US2188076A

US2188076A - Extrusion press

Info

Publication number: US2188076A
Application number: US230543A
Authority: US
Inventors: Richard W Dinzl
Original assignee: WATSON STILLMAN CO
Current assignee: WATSON STILLMAN CO; WATSON-STILLMAN Co
Priority date: 1938-09-19
Filing date: 1938-09-19
Publication date: 1940-01-23
Anticipated expiration: 1957-01-23

Description

lmzs, 1940. Rwnmzl. 2,188,076

ExTRUsIoN 'PRESS Filed Sept. 19, 1938 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 I WT Z wmf' Jan.v 23, 1940. R. w. DlNzL ExTRusIoN PRESS Filed sept. 19, 1958 3 sheets-sheet 2 if?, l ATTORNEY ABY Jan. 23, 1940. R. w. DlNzg. 2,188,076

ExTRUsIoN PRESS Filed Sept. 19. 1938 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 .INVENTW L 23M i a7' I BY/Mmi ATTORNEY Patented Jan. 23, 19,40

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE EXTRUSION PRESS Richard W. Dinzl, Westeld, N. J., assigner to The Watson-Stillman Co., Roselle, N. J., a corporation of New Jersey This invention relates more particularly to improvements in extrusion presses of a type designed to perform an extrusion operation upon a metal charge in the form of a billet.

Important objects of the invention are, to provide such a press designed for improved operation; to provide a billet container of improved design and with an improved mounting to facilitate installation and removal of -the container and enable accurate adjustment of the container for the extrusion operation; to provide improved means for charging the container; to provide for shifting of the extrusion plunger transversely in order to afford clearance for charging the container; and to provide an automatic safeguard against operation of the plunger at an improper time.

Other objects of the invention will appearv hereinafter.

In the drawings,

Fig. 1 is a sectional side elevation of the improved press;

Fig., 2 is an enlarged horizontal section of the line 2--2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged vertical detail section on the line 3--3 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a further enlarged vertical section on the line 4-4 of Fig. l;

Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 4 but looking in the opposite direction from line 4--'4; v

Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic view, partly in section, showing the mechanism responsive to shifting of the die-locking blocks to prevent operation of the main control valve for plunger advance at an improper time;

Fig. '7 is an enlarged vertical section on the line 1 1 of Fig. 2, showing the completion of an extrusion operation;

Fig. 8 is an enlargedV detail section on the line 8-8 of Fig. 7; and

Fig. 9 is an outer face view of the means for adjusting one of the container-supporting rollers.

The press is of `a horizontal type designed, in the present instance, for extrusion of rods from metal'billets: It is, however, adaptable for other forms of extrusion such as tube extrusion, for example. The press includes horizontally spaced press frame heads'l and 2 mounted upon a floor or other support and rigidly connected by strain `rocls 3. A horizontal hydraulic cylinder 4 is formed with the head 2 and contains a ram 5. Head I bears the extrusion die means and the ram 5 bears, at its forward end, an extrusion extrusion charge and also receive the plunger 6 when the latter is advanced by the ram for the extrusion operation. For retraction of the ram and plunger there is a pull-back m'echanism including two hydraulic cylinders 8 affixed to the head 2, at opposite sides of the cylinder 4. Plungers 9 are iitted to reciprocate in the cylinders 8 and have their rear ends anchored to a crosshead I0. A tubular member II is anchored, at its opposite ends to the vcenter of the crosshead and to the ram 5 and is reciprocable through a stufdng box at the rear end of the cylinder 4. There are rods I2 arranged parallel to the plungers 9 and anchored at their forward ends to thecylinder 4. bores I3 in. the crossllead and have stops I4 at their rear ends for engagement by the crosshead to limit retraction of the ram.

