US2201216A - Electron tube - Google Patents

Electron tube Download PDF

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Publication number
US2201216A
US2201216A US122216A US12221637A US2201216A US 2201216 A US2201216 A US 2201216A US 122216 A US122216 A US 122216A US 12221637 A US12221637 A US 12221637A US 2201216 A US2201216 A US 2201216A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
anode
ceramic
vessel
tube
electron tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US122216A
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English (en)
Inventor
Baier Otto
Jung-Zaeper Curt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Alcatel Lucent Deutschland AG
C Lorenz AG
Original Assignee
Standard Elektrik Lorenz AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Standard Elektrik Lorenz AG filed Critical Standard Elektrik Lorenz AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2201216A publication Critical patent/US2201216A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/50—Magnetrons, i.e. tubes with a magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field
    • H01J25/52—Magnetrons, i.e. tubes with a magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field with an electron space having a shape that does not prevent any electron from moving completely around the cathode or guide electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J19/00—Details of vacuum tubes of the types covered by group H01J21/00
    • H01J19/28—Non-electron-emitting electrodes; Screens
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2893/00—Discharge tubes and lamps
    • H01J2893/0001—Electrodes and electrode systems suitable for discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J2893/0012—Constructional arrangements
    • H01J2893/0013—Sealed electrodes

Definitions

  • siltube has asplit anode cylinder located in a mag- Ver is molten ontothe ceramic material so as to netic field. Connected to the parts or divisions produce a coating thereon, and this silver coat- 5 of this anode is an oscillatory circuit or Lecher ing is increased in thickness by electro-plating or wire system. The wavelength is in part dependent upon the tuning given to this oscillatory circuit or Lecher wire system. In the case of'very high frequencies the oscillatory circuit or Lecher wire system has been arranged within the vacuum vessel.
  • tubes -of this kind are made with the aid of ceramic materials.
  • the anode divisions are burnt or molten onto such ceramic material in a well known manner.
  • Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section of a split anode tube or so called Habann-tube as provided by the invention.
  • Fig. 2 represents a section on line 2-2 of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view representing a second form of Habann tube.
  • Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a third form of Habann tube.
  • Fig. 5 is a fragmentary cross-sectional view representing a slight modification of the arrangement shown in Fig. 4.
  • Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 5 and illustrates a modification of the arrangement disclosed in Fig. 4.
  • Fig. '7 is an end view illustrating an example of a split anode.
  • Fig. 8 shows a section on line 8-8 of Fig. 'I.
  • the vacuum vessel illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 consists of a tubular wall I made of a ceramic material.
  • Wall I is at its two ends united with covers 2, 3 fastened thereto by molten glass I1, for instance.
  • molten glass I1 for instance.
  • any other suitable means may be arranged to provide for vacuumtightness.
  • 2, 3 electrodes 4, ,1 5 are disposed which constitute the anode cylinder of the Habann tube.
  • the electrodes 4, 5 may be for instance pieces of sheet copper placed onto wall I so as to be supported thereby. It is however'particularly advantageous to employ a method by which such electrodes are produced on wall the advantage that the construction thus obtained is particularly stable and'hence capable of resisting shocks.
  • the electrodes 4, 5 are provided with leads 6, 1 inserted in the wall I in a manner to ensure the requisite vacuumtightness.
  • Wall I is fitted with a tubular extension 8 where a pump is connected in order to evacuate the vessel in a well known manner.
  • Extension 8 may be of glass, for instance, united with the ceramicwall' I by melting, and is sealed off after evacuation, as is well known with devices of this kind.
  • the cathode 9 is supported, by the covers 2, 3 and may consist of a helix of tungsten wire sealed into the covers 2, 3.
  • the outer circuit is suitably joined to the ends of the heating filament.
  • a bar-shaped cathode may be used that consists of a ceramic bar provided with a metal coating.
  • Figs. 1 and 2 has the advantage of being very compact, whereby the magnet poles which in a well known manner are associatedwith a Habann tube may be arranged in close proximity thereto. Furthermore, in the manufacture of such tubes the walls I may 'be obtained simply by cutting a ceramic tube in pieces of the length of such walls, whereby the manufacture will be cheaper than has been the case heretofore.
  • Lecher wire systems formed of metal coatings I2, I3 may be connected to the anode parts 4, 5. This construction has proved to be suitable for the production of very steady oscillations.
  • the high frequency energy is taken from the Lecher wire systems by galvanic contact or capacitively or inductively. This, however, is no feature of the invention and therefore is not illustrated.
  • the Habann tube shown in Fig. 4 is atube whose anode cylinder is made in four parts I4.
  • This tube has a bar shaped cathode 9A consisting of a ceramic bar 93 having a metal coating 90.
  • ceramic sockets I 5 are inserted whose internal ends carry the anode diby a die-casting method. This arrangement has of the wall I.
  • sockets M The sockets it are sealed into the vessel 1, as indicated at IT, so as to ensure vacuumtightness.
  • the arrangement of sockets l5 closed by the anodedivlsions N has the advantage that an intense cooling of the anode divisions is enabled, being effected either by air or by a, liquid such as water.
  • a conduit 25 may be disposed within each socket l5 in the manner shown in Fig. 4,-so as to cause the cooling medium to flow in the directionof the arrows.
  • This mode of cooling is known from the X-ray tubes and presents the advantage that with the aid of simple means a very intense cooling of the small electrodes is obtained.
  • the electrodes M have a tubular extension it which embraces the respective ceramic socket i5.
  • extension l6 and the anode division it are manufactured in a lathe in one piece of copper, for instance. l6 are preferably fitted to the sockets 55 by being shrunk thereon. These extensions are long enough to slightly project beyond the perimeter
  • the ceramic socket I5, metal extension l6 and vessel l are united with each other by melting; This may be eifected for instance by means of a short glass tube or ring, which is inserted over socket l5 and extension l6, and then caused in an oven to melt.
  • vessel l In order to usehere a simple piece of glass tube obtained by cutting a glass tube in pieces, vessel l is turned down at I! so as to be provided here with a plane face 26. If no such face were provided then the melting process would not be easy to effect, because in such case the vessel l and the piece of glass tube would be in the geometrical relation of two cylinders one of which is penetrating the other, the penetration figure not being plane.
  • the cathode 9 may be a bar-shaped ceramic body and fitted with a metal coating as above described.
  • Fig. 6 The arrangement shown in Fig. 6 is such that the current is easier to supply to the electrodes than in the case of Figs. 4 and 5.
  • Extension I6 is here shorter'than in Figs. 4 and 5.
  • Socket I5 is provided with a thin metal coating l8 that may be produced thereon by melting, for instance, and to which a current lead 21 is connected. It will be seen that a sort of so called metal skin bushing is employed here.
  • Extension l6 and parts l5, l8 are held together by glass sealings l1, l9 which provide for vacuumtightness. 1
  • the anode divisions may be associated with each other in the manner shown in Figs. 7 and 8.
  • and 23 are interconnected by bows A and B, each of these being located in a recess 0 of the anode divisions 22', 24, respectively.
  • the described embodiments of the are of a very solid construction and completely
  • the extensions invention fulfil the requirements before referred to, such as the requirement that the outer diameter oi A the vessel should be small enough.
  • An electron tube comprising a ceramic vacuum vessel, a split anode anda cathode within said vessel, and hollow ceramic studs sealed in the walls of said vessel and projecting inwardly from the wall thereof, the parts of said anode being fixed to theinner ends of said studs.
  • the ceramic vessel is composed of a surrounding the support and being normal thereto.
  • each of the anode divisions has an extension embracing the support carrying this extension, the external and of this extension reaching into a glass seal by which the said vessel and socket are held together.
  • An electron tube according to claim 1 having a bar-shaped cathode made of a ceramic body fitted with a metal coating.
  • An electron tube comprising a ceramic vacuum vessel, an anode and a cathode within said vessel and a hollow ceramic support projecting inwardly from the wall of said vessel and supporting said anode, said ceramic support also extending outwardly from the wall of said vessel.
  • An electron tube comprising a ceramic vacuum vessel, an anode and a cathode in said i the wall of said vessel.

