US2190045A - Rotary jar - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 13, 1940. E. F. RAYMOND ROTARY JAR Original Filed Oct. 19, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 lNvENToR. Edward F Raj/mona BYI/JO Mm Feb. E3, 1940. E. F. RAYMOND ROTARY J AR Original Filed Oct. 19, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 mmm mm MDWMJ HZ@ m w a w MW@ ATTORNEY.

Patented Feb. 13, 1940 UNITED STATES l ROTARY JAR Edward F. Raymond, Manhattan Beach, Calif.

Application October 19, 1936, Serial No. 106,290 Renewed November 28, 1938 18 Claims.

My invention relates to adjustable rotary jars used ln connection with drilling and iishing tools utilized in cil well drilling operations.

An important object of my invention is to provide such a rotary jar that may be adjusted without disconnecting the drill string, without withdrawing the drill string from the hole, and without withdrawing the jar from the hole.

Another object is to provide means in such a rotary jar for successively increasing the tension, whereby blows of increased `intensity may be dealt in order to dislodge a tool stuck in a well.

A further object is to provide means in a rotary jar for automatically dealing a sudden, downward blow by means of the superposed weight of drill stem upon the jar.

A still further object is to provide in a rotary jar of any character mentioned above in which blows may be dealt with the single tool in either an upward or a downward direction.

Another object of the invention is to provide for automatically increasing the tension for the purpose mentioned, or automatically decreasing the tension by means of the weight of superposed drill stem.

The invention also comprises novel details of construction and novel combinations and arrangement of parts, which will more fully appear in the course of the following description.

In the drawings, like reference characters designate similar parts in the several views.

Figure l is a longitudinal section of a rotary jar embodying features of my invention, and showing the device ready to commence an upwardly directed jarring blow.

Figure 2 is an elevation, partly in section, showing the completion of the upwardly directed jarring blow.

Figure 3 is an elevation, partly in section, showing an adjusting position of the device.

Figure 4 is an elevation, partly in section, showing the device ready to commence a downwardly directed jarring blow. n

Figure 5 is an elevation, partly in section, show ing the completion of the downwardly directed jarring blow.

Figures 6 to 9, inclusive, and Figure l1 are respectivelf,r transverse sections taken on the lines 6 6, I-l, 8-8, 9 9, II--II of Figure 2.

Figure 10 is a transverse section taken on the line Ill- I0 of Figure 1. y

Figures 12 and 13 show longitudinal sections of a broken elevation, illustrating a modied construction.

Figure 14 is a transverse section taken on the line I4-I4 of Figure 13.

Referring more in detail to the drawings, the reference number I5 designates a wash pipe concentrically disposed in the bore of an upper sub I6. A gland I1 and packing I8 mount the wash pipe in uid tight relationship to the upper sub I6. The upper sub is shown in Figure 1 in threaded engagement with a threaded pin I9 on the lower end of a string of drill pipe.

The normally lower end of the upper sub I6 has an internally and externally threaded nipple 20. The internal threads are screwed upon the upper end of a mandrel 2I. The external threads of the nipple are screwed into an upper, female section 22 of a bowl generally designated by the number 23. A lower, male section of the bowl is shown at 24. The said bowl sections will be more fully described hereinafter.

Slidably mounted upon the mandrel 2l is an adjusting ring or sleeve 26. A portion of the ring 26 is tapered exteriorly and another portion carries left-hand threads 25 that engage corresponding threads on the opposed surface within the upper bowl section. Disposed upon the tapering portion of the ring 26 are depending guides or teeth 21.

The mandrel also comprises a hammer 28 provided at its lower end with splines 29 on opposite sides of the hammer.

Packing 30 and a gland 3I provide a iiuid tight connection between a wash pipe 32 leading from the lower end of the mandrel and a lower sub 33. The lower sub has a threaded connection with the lower end of the lower bowl section 24, which section has upper and lower anvils 34 and 35 respectively for striking contact by the hammer 28.

The lower bowl section 24 also contains oppositely disposed grooves 36 for sliding engagement by the splines 29 on the hammer. It will be noted in Figure 10 that between the grooves 36 are members 31 of the section 24, which provide shoulders upon which the splines 29 may rest when the hammer 28 is raised and given a quarter turn. The members 31 also provide abutments to transmit rotary movement of the mandrel to the lower bowl section 24.