The die means includes a cylindrical die holder I5 having a central bore I6 counter-bored at one end to form a seat for the die I1.'` The die holder is removably tted in a bore I8 formed partly in the press frame head I and partly in a cage member i9 secured to the rear face of said head. Within said bore the die holder is supported with the die in register with a chargereceiving bore 20 in the container 1. For locking the die holder in place there is -a pair of opposedlocking blocks 2l. These are supported by the head I and the cage I 9 for transverse sliding said rods extend through 116.

into and out of operative position. They are received within a peripheral channel 22 in the holder and have opposed semi-cylindrical recesses 23 to receive a neck portionr24 o f the holder. The rear faces of the blocks abut walls 25 borne by the head I, and the blocks form abutments for the holder to positively resist extrusion thrust upon the die. Pneumatic mechanism is provided for. projecting the blocks into locking position and retracting them. Said mechanism includes two air cylinders 26 amxed to opposite sides of the press frame head I and containing pistons 21 with stems 28 connected to the blocks. Air piping is connected to the opposite ends of the air cylinders. Through the operation of valve means, not shown, air pressure in the lcylinders 26 is controlled to shift the pistons 21 inward in unison to apply the locking blocks and to shift the pistons outward in unison to withdraw the blocks from thel die holder and permit withdrawal of the latter through the outer end of the bore I8.`

As shown in Fig. '7, at the completion of an extrusion operation a stub S of the extrusion charge remains 'attached to the diev I1. For reward from the bore I8 to a position in which the stub is located directly beneath a vertically reciprocable block 29 known as a stub shear and said block is driven downward to knock off the stub. A guide trough 30 for the extruded product, or rod, is anchored as at 3| to the forward end of the die holder and in alnement with the bore I6 of the holder. Said trough is mounted for sliding longitudinally upon a narrow, elongated table 32 extending forward from the press frame head I. Pnuematic mechanism is provided for reciprocating the trough and connected die holder. Aflixed to the under side of said table there is an air cylinder 33 containing a piston 34 with a rod 35. The latter is operatively connected to the trough, as at 36. Air piping leads to the opposite ends of cylinder 33. Through operation of valve means, not shown, piston 34 is reciprocated to withdraw and reinsert the die holder by shifting the trough 30. The stub shear 29 is hydraulically operated. It is borne by a ram 31 with a piston head 38 reciprocable in a hydraulic cylinder 39 afiixed to the press frame head I. By admission of hydraulic pressure to the upper side of said piston the block 29 is forced downward to knock 01T the stub, and by admission of hydraulic pressure to the under side of the piston the shear block is retracted. The table 32 bears a stop 40 to limit forward movement of the trough 30 to a position in which the stub is directly beneath the stub shear.

'I'he container unit 1 includes a cylindrical body 4I with a heating jacket 42 surrounding its periphery. Said body has a bore 43 containing a bushing 44. The latter has the chargereceiving bore 20. At its forward end bore 20 is flared slightly, and the die I1 is bevelled to fit in said flare. The unit is mounted for fore-andlaft shifting andy also for universal tilting adjustment to dispose its bore 28 in accurate alinement with the die and the extrusion plunger. It is also formed and mounted to facilitate its removal from the press assembly. At its opposite sides the unit is formed with ribs 45 whose under sides form a pair of flat tracks 46 parallel to the bore 2D. The strain rods 3 are in rectangular arrangement around the axis of the extrusion plunger, and the container unit is centrally located in the space between the strain rods. A bed 41 underlies the container unit and is clamped, as at 48, upon the lower pair of strain rods. Said bed bears four rollers 49 upon which the tracks 46 rest to support the container unit.

Each roller is mounted on the inner end of a shaft 50, and each shaft is mounted in a bearing 5I borne by the bed and located directly over the adjacent strain rod. Each of said shafts has, at its inner end, an eccentrically located journal 52 forA its roller. Each shaft also has a radial adjusting arm 53 keyed toits outer end and bearing a locking pin or screw 54. The latter is engageable in a selected one of a plurality of holes 55 in the adjacent side face of the bed and arranged in an arcuate row. Thereby a rotative adjustment of the shaft is retained.

By rotative adjustment of all of the shafts 50 the container unit may be raised or lowered bodily, and by adjustment of selected ones of the shafts the unit may be tiltably adjusted either transversely or longitudinally to dispose its bore 20 in accurate alinement with the die and with the extrusion plunger. Guide cleats 56 engage the ribs 45 to hold the unit upon the rollers, The

y 2,188,076. moval of the stub the' die holder is drawn forribs and the cleats are correspondingly beveled and the cleats are transversely adjustable upon the bed 41 to accommodate adjustments of the container unit. For adjustment of the cleats there are screws 51 threaded through upstanding lugs 58 on the bed and engaging the outer edges of the cleats. Clamping screws 59 extend downward through transverse slots 60 in the cleats and are screwed into the bed to releasably lock the cleats in position.

