US2191380A

US2191380A - Well pump

Info

Publication number: US2191380A
Application number: US120364A
Authority: US
Inventors: Jesse E Hall
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1937-01-13
Filing date: 1937-01-13
Publication date: 1940-02-20
Anticipated expiration: 1957-02-20

Description

J. E. HALL WELL PUMP l Feb. 20, 1940.

Feb. 20, 1940. J, E HALL 2,191,380

WELL PUMP Filed Jan. 1:5, '1957 2 sheets-shea 2 i Patented Feb. 20, 1940 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,191,380 WELL PUMP Y Jesse E. Hall, Los Angeles, Calif.

Application January 13, 1937, Serial No. 120,364

24 Claims.

This invention has to do with pumps and has particular reference towell pumps. A general` object of the invention is to provide'an oil well f pump or deep well pump that is practical, ef-

iective and particularly 'eiiicient in operation.

Considerable difculty has been encountered in providing a well pump that is practical and eilicient under the conditions encountered in' deep wells. In many of the pumps heretofore intro- 0 duced gas accumulated in the pump chambers or displacement chambers producing what is termed a gas lock, which greatly reduced the efliciency of the pumps. In the operation of most deep -well pumps' the pump rod becomes slack during the l5 down strokes and has a tendency to buckle, loosen and fail due to the alternate tension and slackness to which it is subjected. Further, accumulations of sand, etc. on the valves and other parts of well pumps have greatly interfered with they proper functioning of the pumps.

Another object ofthis invention is to provide a well pump in which gas cannot accumulate in the displacement chamber or in any other part of the pump to interfere with Iits proper efficient operation. f

Another object of this invention is.to provide a well pump that operates in such a manner that the pump rod is kept` taut and is not subjected to failure, loosening or buckling.

Another object of this invention is to provide a well pump in which sand and other solid matter in the iluid is kept in suspension so that it cannot interfere with the operation of the pump and cannot accumulate on-the valves and other pump parts.

Another object of this invention is to provide a well pump in which the valves are movable with or by the rod and, therefore, are not liable to accumulate sand or solid matter.

`i0 Another object of this invention is to provide a well pump in which the pump rod and the moving element of the pump carried by the rod are positively moved downwardly during the down stroke by the fluid pressure or hydrostatic pressurein the tubing, thereby increasing the speed of operation and the length ofthe eiective pump stroke and eliminating slacknes's in the rod, sticking of the moving pump element, and other disadvantages in well pumps in which gravity alone ;0 serves to move the reciprocating pump element downwardly.

a well'pump embodying means for preventing 5 tubing.

Another object of this invention is to providesand and solid matter from ysettling in the oil Another object of this invention is to provide an improved well pump yhaving means for producing a jetting action in the well at the lower end of the pump to keepV the well clean and to prevent the entrance of sand and formation 5 bridges to the pump.

Another object of this invention is to provide a well pump in which the moving or reciprocating pump element is positively held against turning thereby preventing unthreading or the joints 10 in the pump rod.

Another object of this invention is to provide a well pump that automatically unloads or discharges the column f ilud in the tubing when the pump is pulled, which discharge of fluid may 15 be utilized to clean the Well.

A further object of this invention is to provide an improved deep well pump that is smooth and regular in operation thereby eliminating churning of the fluid and emulsification of the oil. 30

The various objects and features of my invenl tion Awill be fully understood from -.the following detailed description of a typical preferred form and application of the invention, throughout which description reference is made to the accomz5 panying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of` the improved well pump provided by this invention in the operativel position in a Well tubing. Fig. 2 is an enlarged longitudinal detailed sectional view of the upper 30 portion of the pump. 'Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2 illustrating the intermediate portion of the pump. Fig. 4 isa view similar to Fig. 2 illustrating the lower portion of the pump. Fig. 5 is' a sectional diagrammatic or schematic v'iew of the 35 pump illustrating the barrel at lor adjacent the upper end of its stroke. Figs. 6, '7 and 8 are enlarged transverse detailed 'sectional views taken as indicated by lines 6 6, 'l-l a'nd 8*-8, respectively, on Fig. 3 and Fig. 9 is an enlarged trans- 40 verse detailed sectional view taken as indicated by line 9- 9. on Fig. 4.

