US2204500A - Method of drying wet thread - Google Patents

Method of drying wet thread Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2204500A
US2204500A US207530A US20753038A US2204500A US 2204500 A US2204500 A US 2204500A US 207530 A US207530 A US 207530A US 20753038 A US20753038 A US 20753038A US 2204500 A US2204500 A US 2204500A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
thread
reel
drying
shrinkage
shrink
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US207530A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Hayden B Kline
Lavern J Jordan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Industrial Rayon Corp
Original Assignee
Industrial Rayon Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to BE420516D priority Critical patent/BE420516A/xx
Priority claimed from US107667A external-priority patent/US2203686A/en
Application filed by Industrial Rayon Corp filed Critical Industrial Rayon Corp
Priority to US207530A priority patent/US2204500A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2204500A publication Critical patent/US2204500A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D10/00—Physical treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture, i.e. during a continuous production process before the filaments have been collected
    • D01D10/04—Supporting filaments or the like during their treatment
    • D01D10/0436—Supporting filaments or the like during their treatment while in continuous movement
    • D01D10/0454—Supporting filaments or the like during their treatment while in continuous movement using reels
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D10/00—Physical treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture, i.e. during a continuous production process before the filaments have been collected
    • D01D10/06—Washing or drying
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S264/00—Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes
    • Y10S264/71—Processes of shaping by shrinking