Pneumatic mechanism is provided for shifting the container unit back and forth upon its supporting rollers, for a purpose which will be explained hereinafter. Mounted upon the forward face of the press frame head I, below the bore I8, there is a horizontal air cylinder 6I containing a piston 62. The piston has a rod 63 extending rearwardly through a bore in the head I and operatively connected at/ its rear end to a slide 64. Guides 65 borne by the bed-41 support the slide for fore-and-aft shifting. The slide has a vertical bore 66 and the container unit has at its under side a pin or stud 61 projecting into said bore. Thereby. the piston 62 is operatively connected to the container unit. Air piping leads to the opposite ends of the cylinder 6I. Through operation of valve means, not shown, air pressure in the cylinder is controlled to shift the piston and container unit back and forth. 'I'here is sufficient clearance for the pin 61 within the bore 66 to permit of the aforesaid adjustments of the container unit and permit free withdrawal of the pin along with the container unit for removal of the latter from the assembly.

It is frequently necessary to remove the container unit from the press assembly. Usually that is a difcult operation because of the limited clearance between the strain rods. In 'some presses it necessitates taking the unit apart for removal. Provision is made in the present press for easy removal of the unit. For that purpose the unit is mounted for easy and quick release at its mounting and the unit is formed so that its maximum transverse dimension is less than the space between the upper pair of strain rods. In preparation for removal of the unit it is required only to release the cleats 56 and withdraw them from the ribs 45. Then the unit may be lifted out bodily between the upper strain rods by hoisting means, not shown, attached to loops 68 at the upper side of the casing. Replacement of the unit will obviously be a simple operation also.

Provision is made for charging the bore 20 of the container while the latter is in normal, operative position and without operation of the hydraulic mechanism for reciprocating the extrusion plunger 6. For that purpose the said plunger is mounted for shifting transversely to a position out of alinement with the bore 2D and there is provided a charging plunger 69 pneumatically operable when plunger 6 is in that displaced position to force a chargelnto the bore. Mounted upon the forward end of the ram 5 for reciprocation with it there is a rocker member 10 which bears the plunger 6. This rocker member is mounted to swing transversely on a shaft 1I, affixed to the ram, parallel to the ram axis and spaced to one side. The rocker bears a bushing 12 in which the rear end portion ofthe plunger is fitted. At its rear end said bushing has a countersunkseat for a flange or head 13 upon the rear end of the plunger. A block 14, fitted in a countersunk seat at the forward end of the ram, forms a back abutment for said plunger head. The rocker has a forked arm 15 extending outward beyond the shaft 1| and bearing a shaft 16 on which there is a roller 11. At the opposite side of the plunger the rocker has an arcuate ange 18. A guide bracket 19 is mounted upon the forward end of the ram and forms a channel slidably receiving the iiange 18.

There is pneumatic means for operating the rocker 10. Across beam 80 is clamped to the upper pair of strain rods. An air cylinder 0| is mounted upon said beam in an oblique position and contains a piston 82. The piston has a rod 83 extending downwardly and outwardly and bearing a head 84 at its lowerend for engagement with the roller 11. The cylinder bears a tubular guide 85 for the piston rod. Piping leads to opposite ends of the cylinder. Through operation of valve means not shown fluid pressure in the cylinder is controlled to reciprocate the piston and head 84. By advance of said head the rocker and the extrusion plunger are swung to the position indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 4. There the dotted plunger 6 is in a positionfout of alinement with the container bore and the charging plunger 69 so that the latter may be advanced tov force a charge into the bore. Upon retraction of head 84 the rocker and plunger gravitate to normal position. The plunger is held by the rocker for parallelmovement into and out of its operativeposition. The cylinder.8| is mournLrvi in a fixed position so that the roller 11 is beneath the plunger head 84 only when the ram is fully retracted. 'Ihe plunger 6 is accurately supported in operative position by engagement of the lower edge of the flange 18 with a stop shoulder on the guide bracket 19. g

Charging plunger69 extends through the ram 5, along the axis of the ram, and is slidably fitted within the tubular member and within a bore -in the block 14 at the forward ends of the ram.. At its rear end the plunger bears a piston 06 fitte to reciprocate within an air cylinder 81. Said cylinder and the crosshead I0 are both xed trv n. base 88 mounted to slide upon a narrow, elongated table 89, so that the said base and cylinder reciprocate with the ram 5 and the crosshead. Air piping leads to opposite ends of cylinder 81. Through operation of valve means, not shown, air pressure is controlled in the cylinder for aflvancing and retracting the plunger 69. Nnrmellv said plunger is disposed back of the extrusion plunger 6. When the latter is swung out nf be way plunger 69 may be advanced to force a charge into the container.