'I'he improved well pump provided by this invention includes, generally, a standing tubular pillar or plunger I0, a reciprocating element or 45 barrel Il movable on the plunger |.0 ,gvalves I2 and I3 carried by the barrelll, jetfn'ieans Il for producing a downward `letting acting in the well during the barrel down stroke and other parts, the functions and details of which will be hereinafter` described.

The pillar I0 is a stationary or standing element of the pump and is adapted to be releasably secured or anchored in the lower portion of well tubing T. The plunger I0 is an elongate 55 vmunication with the well.

tubular member or assembly arranged in a substantially vertical position. In practice the plunger I0 may include an elongate tubular column member or lower member I5. A coupling I6 is provided on the lower end of the member I5 and a reducer or adapter I1 may be threaded into the lower end of the coupling I6. An anchor mandrel I8 may be threaded into the lower end of the adapter I1. The anchor I8 illustrated is of typical construction and has a split lower portion provided with an upwardly facing inclined shoulder I9. `The anchor I8 is adapted to be'releasably latched in an anchor shoe 20 provided on the lower end of the tubing T. The shoe has a tapered seat 2| on its upper end and a sealing member 22 is clamped between the lower end of the adapter. .I.1. anda shoulder on the anchor I8 to seat downwardly against the shoulder 2I. The shoulder I9 of the anchor I9 is latched under a downwardly facing inclined shoulder 23 on the interior of the shoe 20. The shoe 20 and the anchor I8 are tubular whereby the lower end of the pillar member I5 is in com- -If desired, a tubular extension 24 may be provided on the lower end of the anchor shoe 20. The extension 24 may have a plurality of lateral ports 25 communicating with an annular cup 276. The anchor I8 latched in the shoe 20 normally holds the pillar I0 stationary and in a central vertical position on the tubing T.

The standing pillar I0 further includes an upper tubular member 21. The upper member 21 may be of larger diameter than the lower member I5 and may be threaded onto the upper end portion of the member I5, as illustrated.`

The lower end 28 of the upper member 21 is inclined downwardly and inwardly. A puller nut 29 is provided on the upper end of the plunger member 21. The nut 29 may be threaded into the upper end of the member 21 and is preferably of considerable length to project some distance from the upper end of the member. The nut 29 has an annular enlargement 30 on its upper end. The lower end of the enlargement 30 forms a'shoulder 3I which is sloped downwardly and outwardly at a substantial pitch. In accordance with the invention the puller nut 29 has a plurality of lateral ports 32 spaced above the upper end of the member 21. 'I'he upper member 21 preferably carries a hard wear taking lining 33. The lining 33`may be sectional,.as illustrated and may be clamped between the lower end of the puller nut 29 and an upwardly facing annular Shoulder 34 on the interior of the member 21 adjacent its lower end. the above described standing pillarV I0 is simple in construction as associated with pipe I5.

'I'he barrel II is the reciprocating element of the pump and is adapted to be operated or reciprocated by a pump rod R. The barrel li preferably includes a head or coupling 35. The coupling 35 may be threaded onto a pin 36 on the lower end of the rod R. The coupling 35 constitutes the body or cage oi' the valve I3 as will be subsequently described. The barrel Il further includes a main member or body member 31 of substantial length extending or telescoping downwardly over the standing pillar I 0. The barrel member 31 may be connected with the coupling 35 by a suitable adapter 38. In'accordance with the invention a puller nut 39 is provided on the lower end of the main barrel member 31. The nut 39 is of substantial length to extend It will be noted that -internal shoulder 4I is provided on the interior of the flexible and expansible nut 39. The shoulder 4I may be adjacent the lower end of the nut 39. The shoulder 4I is sloped downwardly and outwardly and is in the nature of a hook for engaging under the shoulder 3l of the puller nut 29 when lthe pump is being pulled as will be hereinafter described. The lower protion of the puller nut 39 is rounded and shaped to readily pass downwardly over the upper portion of the standing pillar I0 when the pump is assembled. The puller nut 39' may have a thickened part 42 at the upper ends of the slots 40. The thickened part 42 has tapered upper and lower ends.

