US2189004A

US2189004A - Apparatus for necking in the ends of containers

Info

Publication number: US2189004A
Application number: US208809A
Authority: US
Inventors: Reymour E Harwood
Original assignee: Niagara Machine and Tool Works
Current assignee: Niagara Machine and Tool Works
Priority date: 1938-05-19
Filing date: 1938-05-19
Publication date: 1940-02-06
Anticipated expiration: 1957-02-06

Description

Feb. 6, 1940.

R. E. HARWOOD ,004

APPARATUS FOR NECKING IN THE ENDS OE CONTAINERS Filed May 19, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 0?. a? wv a"? W, W( O? ATTORNEYS R. E. HARWOOD 89,004

1 Filed y 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 APPARATUS FOR NECKING IN THE ENDS 0F CONTAINERS Feb. 6, 1940.

iatented Feb. 6, 1 .94%

ca -ED s tar-as AT1-: NT OFFICE armaarus, son NECKING IN THE commas ENDS OF Reyinour Ha rwood,.Kenmore, ,N. Y., assignor to Niagara Machine & Tool Works, Buflalo, N. Y.,

a corporation of New York Application May 19, 1938, Serial'No. 208.809

2 Claims.

so produced being generally either, curled to prom vide a mouth for receiving a cover or being provided with a flange which is formedinto' a rolled seam in which the edge of the bottom is interlocked in the usual manner. necking: in one end of a container is to enable the containers to be interfltted when stacked, the reduced end of one container fitting into the larger end of another container thereby to obtain a more compact. stacking of such containers as well as a more stable stack.

.As now. generally practiced thenecking in of such containers is eflfected by large male and female .dies which are brought together to form a reduced neck at the end of the container. While the containers so formed are satisfactory, this method of necking in the ends of the containers has the disadvantages that high production cannot be achieved in so forming the necks bymeans of dies and also that an individual pair of dies is required for each style .of container. disadvantages can be overcome by rolling the neck in the container by means of a pair of opposed rollersworking from the inside and the outside oi. the container. such rolling methods have not been satisfactory due to crimps produced in the neck by the rollers. This crimping and hence objectionable appearance oi the finished product is due t the fact that in reducing the diameter of the container the amount of metal is also reduced and since the line contact of rollers does not provide for a lengthwise. flow of the metal, the excess metal inevitably appearsas crimpings in the reduced neck.

It is the principal object of the present invention to provide apparatus for necking in the ends 45 of such containers which is effected by a rolling process, thereby to obta n the advantage oi a higher speed of production and at'the same time produce a neck whichis of smooth surface appearance.

Another: object of the invention is to provide such apparatus in which the neckis formed with a radially extending flange at the same time that the neck is produced, the metal displaced in forming the neck flowinginto this. flange 55 and this flange serving to provide the mate The necking The purpose of so While such rial for forming a false wire or curl if thenecked in end is to be the mouth of the container or serving to provide the material for forming a seam if the neck is provided at the-bottom 'of'the container;

Another object of the invention is to provide a mechanism in which the operating mechanism is rapidly .brought into .operating relation to the container and also; rapidly retracted therefrom, this enabling the high speed production of such containers.

In the accompanying drawings: Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a machine fornecking in the ends'of containers in accordance with my invention.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation oi a blank container preparatory to being necked in.

Fig. 3 is a similar view showing the blank after it has been necked in in accordance with my invention.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary vertical section through the machine shown in Fig. 1 and showing the container being necked in. a 7 In carrying out'the invention the metal form ing the container is first formed into the cylindrical blank 5- shown in Fig. 2 which is open at its opposite ends and which may or may not be curled or false wired as indicated at 6 in one end. This blank is formed, in accordance with this invention, atone end to provide an inwardly tapering portion "I terminating in a cylindrical 'neck 8 of reduced form, an outwardly extending flange 9 being formed atthe end of the neck 8. The

flange 9 and neck 8 are, of course, formed from the metal composing the blank 5. After the blank has been formed, as shown in Fig. 3, the flange 9 can either be rolled to provide a curl for receiving the usual cover (not shown) or it can circular plate 20 of substant ally the same diameter as the interior of the blank 5 and a lower circular plat-e 2| which at its upper end is preferably the same diameter as the plate 20' and at i s lower end is formed to provide an outwardly pro ecting flange 2? for apurpose which will presently appear; The plates 20 and 2| are pref- 2 erably. connected at their edges by a cylinder 23, the opposite ends of this cylinder being preferably welded to the plates and 2|, as indicated The upper plate 20 isprovidedwith acentrak circular opening in which is fitted an upper hub 25, the upper plate 20 being secured to this hub by screws 26.- tween this hub and areduced portion of the post II, the bearing ZIalso. serving as a thrust bearing and hence being supported on a shoulder 28' on the post. Y The bearing 21 is also preferably held in place by a pair of rings 29 and 30, one of which is screwed into the hub 25 and the other of which is screwed onto the post IT.

