US2188470A - Wire drawing die and die holder - Google Patents

Description

Jam so, 1940. F, H BRANDT 2,188,470

WIRE DRAWING DIE AND DIE HOLDER Filed Aug. 10', 1936 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR 'f fe G. 5r /mz I 2. @Y

x 30 2? ?82/ 336 32 26 3 3 3 ATTORNEY Jan. 30, 1940. H Q BRANDT 2,188,470

WIRE DRAWING DIE AND DIE HOLDER Filed Aug. l0, 1936 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Jan. 30, 1940. F. H. G. BRANDT WIRE DRAWING DIE AND DIE HOLDER 4 sheets-sheet' s v INVENTOR #ed ra/zaf ATTORNEY Filed Aug. 10, 1936 l Tmmnumlllll Jan. 30, 1940. F. H. G. BRANDT WIRE DRAWING DIE AND DIE HOLDER 4 Sheets-Sheet. 4

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ATTORNEY Patented Jan. 30, 1940 UNITED STATES WIRE DRAWING DIE AND DIE HOLDER Fred H. G. Brandt, Kansas City, Mo., assigner to Sheield Steel Corporation, Kansas City, Mo., a corporation of Ohio Application August 10, 1936, Serial No. 95,121

9 Claims.

This invention relates to wire drawing apparatus including a die having a. wear resisting nib, a holder for the die and a retainer for securing the die inthe holder. In dies of this character a wire to be drawn is pulled through a lubricant, through a guide opening in the retainer, and then through the nib of the die to effect reduction of the wire in accordance with the shape and size of the die opening in the nib. In ordinary die apparatus, the lubricant on the wire is in excess of the amount that can be drawn with the wire through the die, consequently the excess lubricant collects between the retainer and the die with the result that a pressure is built up therebetween and unless the parts are constructed of high tensile strength materials the pressure is destructive to the die and die holder. There is also a great quantity of heat generated by the wire being drawn and it is necessary to cool the die by circulating a cooling medium through the holder. Since the die must be readily removable from the holder, and because of the pressure generated by the lubricant, it has been diicult to successfully cool .3 the dies.

It is, therefore, the principal objects of the present invention to provide adle and a die holder constructed to prevent excessive pressures of the lubricant and to provide a construction wherein an adequate cooling eiect is accomplished through direct contact of the cooling medium with the die.

Other important objects of the invention are to provide a construction which permits forma- 35 tion of the die holder and retainer of a nonferrous alloy, such as aluminum bronze; to facilitate removal and replacement of the die proper;

to provide a construction which permits more intimate engagement of the contacting surfaces 40 between the respective parts, including the die and its holder, thereby promoting better conductivity and more uniform temperatures; and to provide a die having suicient radiating surfaces in contact with the cooling medium to maintain the die at its required temperature.

In accomplishing these and other objects of the invention, as hereinafter pointed out, I have provided improved details of structure, the preferred forms of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a perspective View of a die and holder constructed in accordance with the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a section throughthe die and die holder on the line 2 2 of Fig. 3, particularly i1- lustrating the passageway through which a cooling medium is circulated in direct contact with the die. y

Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3'-3 of Fig. 2 illustrating sealing of the die within the holder. o

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the die retainer and the wire guide insert shown in disassembled spacedrelation.

Fig. 5 is a face view of the die retainer and the guide insert in assembled position.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a modied form of die and holder.

Fig. 7 Vis a sectional view through the modiiied form taken on the line 1 1 of Fig. 8.

Fig. 8 is a section on the line 8--8 of Fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a perspective view of the die, the die retainer and wire guide insert, shown in disassembled spaced relation.

Fig. 10 is a face view of the parts illustrated in Fig. 9 when in assembled condition.

Fig. 11 isa section through a die and die holder constructed in accordance with.the present invention, showing a. modified form, of seal between the die and a retainer, capable of maintaining the seal regardless of any diierential in expansion or contraction of the parts.

