US2205027A - Compensating carburetor - Google Patents

Description

June 18, J. c. BENNER COMPENSATING CARBURETOR Filed Nov. 20, 1937 Patented June 18, 1940 UNITED STATES COMPENSATING CARBURETOR Joseph Clifford Benner, Kansas City, Mo., as-

signor to Velma Pearl Bnner, Kansas City,

Application November 20, 1937, Serial No. 175,729

3 Claims.

This invention relates to a compensating carburetor for use with internal combustion engines.

An object of the invention is the provision of a carburetor having a casing in which is slidably mounted a piston provided with a central passage formed with a Venturi section which is adapted to be partially closed by a vaporizing plate when the engine is idling or at slow speeds, the piston being maintained in such position by a spring which resists the suction force of the engine, the increased suction in the engine, however, causing the piston to be moved away from the vaporizing plate whereby the flow of air is increased through the carburetor and in direct contact with the films of fuel spread over the vaporizing plate so that a mist is created and conducted to the cylinders of the internal combustion engine.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a carburetor having a casing in which a piston is maintained in one position by a spring and being urged in an opposite direction by increased suction in the internal combustion engine so that when a Venturi section in a central passage in the piston is moved away from a vaporizing plate a greater volume of. air is drawn through the carburetor and intimately mixed with the fuel, a throttle valve controling the outflow of the mixture with operating mechanism connecting the throttle valve with a needle valve which in turn controls the flow of fuel from a float chamber to the vaporizing plate, the control of theneedle valve being commensurate with the opening or closing of the throttle valve.

A further object of the invention is the provision of a carburetor having a casing in which a piston is mounted and movable in one direction by the action of a spring and movable in the opposite direction under the'influence of the suction in an internal comb'ustionengine, a perforated vaporizing plate cooperating with the Venturi section to close the passage in the piston to incoming air except the small quantity which is permitted to pass through the perforations in the plate, the piston and perforated platewhen co-actively engaged acting as a choke, the increased suction in the engine causing the piston to move away from the perforated plate to permit the flow of an increased quantity of air through the venturi. v

This invention will be best understood from a consideration of the following detailed description, in view of the accompanying drawing forming a part of the specification; nevertheless, it is to be understood that the invention is not confined to the disclosure being susceptible of such changes and modifications as define no material departure from the salient features of the invention as expressed in the appended claims.

In the drawing:

Figure 1 is a vertical section of a carburetor constructed in accordance with the principles of my invention,

Figure 2 is a vertical section taken along the line 2--2 of, Figure 1,

Figure 3 is a vertical section taken along the line 3-3 of Figure 1,

Figure 4 is a horizontal section taken along the line 4--4 of Figure 1,

Figure 5 is a plan view of a compensating piston in detached relation from the carburetor, and

Figure 6 is a vertical section of a vaporizing plate used in the carburetor.

Referring more particularly to the drawing, It designates an intake manifold which is adapted to connect the engine cylinders with the lower or outlet end H of a casing l2 and where the casing is reduced in cross section. A cover plate, generally designated by the numeral l3, not only forms the top of the casing l2 but has also integrally formed therewith a conduit M providing a down-draft air intake for the carburetor. This intake may be connected with a heating apparatus connected with the exhaust manifold for increasing the temperature of the air before it is conducted into the casing l2. An auxiliary air valve la is in said intake.

The lower reduced end of the casing is provided with a throttle valve connected with a shaft l6 mounted in bearings l l formed by bosses projecting diametrically from. the lower reduced end of the casing. The shaft i6 is operated by a lever I8 and a link (not shown) is adapted to connect this lever with an operating means either on the dash of the vehicle or upon the steering column or with the usual accelerator pedal.

A float chamber is connected to the casing 12 in any approved manner and is provided with the usual float 2| having a guide rod 22, a valve 23 is adapted to engage a valve seat 24 at the outer end of a pipe 25 which is connected with a source of fuel (not shown).