A charge carrier is provided to receive a billet and dispose it in alinement with the bore 20 of the container, for insertion by the plunger 69.

' The container comprlsesan arcuate, trough-like member 90. A pair of radial arms 9| have/their lower ends pivotally connected, as at 92, to the bed 41 and their upper ends rigidly connected to the carrier. Thereby the carrier is supported for rocking transversely from a charge-receiving position, shown by full lines in Fig. 4, to a charge delivery position indicated by dotted lines in said view. 'Ihe carrier-supporting arms 9| include a turnbuckle structure 93 for adjusting their length, for support of the carrier in position to dispose the billet in accurate alinement with the bore 20. 'I'his adjustment accommodates the carrier to variations in the diameter of-bore 20..

For that purpose also, the carrier is formed to receive a billet of maximum size, if required. A smaller billet will center itself in the curved carrier to aline with the bore 20. The carrier is rocked between its charge-receiving and charge delivery positions by pneumatic means. An air cylinder 94 is pivotally supported, as at 95, upon a pedestal 96 to rock about a transverse axis parallel to the axis about' which the carrier rocks. A piston 91 reciprocable in said cylinder has a rod pivotally connected at 98 to a connecting structure between the arms 9| and the carrier. Air piping leads to opposite ends of the cylinder. Through operation of valve means, not shown. air pressure in the cylinder is controlled to reciprocate the piston and rock the carrier.- In its delivery position the carrier is directly at the entrance of the bore 20. The carrier is disposable at that position after the extrusion yplunger has been rocked out of the way to aiford clearance.

Reciprocation of the ram 5 and plunger 6 is controlled by a hydraulic valve device 99. This device is manually operable through a lever |00. The latter is operatively connected to a rockable element |0|, which in turn operates the valves of the device to controlow to and from the press cylinder 4 and to and from the pull-back cylinders 8. A pipe |02 leads from the valve device to the cylinder 4, and piping |03 leads from the valve device `to the pull-back cylinders. 'I'he valve device isI of a conventional form and ft is thought to be unnecessary to illustrate and describe it in detail.

In order to prevent damage to certain parts l of the press it is important to prevent advance of the extrusion plunger under hydraulic pressure except when the die-locking blocks 2| are either projected fully to locking position or fully retracted to release position. There is here provided an automatic safeguard against plunger advance at an improper time. For plunger advance the valve lever |00 and the rocker |0| Vare rocked to the right, with reference to Fig. 6.

A locking block |04 is slidably mounted upon the base |05 of the valve device and is shiftable between a locking position beneath the rocker |0| and a release position away from the rocker.4 When it is beneath the rocker it blocks operation of the rocker for plunger advance. Pneumatic mechanism is provided for operating the locking block |04, and said mechanism is controlled through the die-locking blocks 2|.

Each block 2| has, rigid therewith, a laterally extending arm |06 formed with a cam |01 at its under side. Beneath each of said arms there is an air valve |08- mounted in a fixed position. Each valve comprises a casing forming two chambers |09 and ||0 and an upwardly seatingvalve element controlling communication between said chambers. Said valve element has an upwardly projecting steml ||2 bearing a roller I I3.

engageable by the adjacent cam |01. A spring ||4 in the chamber |09 constantly urges the valve element to closed holds the roller in the path of said cam. Piping IIB leads from a compressed air source, not shown, to the valve chambers |09. Piping ||6 leads froml the valve chambers ||0 to amain airv `valve device ||1. elongated, cylindrical casing I|8 containing a multiple-head piston valve H9. responsive to operation of the valve |00 and controls operation of the locking blccklM. Said block has an operating rod |20 bearing a piston |2| reclprocable within an air cylinder |22. A pipe |23 Alleads from thevalve device ||1 to the outer end of cylinder |22, and a pipe |24 leads to the innerend of the cylinder. A pipe |25 The latter comprises an This valve is position andV normally leads from a compressed air source, not shown,

to the valve device |1. A spring |26 normally holds the valve ||9 in a position to admit air from pipe |25, through ports |21 and |28 to pipe |24, and to vent pipe |23 to atmosphere through ports |29 and |30. Thereby air pressure delivered by the pipe |24 to the inner end of cylinder |22 actsupon piston |2| to hold the locking block |04 in release position, as shown by full lines in- Fig. 6.

