US2184774A

US2184774A - Door operating and locking mechanism

Info

Publication number: US2184774A
Application number: US263091A
Authority: US
Inventors: James E Browning
Original assignee: CLAUDE V BIRKHEAD; WERNER N BECKMANN
Current assignee: CLAUDE V BIRKHEAD; WERNER N BECKMANN
Priority date: 1939-03-20
Filing date: 1939-03-20
Publication date: 1939-12-26
Anticipated expiration: 1956-12-26

Description

Dec. 26, 1939. J. E. BROWNING DOOR OPERATING AND LOCKING MECHANISM 8 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed March 20, 1959 James .F. Brown/n Q QM NW WW HQ Q aw & ww g mw ww wwnw &

Dec. 26, 1939. J. E. BROWNING DOOR OPERATING AND LOCKING MECHANISM Filed March 20; 1959 8 Sheets-Sheet 2 QM NH? WQNI WON w m mu /J F i n James 1",. Browning Dec. 26, 1939. J. E. BROWNING DOOR OPERATING AND LOCKING MECHANISM Filed March 20, 1939 8 Sheets-Sheet 3 .Ebrowning Dec. 26, 1939. J BRQWNINGI I 2,184,774

DOOR OPERATING AND LOCKING MECHANISM v Filed March 20, 1939 8 Sheets-Sheet 5 Dec. 26, 1939. J. E. BROWNING DOOR OPERATING AND LOCKING MECHANISM a sheets -sheet 6 Filed March 20, 1939 kw. m m m fis w.

QQN Q Qmwm WK WNF. 2E

i E w twin. \J N Dec. 26, 1939. J. E. BROWNING V DOOR OPERATING AND LOCKING MECHANISM Filed March 20, 1959 8 Sheets-Sheet 7 Dec. 26, 1939. J. E. BROWNING DOOR OPERATING AND LOCKING MECHANISM 8 sheets sheet 8 Filed March 20, 19:59

Patented Dec. 26, 1939 warren s'rA'r ATENT oFFlcs noon OPERATING ANT) LOCKING MECHANISM Application March 20,

7 22 Claims.

The invention relates to mechanisms for operating and locking doors and it is particularly applicable for controlling jail cell doors from a control booth or the like. I

The principal object of the invention is to provide a comparatively simple and inexpensive; yet a safe and reliable mechanism which may be quickly and easily operated to open or close any selected door or doors, and to lock and unlock the 1 Same.

supported carriage which is operable at will, and one or" the foremost objects of the invention is to provide for limited movements of the carriage with respect to the door for the purpose of utilizing these limited carriage movements to efiect door locking and unlocking.

Further objects are to provide door locking means controlled by vertical movements of the door and to make novel provision whereby the above mentioned limited movements of the carriage with respect to the door will be utilized to impart the required vertical movements to saiddoor to lock and unlock the same.

2 Another object is to provide novel and advantageous means for locking the door carriages as Well as the doors, providing an additional safeguard.

A still further object is to provide novelme'ans 3 r for selectively or simultaneously connecting any or all of the door carriages with a single carriage operating member, whereby any one of the doors or a number thereof may be opened or closed at will. i

A still further object is to make novel and advantageous provision for actuating the above mentioned carriage operating member at a relatively slow speed with consequent relatively great power until the door has been well started toward open or closed position, and for then actuating said operating member with comparatively great speed.

The operating means for the above mentioned carriage-operating member preferably includes a hand wheel by means of which said operating means is actuated to either open or close any selected door or doors-,and still another object of the invention is-to provide novel means for 'stopping the rotation of said hand- Wheel in either operation has been completed, overcoming any liability of straining or breaking any of the parts which move under the influence of said hand wheelby excessive turning of the latter in either direction.

Each door is suspended from an elevated trackdirection when the door opening or door closing 1939', Serial No. 263,091

.With the foregoing and minor objects in View, the invention residesin the novel subject matter hereinafter described and claimed, description being accomplished by reference to the accompanying drawings;

Figure 1 is a side elevation partly broken away and in section showing the invention associated with three cell doors, one of said doors being shown in closed position, another partially opened and the third completely opened.