The barrel member 31 is preferably provided with a suitable hard wear taking lining 43 for slidably sealing with the upper pillar member 2'1. The lining 43 may be sectional and may be clamped between the lower end of the adapter 38 and the upper end of the puller nut 39. The interior of the barrel Il forms the pump chamber or displacement chamber C of the pump. When the barrel II is at the lower end of its stroke the upper end of the pillar I0 is some distance below the upper end 35 of the barrel leaving a space or portion of the chamber C which may retain liquid.

The barrel II further includes an inner part 44 extending downwardly into the standing pillar I0. The inner part 44 is an elongate tubular member rigidly connected with the upper portion of the barrel II. In practice a coupler nut or coupling 45 .may be provided on the upper end of the inner tube 44 and may be threaded in the lower end of a tubular cage 46. The cage 46 in turn may be threaded onto the lower end of the coupling 35 to connect the inner tube 44 with the barrel proper. The cage 46 constitutes the shell of the valve I2 as will be hereinafter described. The inner tube 44 extends centrally downward through the chamber C and passes into or through the upper member 21 of the standing pillar Il). In accordance with the invention the lower end oi' the inner tube 44 has communication with the well through the medium of the tubular pillar I0and the anchor I8 on the lower end of the pillar. In practice a sultable ported toe 41 is provided on the lower end of the inner tube 44. The head 41 is provided with vertically spaced series oi' lateral ports 48 which place the interior of the inner part 44 in communication with the interior of the lower member I5 of the pillar I0 which is freely open to drain to the well.

It. will be observed that the inner tube 44 of the barrel II conducts fluid upwardly into the chamber C, reduces the capacity or cross sectional area of the chamber C, actsl as a displacement body or pillar in the standing plunger III during the down stroke of the conjoined barrel, and serves to guide and stabilize the barrel. The above described lining 33 of the pillar i0 slldably seals with the inner tube 44 of the barrel I0. It is important to note that the relationship between the barrel I I and the pump rod R is such that the barrel has an upwardly facing surface or surfaces exposed to the hydrostatic head in the tubingl T which are of greater cross sectional area than the chamber C about tube 44 so that the hydrostatic head in the tubing T is imposed on the barrel to force it downwardly to displace the fluid from the chamber C during the down stroke of the barrel. 1

'Ihe valve I2 is the foot valve or the lower valve and controls communication between the well and the displacement chamber C. In the preferred form ofthe invention the valve I2 is located at the upper end of the inner tube 44 of the barrel II to have constant communication with the chamber C adjacent its upper end.. 'I'he above mentioned cage 46 forms the body or cage of the valve I2. The cage 46 has a series of lateral ports 50 adjacent its lower end and a series of lateral ports 5I adjacent its upper end placing its interiorin communication with the chamber C. A partition or web 52 extends across the interior of the cage 46 between its series of ports 50 and 5| and is ported for the free flow of fluid through the cage. A replaceable hardened valve seat 53 is clamped between a shoulder 54 on the interior of the cage 46 and the upper e'nd of ther coupling 45. The valve I2 further -includes a valve proper or ball 55 in the cage 46'for sealing downwardly against the seat 53. The ball 55 is adapted to cooperate with the seat 53 during the down stroke of the barrel I I 'to close communication between the barrel C and the well. 'I'he valve -ball 55 is unseated during the up-stroke of the barrel II to admit fluid from thewell to the chamber C. 'I'he web 52 limits the upward travel of the ball 55. It will be observed that the head 41 on the lower end of the inner tube 44 forms a traveling intake for the valverl that travels upwardly with the valve during the intake or up-stroke of the barrel tube 44. The; valve I2 moving with the reciprocating barrel II does not accumulate sand or solid matter.`