The chamber 20 is provided with an oifset 26 which has a passage 27 connecting the chamber 20 with a valve chamber 28 formed in the offset portion 26. A valve 29 is adapted to engage a seat 30 which closes the passage 21 between the chambers 20 and 28 in a manner which will be presently explained.

The valve 29 is provided with an enlarged portion 3| which extends above the upper end of the offset and is connected with an arm 32 by means of a screw 33 to a link 34.

The lower end of the link 34 is connected to an eccentric pin 35 carried by a disc 36 which is. secured to one end of the shaft l6 which carries the throttle valve [5.

A bracket or projection to extends from a wall of the casing l2 and is provided with a passage 4| adapted to align with a discharge port 42 formed in the olfset 25 whereby the valve cham" ber 28 is placed in communication with the horizontal passage 4| in the bracket or arm 40. The passage 4| has an angular section 43 which opens at the underface of the arm 35i.

A vaporizing plate 45 having a plurality of perforations or passages is has an annular flange 47. Said plate is connected to the arm and supported thereby. It will be noted that the discharge port 33 opens directly above the vaporizing plate 35 so that the fuel is discharged directly onto this plate. A Venturi tube 5D is slidably mounted within the casing l2 and is provided with grooves 5| to receive the usual packing rings. The Venturi tube is provided with a central passage, generally designed by the numeral 52, and this passage is provided with a Venturi section generally designated by the numeral 53 so that the passage will have a pair of oppositely flared portions 54 and 55. The walls of the flared portion 55 when the engine is idling will normally engage the periphery of the vaporizing disc 45.

A guide rod 56 is located below the top portion E3 of the casing and is supported in an enlarged end 5? of the member All. This rod is provided with a flange 58 at its lower end from which depends a pair of forks 59. An eccentric disc 6|! is received by the fork and a shaft 6! connected to the disc is adapted to rotate the same. A shaft is formed. on the lower portion of the casing it. A manipulating rod 63 is secured to the outer projecting end of the shaft 33 whereby the shaft may be manually rotated for causing the eccentric disc to be revolved against the flange 58 so that the rod 56 may be raised or lowered against the tension of a spring 57 which has its lower end abutting the flange 58 and the upper end. abutting a ring 68 which is part of the spider 55 connected with the member 5? The spring at all times tends to maintain the member 50 in its uppermost position as shown in Fig. l.

The rotation of the eccentric disc 60 will increase or decrease the tension on the spring 6'! and this adjustment is made to conform to the degree of pull by the engine cylinders on the Venturi tube 5D.

In other words, when it is found that the member 5i fails to move away from the vaporizing plate at a predetermined speed of the engine the cam 65 is rotated to release the tension on the spring 6']. When the member 58 moves away from the plate too rapidly the cam is adjusted to increase tension on the spring 6'1 because in that case too much air will be supplied for the amount of fuel which is drawn in. On the other hand if the member fails to move away from the plate 45 at the proper time the engine will be choked.

The operation of my carburetor is as follows: When the engine is started the suction in the engine cylinder and likewise in the intake manifold i0 is not suificiently strong to force the piston 50 away from its position against the vaporizing plate 45 and against the action of the spring 51 so that a limited quantity of air is drawn through the perforations 46 although a greater amount of fuel is drawn from the passage II in the arm 40 onto the vaporizing plate 45. Thus it will be seen that sufiicient fuel is drawn into the engine with a limited supply of air so that it is unnecessary to have a choking device since this carbureter effectively Operates as a choking device at a time when necessary. The piston 56 is also in the position shown in Fig. 1 when the engine is operating at low speeds.

As the throttle valve I5, which is shown in the closed position in Fig. 1, is opened the eccentric 35 is raised, thereby raising the needle valve 29 and allowing more fuel to pass through the passage 4| onto the vaporizing plate 45 so that as the quantity of air passing through the casin I2 is increased the quantity of fuel will be proportionately increased.

