US2191781A - Pressure compensator for gun perforators - Google Patents
Pressure compensator for gun perforators Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2191781A US2191781A US270129A US27012939A US2191781A US 2191781 A US2191781 A US 2191781A US 270129 A US270129 A US 270129A US 27012939 A US27012939 A US 27012939A US 2191781 A US2191781 A US 2191781A
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- gun
- liquid
- pressure
- pressure compensator
- tube
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
- E21B43/119—Details, e.g. for locating perforating place or direction
- E21B43/1195—Replacement of drilling mud; decrease of undesirable shock waves
Definitions
- Application My invention relates to pressure compensators for gun perforators, that is, to devices for absorbing or minimizing the surge or concussive pressures generated in a well-bore when a gun perforator is discharged under liquid.
- Figure 1 is an elevational view of a gun perforator positioned within a well casing with my compensator shown at the lower end thereof;
- FIG. 2 is a fragmentary elevational view of the gun perforator and compensator taken at right angles to Figure 1;
- Figure 3 is an enlarged transverse sectional v'ew through the compensator.
- My pressure compensator comprises a fitting i which is adapted to screw into the lower end of a conventional gun perforator body A.
- the fitting is tapered on two sides so that its cross section changes from a circular form to a substantially elliptical form, two sides however beng flat.
- a pressure responsive tube 2 is welded to the fitting I, as indicated by 3.
- the tube comprises two flat sides 3 connected by curved edges 5.
- the lower end of the pressure responsive tube 2 is suitably welded, as indicated by 5, to a nose piece I so that the interior of the pressure tube 2 is hermetically sealed.
- the tube 2 of my pressure compensator is made sufliciently thick so that its walls or sides 6 will not collapse when subjected to the hydrotatic pressure encountered in the well-bore, or
- the size of the pressure compensating tube 2 is sufiicient to provide an aggregate volume between the solid and dotted line position indicated in Figure 3, to fully compensate for the volume of the bullet B discharged from the gun perforator. Actually it is preferred that the amount of compensation possible with the pressure responsive tube 2 exceeds the volume of the bullet by several times.
- the function of the pressure compensator is exceedingly important, for without some means of compensation a volume of liquid equal to the volume of the bullet must be displaced from the point at which the bullet discharges to the top of the liquid column.
- a volume of liquid equal to the volume of the bullet must be displaced from the point at which the bullet discharges to the top of the liquid column.
- surge pressures are held to a low value, thereby minimizing the danger of splitting the well casing, particularly if several bullets are fired simultanenovelty inherent in the invention as broadly as the prior art permits.
- a hermetically sealed chamber containing a compressible medium and including a pressure responsive diaphragm capable of withstanding the hydrostatic head of liquid in which the gun perforator is submerged and yieldable to by reason or said discharge.
- a surge pressure compensator comprising a tube extending from the gun periorator, said tube being hermetically sealed and having pressure responsive areas adapted to yield to surge pressures generated upon discharge of said gun pertorator.
- a surge pressure compensator comprising a hollow, flattened, elongated tube hermetically sealed and adapted to withstand the crushing force exerted by the hydrostatic head oi. liquid in which the gun periorator is submerged and yieldable to surge Dressures generated upon discharge of said gun.
- a surge pressure compensator comprising a hollow, flattened, elongated tube hermetically sealed and adapted to withstand the crushingsiorce exerted by the hydrostatic head oi liquid in which the gun periorator is submerged and yieldable to surge pressures generated upon discharge of said gun; and means for reinforcing said tube against collapse beyond its elastic limit.
Description
Feb. 27, 1.