Figure 2 is an enlarged horizontal sectional viewsubstantially on line 22 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a detail vertical section on line 3-3 of Figure 2.

Figure 4: is an enlarged elevation partly broken away looking toward the left end of Figure 1.

Figure 5 is an enlarged sectional view corre- Figure 8 is a vertical transverse section. on

line 8-8 of Figure 6.- a,

Figure 9' is an enlarged elevation partlyin section showing the upper portion of one of the doors, the carriage for this door and the various structural features associated with said carriage. Figures I0 and ii are transverse sectional views on lines lW-l'il and ll-H'respective1y of Figure 9.

Figure 12 isatop plan view partly in section showing the par-ts illustrated in Figure 9.

Figure 13 is a horizontal sectional View on line l3i3 of Figure 9.

Figure 14 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view on line I l-44 of Figure 12 showing the Vertically movable bar which is instrumental in connecting the carriage with the carriage-(spent: ing member and in looking said carriage.

Figure 15 is a View similar to Figure 14 but showing the manner in which the vertically movable bar locks the carriage when the latter is disriage is moving the door toward open or closed position.

Figure 19 is a similar view illustrating the relation which occurs when the door is locked in open position.

Features of construction have been illustrated which may be considered as preferred but the present disclosure is to be considered as illustrative rather than limiting, for numerous variations may be made within the scope of the invention as claimed.

For illustrative purposes, the invention has been shown associated with the doors 20 of three cells 2|, 22 and 23 but it could of course be used with any desired number of cell doors or with other kinds of doors. The doors 20 are suspended from overhead carriages 24 having flanged wheels 25 to travel on horizontal tracks 26 suitably mounted upon the bottom of an elongated casing structure 21 which is appropriately mounted over the doorways of the bank of cells. At one end of the cell bank, I have shown a control cabinet 28 in which is a hand wheel 29 constituting the prime mover for the actuating means of a horizontal carriage-operating bar 3|] which is suitably mounted in and extends longitudinally of the housing 21. The cabinet 28 also contains a plurality of indexing pushbuttons or the like 3| which are operable to connect any one or more of the door carriages 24 with the operating bar 36, whereby movement of this bar 36 will move the connected carriage or carriages. The push-buttons 3! also serve to apply and release a locking means for the carriages as will hereinafter appear.

Each carriage 24 is so connected with its respective door 26, that it may move in either direction to a limited extent with respect to said door, before starting to open the latter, after completely opening the latter, before starting to close the door and after completely closing said door, and I make novel provision whereby these limited carriage movements with respect to the door, are utilized to effect vertical movements of said door to and from locked position.

Any suitable provision may be made for locking the door 20 when it is moved vertically in one direction and for unlocking it when moved vertically in the other direction. In the present disclosure, the upper end of the door 20 is provided with a projection 32 (see Figs. 9, 10 and 11) which is receivable in an opening 33 in the bottom of the housing 21 when said door is completely closed and lifted, said projection being also receivable in another opening similar to 33 when the door is completely opened and lifted. I have also shown hook-shaped slots 34 in some of the edge bars of the door 20 (see Fig. 3) engageable with fixed pins 35 carried by the fixed door frame. These slots and pins interengage and lock the door closed at its lower end while the projection 32 and opening 33 are locking the upper end of said door. These provisions for utilizing vertical movements of the door to lock and unlock the same, are of course merely illustrative of various ways in which the results could be accomplished. Moreover, while in the present disclosure, the door is locked when it is raised and unlocked when it is lowered, it will be obvious that an arrangement could be provided to lock upon door lowering and release upon door raising.

The various features of construction associated with any one of the carriages 24, are duplicated in connection with all of the other carriages and hence a description in connection with one, will sufiice. For this description, attention is invited more particularly to Figures 9 to 19, inclusive.