The valve I3 is the working valve and controls communication between the pump chamber C and the well tubing T. The valve I3 is located at the upper end of the barrel being spaced above the valve I2. In the arrangement illustrated the valve I3 includes the cage or coupling 35 described above. The coupling 35 has lateral ports 56 connecting its interior withthe interior of the tubing T. In practice there may be two verticaly spaced sets of spaced ports 56. The coupling 35 may have an internal web 51 between the sets of ports 56. The web51 is ported for the free flow of fluid. A hardened replaceable valve seat 58 is clamped between the upper end of the cage 41 and an internal shoulder in the coupling 35. 'I'hevalve I3 further includes a Valve ball 59 in the coupling 35 for cooperating with the seat 58. The ball 59 is adapted to seal downwardly against the seat 58 during the upstroke of the barrel II to close oil communication between the tubing T and the chamber C. The ball 59 lifts or unseats during the down stroke of the barrel II to allow. the fluid to pass from the chamber C into the tubing T.

It is to be particularly noted that the ports 5I which place the interior of the valve I3 Vin communication with the chamber C are at the upper end of the chamber so that any gas that may be drawn into the chamber C is allowed .to pass rout through the ports 5I before the dis- Y charge of the liquid from lthe chamber C thus eliminating a gas lock in'the chamber. Further, it will be observed that the fluid that is the last to enter the chamber C is the first to be expelled from the chamber through the ports 5I and the valve I3. y

'Ihe jet means I4 operates to direct a jetor or nozzie'6l. 'I'he nozzle 6I has Va longitudinall opening 62 that is restricted or limited in fluid capacity relativeto the fluid capacity of the pill-ar member I5. An enlarged rim 63 is provided on kthe upper end of the nozzle 6I. The rim 63 is movable vertically in the chamber 60 and is adapted to seat downwardly on the lower wall of the chamber. A plurality of lateral ports 64 is provided in the wall of the rim 63 to increase the communication betweenthe interior of the adapter I1 and the chamber 60 when the nozzle 6I is raised and tov maintain sufficient communication between the interior of the adapter and the lower end of the pillar member I5 when the upper end o f the rim 63 engages the upper wall of the chamber 6D. During the down stroke of the barrel II the valve I 2 is closed due to the increased pressure in the chamber C'and the inner tube 44 of the barrel I i'moving downwardly through the pillar I 0 dlsplaces fluid downwardly from the interior of the pillar. This displaced fluid is ejected under pressure through'the restricted opening 62 in the form of a-jet of high velocity. 'Ihis jet of fluid agitates the fluid in the well vat 'the lower end of the pump and prevents sand from packing and accumulating about the intake of the pump. During the upstroke of the barrel II the upward fluid flow through the chamber 60 lifts the nozzle 6I and fluid is free to flow around therim 63 and through the ports 64. The nozzle 6I formed and ported as above described does not materially interfere with the upward flow f fluid into the pillar I 0 during the' upward stroke of the barrel II.l 'I'he nozzle 6I serves to prevent the entrance of accumulations or bodies of sand and earth formation into the pump and the jet discharging from the nozzle provides a desirable agitation at the lower end of the pump. The nozzle 6I may be omitted if desired.

The improved well pump of the present invention may include means for preventing rotation of the barrel II relative to the pillar I0 and for creating uid agitation or fluid flow in the lower portion of the tubing T to prevent sand from accumulating in the tubing. This means comprises a tube or sleeve 15 arranged within the tubing T to engage against its internal wall. The sleeve 15 is arranged and proportioned to surround the lower member I5 oi' the standing Dillar and xto receive the lower portion of the barrel II as it moves downwardly during the down stroke. The sleeve 15 is stationary. In practice the lower portion of the sleeve 15 may be welded to the tubing T at 16. In accordance with the invention the sleeve 15 is longitudinally split being provided with` a longitudinal opening 11 in its wall. The opening 11 extends between the opposite ends of the sleeve 15 and is of substantial width as illustrated in Figs. 7, 8 and 9. vA projection or key 18 is provided on the lower member I5 of the pillar I0 to operate in the opening 11. The key 18 is much smaller in width than the'opening 11 so that it does not upwardly through the standing pillar I0.

interfere with the fluid flow through the opening. The key 18 is adapted to cooperate with the side walls of the opening 11 to prevent rotation of the barrel II relative to the plunger pillar II) and, therefore, prevent unthreading of the joints in the pump rod R.