The upper hub 25 is connected to a lower hub I by a sleeve 36 which is preferably welded to these hubs, the lower hub 35 being secured to the A bearing 31 is interposed The standard l5 carries an overhead circular plate 42 which is arranged coaxial with the post I! and is shown as removably secured by screws 43 to a constantly rotating hub 44. This hub can be mounted and driven in any suitable manner,

not shown. In order to insure the proper operative relation between the mandrel l8 and the plate 42, a central bushing 451s preferably provided in the hub 44 and this bushing receives a pilot pin 46 at the upper end of the post' 11. The margin of the plate 42 is recessed and in this recess are secured, by means of screws 41 or in any other suitable manner, a plurality of rings which act as dies in forming the neck 8 of the container and the flange 9. One of these rings,

4B, is relatively wide and is held against a spacer 49 and the other of these rings, 50, is comparatively thick. When the chuck I8 is elevated by the air cylinder "5, the upper face of the ring engages the lower face of the ring 50 and it will be observed that in this relation the adjacent faces of the rings 48,. 50 and 40 correspond to the finished form of the neck I, 8 and flange 9 of the container, these rings serving as the internal die faces in producing this neck.

Between the plate 42 and the air cylinder I 6 the standard l5 of the machine carries a vertically adjustable bracket 55. This bracket is 1 formed to provide a horizontal ring 56 through which the chuck I8 moves as it is raised and lowered. This ring 56 carries a ring 5'1 which is formed to provide a seat 58, a loose ring 59 being normally seated on this seat 58. To prevent f lateral displacement of the loose ring 59 a relatively deep-ring 60 is mounted on the ring 51 and surrounds the seat 58. The ring 59 is adapted to be picked up by the flange 22 .of the lower circular plate 2| of the chuck and for this purpose is of .1

smaller internal diameter than the stationaryrings 56 and 51 on which itis dropped each time the chuck is lowered. The ring 59 also receives the lower end of the blank 5 and hence is provided with an internal groove 6| in which the bead 6 of the container is fitted.

When the chuck I 8 is elevated'the die'rings 48,

50 and 40 are brought into operative relation with a pair of forming

rolls

62 and 63. These form ing rolls are shaped to conform to the exterior A bearing 21 is interposed be This ring 40 is ings fl and 3'Ibeing provided for this purpose.

ator actuates the .slide 64 by any suitable means 'ment of the container.

of the finished flanged neck of the container and. are mounted upon a slide 64 which, when the container blank is brought intofop'erative position, is moved outwardly by anysuitable means (not shown) to form the neck and flange on the 8 container in accordance with the present inven tion. I

In operating the machine shown in necking in g the ends of containers in accordance'withthej present invention, the operator takes one of the blanks 5 and places it in the recess 6| of thef ring 59, this ring being seated onthe stationary seat'58 at this time. He then introduces air into the cylinder l6 which elevates the post. I! thereby lifting the chuck. l8. In operation this chuck is rotating since, while it is not positively driven, its successive engagement with the rotating disk 42 in actual operation causes the whirling at rela- 'tively high speed. The chuck thereby enters the blank 5 and upon its continued elevation the ring 59 is caught by theflange 22 of the lower plate 2| so that this ring, together with the blank 5, are lifted from the stationary seat 58 andsupported exclusively by the chuck. Uponv the further continued elevation of the chuck I! ll the pilot pin 46 "enters the bushing 58 and theupper face of-the die ring 491s brought into en gagement with the lower face 'of the die ring '50 and the piece 'to be worked on is loosely held between the

rings

59 and 49. Since the plate 42 carrying the die ring 50 is constantly rotating, it will be seen that the entire chuck I8 is thereupon positively rotated around the post l1, bear- As previously explained, the whirling of the chuck is continued after the chuck is withdrawn from engagement with the ring'50 and in actual practice is continuously whirling. After the chuck is engaged with-the'die "ring 50 the oper- (not shown) to move the forming rolls 92 and 93 into engagement with the adjacent end of the blank 5. e