Landscapes

  • Microwave Tubes (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Electron Tubes, Discharge Lamp Vessels, Lead-In Wires, And The Like (AREA)
US122216A 1936-01-24 1937-01-25 Electron tube Expired - Lifetime US2201216A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE468825X 1936-01-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2201216A true US2201216A (en) 1940-05-21

Family

ID=6540918

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US122216A Expired - Lifetime US2201216A (en) 1936-01-24 1937-01-25 Electron tube

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US2201216A (en(2012))
GB (1) GB468825A (en(2012))
NL (1) NL48374C (en(2012))

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2456888A (en) * 1943-01-28 1948-12-21 Westinghouse Electric Corp Magnetron
US2524179A (en) * 1944-04-13 1950-10-03 Edwin G Schneider Tuned ultra high frequency thermionic detector
US2546773A (en) * 1945-06-23 1951-03-27 Gen Electric Anode structure for space resonant discharge devices
US2615143A (en) * 1946-07-17 1952-10-21 Raytheon Mfg Co Magnetron electron discharge device
US2805361A (en) * 1946-07-17 1957-09-03 Raytheon Mfg Co Electron-discharge devices
US2828444A (en) * 1948-04-10 1958-03-25 Int Standard Electric Corp Cavity magnetron
US2909700A (en) * 1953-02-26 1959-10-20 Westinghouse Electric Corp Electrical discharge tube

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2456888A (en) * 1943-01-28 1948-12-21 Westinghouse Electric Corp Magnetron
US2524179A (en) * 1944-04-13 1950-10-03 Edwin G Schneider Tuned ultra high frequency thermionic detector
US2546773A (en) * 1945-06-23 1951-03-27 Gen Electric Anode structure for space resonant discharge devices
US2615143A (en) * 1946-07-17 1952-10-21 Raytheon Mfg Co Magnetron electron discharge device
US2805361A (en) * 1946-07-17 1957-09-03 Raytheon Mfg Co Electron-discharge devices
US2828444A (en) * 1948-04-10 1958-03-25 Int Standard Electric Corp Cavity magnetron
US2909700A (en) * 1953-02-26 1959-10-20 Westinghouse Electric Corp Electrical discharge tube

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL48374C (en(2012))
GB468825A (en) 1937-07-13

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