Fig. 12 is a section on the line |2|2 of Fig. 11.

Fig. 13 is a face view of the die retainer.

Fig. 14 is a perspective view of the parts shown in Fig. 11 in disassembled spaced relation to better disclose the construction.

Fig. 15 is an end View of the .die shown in Fig. 11.

Fig. 16 is an elevational view of a die holder constructed in accordance with the present invention, showing a. modified form of die retainer and sealing ring.

Fig. 17 is a section on the line I'l-I'I of Fig. 16.

Fig. 18 is a detail perspective view of the parts illustrated in Figs. 16 and` 1'7, shown in disassem- 40 bled spaced relation.

Fig. 19 is a detail section through one of the fasteners for the die retainer on the line |9--l9 of Fig. 16.

Referring more in detail to the drawings, and particularly to the form of the invention shown in Figs. 1 to 5 inclusive:

I designates a die apparatus constructed in accordance with the present invention, including a die holder 2, a die `3 supported in the holder, 50 and a retainer 4 for clampingly securing the die in the holder.

The die holder 2 includes a. substantially rectangular face plate portion 5 and an integral, substantially cylindrical body 6. The body pori 'I'he inlet and outlet parts communicate with flow channels I3 and I4 respectively formed in rib-like bosses I5 and I6 extending laterally from the side of the body portion at one end of the plate 2. The outer ends of the channels I3 and I4 are internally threaded, as at I1 and I8, to connect influent and eiiiuent pipes I9 and for a cooling medium that is circulated about the passageway and in direct contact with the die, y

Formed in the plate portion 5 andin concentric relation with the recess 1 is an opening 2I encircled by an annular rib 221 projecting within the water passageway 8 and which is provided on its inner periphery with a bevelled annular seat 23 to sealingly seat the die, as later described. The opposite side of the recess 1, while being of smaller diameter than the passageway 8, is of larger diameter than the opening 2| and is in-v ternally threaded, as at 24, to mount the die retainer 4.

The die 3 is of circular shape and of suitable diameter to be freely inserted through theopen end of the recess, and is of a thickness substantially equal to the width of the passageway 8 for :the cooling medium. The side faces 25 and 26 of the die are substantially fiat and located in parallel planes as best shown in Fig, 3. The peripheral edges of the side faces are bevelled, as at 21 and 28, to correspond with the taper of nv the seat 23 and with a tapered seat 29 formed in lthe die retainer.

The peripheral face of the die, located between the bevelled seating faces thereof, is provided with a plurality of spaced,

circumferential grooves forming fins 3| thereas later described.

Formed in the die is a concentric tapered bore 32, having its smaller end located at the side adjacent the opening 2|, and which is arranged to wedgingly mount'a nib 33 therein. The nib 33 is formed of a relatively hard and wear resisting material, such as tungsten carbide, and has a central bore 34 tapering from a large diameter at the larger end of the insert toward a constricted throat 35 at substantially the center thereof, the size of which governs the ultimate size and shape of a wir'e that is drawn through the die, as later described. From the throat 35, the bore again flares outwardly to communicate with an annular counterbore 36 that is formedin the smaller end of the nib. 'Ihe nib is'pressed within the tapered bore of the die and is preferably fused with the metal comprising the body of the die so that after the assembly is complete, the nib is in effect an integral part of the body.

1 In this form of the invention, the die retainer 4 comprises a cylindrical plug 31 having external threads 38 for engaging the threads 24. 'I'he inner face .of the plug has an annular recess 39 encircled by the tapered seat 29, seating the bevelled inner periphery of the die as clearly shown in Fig. 3, the tapers being such that when the plug is threaded into the recess and drawn into contact with the die, the contacting surfaces of the die, the holder and the insert will form uidtight joints to prevent leakage of the cooling medium. y,

Formed in the outer side of the retainer is an internally threaded recess 40 to mount a guide insert 4I. face 42 of the plug to provide an annular shoulder 43 about a central opening 44 aligning with the axis of the opening in the nib. The wire guide insert 4I includes an externally threaded head 45 terminating at its inner end in a reduced cylindrical neck that is snugly received within the opening 44 and which provides an annular shoulder 46 that seats against the annular shoulder 43.