During the down stroke of the barrel II the lower lportion of' the barrel moves downwardly through the sleeve to displace the iiuid therein upwardly through the relatively restricted opening 11. `The fluid is thus made to ilow upwardly through the opening 11 and the lower portion of the tubing T at a substantial velocity to carry the sand and solid matter' upwardly with it. Accordingly, as yfluid is discharged from the chamber C into the tubing T during the down stroke of the' barrel 'II the fluid in the lower portion of the tubing T carrying sand, etc. also moves upwardly and mingles with the fluid dis-v charged from the pump chamber C. The barrel II operating in the sleeve 15 produces an agitation and fluid iiow in the lower portion of the tubing that prevents the settling and accumulation of sand in the lower portion of the tubing about the foot of the pillar tube I5. The parts arev proportioned so that the barrel member 31 and the nut ,39 are received in the sleeve 15 with suitable working clearance.

It is believed that the operation of the pump provided by theinvention will be readily understood from the foregoing detailed description'. During the up-stroke of the barrel Il a reduced pressure is created in the chamber C resulting in opening of tlre valve I2. Fluid flows upwardly through the anchor I8 and the pillar I0 to pass.

through the valve I2 into the chamber C. The valve I3 of course remains closed during the up-strokel of the barrel II. As described above, the nozzle 6I lifts or rises during the up-stroke of the barrel II to permit' the free flow of uid The toe 41 on the lower end of the inner tube 44 constitutes the intake for the valve I2. This intake of course moves upwardly throughout the up-stroke orkk intake stroke so that its ports `48 receive or admit any rising gas that there may be in the fluid handled.

When the barrel II moves downwardly during the down stroke the valve I2 is closedand the .valve I3 opens under the increased pressure developed in the chamber C to permit the fluid to be discharged from the chamber into the tubing T. As pointed out above, the working barrel .II has an aggregate surface exposed to opening 11 with the nuid and is held in sus- A accumulations of sand and assists Yin keeping' the well clean.

The pump of the invention includes only two simple valves I2 and I3 which are both carried by the reciprocating barrel vI I. vThe valves moving with the barrel are not liable to become sanded up or made inoperative by accumulations of sand, etc. The barrel Il is positively operated in b'oth directions being raised by the mechanically operated rod R. and being moveddownwardly by the hydrostatic pressure in the tubing T. Accordingly, the pump is very smooth and even in operation and the parts are not subject vto sudden shock due to play and slackness developing in the rod. As pointed out above, the intake of the valve I2 moves upwardly during the intake stroke. Gas that may be passed into the chamber C is put under vcompression in the upper portion of the chamber C during the initial portion of the down stroke of the barrel II and when its pressure reaches a given point the valve I3 opens to allow the discharge of the gas into the tubing T. As theports 5I are adjacent the upper end of the chamber C the gas in the chamber is free to discharge outwardly4 through the valve -I3 into the tubing T. Accordingly, during the down stroke of the barrel II the gas as well as the liquid is displaced from the chamber C. The amount of fluid displaced from the chamber C at any given stroke is exactly equal to the fiuiddrawn into the chamber during the up stroke oi' the barrel .and the fluid last drawninto the chamber C is the rst to be forced out through the ports 5I. The ports 5I being at the upper end of the chamber permit the discharge of the gas from the chamber and thus prevent a gas lock. A limited amount of liquid may remain in the lower portion of the chamber C duringr the operation of the pump. 'I'his liquid howevenbeing substantially incompressible, does not interfere with the operation of the pump.