In Fig. 6 the die-locking blocks 2| are shown fully retracted to release position. In that position the valve rollers ||3 are at the inner ends of theams |01 and the springs ||4 hold the valves in closed position. As soon as movement of the blocks toward each other to locking position is commenced the cams operate upon the rollers to force the valves to open po. sition against the resistance of their springs H4. Thereby air is admitted from the supply piping ||5 to the delivery piping H6. 'I'he latter delivers to the opposite end of the valve ||9 from that engaged by spring |26, and the delivered air forces valve ||9 to the dotted line position, against the spring resistance. In that position of the valve air is exhausted from the inner end of cylinder |22 through pipe |24 and ports |28 and |3I. Simultaneously, compressed air is admitted to the outer end of cylinder |22 through supply pipe |25, ports |21 and |29 and pipe |23., Thereby the piston |2| is shifted to move the locking block |04 to locking position beneath the valverocker as indicated by dotted lines.

The cams |01 are of sufiicient length to hold the valves open until the die-locking blocks 2| are brought together in full locking position. The cams are then off the rollers |3 so that the springs ||4 close the valves to cut-off communication between air supply piping ||5 and delivery piping ||6. The latter has a restricted exhaust at |32 through which air pressure in the piping bleeds so that the spring |26 can force the valve ||9 back to normal position. Valve ||9 there reestablishes the air connections previously described for shifting locking block |04 to release position and holding it there. When the dielocking blocks 2| are shifted away from each other to release position the cams |01 immediately open the valves and hold them open until blocks 2| reach full release position. That has the same effect upon the valve-locking block |04 as the closing of the die-locking blocks. Block |04 is forced to locking position and held. there until the blocks 2| are fully retracted, whereupon block |04 is retracted to release position. Therefore there can be no operation of the valve lever |00 to cause advanceof the extrusion plunger when the die-locking blocks are in any position intermediate full locking position and full release position. r

In the operation of the press the container may be heated, if required, by placing a burner at the inlet of the jacket 42. Said inlet is located at the under side of the jacket. Starting with the parts of the press in the positions shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the extrusion plunger 6 is swung out of alinement with the container bore 20 and the charging plunger 69 by operation of the piston 82. A heatedbillet B is placed in the carrier 90 together with a dummy block D back of the billet. By operation of the air piston 91 the carrier is then swung to delivery position, disposing the billet and dummy block in alinement with the bore 20. ,y

The charging plunger 69 is next advanced, by operation of the air piston 86, to force the bildet and dummy block from the carrier and into bo e.

20. The charging plunger is then retracted by operation of the piston 86, the charge carrier 90 is swung aside to charge-receiving position by operation of piston 91, and plunger 6 is permitted to swing back to operative position by retraction of the piston 82 and plunger head 84.

Having thus charged the container and restored the carrier 90 and plungers 69 and 6 to normal position, the handle |00 of the hydraulic.A

valve device 99 is rocked to cause advance of ram 5 and plunger 6 by hydraulic pressure in cylinder 4. At its forward end the ram bears a roller |33 to run upon a grooved track |34 borne by the bed 41,. to steady the ram in its movement. The advancing extrusion plunger enters the bore 20, engages the dummy block and forces the latter along the bore to extrude the charge through the die |1, in the form of a. rod R which is guided by the trough 30 as it emerges from the bore of the die holder. At the completion of the extrusion operation the die-locmng blocks 2| are retracted to release position by operation of the air pistons 21. Then the trough 30 and connected die-holder I5 are moved forwardly by operation of air piston 34 until the trough engages the stop 40. The die is then in a position to dispose the stub S of the extrusion charge directly beneath the stub shear 29, as indicated in Fig. 8 by dotted lines. The stub shear is forced downward, by operation of its piston 38, to knock off the stub, and is then retracted.