The carriage 24 in the present disclosure is provided with two longitudinally extending

chassis bars

36 and 36 disposed in parallel relation, said bars having longitudinally extending slots 3'! and 37 in their central portions, the slot 31 being formed in the bar 36 and the slot 31' in the bar 36. The slot 3'7 is provided with end portions which incline and diverge widely toward the upper edge of the bar 36,the

lower edges

38 and 39 of said inclined ends constituting cams for a purpose to appear. The slot 37 is shaped in the same manner and is provided with cam surfaces 38 and 39 corresponding to the

cams

38 and 39. The two slots 31 and 3? are offset from each other longitudinally of the carriage 24. Two rollers or other shoes 4|] and 46' are received in the two

slots

31 and 31 respectively, said rollers being suitably mounted on a vertical door hanger 4| which passes through a longitudinal slot 42 in the bottom of the housing 21, the lower end of said hanger being suitably secured to the door 20 and the upper end of said hanger being positioned centrally between the carriage chassis bars 36 and 36'. In the present disclosure, the rollers and 46 are mounted on

horizontal pins

43 and 43 which pass through and are welded to the hanger 4|. Preferably, the extremities of the

slots

31 and 31 are so shaped that the rollers 40 and 40' come to rest on horizontal surfaces when the door is locked open or closed, whereby said rollers will have no tendency to roll down the inclined slot portions which would cause strain upon the carriage locking means to be described. The ofiset relation of the

slots

31 and 31 prevents the door from swing ing longitudinally of the track.

Two toggles 44 and 44- are provided between the end portions of the chassis bars 36 and 36, said toggles each comprising an inner link 45 pivoted to the hanger 4|, and an outer link 46 pivoted to the carriage 24, the two links being slidably and pivotally connected with each other. The inner end of each link 45 is, in the present disclosure, pivoted to the hanger 4| by mounting it upon the pin 43 or 43', and if desired, each toggle may have two of these links 45, as in the present disclosure. The outer end of each link 45 is provided with a longitudinal slot 41, the upper edge wall of which is preferably formed with a notch 48 at its inner end. The outer link 46, in the present showing, is pivoted to the carriage 24 by mounting it upon one of the axles or the like 49 of the carriage wheels 25. The inner end of this link 46 carries a pin 5|] which is received in the slot 41 to seat in the notch 48, said pin having projecting portions 5| on its ends resting slidably upon the chassis bars 36 and 36'. When the toggle is upwardly buckled, the notch 48 engaging the pin 56, prevents the link 46 from swinging toward the outer end of the slot 41 to a position past the dead center of pin 49.

When the

rollers

40 and 40 are at the centers of the

slots

31 and 31, both toggles 44 and 44' are buckled upwardly to some extent as seen in Figures 9 and 18. These are the positions which the two toggles occupy when the door 20 is being moved in either direction by the carriage 24, and as long as said toggles 44 and 44' are held against further upward buckling, it will be seen that said carriage may have no horizonas required. Provision is made for holding the.

toggles 44 and 44' against said further upward buckling during the opening and closing move ments of the door but for allowing said further buckling of one toggle or the other when the door has completed its opening or closing movement. When the toggle 44' is permitted tobuckle upwardly to an extreme position (see Fig. 17) after the door 20 has been completely closed, the carriage 24 may move to the left to an extreme position and during this carriage movement, theycams 39 and 39' coact with the rollers 40 and 4i) to lift the hanger 4| and the door, thus locking the latter in closed position by interengaging the locking means 32 and 33, and t4 and 35 as above explained. When the other toggle 44 is permitted to buckle upwardly to an extreme extent (see Fig. 19) with the door 20 entirely open, the cams 38 and 38' lift the