G. F. TURECHEK PRESSURE COMPENSATOR FOR GUN PERFORATORS Filed April 26, 1939 11v VENTOR GEORGE F 717/?50/15/1' A TTOR/VE r atented Feb. 27, 1940 PRESSURE COMPENSA'IOR FOR GUN PERFORATOES George F. 'H'urechek, Los Angcles, Calif., assignor to Lane-Wells Company, Los Angeles, Calif., a corporation of Delaware 1989, Serial No. 270,129
to the concusslve or surge pressures generated when the gun perforator is fired. The side walls, however, do have suflicient resiliency that when Application My invention relates to pressure compensators for gun perforators, that is, to devices for absorbing or minimizing the surge or concussive pressures generated in a well-bore when a gun perforator is discharged under liquid.
Among the objects of my invention are:
First, to provide a pressure compensator for gun perforators which is fully operative to compensate for the volume of liquid that must be displaced in order that a'bullet may issue from the gun perforator, whether the gun perforator is submerged in the well liquids only a short distance or at a great depth;
Second, to provide a device of this character which may be attached to any type of gun perforator, such as those shown in Patents Nos. 2,048,451 and 2,062,974;
Third, to provide a device of this character which may be made relatively compact and which forms a nose or guiding element for the perforator, to facilitate movement thereof through the well; and
Fourth, to provide a device of this character which is particularly simple and economical of construction, and capable of repeated use over long periods of time without danger of deterioration or injury.
With the above and other objects in view, as will appear hereinafter, reference is directed to the accompanying drawing, in which:
Figure 1 is an elevational view of a gun perforator positioned within a well casing with my compensator shown at the lower end thereof;
Figure 2 is a fragmentary elevational view of the gun perforator and compensator taken at right angles to Figure 1; and
Figure 3 is an enlarged transverse sectional v'ew through the compensator.
My pressure compensator comprises a fitting i which is adapted to screw into the lower end of a conventional gun perforator body A. The fitting is tapered on two sides so that its cross section changes from a circular form to a substantially elliptical form, two sides however beng flat. A pressure responsive tube 2 is welded to the fitting I, as indicated by 3. The tube comprises two flat sides 3 connected by curved edges 5. The lower end of the pressure responsive tube 2 is suitably welded, as indicated by 5, to a nose piece I so that the interior of the pressure tube 2 is hermetically sealed.
The tube 2 of my pressure compensator is made sufliciently thick so that its walls or sides 6 will not collapse when subjected to the hydrotatic pressure encountered in the well-bore, or
pressure surges occur the side walls 5 yield inwardly, as indicated by dotted lines in Figure 3. 5 The size of the pressure compensating tube 2 is sufiicient to provide an aggregate volume between the solid and dotted line position indicated in Figure 3, to fully compensate for the volume of the bullet B discharged from the gun perforator. Actually it is preferred that the amount of compensation possible with the pressure responsive tube 2 exceeds the volume of the bullet by several times.
The function of the pressure compensator is exceedingly important, for without some means of compensation a volume of liquid equal to the volume of the bullet must be displaced from the point at which the bullet discharges to the top of the liquid column. When the gun is submerged to a depth of several thousand feet (and in this regard, gun perforators have been fired at depths in which the submergence in liquid was greater than 12,000 feet), it follows that there is a tremendous amount of inertia which must be overcome to displace the liquid. As a result, the explosive energy tends to dissipate itself in heat rather than in imparting velocity to the bullet. On the other hand, by reason of the pressure compensator, the liquid need only be displaced from the gun to the compensator, a matter of a few inches or, at best, a few feet.
Furthermore, and particularly by providing ample difierential volume between the normal and the compressed positions of the tube 2, surge pressures are held to a low value, thereby minimizing the danger of splitting the well casing, particularly if several bullets are fired simultanenovelty inherent in the invention as broadly as the prior art permits.
I claim: 1
l. The combination with a gun perforator adapted to be lowered in liquid within a well casing: a hermetically sealed chamber containing a compressible medium and including a pressure responsive diaphragm capable of withstanding the hydrostatic head of liquid in which the gun perforator is submerged and yieldable to by reason or said discharge.
surge pressures generated upon discharge of said gun periorator to accommodate liquid displaced 2. The combination with a gun pertorator adapted to be lowered in liquid-filled well-bores, of: a surge pressure compensator comprising a tube extending from the gun periorator, said tube being hermetically sealed and having pressure responsive areas adapted to yield to surge pressures generated upon discharge of said gun pertorator.