Theinitial effect of the roll is to break the material around the lower edge of the ring 49- and the lower edge of the tapered ring 49 thus to a large extentrestraining a lengthwise move- Continued inward move-'- ment of the roll 93 reduces the diameter ofthecontainer at this point and therefore reduces the circumference and amount of metal in a circumfe'rential plane which action causes wrinkles in the relatively thin container wall. However this same movement of the roll causes an increase in the length of the container wall in a plane I at right angles to the aforementioned circumferential plane. Since the container is restrained from moving in a vertical plane the additional metal is obtained by reason of the decrease in metal required in the circumferential plane. Further restraining of the tendency to .form wrinkles is brought about by the fact that the inner surface of the container fits the outer metal caused by forming the neckprovides an" areaooe I Y endvvisefloworthenietal, the metal I vides a neck tree: from crimps. or wrinkles.

so d splaced flowing into and enlarging the flange Q. In the flnal forming operation the'rolls O2 and 03 are brought into the full line position shown in P18.

4 which completes the necking operation and prowm be understood that the internal die rings 58,

v the container. This permits oi a high speed neck- 50 and llldo not have to engage the interior oi the blank 50 with any particularly great degree of precisiongit being essentialqthat the container besupported by .these rings along approximately half 0! its periphery so that the metal cannot crimp sidewise,and'-'!orm wrinkles. when the necking in operation-has been completed the operator retracts the slide 04 until the forming rolls 82 and 63 clear the flange I of the container after which the air pressure in the cylinder I. is relieved to lower the post H. The lowering oi the post i! carries the chuck I8 downwardly.

As the chuck so descends downwardly the loose ning 59 is picked up by'the stationary rings 58 and B1 and since the loose ring It carries the Iormed blank, the blank will besupported'by the stationary bracket II as the chuck continues its downward descent to the dotted line position shown in Fig. 4. In this dotted line position the chuck is sumciently retracted from the necked in container'blank to permit this blank to be removed and another untormed blank thereby replaced in the groove {I of the I loose ring 59 V and the operation as above described repeated.

From] the foregoing it will be seen that the present invention provides a method of forming containers in which the containers are packed in and flanged by a rolling process without danger of crimping or i'orming wrinkles in the neck of ing operation particularly withvthe machine as shown in which the container, can be quickly placed in position on the loose ring after which the chuck can be quickly elevated to its operat ive position and the rolling oi! the neck effected. While I have shown one form oi! the invention it will be appreciated that the invention is not to be limited to any particular detail illustrated and is to be accorded theiullrange otequivalents comprehended by the accompanying claims.

I claim as my invention:

' 1. A mechanism for necking in the ends'ot cylindrical sheet metal containers, comprising a standard, a vertical post --mounted on said a 7 standard, means for moving said post vertically,

said post and moved vertically therewith, said cylindrical forming die being o! substantially the same diameter as the internal diameter of said container and the upper end thereof being provided with a neck of reduced diameter, abracket ring secured to said standard and through which said die is moved, a movable ring provided with a groove adapted toreceive the lower rim of said container and loosely mounted on said bracket ring,-said forming die being provided with an extension adapted to engage and pick up saidgrooved ring when said forming die is elevated to its extreme upward position, means for rotating-said die, a forming roll arranged to engage the exterior of said container adjacent said neck and to displace thematerial of said container inwardly against said neck and means for moving I said roll toward and from said die.

r 2. A mechanism for necking in the ends of cylindrical sheet metal containers, comprising a standard, a vertical post mounted on said standard.,means for moving said post vertically,

, a cylindrical forming die rotatably mounted on said post. and moved vertically therewith, said \with an extension adapted to engage and pick up said grooved ringwhen said forming die is elevated to its extreme upward position, a second forming die arranged over said first forming die and coaxial therewith, said second forming die being provided with a portion of reduced diameter adapted to enter the end of said container and engage the end of said first forming die when said first Iorming die is elevated, means for continuously rotating said second forming die thereby to rotate said first forming die and container when said first forming die is so elevated, a forming roll. arranged to engage the exterior of said container at the area adjacent the place 01' juncture of said forming dies to displace the-material of said container against the reduced portion oi said second forming die and the neck of said first forming die and means for moving said forming roll toward and from said forming dies.

I REYMOUR E. EAR-WOOD.