Formed in the axis of the wire guide insert is a wire guide opening 41 tapering from the outer end thereof toward an opening 48 at the opposite end which is of suitable diameter to pass the wire admitted to the die, as later described. To facilitatev application and removal of the insert, the inner periphery thereof surrounding the larger end of the tapered guide opening is notched as at 49 and 50 to accommodate a suitable spanner wrench (not shown).

When a wire to be drawn is passed through the die, it is first passed through a body of lubricant to coat the surface thereof prior to its passage through the draw opening in the die. This lubri` cant is applied in excess to that necessary in drawing the wire, and consequently the `excess lubricant collects in the space 5I between the face 25 of the die and the face 42 ofthe recess, and

' unless relief is provided, the hydraulic pressure of the entrapped lubricant becomes so -great as to cause bursting of the die holder. To overcome this difficulty, thev retainer is provided with a circular series of channels or ports 52 extending from the space 5I to the outer face of the retainer, as shown in Fig. 2. Thus the lubricant drawn with the wire into the space 5I may return to the outer side of the die through the ports so that excessive pressure cannot be built up in the die holder. This is an important feature in the present invention because it permits construction of the die holder, as well as the retainer, of nonferrous materials, which have a relatively high conductivity in order to eiect ready and uniform heat transfer throughout the entire die structure. Relief of the excess lubricant also enables direct contact of the cooling medium with the external surface of the die since the bevelled seating surface between the die, the holder and retainer are adequate to maintain an effective seal between the space 5I and the passageway for the cooling medium.

To prevent loosening of the retainer, the boss I6 extends upwardly to adjacent the outer side of the body portion of the holder and is provided with an internally threaded opening 53 extend- ,ing radially in the direction ofthe recess 8. In 'serted in the opening is a locking member formed of relatively soft material, such as copper, that is urged into engagement with the threads of the plug by a set screw 54, the set screw preferably having a hollow head 55 adapted tovreceive a suitable wrench (not shown), by which it may be readily adjusted whenever it becomes necessaryto remove the retainer.

y In assembling the die apparatus constructed as described, the die is insertedthrough the threaded recess 1 so that the bevelled periphery thereof seats in the bevelled seat 23. The retainer is then threaded into the outer end of the recess until The recess 40 terminates short of the 2,188,470 the bevelled seat 29 on the inner end thereof wedgingly engages the inner bevelled periphery 21 of the die to effect a tight seal between the die holder, the die and the retainer, and therefore form a closed annular passageway for the cooling medium. The copper plug 58 is then inserted in the threaded bore 53 to be backed by the set screw 54 for locking the retainer in wedging relation with the die. The inlet pipe |9 is then connected to a suitable source of cooling medium supply so that a cooling medium is circulated from the pipe I9 through the channel I3, port i0 and around the annular passageway 8 to directly contact the outer cooling surface of the die, which absorbs and carries away the heat generated incidental to drawing a wire. The cooling medium, after absorbing the heat, is discharged through the port Il, channel I4 and carried oi through the pipe 20.

In using a die constructed and assembled as described, the wire is passed through a suitable lubricant, through the guide opening in the retainer and through the nib of the die. Excess lubricant is scraped from the wire into the space 5| from where it may flow through the ports 52, back into the receptacle originally containing the lubricant.