3. The combination with a gun peri'orator adapted to be lowered and discharged within liquid-filled well-bores, of: a surge pressure compensator comprising a hollow, flattened, elongated tube hermetically sealed and adapted to withstand the crushing force exerted by the hydrostatic head oi. liquid in which the gun periorator is submerged and yieldable to surge Dressures generated upon discharge of said gun.
4. The combination with a gun periorator adapted to be lowered and discharged within liquid-filled well-bores, 01: a surge pressure compensator comprising a hollow, flattened, elongated tube hermetically sealed and adapted to withstand the crushingsiorce exerted by the hydrostatic head oi liquid in which the gun periorator is submerged and yieldable to surge pressures generated upon discharge of said gun; and means for reinforcing said tube against collapse beyond its elastic limit.
5. Thecombination with a gun periorator adapted to be lowered and tired within a liquidiilled well-bore, oi: a hermetically sealed chamber having pressure-responsive areas forming diaphragms adapted to move into said chamber in response to surge pressures generated upon discharge oi said gun pertorator to accommodate the displacement of liquid during such discharge; and stop means for restraining movement 0! said diaphragms beyond their elastic limit.
GEORGE F. TURECHEK.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US270129A US2191781A (en) | 1939-04-26 | 1939-04-26 | Pressure compensator for gun perforators |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US270129A US2191781A (en) | 1939-04-26 | 1939-04-26 | Pressure compensator for gun perforators |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US2191781A true US2191781A (en) | 1940-02-27 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US270129A Expired - Lifetime US2191781A (en) | 1939-04-26 | 1939-04-26 | Pressure compensator for gun perforators |
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3709294A (en) * | 1971-04-16 | 1973-01-09 | Camco Inc | Downhole power dissipator |
EP0212811A1 (en) * | 1985-07-10 | 1987-03-04 | C-E Vetco Uk Limited | Explosion compensator |
US20080115943A1 (en) * | 2006-11-20 | 2008-05-22 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Perforating gun assembly to control wellbore fluid dynamics |
-
1939
- 1939-04-26 US US270129A patent/US2191781A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3709294A (en) * | 1971-04-16 | 1973-01-09 | Camco Inc | Downhole power dissipator |
EP0212811A1 (en) * | 1985-07-10 | 1987-03-04 | C-E Vetco Uk Limited | Explosion compensator |
US20080115943A1 (en) * | 2006-11-20 | 2008-05-22 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Perforating gun assembly to control wellbore fluid dynamics |
WO2008064233A2 (en) * | 2006-11-20 | 2008-05-29 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Perforating gun assembly with auger to control wellbore fluid dynamics |
WO2008070193A2 (en) * | 2006-11-20 | 2008-06-12 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Perforating gun assembly with auger to control wellbore fluid dynamics |
WO2008070193A3 (en) * | 2006-11-20 | 2008-07-24 | Baker Hughes Inc | Perforating gun assembly with auger to control wellbore fluid dynamics |
WO2008064233A3 (en) * | 2006-11-20 | 2008-07-24 | Baker Hughes Inc | Perforating gun assembly with auger to control wellbore fluid dynamics |
GB2458402A (en) * | 2006-11-20 | 2009-09-23 | Baker Hughes Inc | Perforating gun assembly with auger to control wellbore fluid dynamics |
US7980308B2 (en) | 2006-11-20 | 2011-07-19 | Baker Hughes Incorporated | Perforating gun assembly and method for controlling wellbore fluid dynamics |
GB2458402B (en) * | 2006-11-20 | 2011-07-27 | Baker Hughes Inc | A perforating system comprising a zonal isolation system |
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