When the suction in the engine cylinder is sufiiciently great to act on the piston or valve 50 this valve is drawn downwardly against the tension of the spring 61, thereby moving the inclined walls of the Venturi section 53 away from the plate 45 so that more air will pass through the casing due to the fact that the air will pass around the edges of the plate and also through the perforations 46. As the air passes around the plate and through the perforations at said air will be whirled in a number of directions and the fuel which is discharged onto the plate will be thoroughly commingled with the air to create a mist so that the engine will be economically operated.

The diameter of the perforations 45 and the number of the perforations are determined in advance so that the best results will be obtained in the carburetor.

As the suction in the casing i2 decreases due to adjustments of the throttle valve I5, the spring 67 will tend to return the Venturi tube 5%.- towards the vaporizing plate 45 and thus reduce the quantity of air passing through said casing. When the throttle valve is moved away from the horizontal position towards and then to the vertical position a greater quantity of air is drawn through the chamber and likewise a sufficient quantity of fuel is supplied to the perforated plate to properly take care of the engine needs.

As the throttle valve I5 is operated the needle valve 29 will also be actuated to take care of the quantity of fuel supplied to the incoming air. When the position of the throttle valve is being reversed or is being moved from the vertical to the horizontal position the quantity of air will be cut down as will be the amount of fuel sup plied because the needle valve is then being moved closer to its seat for reducing the supply of liquid fuel to the air.

The guide rod 56 is adapted to be adjusted to increase or decrease the tension of the spring 6'? so that the Venturi tube 563 will move to provide for an economical operation of the engine.

I claim:

1. A carbureting device connected to an intake manifold of an engine and comprising a casing, a movable tube having a passage provided with a Venturi section, a plate having perforations and fixed in a predetermined position, means for resiliently supporting the tube in the casing and for urging the tube towards the plate, the walls of the tube at one side of the venturi adapted to engage the periphery of the plate when the Venturi tube is in its uppermost position for closing said passage except for the perforations in the plate through which air and fuel are drawn, means for supplying the plate with a liquid fuel, said tube adapted to be moved away from the plate by the suction in the intake manifold to permit varying quantities of air to pass around the periphery of the plate While some of the air is drawn through the perforations, an arm in the casing and extending from a wall of said casing,

said means for supplying the liquid including a passage formed in the arm, the plate being connected-to the arm and located centrally of the casing.

2. A carbureting device connected to an intake manifold of an engine and comprising a casing, a rod slidably mounted axially of the casing and provided with a shoulder, an arm projecting from a wall of the casting and provided with an opening to receive the rod, a perforated plate secured to the arm centrally of the casing, a Venturi tube slidable in the casing, a spring on the rod having one end supported by the shoulder, the other end of the spring resiliently supporting the Vent'uri tube in the casing and urging said tube against the perforated plate and tending to close the Venturi tube except for the perforation in the plate, said arm having a passage opening at one end over the plate, means for supplying liquid fuel to the passage, said tube being drawn away from the plate by the suction in the intake manifold against the tension of the spring, means for conducting air on to the plate, and means for causing the rod to be moved longitudinally of the casing for increasing the tension on the spring.

3. A carbureting device connected to an intake manifold of an engine and comprising a casing, a rod slidably mounted axially of the casing and provided with a shoulder, an arm projecting from a wall of the casing and provided with an opening to receive the rod, a perforated plate secured to the arm centrally of the casing, a Venturi tube slidalole in the casing, a spring on the rod having one end supported by the shoulder, the other end of the spring resiliently supporting the Venturi tube in the casing and urging said tube against the perforated plate and tending to close the'Venturi tube except for the perforation in the plate, said arm having a passage opening at one end over the plate, means for supplying liquid fuel to the passage, said tube being drawn away from the plate by the suction in the intake manifold against the tension of the spring, means for conducting air on to the plate, a cam rotatably mounted in the casing and engaging theshoulder, and means for rotating the cam for raising the rod and increasing the tension on the spring.

JOSEPH CLIFFORD BENNER.

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