Integral with the mandrel 2|, and below the hammer 28, are four clutch members 38 at quadrant points around the circumference. The lower sub 33 contains grooves 39 to receive the clutch members 38. Members 40 of the lower sub between the grooves 39 provide shoulders upon which the clutch members may rest when the clutch members are not alined with the grooves 39. The bottom edges of the clutch members 38 and the top edges of the shoulders 46 are inclined in the same direction, to cause the clutch' members to tend to slide from said shoulders when the weight of the mandrel and the weight of a superposed drill stem are allowed to rest on the clutch members. The inclination of said edges is preferably 25 or 30 from the horizontal.

Arranged in the lower bowl section 24, longitudinally between the anvils 34 and 36, are oppositely disposed ribs 4I that provide abutments for the splines 29, to limit torque of the hammer to 180.

The lower bowl section 24 has an integral, upwardly projecting male member 42 that telescopes with the upper, female bowl member 22. Between the body oi' the lower bowl section and the male member 42 is a circumferential shoulder 43 for limiting inward movement of the male member with respect to the upper bowl section 22.

`To provide fluid-tight packing between the male member 42 and the upper bowl section a rubber gasket 44 is provided. The inner surface of the upper bowl section 22 has a groove 45 in which the rubber gasket is preferably vulcanized.

Arranged at the upper end of the lower bowl section 24 (at the end of the male member 42) is an expansible, yieldable, resilient end-portion 46. Said end-portion is serrated, providing teeth 41 which cooperate with the teeth 21 to form clutch means engageable and disengageable by longitudinal relative' movement of the upper and lower sections of the jar, which clutch means forms part of the means of the invention for adjusting the releasable movement restraining means comprising the crimps 50 and the grooves which cooperate therewith. Between the teeth. the end-portion 46 is split, as shown at 48. Allned with the points of the teeth 41, but not extending to said points, are slots 49. 'I'he end-portion 46 has a series of circumferential crimps 50.

In the form shown in Figures 1 and 2, the crimps are formed of angularly arranged faces providing a series of pointed ridges 5I. In the form shown in Figure 12, the crimps have cylindrical faces52 between angularly arranged faces 53 and 54. In the form shown in Figure 12, the teeth 55 resemble the contour of rip saw teeth. In the form shown in Figure 13, the splines are omitted from the hammer 56.

Rotary movement of the mandrel in this form is transmitted to the lower sub through the intermediary of clutch members 51 and 58 mounted in staggered relation on the mandrel. The clutch members 51 are constructed similar to, and function similar to, the clutch members 38, except that there are only two of the clutch members 51.

The members 58 provide abutments for engaging stops 59 in grooves 66 of lower sub 6|. The top of the lower sub 6| between the grooves 60 provide inclined shoulders 62 for engagement with the lower inclined ends of the clutch members 51, in one position of the latter.

The upper bowl section 22 is grooved interiorly corresponding to the crimps 56. The upper bowl section 63 in Figure l2 is grooved interiorly corresponding to the crimps shown in the latter figure.

The inner surface of the end-portion 46 is preferably tapered to conform with the taper of the expanding sleeve 26 as shown in Figure 4. The

exterior surface of the end-portion 46 may dare downwardly and outwardly, as also suggested in the latter figure, and the therewith opposed, interiorly grooved portion of the upper bowl section 22 may flare correspondingly.

The operation of my rotary jar is as follows: The downward jarring operationV will be described rst. It is to be understood that when hitting a downwardly directed blow, the yieldable end portion 46, the teeth-41, the guides 21, the tapered sleeve 26, and the left-hand threads 25 are inoperative for the functions hereinbefore described.

Figure 4 illustrates the position of the hammer 28 ready for a downwardly directed jarring blow.

In this position, the splines 29 of the hammer are alined with the lower 'anvil 35 and out of alinement with the grooves 86. This relative arrangement permits the hammer splines to strike the lower `anvil a full, jarring blow without the hammer descending to its lowest position and without the expanding sleeve' 26 forcibly entering and expanding the resilient member 46. Thus the mandrel and hammer are permitted to descend sharply irrespective of the upper bowl section, inasmuch as the resilience of the end-portion 46 will permit it to slide along inside the upper bowl section 22.

When the device is ready for a downwardly jarring blow, the inclined ends of the clutch members 38 rest on the inclined shoulders 40. Without permitting rotation, the entire superposed weight of the drill stem is then allowed to rest upon the mandrel. Thereupon the drill stem is freed for rotation, permitting the inclined clutch ends to slip from the inclined shoulders 49, dealing a sharp, effective, downward blow.