When the pump is to be pulled or withdrawnl the downwardly directed hydrostatic pressure in\ from `the well the rod R is pulled upwardly bethe tubing T that is greater than the cross sectional area of the chamber C. Thus the hydrostatic pressure in the tubing T serves to force or move the barrel Il downwardly to effect the displacement of fluid from the chamber C into the tubing T. The hydrostatic pressure acting downwardly on the barrel II positively moves the barrel and rod R downwardly to'` maintain the rod under tension so .that looseness and slack Cannot develop in the rod. I'his is important as it prevents loosening of the joints in the rod, buckling of the rod and failure of the rod due to shock at the ends of the pump strokes. The barrel II moving downwardly through the sleeve 15 displaces the fluid from the sleeveand causes it to iiow upwardly through the opening 11 at a relatively high velocity. Thus sand, etc. that maygtend to accumulate in the' lower portion of the tubing T is con- `yondthe normal upstroke of the pump. 'I'his vbrings the shoulder 4I of the puller nut 39 into engagement with the inclined lower end 28 of the pillar member 21. Because of the inclination of the end 28 of the plunger member 21 the flexible puller nut 39 spreads or expands when the shoulder 4I rides over the end. 'I'hus the puller nut 39 is free to move upwardly over the upper member 21 of the plunger. When the shoulder 4I of the puller nut passes the upper end of the member 21 the puller nut springs back to its original shape so that the shoulder 4I may engage with the shoulder 3l of the pillar head 30.

Prior to this engagement, the toe 41 onthe l lower end of the inner tube 4l moves out of the puller nut 29 thus placing the chamber C in direct communication with the interior of the plunger I0. The fluid in the chamber C is then free toidischarge downwardly through the nozzle 6I. When the lower end of the puller nut 38 able in the plunger and adapted to conduct fluid passes the ports 32 the interior of the pillar Ill is placed inI communication with the tubing T. This lunloads the fluid column from the tubing Tremoving the weight of the column from the `pump assembly whereby it'may be easily pulled from the well. If desired fluid may be pumped downwardly through the tubing T at this time to circulate through the ports 32 and the pillar Into discharge from the nozzle 6I in the form of a, jet torclean the lower portion of the well. `When they shoulder 4l of the puller nut 39'is engaged with the shoulder 3| of the puller nut 29 a substantial up-pull may be placed on the rod R to spring the anchor I8 out of the shoe 20. This, of course, frees the pump for withdrawal from the Well on the rod R. Y

Having described only a typical preferred form and application of my invention I do not `wish to be limited or restricted to the specific details herein set forth, but wish to reserve to myself any variations or modifications that may appear to those skilled in the art or fall within the scope of the following claims.

Having described my invention, I claim:

1. A self-washing, self-de-sanding pump for placement in a well tubing, including a tubular, standing pillar with a nozzle for directing a jet of fluid to the foot ofthe pump, a. plunger device reciprocatively operative in the pillar and having an outer barrel fitting the pillar, and means operative on a downward stroke of the barrel of said device to conduct away sandfr'om about the pillar when the sand is agitated by said part, and said device operative to force a jet of fluid through the nozzle on Y, the same de-sanding stroke.

2. A well pump adapted` for use in a tubing including, a standing pillar-like, constantly openbore plunger anchorable in the tubing, a barrel movable on the plunger,'the interior of the barrely forming a displacement chamber,a part on the barrel extending through the chamber and operto the chamber, a valve carried by thebarrel at the upper end of said part for controllinglcommunication between said part and the chamber, and a valve carried by the barrel controlling communication between the chamber and the tubing.

3. A well pump adapted for use in a tubing including pillar-like plunger open lengthwise at all times to drainto the and anchorable in the tubing, a barrel movable on the plunger, the

interior of the barrel lforming a displacement chamber, the barrel having a tubular part passing through said chamber and extendingy into the plunger and operable to conduct fluid to the chamber, the lower end of said part being open to the well at all times, the cross sectional area of the chamber being less than the area of the barrel surface exposed to the hydrostatic pressure in the tubing whereby.'said pressure moves the barrel downwardly to displace fluid from the chamber, a valve controlling communication between the upper portion of the chamber and the tubing, and a valve controlling communication between said part and the chamber.