rollers

49 and 49, thereby lifting the hanger 4| and the door 29 to cause the latter to be locked in open position, for instance, by engagement of the stud 32 with another opening such as 33. Needless to say, when extreme upward buckling of the toggle 44 is permitted, the carriage 24 may move to an extreme position beyond that which it occupies when it has just completed the door closing movement. When the door is to be moved from its closed position (Fig. 17) the carriage 24 is given a return movement with respect to said door and this return movement causes the cams 39 and 39' to again lower the door, thus unlocking the same. The two toggles 44 and 44 then occupy the positions shown in Figs. 9' and 18, in which positions they are locked until the door opening movement is completed. Similarly, when the door is to be moved from the open position (Fig. 19), the carriage 24 is given a return movement with respect to said door and this return movement lowers the door to free it fpr movement. By the time this door lowering has occurred, the two

toggles

44 and 44 again occupy the positions shown in Figs. 9 and 18 in which position, they are locked until the door closing movement has been completed.

For locking the two toggles 44 and 44' in doordriving position (Figs. 9 and 18) for permitting toggle 44' to buckle further upward when the door is closed (Fig. 17) and for allowing toggle 44 to buckle further upward when the door is open, (Fig. 19), I make use of two levers 52 and 52' both extending longitudinally at the outer side of the chassis bar 36 and both fulcrumed to said chassis bar upon a suitable lateral stud 53. The outer ends of the levers 52 and 52' carry rollers or

other shoes

54 and 54 respectively, engaging one of the carriage track rails 25, the roller 54 being adapted to leave said rail when the door has been completely opened (Fig. 19), thus permitting tilting of the lever 52, and the roller 54' being adapted to move from said rail when the door has been completely to efiect vertical movement of the latter to and suitable supports 55.

from locked position, whether the door be locked open or locked closed.

Both levers 52 and 52', in the present showing, 4

are of right angular form, the upper end of lever 52 carries a roller 55 to lie upon a portion of the toggle'44', and the upper end of lever 52 carries a roller 55 to lie upon a portion of the toggle 44' (see Figs. 9, 10, 11 and 18). As long as the rollers are held down upon the toggles- 44 and 44', the latter cannot buckle upwardly beyond their door-driving position (Figs. 9 and 18) but release of lever '52 (Fig. 19) allows roller 55 to free the toggle 44, and release of lever 52' allows 55' to release toggle 44', and whenever one toggle or the other is released, the carriage 24 continues to move to an extreme position and such carriage movement is utilized to lift the door to locked position as above ex plained.

In order that the rollers 54 and 54' may be set to coact at the proper instant with the ends of the track rail 25 upon which said rollers travel, it is preferable that provision-be made for adjusting said rollers to some extent longitudinally of said rail. This may be done by providing the levers 52 and 52' with adjustable terminals 56 carrying said rollers, and I have illustrated bolt and slot connections 57 between these terminals and the major portions of said levers.

Each carriage 24 carries a coupling pin 58 which is vertically slidable into and from a socket 59 carried by the carriage-operating bar (see more particularly Figs. 9, 11, 12, 14 and 15). This coupling pin 58-is slidably mounted,

in the present disclosure, in apertured lugs 60 and 6! which are rigidlycarried by and project rearwardly from the upper and lower portions of the rear chassis bar 36 of the carriage 24. The upper lug 60 may well contact with the lower side of the bar but undue friction may here be prevented by providing the carriage 24 with a roller 62 (Figs. 9, 10 and 12) upon which said bar rests, upward movement of said bar away from the roller 62 being prevented by a series of rollers 63 which are suitably mounted in th housing 21 and rest upon said bar.

It will be seen that when the coupling pin 58 is loweredfrom the socket 59 (Fig. 15), the carriage 24 carrying said pin will be disconnected from the operating bar 35, whereas raising of said coupling pin (Fig. 14) will cause it to operatively connect the carriage with the bar 3!] so that movement of the latter may be transmitted to the former. Novel provision is made for effecting these movements of the coupling pin 58, for locking the carriage 24 when said pin is lowered (Fig. 15) and for unlockingsaid carriage when said pin is raised (Fig. 14). In attaining these ends, the structure now to be described is preferred.