After each extrusion operation it is necessary to remove the dummy block and employ another block for the next .extrusion operation. That is to prevent overheating and distortion of the block. After a block has been allowed to cool it may be used again. For ejection of the dummy block the container unit 1 is shifted rearward upon its supporting rollers 49 to the position indicated by dotted lines in Fig. '1. This shift of the unit is effected by operation of the air piston 62. As the unit is so shifted the extrusion plunger 6 forces the block out of the bore 20 and it drops through the space between the container unit and the cage member |9.

The plunger 6 is next retracted, the container unit 1 and die holder-24 are restored to their operative positions by operation of their respective air pistons 21 and 62, and the die-locking blocks 2| are projected to locking position by operation of their air lpistons 21. Thereby the press is prepared for another extrusion operation.

What I claim is:

1. An extrusion `press. comprising opposed spaced press frame heads, transversely spaced strain rods connecting said heads, extrusion die means, abutment means associated with one of said heads and shiftablebetweenian operative position to resist extrusion thrust 'upon said die means and an inoperative position free from the die means, a uid pressure cylinder rigid with the other head, a ram reciprocable in said cylinder, a container unity between said heads, associated with said die means and having abore to receive an extrusion charge, an extrusion plunger connected to said ram for advance thereby into said bore and retractible therefrom, means operable to control reciprocation of the ram and plunger, means to prevent operation of said control means for advance of the ram and plunger when the said abutment means is intermediate its said positions, means supporting the plunger for shifting, when reti-acted, out of alinement with the container bore, and means for adjusting the container unit relatively to the die means and plunger to position its bore accurately for an extrusion operation, the container being formed and mounted for removal bodily from the press assembly through the space between a pair of said strain rods.

2. An extrusion press comprising opposed spaced press frame heads, transversely spaced strain rods connecting said heads, extrusion die means, abutment means associated with Aone of said heads and shiftable between an operative Y position to resist extrusion thrust upon said die means and an inoperative position free from the die means, a fluid pressure cylinder rigid with-the other head, a ram reciprocable in said cylinder, a container unit between said heads, associated with said die means and having a bore to receive an extrusion charge, an extrusion plunger connected to said ram for advance thereby into said bore and retractible therefrom, means operable Ato control reciprocation of the ram and plunger, means to prevent operation of said control ymeans for advance of the ram and plunger when the said abutment means is intermediate its said positions, and means supporting the plunger for shifting, when retracted, out of alinement with the container bore, the container beingformed and mounted for removal bodily from the press assembly through the space between a pair of said strain rods.

3. An extrusion press comprising horizontally opposed spaced press frame heads, transversely spaced horizontal strain rods connecting said heads, extrusion die means, abutment means associated with one of said heads and shiftable between an operative position to resist extrusion thrust upon said die means and an inoperative position free from the die means,4 a horizontal uid pressure cylinder rigid with the other head,

a ram reciprocable in said cylinder, a container unit between said heads, associated with said die means and having a bore to receive an extrusion charge, an extrusion plunger connected to said ram for advance thereby into said bore and retractible therefrom, means operable to control reciprocation of the ram and plunger, means to prevent operation of said control means for advance of the ram and plunger when the saidabutment means is intermediate its said positions, and means supporting the plunger for fluid pressure in said cylinder, a container unitbetween said heads and having a bore to' receive an extrusion charge and to receive said plunger, a pair of said strain rods being arranged around the upper side of the container unit, said unit having transversely spaced tracks facing downward and parallel to the strain rods, two foreand-aft pairs of rollers engaging said tracks to support the unit Afor fore-and-aft shifting, individual shafts bearing said rollers and having eccentric ;lournals for the rollers, means supporting said` shafts for individual rotative adjustment to raise and lower the rollers for adjustment-of the unit to position its bore accurately for an extrusion operation, and guides to releasably hold the unit I IDOn said rollers and adthrough the spacebetween said pair of strain rods.