4. A well pump for use in a well tubing including, a pillar-like or stationary, plunger set in and constantly open to drain to the tubing, a barrel movable on the plunger, the interior of the barrel forming a chamber, a tubular part movable with the barrel and extending' through the chamber to operate in the plunger and adapted to conduct fluid to the chamber, a valve on said part movable in the chamber for controlling communication between saidl part and the chamber, and a valve carried by the barrel to control the discharge of the chamber.

5. A well pump for use in a well tubing including, a plunger stationary in the tubing and open part having communication with the chamber and having communication with the well at all times to form a" moving intake for the chamber, an inlet valve controlling the inlet of fluid to the chamber, and an outlet valve at the upper end of the chamber.

6. A well pump for use in a well tubing including, a stationary, tubular pillar or plunger seated in and open to drain to the tubing and Well, a barrel movable on the plunger, the interior of the barrel forming a chamber, a tubular part movable with the barrel and operating in the plunger, said part having communication with the chamber and having communication with the well at all times Yto form a moving intake for the chambenavalve on said part movable through the chamber to control communication between the said part and the chamber, and a valve controlling communication between the chamber and the tubing. l

'7. A well pump Yfor use in a well tubing including, a stationary, tubular pillar or plunger seated in and open to drain to the tubing and well, a reciprocable barrel telescopingover the plunger and dening a chamber, a tubular part movable with the barrel and operating in the plunger, the lower end of said part being open to the well at all times whereby said part forms a moving inlet for the chamber, a valve controlling said tubular part, and an outlet valve having communication with the upper portion of the chamber.

8. A well kpump for use in a well tubing including a stationary tubular plunger in the tubing and open to drain to the well, a reciprocable barrel telescoping over the plunger andKdefining a chamber, the barrel having a surface of greater area than the cross sectional area of the chamber exposed to the hydrostatic pressure in the tubing whereby said pressure moves the barrel downwardly to displace iiuid'from the chamber during the down stroke, a tubular part movable vwith the barrel and operating in the plunger, the

lower end of said part being open to the well at all times whereby said part forms a moving inlet for the chamber, a valve controlling said tubular part, and an outlet valve for the chamber.

9. A Well pump for use in a well tubing including, a standing tubular pillar or plunger in and constantly open to drain to the well tubing, a

reciprocable barrel telescoping over the plunger and defining a chamber, a tubular part movable with the barrel and operating in the plunger, the lower end of said part being in communication with the well at all times forming a moving inlet for the chamber, means preventing rotation of the well at all times forming a moving inlet for the chamber, cooperable parts on the barrel and tubing preventing rotation of the barrel, a valve controlling said tubular part, and an outlet valve for the chambav 11. A well pump for use in a well tubing including a stationary, tubular pillar, a plunger having a constantly open inlet and outlet to the well, a tubular barrel part operating in the pillar and having an outlet valve to feed fluid to the tubing and closing on downstroke of the barrel part, and means at the lower end of the pillar for jetting well fluid displaced therefrom, on downward stroke of said part, back to the well to wash the foot of the pump.

12. A well pump for use in a well tubing as set forth in claim l1, and in which said means includes a iloating nozzle providing a larger suction area than jetting area.

lower portion of the tubing during the down stroke of the barrel.

14. A well pump for use in a well tubing including, a stationary tubular plunger in the tub-l ing, a reciprocable barrel telescoping over the plunger and dening a chamber, a tubular part movable with the barrel and operating in the plunger to formiy a moving inlet for the chamber, a valve controlling inlet of the chamber, a valve controlling the outlet of the chamber, and means for producing an up ow of fluid in the lower portion of the tubing during the down stroke of the barrel, said means including a sleeve in the tubing receiving the barrel and having a longitudinal fluid duct.

15. A well pump for use in a well tubing including, 'a stationary tubular plunger in the tubing, a reciprocable barrel telescoping over the plunger and defining a chamber, a tubular part movable with the barrel and operating in the plunger to form a moving inlet for the chamber,I

a valve controlling said tubular part, anloutlet valve fiorthe chamber, a puller nut on the plunger, and a pullernut on the barrel engageable with the nut on the plunger to pull the plunger, said tubular part being out of the plunger when said nuts are about to engage to allow free draining 'of the tubing through the plunger.