The position of the hammer 28 at the end of its downwardly directed blow is illustrated in Figure 5.

When producing an upwardly directed blow,

the mandrel, and hence the hammer, are turned in a horizontal plane from their position in which they produce a downwardly directed blow. Figure 3 shows the newly adjusted position. In this new position, the splines 29 are alined with the grooves 36 and out of alinement with the anvil 35.

Moreover, downward movement of the upper bowl section 22 forces the expanding sleeve 26 to move into the expansible end-portion 46, whereby the crimps 56 engage the corresponding grooves in the upper bowl section. The endportion 46 thereby acts as a clutch for maintaining the upper and lower bowlsections as an operating unit for the up stroke. 'Ihe position of the hammer 28, when it is ready for an upwardly directed blow, is illustrated in Figure l.

The position of the hammer 28 at the end of the upwardly directed stroke, is shown in Fig-` ure 2.

The operation of the means for increasing the tension between the upper and lower bowl sections, which is an important feature of the invention, is as follows: The upper bowl section 22 is lifted until the guides or teeth 21 are disengaged from the teeth 41, but still maintain the clutch members in engagement with the grooves 39. Then torque is taken in the sub and upper bowl section 22 to the right, until the guides 21 pass the tips of the next succeeding teeth. Then the drill stem above the jarring device is allowed to settle down, thus forcing the guides further to the right by reason of the sloping sides of the teeth 41, as best shown in Figure l. This movement rotatesthe sleeve 26, which, by reason of the left-hand threads 25, forces the sleeve further down into the expansible end-portion 46, thus increasing the tension between the upper and lower bowl sections and thus increasing the force of the upwardly directed blow. Y

Further increase in the tension is similarly made. v0f course, decrease in the tension is effected by taking the torque in the opposite direction. i The guide 10 in Figure 12 corresponds in shape to the teeth 55 and produces the adjustment for the tension in the manner described as to the previous form.

In the form shown in Figure 13, the splines are eliminated from the 'hammer and the abutments 58 limit rotary movement of the mandrel. The clutch members 51 function similar to the operation explained in connection with clutch member 38.

While I have illustrated and described what I now regard as the preferred embodiment of my invention, the construction is, of course, subject to modifications without departing from the spirit of myinvention. I, therefore, do not wish to restrict myself to the particular form of construction illustrated and described, but desire to avail myself of all modifications which may fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a jar for use in rotary drilling, a bowl having male and female sections arranged for movement from a contracted to an extended position, the end-portion of the male section being expansible to frictionally engage the inner surface of the female section and hold the sections in a contracted position, a mandrel, and a tapered sleeve having a threaded connection with said female section and slidably embracing the mandrel arranged to expand the said endportion within the female section, the threaded 'LTI connection being arranged to progressively move the sleeve into or out of the male section, to vary the friction between the sections and to vary the tension necessary to move the sections to an extended position.

2. In a jar for use in rotary drilling, a bowl having male and female sections arranged for movement from a contracted to an extended position, the end-portion of the male section being expansible and being tapered exteriorly and the opposed surface of the female section being correspondingly tapered interiorly, a mandrel, a hammer on the mandrel, an anvil in the bowl, a wedge-shaped member on the female section arranged to enter the end-portion of the male section and expand same, whereby the sections frictionally engage, the one within the other and hold the sections in a contracted position until the strain of the hammer against the anvil overcomes the said friction and the sections are moved to an extended position.

3. In a jar `for use in rotary drilling, a bowl having male and female sections arranged for movement from a contracted to an extended position, the end-portion of the male section being expansible and being tapered interiorly, and a similarly tapered, wedge member on the female section arranged to expand the end-portion to frictionally engage the inner surface of the female section, to hold the sections in a contracted position, the wedge member being movable progressively into the end-portion, to vary the friction between the sections and to vary the tension necessary to move the sections to an extended position.

4. In a jar for use in rotary drilling, a mandrel, upper and lower subs spaced along the mandrel, a bowl comprising sections on the mandrel between the subs, the bowl sections being connected with the subs respectively, the mandrel being naked and of uniform diameter between the subs except for a hammer head holding the sections in alinement and adapted to carry the entire jarring load but permitting at least one of the sections to be movable relative to the other from a contracted to an extended position, resilient means to hold the sections in a contracted position, the resilient means being adapted to release the bowl whereby at least one of the sections may be moved to an extended position when the strain exceeds a predetermined amount.