5. Anv extrusion press comprising horizontally opposed spaced press frame heads, transversely spaced horizontal strain rods connecting said heads, a uid pressure cylinder rigid with one of said heads, an extrusion plunger operable by iiuid pressure in said cylinder, a container u nit between said heads and having a bore to receive an extrusion charge yand to receive said plunger, a pair of said strain rods being arranged around tne upper side of the container unit, said unit having transversely spaced tracks facing downward and parallel to the strain rods, two foreand-aft pairs of rollers engaging said tracks to support the unit for fore-and-aft shifting, individual shafts bearing said rollers and having eccentricjournals for the rollers, and means supporting said shafts for individualA rotative adjustment to raise and lower the rollers for adjustment of the unit to position its bore accurately for an extrusion operation, the unit being formed for upward removal bodily through the space between said pair of strain rods.

6. An extrusion press comprising an extrusion charge container and extrusion plunger mounted for relative advance for an extrusion operation and retraction to iree the plunger from the container, means supporting said plunger for shifting out of alinement with the container when free thereirom, to provide clearance for insertion of a charge into the container, and a charge carrier mounted for shifting between a. chargereceiving position and a charge-delivery position, said carrier being shiftable to the latter position to dispose a charge in alinement with the container for insertion when the extrusion plunger is shifted out of alinement with the container, and means operable when the extrusion plunger is out of alinement with the container and said carrier is in its delivery position to force a charge from the carrier and into the container.

7. An extrusion press comprising an extrusion charge container and an extrusion plunger mounted for relative advance for an extrusion operation and retraction to free the plunger from the container, means supporting said plunger for shifting out of alinement with the container when free therefrom, to provide clearance for insertion of a charge into the container, and a charge carrier mounted for shifting between a charge-receiving position and a charge-delivery position, said carrier being shiftable to the latter position to dispose a charge in alinement with the container for insertion when the extrusion plunger is shifted out of alinement with the container.

8. An extrusion press comprising an extrusion charge container and 'an extrusion plunger mounted for relative advance for an extrusion operation and retraction to free the plunger from the container, a charging plunger mounted' in alinement with the container and normally .back

of the extrusion plunger, means supporting the extrusion plunger for shifting, when free from the container, out of alinement with the container and the charging plunger, and a charge carrier shiftable between a charge-receiving position and a charge-delivery position', said car. rier being shiftable to the latter position to dispose la. charge in alinement with the container and the charging plunger being then operable to advance it to force the charge from the carrier and into the container.

9. An extrusion press comprising an extrusion charge container and an extrusion plunger mounted for relative advance foran extrusion operation and retraction to free the plunger from the container, a charge-inserting plunger mounted in alinement While the container and normally back of the extrusion plunger, and means supporting the extrusion plunger for shifting, when free from the container, out of alinement with the container to provide clearance for advance of the charge-inserting plunger to force a charge into the container.

10. An extrusion press comprising an extrusion charge `container and an extrusion plunger mounted for advance of the plunger into the container and retraction therefrom, a uid pressure operated ram for reciprocating the extrusion plunger, and means supporting said plunger on said ram for shift of the plunger thereon, when retracted, to a position out of alinernent with the container to provide clearance for inserting a charge into the container.

1l. An extrusion press comprising an extrusion charge container and an extrusion plunger mounted for advance of the plunger into the container and retraction therefrom, a uid pressure operated ram-for reciprocating the extrusion plunger, means supporting said plunger on said ram for shift of the plunger thereon, when retracted, to a position out of alinement with the container to provide clearance for inserting a charge into the container, and fluid pressure operated means for shifting the extrusion plunger out of alinement with the container.

12. An extrusion press comprising an extrusion charge container and an extrusion plunger mounted for advance of the plunger into the container and retraction therefrom, a fluid pressure operated ram for reciprocating the extrusion plunger, and means pivotally supporting the plunger for transverse parallel rocking, when retracted, to a, position out of alinement with the container to provide clearance for insertion of a charge into the container.

13. An extrusion press comprising an extrusion charge container and an extrusion plunger mounted for advance of the plunger into the container and retraction therefrom, a uid pressure operated ram for reciprocating said plunger,

means supporting the plunger for transverse parallel rocking, when retracted, to a position out of alinement with the container, fluid pressure operated means for rocking the extrusion plunger out of alinement with the container, a charging plunger in alinement with the container and normally back of the extrusion plunger and mounted to reciprocate axially through said ram,

fluid pressure operated means for operating said charging plunger, a charge carrier pivotally mounted for rocking between a charge-receivi-ng position and a charge-delivery position, said carrier being shiftable to the latter position when the retracted extrusion plunger is out of alinement with the container, todispose Aa charge in alinement with the container for .insertion into the container by advance of'the charging plunger,

and iiuid pressure operated means for rocking the charge carrier.