A coupling pin operating bar 54 extends longitudinally within the rear portion of the housing 21 and is mounted for vertical movements but is held against'appreciable horizontal. movements. For'illustrative purposes, this bar 64 is carried by two bell cranks which are preferably adjustably mounted in the housing 21, upon These bell cranks 65 are pivoted to a longitudinal rod 51' which is directly under the control of one of the push-buttons 3i reviously mentioned (Figs. 1, 4 and 5). Thus, the bar 64- may be moved upwardly and downwardly at will and provision is made to connect this bar with the coupling pin 58 for moving the" latter to and fromthe carriage-driving position of Figs. 9, 11 and 14. In the present disclosure, the pin 58 carries upper and

lower guides

68 and 59 slidably engaged with the bar 64. While the carriage 24 is moving the door toward open or closed position, the guide 88 rests upon bar 64 and holds the coupling .pin 58 engaged with the socket 59, possible descent of said bar 84 being then prevented due to the fact that this bar then rests upon the lug GI or directly overlies said lug, as seen in Figs. 10, 11 and 14. The ends of the bar 64 are notched as shown at 18 and 19' to clear the lug SI' when the carriage has completed the door-closing or door-opening operation and has moved to its extreme door-locking position. Thus, when the bar 84 is moved downwardly to free the coupling pin 58 from the carriage operating bar 39, one or the other of the notches I0, 18 will engage the lug 8| (Fig. 15), thereby locking the carriage 24 in its final position, and providing an additional safeguard against possible unauthorized opening of the door.

The drive socket 59 is preferably carried by a base plate II connected with the bar 39 at 12 in such manner that it may be adjusted longitudinally of the latter to the requisite position. The plate II is provided with a boss I3 projecting downwardly into an opening It in the bar 38, the lower side of said boss being flush with the lower side of said bar to prevent catching of the coupling pin 58 upon same. The ends of the opening '14 are formed with narrow notches I5 and the boss '53 is provided with lugs '55 slidably received in these notches, the whole providing a structure which permits adjustment of the socket 59, yet overcomes any liability of the coupling pin 58 catching on any part when bar 39 is being moved with respect to said pin to operate another door.

A spring I? is preferably relied upon to move the rod 9'! in the proper direction to raise the bar 64 which controls the coupling pin 58, and an inward push on one or another of the push-buttons SI (Figs. 1, 4 and 5) is utilized to move said rod 81 in the other direction to lower said bar 64 (Fig. 15). For illustrative purposes, rod 8'! is pivoted to a bell crank E8 in the control cabinet 28 (Figs. 1, 4 and 5), a vertical rod I9 is connected with said bell crank, another bell crank 80 is connected with rod I9, and a horizontal rod or the like 81 connects with 88 and passes through an opening 82 in a vertical panel 83 within the cabinet 28, said rod or the like SI being provided with one of the push-buttons 3|. A push on this button rocks the bell crank 88, pulling upon rod 19, thereby rocking bell crank 18 and pulling upon rod 61 to effect lowering of the bar 84 to the position shown in Fig. 15, in I which position it frees the carriage from the bar 39 and locks said carriage. The rod or the like 8! may be provided with a notch 84 to engage the edge wall of the opening 82 to hold the parts in the positions to which they are moved by the push button 3| and whenever the notch is released from the edge of the opening, the spring Tl will lift the bar 84 to carriage-releasing position (Fig. 14) at the same time engaging the coupling pin 58 with the socket 59 or positioning said pin in readiness for such engagement should the bar 38 then occupy a position in which 59 is not in alinement with 58. Should this condition occur, pin 58 will simply strike the bottom of bar 38 and while this bar is being moved to the proper position, said bar will slide upon the upper end of the pin and the latter will move into the socket 59 as soon as the latter becomes alinedwith said pin.