5. In a jar for use in rotary drilling, a mandrel, a tapered. threaded. expanding member on the mandrel, a bowl comprising male and female sections movable from a contracted to an extended position on the mandrel, the end-portion of the male section being expansible to frictionally engage the inner surface of the female section anti hold the sections in a contracted position, the outer edge of the end-portion being toothed, a guide on the expanding member arranged to selectively engage the teeth as the expanding member enters the expansible end-portion, the threads being arranged on the expanding member to progressively move the sleeve in or out of the end-portion to vary the friction between the sections and to vary the tension necessary to move the sections to an extended position.

6. In a jar for `use in rotary drilling, a mandrel, a tapered, threaded expanding member on the mandrel, a bowl comprising male and female telescoping sections movable from a contracted to an extended position on the mandrel, a portion of the male section being expansible to frictionally engage the inner surface of the female section and hold the sections in a contracted position, the male section having teeth provided with tapered edges, aV tapered guide on the mandrel arranged to selectively engage the teeth when the expanding member is within the said expansible portion, the female section having a threaded connection with the sleeve to progressively move the sleeve in orout relative to the end-portion of the male member, the guide and teeth being tapered in opposite directions for the weight above the jar to force rotary movement of the guide, whereby to`effect longitudinal movement of the guide, relative to the male section by the guide seating itself between adjacent teeth.

7. A jar for use in rotary drilling, comprising two members telescopically assembled one within the other for relative longitudinal movement from a contracted to an extended position, friction means normally holding said members in a contracted position but releasable by the exertion of a predetermined longitudinal strain between said members, and means for adjusting said friction means to vary the strain required to release it, said adjusting means comprisingV a friction-increasing wedge on one member providing a threaded connection with the other member and vertically opposed, inclined teeth on the wedge and the other member whereby the teeth seat themselves between each other by the weight of a drill stem above the jar.

8. In a jar for use in rotary drilling, a mandrel, a bowl, a sub having an inclined shoulder, a clutch on the mandrel having a similarly inclined surface for engaging the inclined shoulder, the sub having means for engaging with said clutch to effect conjunctive rotary movement of the mandrel and sub. a hammer on the mandrel and the bowl having an anvil arranged to be struck a jarring blow by the hammer, the said inclines on the clutch and on the sub being of suiclent angle to the horizontal for the one to slide from the other, the mandrel being rotatable separately 4from the sub when the clutch is in a non-engaging position, whereby torque may be taken in the mandrel separately, the sliding of the clutch from the sub shoulder causing the hammer to deliver a blow against the anvil.

9. In a jar for use in rotary drilling, a mandrel, a bowl, a sub having an inclined shoulder, a hammer on the mandrel, the bowl having an anvil arranged to be struck a jarring blow by the hammer, a clutch on the mandrel, thesub being grooved for engaging with said clutch, the clutch having a surface inclined similarly to the shoulder on the sub, the inclined surfaces being in contact in one position of the mandrel, the inclines being of sufficient angle to the horizontal for the mandrel to slide from the sub into said engaging position, an abutment on the mandrel in staggered relation with the clutch, the abutment engaging the groove on the sub and limiting relative rotary movement of the mandrel and the sub.

10. A jar for rotary drilling comprising: a mandrel adapted to depend from a drilling string; a body member telescoping over the lower end of said mandrel; hammer and anvil means incorporating said mandrel and body member; an outer shell depending from said drilling string around said mandrel; an inner shell extending upwardly from said body member between said outer shell and mandrel; and friction means incorporating both of said shells, adapted to release upon application of a predetermined longitudinal stress on said drilling string.