14. An extrusion press comprising an extrusion charge container `and an extrusion plunger mounted for relative advance for an extrusion operation and retraction to free the plunger from the container, and means supporting said plunger for 'shifting outof alinement with the container when free therefrom, to provide clearance for insertion of a. charge into the container.

15. An extrusion press comprising extrusion die means and an extrusion plunger mounted for relative advance for extrusion and retraction for chargingfmeans operable to control said advance, abutment means shiftable between an operative position to resist extrusion thrust upon the die means and an inoperative position free from the die means, and means responsive to shift of said abutment means between its said positions to prevent operation of said control means for said advance when said abutment means is intermediate said positions.

16. An extrusion press comprising extrusion die means and an extrusion plunger mounted for relative advance for an extrusion operation and retraction for charging, means operable to control said advance, abutment means shiftable between an operative position to resist extrusion thrust upon the die means and an inoperative position free from the die means, and fluid pressure operable means responsive to shift ofV said abutment means between its said positions to prevent operation of said control means for said advance when said abutment means is intermediate said positions.

1'7. An extrusion press comprising extrusion die means and an extrusion plunger mounted for relative advance for an extrusion operation and retraction for charging, fluid pressure operable means for effecting said advance, valve means operable to control fluid pressure for said advance, abutment means shiftable between an operative position to resist extrusion thrust upon the die means and inoperative position free from the die means, a lock for said control valve means, and fluid pressure operable means responsive to shift of said abutment means between its said positions to operate said lock to prevent operation of the control valve means for said advance when the abutment `means is intermediate said positions.

18. An extrusion press comprising extrusion die means and an extrusion plunger mounted for relative advance for an extrusion operation and retraction for charging, means operable to control said advance, abutment means shiftable between an operative position to resist extrusion thrust upon the die means and an inoperative position to free the die means, and means to prevent operation of said control means for said advance when said abutment means is intermediate its said positions.

19. An extrusion press comprising a. pair of press frame heads in horizontally opposed spaced relation, spaced parallel horizontal strain rods connecting said press heads, a fluid pressure cylinder rigid with one of said heads, an extrusion plunger operable by uid pressure in said cylinder, and a container unit mounted between said heads and having a bore to receive an extrusion charge and to receive said plunger, the strain rods being arranged around said unit and the unit being formed and mounted for upward removal bodily from the press assembly throughthe space between a pair of the strain rods.

20. An extrusion press comprising an extrusion plunger, a. container having a bore to receive an extrusion charge and to receive said plunger .for

er, for the purpose set forth, and means for adjusting the container vertically and for tiltably l extrusion of the charge, means supporting said "container for shifting longitudinally of the plungadjusting it both transversely and longitudinally to position its bore accurately for an extrusion operation. y

21. 'In an extrusion press comprising an extrusion plunger, and a container having a bore to receive an extrusion charge and to receive said plunger for extrusion of -the charge, a charge carrier, means pivotally supporting the carrier for rocking transversely of said bore-between a charge-receiving position and a charge delivery position to dispose the charge in `alinernent with the bore for insertion into the latter; and means for adjusting said carrier-supporting means to dispose the charge in accurate alinement with the bore.-

22. In an extrusion press comprising an extrusion plungenand a container having a bore to receive an' extrusion charge and to receive said plunger for extrusion of the charge, a charge carrier, supporting arms for said carrier pivotal- 1y suppported at theirV ends remote from the carrier for rocking of the latter between a chargereceivng position and charge-delivery position to support the charge in alinemerit with the bore for insertion into the bore, and means for 1ongitudinally adjusting the length of said arms to position the carrier for accurate alinement of the charge with the bore.

23. In an extrusion press comprising an extrusion plunger, and a containerhaving al bore to receive an extrusion charge andfto receive said plunger for extrusion of the charge, a charge carrier, and means pivotally supporting the carrier for rocking transversely of said bore between a charge-receiving position'and a charge delivn4 ery position to dispose the` charge in alinement with the bore for insertion into the latter.

RICHARD W. DINZL.