US2185025A - Electric lamp - Google Patents
Electric lamp Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2185025A US2185025A US202312A US20231238A US2185025A US 2185025 A US2185025 A US 2185025A US 202312 A US202312 A US 202312A US 20231238 A US20231238 A US 20231238A US 2185025 A US2185025 A US 2185025A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- lamp
- bulb
- mercury
- filament
- new
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
- H01K1/00—Details
- H01K1/50—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified pressure thereof
Definitions
- Our invention relates to electric lamps generally and more particularly to incandescent'electric lamps containing a gaseous atmosphere.
- my invention relates to 5 electric incandescent lamps containing a vaporizable metal which is vaporized during operation of the lamp.
- Mercury vapor has some very important advantages as a medium in which a filament is made to glow. Because of its high molecular weight it has a particularly low thermal conductivity, so that the heat losses to the surroundings in which the lamp operates are relatively small. Likewise, because of its high molecular weight, mercury vapor counteracts or retards to a very great degree the evaporation of the material of which the filament is made. Consequently, the blackening of the glass lamp bulb is relatively slight even after a prolonged period of lamp operation.
- the high pressure employed in lamps of the previously mentioned type permits the use of a lamp bulb having a volume of exceedingly small dimensions.
- the high lamp pressures are obtained in such a way that a quantity of mercury present in the liquid state in the lamp bulb is vaporized by the heat radiated by the filament.
- one object of our invention is to provide a metallic vapor incan-' descent lamp in which the quantity of the vag5 porizable metal in the lamp bulb is such that the internal pressure within the lamp bulb is maintained within allowable limits, so as to thereby eliminate the danger of explosions.
- Another object of ourinvention is to provide a metallic vapor incandescent lamp in which the quantity of the vaporizable metal in the lamp bulb is such that, when the lamp is new and the bulb as yet unblackened, at least two-thirds of the said metal is'converted into the vapor state at the nominal operating voltage applicable to the lamp, 1. e., less than onethird of the mercury remains in liquid form.
- Still another object of our invention is to provide a metallic vapor incandescent lamp in which the quantity of the vaporizable metal inthe lamp bulb is such that, when the lamp is new and the bulb as yet unblackened, the metal will be completely evaporated at a temperature which is at least approximately 10 C. lessthan the ordinary temperature of the lamp at the coolest point.
- the lamp there shown comprises a tubular bulb or envelope I of vitreous material, a pair of current supply or ead wires 2,
- the bulb l is' preferably made of quartz or other hard glass in order to. withstand the high pressures and high temperatures to which the bulb is subjected during operation of the lamp.
- the bulb I is adapted to be evacuated and filled with a suitable gas or gaseous mixture through an exhaust tube sealed to the bulb wall, which tube, after exhaustion and filling of the bulb, is fused off to form the exhaust tube tip 5.
- the lamp bulb contains a filling of a fixed gas
- the lamp bulb contains a small but accurately measured quantity of vaporizable metal 6, preferably mercury. This quantity of mercury 6 is such that, when the lamp is new and the bulb as ,yet unblackened, at least two-thirds thereof will be vaporized by the heat radiated by the filament l during operation of the lamp at its nominal operating voltage.
- a lamp of the above type has a light intensity of approximately 2200 lumens. Measurements have shown that the 'eficiency of such a. lamp is about 22 lumens per watt.
- the filament 4 When a lamp according to our invention is not 1 in operation and is cold, the filament 4 is located in a medium consisting of. a rare gas and/or an inert gas, the preferred medium consisting of a starting curre'nt gradually.
- the quantity of mercury 6 is then gradually vaporized by the heat radiated by the burning filament 4, so that the same changes into the vapor state and forms, together with the argon-nitrogen mixture in the lamp bulb, a medium which the filament bulb during the life of the lamp therefore eliminstant, a condition of equilibrium is reached in v the lamp at which a certain proportion of the power supplied to the filament 4 will maintain the mercury in the vaporized state.
- the quantity of mercury 6 present in the lamp when new, is made such' that it will be completely vaporized at a temperature which is at least approximately 10 C. less than the ordinary temperature of the lamp at the coolest point.
- the filament 4 will burn, at the ordinary operating temperature, in a medium of unsaturated mercury vapor.
- an electric incandescent lamp adapted to operate with an internal pressure considerably in excess of one atmosphere and comprising an envelope, a metallic filament sealed within said envelope, a filling of a fixed gas in said envelope which is inert with respect to the material of said filament and serves to prevent excessive evapora tion of said filament during the initial moments of operation of the lamp, said envelope also containing a predetermined quantity of mercury. such that at the nominal. operating voltage of the lamp when new a portion of the said mercury less than one-third of the total amount thefiof is present in the envelope in liquid form.
Landscapes
- Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE204632X | 1937-04-19 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2185025A true US2185025A (en) | 1939-12-26 |
Family
ID=5782871
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US202312A Expired - Lifetime US2185025A (en) | 1937-04-19 | 1938-04-15 | Electric lamp |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2185025A (de) |
BE (1) | BE427621A (de) |
CH (1) | CH204632A (de) |
FR (1) | FR836840A (de) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2468793A (en) * | 1943-12-06 | 1949-05-03 | Sperry Corp | High-frequency resistor |
US2894166A (en) * | 1949-04-02 | 1959-07-07 | Heraeus Gmbh W C | Heat radiation devices |
US3275879A (en) * | 1961-07-31 | 1966-09-27 | Ohmega Lab | Capsulated bulb and method of making the same |
-
0
- BE BE427621D patent/BE427621A/xx unknown
-
1938
- 1938-04-15 US US202312A patent/US2185025A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1938-04-16 CH CH204632D patent/CH204632A/de unknown
- 1938-04-19 FR FR836840D patent/FR836840A/fr not_active Expired
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2468793A (en) * | 1943-12-06 | 1949-05-03 | Sperry Corp | High-frequency resistor |
US2894166A (en) * | 1949-04-02 | 1959-07-07 | Heraeus Gmbh W C | Heat radiation devices |
US3275879A (en) * | 1961-07-31 | 1966-09-27 | Ohmega Lab | Capsulated bulb and method of making the same |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR836840A (fr) | 1939-01-26 |
CH204632A (de) | 1939-05-15 |
BE427621A (de) |
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