1l. A jar for rotary drilling comprising: a mandrel adapted to depend from a drilling string; a body member telescoping over the lower end Iof said mandrel; hammer and anvil means incorporating said mandrel and body member; an outer shell depending from said drilling string around said mandrel and rotatable with said drilling string; an inner shell extending upwardly from said body member between said shell and mandrel; friction means incorporating both of said shells, adapted to release upon application of a predetermined longitudinal stress on said drilling string; a screw-threaded traveler member mounted within said outer shell and engageable with said inner shell to shift axially of said outer shell and drilling string upon relative rotation of the shells; and an adjusting element for said friction means carried by said traveler member.

l2. A jar for rotary drilling comprising: a mandrel adapted to depend from a drilling string; a body member telescoping over the lower end of said mandrel; hammer and anvil means incorporating said mandrel and body member; an outer shell dependingfrom said drilling string around said mandrel; an inner shell extending upwardly from said body member between said shell and mandrel; friction means incorporating both of said shells, adapted to release upon application of a predetermined stress on said drilling string; a traveler member screw-threaded with respect to one of said shells; clutch means incorporating said traveler member and the other of said shells, said clutch means being engaged to shift the traveler member axially when said hammer and anvil means are in proximate engagement, and disengaged when said hammer and anvil means are substantially separated; and an adjustment element carried by said traveler and engageable with said friction means to regulate the same.

13. A jar for rotary drilling comprising: a mandrel adapted to depend from a drilling string; a body member telescoping over the lower end of said mandrel: hammer and anvil means incorporating said mandrel and body member; an o'uter shell depending from said drilling string around said mandrel; an inner shell extending upwardly from said body member between said shell and mandrel; yieldable fingers extending from one of said shells and engageable with the other shell, there being rib and recess means incorporating the yieldable fingers and other shell disengageable upon exertion of a predetermined longitudinal strain between said shells; a traveler member screw-threadedly associated with one shell and having clutch means engageable with the other shell; and a Wedge member carried by said traveler member to expand and adjust the tension of said yieldable fingers.

14. A jar for rotary drilling comprising: a mandrel adapted to depend from a drilling string; a body member telescoping over the lower end of' said mandrel; hammer and anvil means incorporating said mandrel and body member; an outer shell depending from said drilling string around said mandrel; an inner shell extending upwardly from said body member between said shell and mandrel; yieldable fingers extending from said inner shell; rib and recess means incorporating said fingers and the confronting wall of the outer shell; a traveler member screwthreadedy mounted within said outer shell and having a wedge member adapted to telescope in said fingers and adjust the tension thereof; said fingers defining a serrated edge and a lug carried by said traveler engageable with said fingers to form therewith a clutch for shifting said traveler member upon relative rotation of said shells. 15. The combination with a jar having a pair of telescoping shells; yieldable fingers extending from said inner shell; rib and recess-means incorporating said fingers and the confronting wall of the outer shell; a' traveler member screwthreadedly mounted Within said outer shell and having a wedge member adapted to telescope in said ngers and adjust the tension thereof; said fingers defining a serrated edge and a lug carried by said traveler member engageable with said ngers to form therewith a clutch for shifting said traveler member upon relative rotation of said shells. l

16. In a rotary jar of the character described. the combination of a pair of sections connected together for longitudinal relative movement and for angular Arelative movement from a first angular position to a second angular position, there being two sets of shoulders on said sections engageable to produce a jarring blow when said sections are moved either together or apart, and means of interengagement whereby rotation may be transmitted from one section to the other section; releasable restraining means operati\ when said sections are in said first angularposition to restrain said sections against relative out- Vns waard movement to produce a jarring blow;v and releasable restraining means operative when said sections are in said second angular position to restrain said sections against relative inward movement to produce a jarring blow, said releasable means being released by force appliedk through said sections tending to impart relative longitudinal movement to said sections.

17. A jar for rotary drilling comprising: a mandrel adapted to depend from a drilling string; a body member telescoping over the lower end of said mandrel; hammer and anvil means incorporating said mandrel and body member; an outer shell depending from said drilling string around said mandrel; an inner shell extending upwardly from said body member between said shell and mandrel; yieldable fingers extending from said inner shell; rib and recess means incorporating said fingers and the confronting wall of the outer shell; a traveler member screwthreadedly mounted within said outer shell and having a wedge member adapted to telescope in said ilngers and adjust the tension thereof; said fingers defining a serrated edge and a lug carried by said traveler engageable with said fingers to form therewith a clutch for shifting said traveler member upon relative rotation of said shells.

18. The combination with a jar having a pair of telescoping shell-s; yieldable fingers extending from said inner shell; rib and recess means incorporating said fingers and the confronting Wall of the outer shell; a traveler member screwthreadeldly mounted within said outer shell and having a Wedge member adapted to telescope in said fingers and adjust the tension thereof; said iingers defining a serrated edge and a lug carried by said traveler member engageable with said ngers to form therewith a clutch for shifting said traveler member upon relative rotation of said shells.

EDWARD F. RAYMOND.

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