Definitions

  • viscose artificial silk thread shall have along its length uniform physical and physico-chemical characteristics, this being particularly true in respect of what may be called its residual capacity to shrink.
  • residual capacity to shrink may be defined as the amount, in proportion to its original dry length, a dry thread will, if unrestrained in any manner, shrink upon being rewet and redried. Residual capacity to shrink is imparted to a thread which is prevented from completely shrinking as it is dried, the amount-of shrinkage which the thread is permitted to experience before being preventcd from further shrinking being determinative of its residual capacity to shrink. Uniformity of residual capacity to shrink is, however, extremely difficult to attain.
  • Uniformity of these physical and physicochemical characteristics is particularly desirable in thread employed in the weaving of fabrics.
  • the cloth is initially woven to a width substantially equal to or slightly greater than the desired width of the finished fabric.
  • the woven fabric after being washed, dyed, etc., is dried in tentering frames which hold the fabric to the desired finished width.
  • the thread of which the fabric is formed has a high residual capacity to shrink, tearing of the fabricmay result during the drying operation, due to stresses set up in the fabric as it shrinks while being thus held in the tens tering frames. For this reason, it is desirable that the thread forming the fabric have a low residual capacity to shrink, particularly since the looms used in the weaving industry, being of fixed widths, may not be adjusted to compensate for excessive shrinkage stresses.
  • Non-uniformity in such characteristics causes imperfections in the finished cloth, which imperfections are especially noticeable in dyed fabrics.
  • the manner of drying the thread determines to a large extent the uniformity and amount of residual capacity to shrink imparted to the thread, as well as the uniformity of other physical and physlco-chemical characteristics of the thread. For this reason, it is diflicult to manufacture wholly satisfactory woven fabrics from artificial silk thread produced by a wet-spinning process in which the thread is dried on the spool on which it is collected.
  • Such thread does not possess a satisfactory degree of uniformity, particularly in respect of the desired low residual capacity to shrink. This arises from the fact that the thread does not shrink evenly when dried on the spool.
  • thread which has been dried while wound on a spool has a residual capacity to shrink which varies widely at different points along its length.
  • portions of the thread which are wound directly on the spool, being prevented thereby from shrinking on drying have a high residual capacity to shrink, as do also portions on the outer surface of the cake which, due to their rapid drying, are prevented from shrinking by the inner layers of thread.
  • Other portions of the thread which are permitted to shrink more or less freely, such as the portions of thread in the inner layers of the cake have a relatively low residual capacity to shrink.
  • the present invention it is possible to produce thread which is of uniform physical and physico-chemical characteristics along its entire length, having in particular a uniform, predetermined residual capacity to shrink which may be as low as desired.
  • the thread because of the control over the shrinkage made possible by the present invention, is of a higher quality than the best that it has heretofore been possible to manufacture on a commercial scale. It is particularly well suited to employment in the weaving of fabric.
  • the thread is dried while temporarily stored on a winding reel in a plurality of spaced, advancing generally helical turns, the reel being adapted to permit either substantially complete shrinkage of the thread or unrestrained shrinkage of the thread to a point at which a desired residual capacity to shrink is imparted to the thread. Therefore, highly uniform artificial silk thread well suited for weaving may be produced at a much lower cost than has been heretofore possible.
  • artificial silk thread may, as part of a continuous process, be unwound from the package in which it was collected, dried on a winding reel embodying the principles of this invention, and
  • Such operations may be performed, for instance, by means of the apparatus shown, described and claimed in prior copending applications Serial Nos. 41,425 and 41,426, both filed September 20, 1935, in which one or more winding reels are employed for processing thread supplied thereto directly from the spinning package.
  • the thread may be dried according to this invention on apparatus of the general type shown, claimed and described in prior copending application Serial No. 7,114, filed February 18, 1935.
  • the invention will be described in connection with the drying of viscose artificial silk thread on a reel forming'part of a. machine for the continuous manufacture of artificial silk thread, of the general type disclosed in the above-mentioned applicationserial No. 7,114.
  • Figure 1 is a side elevation of a portion of the machine of the general type shown in said last-mentioned application.
  • Figure 2 is a front elevation of the same machine.
  • Figure 3 is a side elevation on an enlarged scale of a winding reel on which the thread may be dried according to this invention, parts being aaoasoo broken away more clearly to show the construction thereofu
  • Figure 4 is an end elevation of the reel from line 3-3 of Figure 3.
  • Figure 5 is a graph showing the amount of shrinkage of viscose artificial silk thread for various moisture contents.
  • Figures 6 and 7 show diagrammatic profile contours of reels on a larger scale than Figures 3 and 4.
  • Figure 8 shows diagrammatically a preferred profile contour of a reel embodying the invention, revealing the relation of the thread to the reel during operation thereof.
  • the thread I from a suitable source such as a coagulating bath in which it has been formed, is passed in sequence to and over each of a series of suitable winding reels on each of which it is subjected to one or more desired processing treatments, three such reels, bearing reference numerals 2, 3 and 4, being shown in these figures.
  • a suitable distributor 5 supplied by pipe 6 from a supply manifold I which may extend longitudinally of the machine and serve like reels in a horizontal series.
  • the liquid is collected in a suitable trough 8 which may be disposed beneath the reel and likewise extend longitudinally of the machine.
  • Winding reels 2, 3 and 4 may, as illustrated, be of cantilever form, having one end free and unobstructed as shown, in which case the reels may be disposed in a stepped arrangement as illustrated. Such an arrangement is advantageous in that it provides ready access to the reels for threading up, inspection, replacement, repair, etc.
  • Each of the reels may be driven as illustrated through gears III and I I from a drive shaft l2 driven from a main drive shaft I3 which extends longitudinally of the machine and drives each of the drive shafts I2 for a vertical series of reels.
  • Cap-twister 9 may be actuated in the conventional manner whereby a belt I4, driven by suitable means, may rapidly rotate the bobbinsupporting whirl I 5 while it is being vertically reciprocated by chain I6 which may be actuated by any suitable means.
  • each reel comprises two rigid generally cylindrical members I! and I8.
  • Member II which may be termed the concentric member, is mounted concentrically upon and for rotation with drive shaft l9 and has its periphery comprised of a plurality of bar members 2
  • Member I8 which may be termed the eccentric member, may be rotatably mounted with its axis slightly offset from and askew to that of member I1 and has its periphery comprised of a plurality of bar members 22 equal in number to the bar members 2
  • Concentric member l1 may be formed as shown with the bar'members 2
  • Eccentric member I8 is formed of a rigid cagelike member 21 mounted concentrically upon an annular supporting member 28 as by bolts 29.