In operating the carriage-actuating bar 30, it is advisable to move same slowly and with relatively great power until the inertia of the door has been overcome and to then move said bar more rapidly. For accomplishing these results,

I prefer the mechanism shown more particularly at the upper portion of Fig. 5 and in Figs. 6, 7 and 8. The end of the bar 38 toward the cabinet 28, carries a rack bar 85 meshing with a gear 85 on a short horizontal shaft 81, the ends of said shaft 81 being provided with smaller gears 88 each of which is provided with a fiat peripheral portion 89 for a purpose to appear. The shaft 8! is rotatably mounted on an appropriate carriage 98 which is slidable between two parallel tracks 9! suitably secured to a base plate 92, said carriage 98 having a roller or the like 93 for holding the rack 85 engaged with the gear 88. The tracks 9i are provided at one end with fiat surfaces 98, at their other ends with flat surfaces 95, and between their ends with rack teeth 98. With the parts positioned as in Fig. 6, the flat portions 89 of the gears 88 are in contact with the flat track portions 94. Thus, when the carriage is moved to the right, said gears 88 and the gear 88 will be locked against rotation and will simply push the rack 85 at the speed of the carriage, 89 then sliding upon 84. When 89 slides from 9-1, however, the continued movement of the carriage 98 causes the gears 88 to mesh with the rack teeth 98, whereupon said gears 88 are rotated with the result that they rotate the gear 86 and cause the latter to move the rack 85 with greater speed than that of the carriage 98. When thegears 88 leave the rack teeth 98, the flat portions 89 of said gears slide upon the fiat track portions with the result that the

gears

88 and 88, and shaft 81, establish a direct connection between carriage 98 and rack 85 so that bar 80 will again moveat the same speed as the carriage.

It will be seen from the above that the mechanism of Figs. 6, 7 and 8 not only moves the door relatively slowly and with comparatively great power until its inertia is overcome when starting said door toward open or closed position, but that said mechanism will slow down the door motion at the end of its opening and closing movements, permitting the door to come more gently to rest.

Movement of the carriage 90 in door-opening or door-closing direction, is effected by rotating the hand wheel 29 (Figs. 1, 4 and 5). shown a sprocket 91 behind the panel 83 and secured to the shaft 98 of said hand wheel, said sprocket 9T engaging an endless sprocket chain 99 Whose upper portion passes around a sprocket I88 on a short shaft IIlI mounted in suitable bearings I82 on the base plate 92 (Figs. 5, 6 and 7). Shaft MI is provided with a beveled pinion I83 meshing with a beveled gear I04 on a transverse shaft I85 which is mounted in a suitable bearing I96 on the base plate 92. Shaft I05 carries a spur pinion IIl'I meshing with a rack I88 which is secured to the carriage 98. It will thus be seen that by turning the hand wheel 29 several revolutions in one direction, the proper motion may be transmitted to the carriage-operating bar 38 to effect door opening, and that reverse rotation of said hand wheel will so move said bar 39 as to eifect door closing. It is desirable to provide a positive stop forthe hand wheel 29 when bar 30 should be stopped at either end of I have its travel, overcoming strain, and possible injury to interveningparts.

I have shown a stopv I09 secured to the rear side: of the hand wheel 29, to engage a movable stop. no carried by the panel. 83, said stop H0, however, being out of the path of 109 as long, as rotation of the wheel 29 is required. A pivoted setting device i H is provided for the stop H0, however, connected therewith by a link H2, and a trip 2 i3 is provided on the chain 99 to abut the portion 5 M of said setting device when the proper movement of the carriage-actuating bar 301s almost completed in either direction. Thus, by the time this bar movement has been completed, H3 has raised 1 I! and swung H0 into the path of H79 to prevent further rotation of the hand wheel 2d.