16. A well pump for use in a well tubing including, a stationary tubular plunger in the tubing, a reciprocable barrel telescoping over the plunger and defining a chamber, a tubular part movable with the barrel and. operating. in the plunger to form a moving inlet for the chamber.

a valve controlling said tubular part, an outlet valve for the chamber, a puller nut on the plunger, a puller nut on the` barrel engageable with the nut on the plunger to.pull the plunger, said tubular part being out of, the plunger when said nuts are about to engage to allow free draining lof the tubing through the plunger, and a nozzle on the lower end of the plunger for jetting fluid downwardly.

17. A well pump for use in a well tubing including, a stationary tubular plunger in the tubing, a reciprocable barrel telescoping over the plunger and dening a chamber, a tubular part movable with the barrel andxoperating in the a valve controlling said tubular part, an outlet valve for the chambena puller nut on the upper portion of the plunger, and a puller nut on the lower portion of the barrel expansible to spring over the plunger and engage the nut on the plunger when the pump ispulled.l

18. A well pump for use in a well tubing including, a stationary tubular plunger in the tubing, a reciprocable barrel` telescoping over the plunger and dening a chamber, a tubular part movable with the barrel and operating in the plunger to form a moving inlet for the chamber, a vvalve controlling said tubular part, and an 'outlet valve for the chamber, said tubular part being adapted to be moved out of said plungei to allow free draining of the tubing through the plunger. l

19. A wellpump including, a standing plunger having a free drain to the well, a traveling barrel movable on the plunger and defining a displacement chamber, a tubular part on the barrel operable in the plunger, said part being open to the well at all times and being adapted to conduct iiuid to the chamber, a valve controlling communication between said part and aid chamber andcarried by said part to move hrough said chamber, an outlet valve for the chamber, the barrel being adapted for operation by\a pump rod. and means onfthe barrel for movingthe barrel downwardly, during the down stroke, said means comprising a surface on the barrel exposed to downward pressure. n

20. A pump of the class described, having, in combination, ,a suction plunger and a relative standing, tub a'r pillar operatively fitting and on which sai ,'plunger Works and including a constantly open",` nozzle part to direct a jet of fluid to the pump foot and which nozzle part is movably mounted in the foot of the pillar, the

said p'art having a valve forming portion, and a i,

seat for said portion in the pillar and-forming a larger intake capacity for the pump on suction stroke than the jet discharge, and a pump barrel in which the pillar `is seated.

21. A standingpillar pump having, in combination, a tubing, a tubular pillar seated at its lower end inthe tubing and having bl'eeder ports, a displacement plunger packed and working in the pillar, a barrel concentrically joined to the upper end lof the plunger and packed and worklng on the outside of the pillar to form a pumping chamber in the working barrel above the pillar and dischargeable to the tubing, the pillar being open at its bottom for jetting iiuid back to the well on down stroke of lthe plunger, and means for connecting the barrel on up strokelto the pillar tofpull it from its seat; the lower end of said barrel passing above said ports before the pillar is in lifting engagement with and by the barrel s'olthat fluidin the tubing may be drained down to and through the pillar before it is lifted -from its seat so that the tubing, may be pulled 2,191,380 Y 7 t therefor, astanding pillar operatively tting and on which said part works, a tubing in which the pillar is fixed, and means keying said part and the tubing to prevent relative rotation while the parts are in pumping position in a well.

24. A pump of the class described including a xed tubing part, a standing pillar seated in the tubing, a plunger device reciprocative in the pillar and having an outer barrel part fitting the pillar; one of the saidparts havingI a flow' channel which is open to its top `for free up and down f flow of iiuid between the barrel part and the tubing part whereby to provide for expulsion of substantially all of the fluid trapped on down stroke of the barrel part in the bore of the tubing.

JESSE E. HALL.