In the form of the invention illustrated in Figs. 6 to 10 inclusive, the die holder includes a cylindrical body portion 51 provided with a substantially horseshoe-shaped passage 58 encircling an linternally threaded socket 59 in which the die 88 is inserted. The opposite inner sides of'the passageway 58 connect with the internal threaded socket through openings 8| and 62 so that the cooling medium circulated therethrough directly contacts the sides of the die. The inlet and outlet ends 63 and 84 of the passageway 'are divided by a transverse partition 65, which cooperates with a post 66 at the opposite side to threadedly engage the threads on the die. It is thus apparentthat while the threads do not extend across the openings 8| and 82, the threads formed on the partition and post portions permit ready threading of the die into the holder.

The die in this form of the invention includes a. cylindrical body having external threads 61 engaging the internal threads of the socket Yand has a flattened end face 68 engaging against an internal seat 69 formed at the bottom of the socket in encircling relation with an opening 10. The die is locked in vposition in the holder by a retainer 1I that is threaded into an enlarged internally threaded bore 12 formed in the cylindrical body. The retainer is of suitable size to engage the threads of the enlarged portion of, the socket and has a depending annular rib i 13 adapted to engage against the inner face of the die. In this instance the dieV is recessed, as indicated at 14, to provide space for the excess lubricant. Relief for the lubricant is had through a series of ports 15 arranged circumferentially about the axis of the retainer, as well as through a series of ports 16 arranged in circular series about the nib of the die. Otherwise the construction is substantially equivalent to that shown in the preferred form of the invention.

In the form of the invention shown in Figs. 11 to 15 inclusive, the die holder conforms ysubstantially to that shownin the preferred form of the invention, however, the die and its retainer are of diierent construction. In this form the seal between the die and retainer is effected by a compressible gasket ring 11 that has its ends 18 and 19 engaged in recesses 88 and 8| formed in the adjacent inner faces of the die and retainer respectively. t

In this form of the invention, the inner side of the die is engaged in a recess 82 that is formed in the lower face of the retainer, as best shown in Fig. 11. In order to enhance the sealing engagement of the gasket ring the sealing grooves and 8| are of substantially V-shaped crosssection to correspond with a similar'shaped cross'.- section of the ring for providing a wedging effect to maintain a positive seal when-the retainer yis threaded into the die holder. if f In the form of the invention shown in Figs'l 16 and 19 inclusive, the die retainer is formed as an upper section 83 of the die holder. The lower section 84 of the die holder includes-a base plate 85 and an integral substantially cylindrical body 86 having a recess 81 therein to pro-vide a' chamber for seating the die 88 and providing an annular passageway 89. The outer bevelled edge 99 of the -die engages in a bevelled seat 9| encircling an opening 92 in the plate 85, substantially the same as that part of the invention illustrated in Figs. 1 to 5 inclusive.

The inner periphery of the body portion of the holder section is provided with `a bevelled face 93 cooperating with the bevelled periphery 94 of the die to seat a substantially triangular shaped gasket ring 95 having a groove98 engaged by an annular rib 91 on the upper section of the holder. The outer face of the upper section is substantially cone-shaped and has a radially ex# tending rim portion 98 provided with bosses 99 at the corners thereof to cooperate with similar bosses |08 on the .lower section in receiving cap screws IUI whereby the sections are drawn together to effect seating of the die and wedgin'g of the gasket ring against the faces 93-,and 94 thereby -sealing the space between the passageway 81 and the die. The cap screws are preferably provided with hollow heads |02 to* be enf gaged by a suitable wrench (not shown). 'The' die in this form of the invention is provided with annular groves |03 forming annular fins |84 similar to the corresponding construction illustrated in Figs. 3 and 11.