  • Rigid cage-like member 21 is formed of the aforesaid bar members 22 which are provided at their supported ends with an external supporting rib 3
  • Annular supporting member 28 is rotatably supported in the desired ofiset and askew position with respect to the axis of concentric member I! by being rotatably mounted on frame member 32, the shaft 19 being journalled in or otherwise supported in the desired relationship to frame member 32.
  • a bushing 33 may, if desired, be provided in annular supporting member 28 to act as a bearing.
  • Rotation of reel drive shaft l9 causes ocncentrio member l'i fixed thereto to rotate, whereupon contact of bar members 2
  • the offset rotation of the generally cylindrical members l1 and It causes the thread to transfer from the bar members of one generally cylindrical member to the bar members of the other generally cylindrical member.
  • the askew relationship of the generally cylindrical members causes the thread to advance in a plurality of spaced generally helical turns lengthwise of the reel.
  • the other reels 2 and 3 of the illustrated apparatus may be of the same general type and operate in the same general manner.
  • the thread As the thread is continuously stored on the drying reel 4 ( Figures 1 and 2), it is dried by suitable means. In the apparatus illustrated, the drying is accomplished by means of heated 'air supplied from a supply manifold 35 through the shaft IQ of the reel 4 which may be made hollow for this purpose. The heated air passes through the holes 36 in shaft I9 ( Figure 4) to a chamber 31 in the interior of the cylindrical body 23 of concentric member ll. It reaches the thread stored on the reel through the holes 38 which may extend toward the spaces between the bars 2
  • a suitable housing 39 may be provided, the same being supplied, if desired, with a door 4
  • the air may pass through return duct to an exhaust manifold 43 whence it may pass to suitable reconditioning and reheating means, not shown, after which it may be recirculated back throughsupply manifold 35.
  • the reel is made of metal having good heat 2 conductivity, as aluminum, drying of the thread of heat through the reel members to the thread. as well as by convection of the air.
  • the periphery of the reel is so designed as in part to permit the thread to dry out of actual contact with the reel.
  • the curve of Figure represents the percentages of free shrinkage of the thread from the length in the wet condition for various percentages of moisture in the thread.
  • the moisture content plotted as the abscissa, is the proportion that the weight of the moisture in the thread bears to the weight of the bone dry thread at any given time, while the percentage of shrinkage, plotted as the ordinate, is the proportion that the reduction in length of the thread due to shrinkage bears to the original wet length of the thread for a given moisture content.
  • the occurrence of but slight shrinkage of the thread while its moisture content is being reduced from 300% to 150% may be due to the fact that substantially all of the moisture removed from the thread during this drying phase may be surface moisture, while the high percentage of shrinkage which occurs while the moisture content of the thread is reduced from 150% is probably due to a change in the structure of the thread during the removal of internal moisture from the thread. It has been found that moisture is rapidly removed from the thread until its moisture content is reduced to the point of pronounced shrinkage, whereas the remaining moisture is removed from the thread more slowly. This is probably due to the fact that the surface moisture is rapidly removed by evaporation, while the remaining moisture in the thread is removed more slowly by diffusion.
  • the diameter of the generally helical turns of thread will tend to decrease due to shrinkage of the thread.
  • a given set of operating conditions of the reel including a given spacing of the shrinkage is unrestrained, define a surface having diameters decreasing from the initial diameter of the generally helical turns in which the wet thread was wound to a smaller diameter determined by the amount of shrinkage of the thread, the curvature of the portion of the surface of revolution between the two portions of different diameters being determined by the shrinkage characteristics of the thread.
  • the reel is substantially cylindrical; from point 2) to point the diameter of the reel diminishes, the profile contour between point b and point 0 being a curve from the larger diameter of portion a-b of the reel to a smaller diameter; while from point 0, at which shrinkage of the thread cases, to the point d, at which the thread leaves the reel, the reel is substantially cylindrical.
  • the preferred contom of a reel embodying the invention is substantially similar to the theoretical contour, as shown in Figure '7.
  • the reel may comprise two generally cylindrical portions A-B and CD having between them an intermediate portion BC so formed that it varies somewhat from the portion 17-0 of the ideal contour, the diameters of portion 3-0 of the preferred reel being less than the corresponding diameters of a reel having the ideal contour, as shown in Figure 7.
  • at least a portion of the periphery of the reel over which pronounced shrinkage of the thread takes place decreases in diameter at a greater rate, as the turns of thread are advanced along said portion, than the diameter of each turn of thread tends to decrease due to shrinkage of the thread.
  • substantially unrestrained shrinkage of the thread is allowed to take place over such a portion of the reel.
  • the diameters of the portion CD of the reel may be such as to determine the amount of residual capacity to shrink imparted to the thread; that is, the generally cylindrical portion CD may be of such diameter that the thread leaves the tapered portion BD and starts on the portion CD, as at point E, before it is completely shrunk. In such case, drying of the thread is completed on the generally cylindrical portion CD and a definite, uniform, controlled residual capacity to shrink is imparted to the thread. If desired, the diameters of portion CD may be such as to allow the thread to shrink completely, in which case the thread may have no residual capacity to shrink.
  • the diameter of portion CD of a reel of the preferred contour is slightly larger than the corresponding portion of a reel of the theoretical contour shown, thus providing a certain small amount of residual capacity to shrink in the thread.
  • a reel having a theoretical ,contour may also be similarly made larger at the corresponding portion to provide a desired amount of residual capacity to shrink in thread which may be dried on a reel having such contour.
  • the generally cylindrical portion C'--D of a reel of the preferred contour may, as illustrated, be somewhat longer than is necessary to dry the thread to the desired moisture content, since such longer portion may provide an additional setting period for the thread to reach equilibrium drying conditions before it leaves the reel.
  • the thread may not be dried to a bone-dry condition, but to a condition in which the thread has a moisture content of around 10% of the bonedry weight of the thread, corresponding to the ordinary regain moisture content of thread produced by ordinary methods. This moisture is advantageous if, as in the illustrated embodiment, the thread is twisted after leaving the drying reel, since a moisture content of this amount aids in the twisting operation.
  • the position of the thread on the reel while being dried is shown to advantage in the diagrammatic view of Figure 8, which shows in profile the preferred contour of the reel and the cross-section of the threads thereon.
  • Figure 8 shows in profile the preferred contour of the reel and the cross-section of the threads thereon.
  • the thread may be very wet, having a moisture content which may be in the neighborhood of 300%.
  • the moisture content 01' the thread is reduced as the thread is advanced alongportions A--B of the reel at such a rate that, as the thread reaches the vicinity of point B, it is in the condition corresponding to point B on the moisture content-shrinkage curve of Figure 5, at which point pronounced shrinkage of the thread begins.
