially spaced teeth, a sleeve connected to -said drill bit and concentrically surrounding the tubular extension and teeth described, a drilling head including a shouldered carried by said drill bit, said sleeve being adapted to function as a housing for the lower toothed end of an associated weight 'applying casing.

5. As a component part of an assemblage of the class described, an impact receiving and blow transmitting unit comprising a 'cylinder,

the lower end of said cylinder being .toothed and provided with an automatically operable iiap

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