From the foregoing it is obvious that I have provided a die and die holder construction whereinthe cooling medium directly contacts 'the die to carry off the heat generated incidental lto drawing of the wire and by providing the relief passageways for the lubricant accumulating between the die retainer and the die, I am enabled to construct the die holder, as well as the retainer, of non-ferrous materials, such as aluminum bronze. Such materials have su'icient ten? sile strength to withstand normal strains on the die, and they have suicient conductivity so that they are readily responsive to the cooling effects of the cooling medium. 3

Attention is also directed to the fact that the contacting surfaces between the die, the die holder and retainer are of such character that they may be brought into intimate engagement with each other, thereby aifording better transmission of heat from one member to the other so that all of the die parts may be maintained at substantially the same temperature as governed by the temperature of the cooling medium.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is: A

1. In combination a die having bevelled peripheral Aedges at opposite end faces of the die, a die holder for the die having a passageway for,

' Vcluding a die holder having a recess to mount a circulating a cooling medium about the die and having a bevelled seat for one of said bevelled edges of the die, and a retainer vcarried by the die holder and having ay bevelled seat for engaging the other bevelled edge of said die.

2. In combination a die having bevelled peripheral edges at the ends thereof, a die holder for the die having a passageway for circulating a cooling medium about the die and having a bevelled seat for one of said bevelled edges of the die, a retainer carried by the die holder, and a gasket ring inserted between the other beveled edge of the die and the retainer for sealing the passageway at the die.

3. In combination a die having bevelled peripheral edges, forming seat engaging faces, a die holder for the die having a passageway for circulating a cooling medium about the die and having a bevelled seat for one of said bevelled seat engaging faces of the die, a retainer carried by the die holder and having a bevelled seat for engaging the other bevelled seat engaging face of said die, and a iin on the die intermediate said seat engaging faces and exposed to the cooling medium circulated through said passageway.

4. In combination a die holder having a recess for seating a die and having a passageway for a cooling medium, a die in said recess, radiating ilns on the die in contact with the cooling medl- -um circulating through said passageway, a

wedge-shaped gasket ring engaging the die holder f at the periphery of said recess and the die, and a retainer xed to the holder to wedge the ring in seating contact with the die and holder.

5. An apparatus of the character described indie and having a passage extending aroundsaid recess for circulating a cooling medium, a die having threaded engagement with Walls of said recess on oppositesides of the passage, a side wall of the passage being formed by the die whereby the cooling medium circulated through said passage directly contacts the die, and a retainer threaded into the recess for retaining the die in the holder, said retainer and die being of diierential diameters.

6. A die mounting including an annular holder provided with an interiorly screw-threaded recess and an annularr die-retaining plug exteriorly screw-threaded and adapted to be removably applied to'said recess, the die-retaining plug being countersunk on its inner face and being provided with a permanently open lubricant-escape perforation extending from the countersink through the plug at a point adjacent the periphery thereof.,

7. An apparatus of the character described including a die holder, a die member seated in the die holder, and an annular die retaining member connected with the holder for anchoring the die, said members being arranged to provide a recess between the die and die retaining members, said die retaining member having a permanently open lubricant escape perforation extending from said recess to the exterior side of said retaining member whereby excess lubricant drawn through the retaining member is relieved 'from said recess through said perforation.

8. An apparatus of the character described including a die holding member, a die seated in said holding member, anda die retaining member connected with the die holding member for anchoring the die, said die retaining member having an entrance to said die and a recess in its inner face, one of said members having a relief passageway extending from said recess to atmosphere whereby excess lubricant drawn though said entrance into said recess is relieved through said relief passageway.

9. A die mounting including an annular holder provided with an interiorly threaded recess and an annular passageway for circulation of a cooling medium, a die in said recess having its ends sealed with respect to the holder on the opposite side of said annular passageway, an annular dieV retaining plug exteriorly threaded and adapted to be removably applied in said recess, said die and die retaining plug being arranged to form a space therebetween, said die retaining plug having an entrance to said die, and a relief passageway .connected with said space at a point between said entrance and the adjacent sealed end of the die for relief of excess lubricantfdrawn through the entrance whereby the excess lubri- 1 cant is prevented from being forced through said sealed end of the die into the annular passageway and between the threaded connection of the die retaining plug and said holder.

FRED H. G'. BRANDT.

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