  • the portion A-B of the reel may be substantially cylindrical, since the amount of shrinkage of the thread as its moisture content is reduced to the point to which pronounced shrinkage of the thread commences is so small as to be almost negligible.
  • the contour of the portion A-B of the reel may, if desired, be of such shape as to conform to even such slight amount of shrinkage of the thread.
  • portion A--B of the reel While the thread has been quite firmly supported on portion A--B of the reel, it is loosely supported when it is advanced over the-portion of the diminishing diameters BC of the reel, due to the previously mentioned fact that the reductions of the diameters of the reel, as the thread advances along this portion, are greater than the reductions in diameters of the corresponding turns of thread occurring from shrinkage of the thread.
  • the action of the reel as the thread turns advance along theportion BD thereof is not so much that of supporting the thread turns, but that of guiding and advancing the thread turns.
  • the thread is thus allowed substantially unrestrained shrinkage until it comes into contact with the portion C-D of the reel, on which portion, if desired, the shrinkage of the thread may be halted and the drying of the thread allowed to proceed to completion.
  • the shrinkage of the thread may be halted and the drying of the thread allowed to proceed to completion.
  • the invention contemplates the employment of reel contours of various kinds in the portion of the periphery over which unrestrained shrinkage of the thread is permitted to occur, but in general a straight line contour such as that of portion BC of the reel shown and described is preferred.
  • the amount the thread shrinks and the residual capacity to shrink imparted to the thread are thus not aifected by such variations in drying conditions, since the thread is in each case permitted unrestrained shrinkage until it reaches portion C--D.
  • This advantage is not obtained on a reel having a tapered portion which decreases in diameter more gradually than the thread turns tend to decrease due to shrinkage.
  • the thread is under an appreciable amount of tension as it passes over the tapered portion of the reel, since any variation in the drying conditions causes the thread to complete its drying at difierent portions on the tapered portion of the reel, thus varying the amount of shrinkage occurring in the thread as well as the residual capacity to shrink imparted to the thread.
  • reels of the type embodying the preferred form of the invention may operate under varying conditions without appreciable variations in the final physical properties of the thread, it is therefore possible to dry a plurality of threads, as on apparatus of the type illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, without appreciable variations from thread to thread in the residual capacities to shrink of the thread or in other physical and chemical properties which may be affected by variations in drying conditions.
  • This is particularly advantageous, since in the operation of machines in which large numbers of threads are dried, it is not commercially practicable to maintain exactly uniform and identical drying conditions for all of the threads; yet by means of reels embodying the present invention it is possible to have all threads produced on such apparatus of substantially identical physical properties.
  • the reel is preferably rotated at approximately 165 R. P. M., the thread being supplied from a preceding reel rotating at the same speed and having reel' members of 5 diameters at their discharge ends. Due to the construction of the reel, the thread is advanced in a plurality of generally helical turns which are spaced approximately 1 6" apart. It is dried by heated air supplied at 185 F. at a static pressure of about 6" of water. The finished thread has along its entire length a very uniform low residual capacity to shrink very closely approximating 0.6%, all other physical and chemical characteristics of the thread being also of a high degree of uniformity.
  • the amount of tension in the wet thread at the commencement of the drying operation determines to an appreciable extent the amount of residual capacity to shrink imparted to the thread when it is dried on the reels of the present invention.
  • the thread is under relatively great tension at the beginning of the drying operation, theresidual capacity to shrink imparted to the thread will be higher than if the thread is under relatively little tension at the commencement of the drying operation. For this reason, it is desirable that, at the commencement of the drying operation, the thread be under as little tension as practicable for satisfactory operation of the reel.
  • portion AB of the reel which is less by a suitable amount than the linear speed at which the thread is supplied to the reel from the source of thread.
  • the peripheral speed. of portion AB of the drying reel may be less than the peripheral speed of the discharge end of the preceding reel.
  • any tension in the thread will be released, the thread, if it is at all stretched, being allowed to contract as it starts on the drying reel.
  • the efiect of the initial tension of the thread on the residual capacity to shrink imparted to the thread the following is illustrative:
  • Viscose artificial silk thread is dried according to the above-outlined method on an aluminum reel, of the type above described.
  • the reel is 5" long and has reel members 5" in diameter at the end at which the thread is started on the reel.
  • the difference in the diameters of portions A-B and CD of the reel is 4 the reel being rotated at R. P. M.
  • the thread is dried by heated air supplied from the interior oi the reel at F.
  • the diameter of portion AB of the reel is the same as that of the discharge end of the preceding reel and both reels are driven at the same speed. Consequently, no attempt is made to release any tension existing in the thread.
  • the residual capacity to shrink of the thread so dried is in the neighborhood of Thread of the same kind is dried on a reel of the same general dimensions as the reel of the preceding example, the only difference being that the diameter of portion AB of the reel is 1% less than the diameter of the discharge end of the reel immediately preceding it. In this case, as in the preceding case, there is a difference of l /2% between the diameters of portions AB 6 and C-D of the reel. Both the reel in question and the reel immediately preceding it are rotated at 165 R. P. M., the thread being dried by heated air at 185 F. supplied from the interior of the drying reel. The residual capacity to shrink is in the neighborhood of .5%.
  • the method of drying wet thread comprising the steps of continuously winding the wet thread in a plurality of generally helical turns upon a thread-advancing device heated to a temperature high enough to remove moisture from the thread, the thread being wound upon said device under a degree of tension such that the turns are supported firmly; advancing the thread lengthwise of said device in the form of a travel- (a ing helix characterized by loosely supported generally helical turns which are substantially free from tension, meanwhile removing moisture from the thread to an extent such that a substantial amount of unrestrainedshrinkage takes place; i.
  • the method of drying wet thread comprising the steps of continuously winding the wet thread in a plurality of generally helical turns 7 upon a thread-advancing device heated to a temperature high enough to remove moisture from the thread, the thread being wound upon said device under a degree of tension such that the turns are supported firmly; advancing the thread lengthwise of said device in the form'of a traveling helix characterized by loosely supported generally helical turns which are substantially free from tension, meanwhile removing moisture from the thread to an extent such that a substantial amount of unrestrained shrinkage takes place;

