US2194778A - Means for expanding pistons - Google Patents

Description

March 19 40. A. WIEBKE 2,194,778 MEANS FOR EXPANDING PISTONS Filed Jan. 11, 1937 4 7&4 INVENTOR.

WM BY 26 27 Patented Mar. 26, 1940 PATENT OFFICE 7 2,194,778 MEANS FOR EXPANDING rrs'rons August Wiebke, Los Angeles, Calit, assignor to The Hastings Manufacturing Company,

Hastings, Mich, a corporation of Michigan Application January 11, 1937, Serial No. 120,028

1, Claim.

My invention relates to means for expanding pistons for the purpose of making a better fit and eliminating lateralmovement or piston slap in the cylinder with its attendant noise and faulty operation.

My invention is adapted for usein expanding pistons of all kinds, that is: ribbed pistons, cast iron pistons, steel and other metal pistons, and is applicable to thediiierent parts of the piston so as to expand the piston where needed and to do it under the eye and control of the operator of the machine.

Among the salient objects of my invention are: to provide a means and method for expanding pistons which is simple,economical, eflicient and which is under" the fullest control of the operator; to provide'in an invention of the character referred to means which can be directly applied to any part of a piston and operated to produce any degree or area of expansion. needed to put the piston innormal condition; to pro-' vide in an invention of the character referred to means for applying to any part of a piston a hammering process of such rapidity and shortness of stroke that it is practically a continuous application of blows or pressures to the surface being treated, as distinguished from blows which leave individual indentations which are clearly visible, in other words, applicants means produces a smooth surface something after the manner of a rotary planer, the strokesbeing so rapid and uniform that there is no visible individual indent or depression.

In order to more fully explain invention, 1 have illustrated on the accompanying sheet of drawings one practical means for carrying out my new methodofexpanding pistons and the like, which I will now describe.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a machine embodying my invention;

Figure 2 isa vertical sectional View taken on line 2-2 on Fig. 1; t

Figure 3 is a sectional view taken on line 3-3 on'Fi 1; 1*

Figure 4 is a plan view, partly in section on line i l of Fig. 2;' and Figure 5 is a view of a piston, showing the hammer in place and indicating the expansion resulting from the action of the hammer.

Referring now in detail to the drawing, suitable supporting legs, as 6 and 'l are provided for supporting the mechanisrmthe legs 1, 7, supporting an electric motor M, the shaft of which is designated 8, and has two universal joints, 9, 9, therein, said shaft 8 having at its operating end (or. 78-F-13) an eccentric camelement it, supported between i the sides H, II, on the upper end of an adjustable bracket H, having a slot l2 therein,

through which a screw bolt l3 holds said bracket to the bodyor frame structure 6., 6f, above the legs 6, 6, as seen in Figs. 1 and 2. An adjustment screw hi operates in the lower end of said I bracket ii, and is anchored ina lugextension i5, on the bodyfi, and is provided with an operating hand wheel it at its lower end, whereby the operation of. said hand wheel iii and said screw i4, raises and lowers said bracket ii.

Pivotally mounted in the upper; end of said adjustable bracket Ii, between the sides H, H,

thereof is a hammer operating lever H, the outer end of which underlies said eccentric cam element I0 and is intermittently depressed thereby as said cam element is rotated by said motor shaft 8. On the underside of the upper ,end of said adjustable bracket is a downwardly extending tubular portion H8, in which is mounted a plunger I9, normally pressed upwardly by a I 23 is anchored in the end of said lever I! by its shank portion 23' on which is screwed a nut 24, as indicated in Fig. 5. Said hammer element 23 can thus be adjusted verticallyup and down coiled spring Zll, the tensionof which is reguf lated by a screw bolt 2 I, with lock nut 22 thereon,

n ismounted,

within a piston, indicated C, as, illustrated in the drawing;

The upper end of said body or frame structure 6', 6', constitutes an anvil 25, upon which the cylinder or piston C is to beheld for treatment, asindicated'. Slidably mounted on said body at opposite sides of the anvilportion are two piston holding members 26, 26, connected by an operating screw 21, having right and left hand threads thereon, and operable by means of a positions by means of a thumb screw held in the hand of the operator and turned on the anvil during the operation. This member 30 is an adjustable stop against which the head of the piston C abuts as it is held in position.

The anvil portion of the top has at its opposite sides two extensions, as 25, 25', and it is upon and between these extensions that the piston holding members 26, 26, are movably held, a neck portion 2.6 extending down between said arms or extensions 25', 25', as seen in Fig. 4.

In Fig. is shown a representation of a piston 0, showing the hammer element 23 in place therein, above the anvil 25, the short arrows AA and BB indicating areas which have had the treatment with the hammer, while the light broken lines indicate the expansion caused in the piston wall as a result of such treatment. It is understood that the piston wears on the sides opposite each other and at right angles to the sides on which the crank pin bearings are formed, and the operation of the hammer element in the manner herein provided for operates to compress the material in the area being treated so as to cause expansion at the opposite sides from the area being treated.

It is to be understood that this operation is diiferent from so called peening operation in which the hammer used has a round or pointed end and causes a corresponding expansion of the metal in all directions. Applicants hammer is long and its operation is more like swaging ,for the expansion is in opposite directions, circumferentially .01" the piston. The piston is held in place on the anvil and-is turned back and forth by hand as the hammer is operated at a Very high rate of speed, so that the swaging action or treatment is applied uniformly to the particular area, or to a rib, inside of the piston and in such manner as to produce the desired expansion in the desired place or area on the piston;

The hammer element 23, it is to be noted, is elongated so as to have a work edge extending axially of the piston and action is more of a swedging action and the metal is compressed immediately above the anvil and expansion caused circumferentially in opposite directions from the area being subjected to the vibrating hammering action or treatment. This vibratory action is such that the surface contacted, as the piston is rotated back and forth by hand, is uniformly compressed and no individual indentations are visible. I have found this method most effective and successful in expanding pistons as and Where needed, regardless of the type or material of the piston.

While I have shown and described one practical means for expanding pistons, I am aware that many changes in the details of construction and arrangement can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention and I do not, therefore, limit the invention to the showing made, except as I may be limited by the hereto appended claim.

I claim:

In a machine for expanding pistons, in combination with an anvil, a hammer supporting member adjustable up and down relative to said anvil, a hammer-operating lever pivotally supported intermediate its ends on said hammer supporting member, a hammer element on one end of said lever, a motor-operated eccentric cam rotatably mounted in said hammer supporting member and positioned to intermittently depress and release the other end of said lever, a spring-actuated plunger carried by said hamrner supporting member and acting against the under side of the end of said lever in opposition to the action or" said eccentric cam, means for regulating the tension of the spring actuating said plungen'and screw means for adjusting said hammer supporting member and said hammer actuating mechanism as a unit relative to the anvil.

AUGUST WIEBKE.

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