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
US207530A 1936-10-26 1938-05-12 Method of drying wet thread Expired - Lifetime US2204500A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE420516D BE420516A (en(2012)) 1936-10-26
US207530A US2204500A (en) 1936-10-26 1938-05-12 Method of drying wet thread

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US107667A US2203686A (en) 1936-10-26 1936-10-26 Thread-advancing reel
US207530A US2204500A (en) 1936-10-26 1938-05-12 Method of drying wet thread

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2204500A true US2204500A (en) 1940-06-11

Family

ID=26805022

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US207530A Expired - Lifetime US2204500A (en) 1936-10-26 1938-05-12 Method of drying wet thread

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US2204500A (en(2012))
BE (1) BE420516A (en(2012))

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BE420516A (en(2012))

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2002996A (en) Continue process and apparatus
US2956330A (en) Stabilized yarn
US2295593A (en) Yarn preparation
US3003222A (en) Controlled relaxation of freshly drawn nylon
US2319812A (en) Apparatus for treating and drying thread
US2178104A (en) Apparatus for handling thread or the like
US2339323A (en) Treatment of synthetic textile fibers
US2204500A (en) Method of drying wet thread
US2203686A (en) Thread-advancing reel
JPS6042301B2 (ja) 太繊度合成繊維フイラメントの延伸方法
US3161913A (en) Yarn relaxing apparatus
US3018609A (en) Process for the hot stretching of yarns of synthetic materials
US2780347A (en) Apparatus for the treatment of thread
US2778090A (en) Method of treating synthetic yarn
US1985603A (en) Process of winding threads and the like
US2217707A (en) Methods of and apparatus for manufacturing thread or the like
US2303052A (en) Manufacture of artificial silk thread or the like
US2286213A (en) Method of drying thread or the like
US3258904A (en) Winding of textile filaments or yarns
US2209983A (en) Thread or the like
US2122290A (en) Artificial thread and method for preparing same
US2202031A (en) Method of treating yarn
US2232542A (en) Process for the production of artificial thread
US2439829A (en) Method of producing artificial yarn
US3416188A (en) Apparatus for heat-treating thermoplastic synthetic fibers