Before explaining the general operation, let it be remembered that all movements of the carriage-operating bar 38 are imparted thereto by rotating the hand wheel 29, that there is one of the push-buttons 3| for each of the doors 20 and that with all of the doors closed, all of said pushbuttons are held in their innermost positions by the notches 84 (Fig. 5). With the push-buttons in these positions, the operating connections 80,

1%, "iii, 67 and 55, hold all of the bars 64 downwardly to lock the carriages 24 in the door closed positionshown in Fig. 17, all of the coupling pins 58 being then lowered from engagement with their respective sockets 59 (on the carriage-operating bar 38) With the carriages 24- thus locked in door-closed position, the doors 20 are held in raised locked position by means of the cams 39 and 39' and the rollers and d0. Assume now that any door is to be opened. The proper pushbutton 3! is released and the spring 11 moves the rod Bl to cause the bell cranks 65 to raise the bar 65 by the selected door carriage. The upward movement of bar 64 engages the coupling pin 56 with the socket 59 of the carriage-operating bar 39 as seen in Figs. 9, 11 and 14. Now, the hand wheel 29 is rotated to cause the various riving connections to move the bar 39 in dooropening direction. The first movement of this bar 36 moves the carriage 24' with respect to the closed door 23, thereby causing the cams 39 and 39' and the

rollers

40 and 40 to lower the door hanger ll and the door. By the time this door lowering has occurred, the roller 54' has moved onto the rail 2% from the position shown in Fig. 17, causing the lever 52' to hold the toggle 44' in the position to which it has returned during the door lowering movement of the carriage 24. The parts then occupy the positions shown in Fig. 18 and the carriage continues to move the door to open position. By the time the door has been fully opened, the roller 54 of the lever 52 has moved from the rail 26, causing said lever 52 to free the toggle 54, thereby permitting movement of the carriage 24 to the extreme position of Fig. 19, with the result that the

cams

38 and 38 coact with therollers and 40 to lift the door 20 to a locked-open position. This having been done, the proper push-button 3! may be pushed in and fastened by the notch84, thus causing lowering of the bar 64 as seen in Figs. 15 and 19, to disengage the coupling pin 53 from the operating bar 359 and to lock the carriage by engagement of the notch 18' of bar 6 with the lug 6i of said carriage.

75 ating bar 38 and said bar 54 can free the carriage.

The parts then are in readiness for door-closing movement. Theinitial movement of the bar 30 moves the carriage 24 to the left from its Fig. 19 position, thereby lowering the door 20 to an unlockedposition. By the time this has occurred, roller 54 has engaged the rail 2% to lock the toggle 44,v in the position to which it has returned, so that continued movement, of the carriage will drive the door to closed position. When the door reaches this position, roller 54' drops from the rail, 26 (Fig. '17) permitting toggle 44 to buckle upwardly, allowing, the necessary further movement of the carriage 24 toefiect lifting of the door to lockedposition. When the carriage reaches this. extreme, door-locked position, bar 64 is again lowered to lock the carriage and at the same time to disengage the coupling pin 58 from the. carriage-operating bar 30', the carriage locking function being then'performed by engagement v of. notch 16 (Fig. 17.) with the lug 6|- of the car area equal to the cross-sectional area of the wall containing the door. Such a provision would make the door become virtually a part of the wall in strength and security when said door occupied locked position. The result may be accomplished by providing enough of the lock pins 35 to cause total cross-sectional area of pins to equal 'the cross-sectional area of the cell front wall. 'The present day ways of locking cell doors provides small notches at the bottom and top of the door and sometimes in the middle and at one side, into which a small lock bar is dropped or turned. When the door is opened, these notches are exposed and may be injured with tools unless protected by expensive housings.

While preferred features have been illustrated, attention is, again invited to the, possibility of making variations within the scope of the invention as claimed.

What is claimed is:

1. In a door-operating and locking mechanism, a horizontally movable carriage for the door; opcrating means for said carriage; connecting means between said door and said carriage having provision for allowing limited horizontal movement of said carriage to an extreme position beyond its door-closed position and for allowing limited horizontal return movement of said carriage from said extreme position prior to door opening; and locking means for the door applied and released by said limited movements of said carriage.

2. In a door-operating and locking mechanism, a horizontally movable carriage for the door; operating means for said carriage, and connecting means between said door and said. carriage, said connecting means having provision for allowing limitedhorizontal movement of said carriage to an extreme position beyond its door-closed posie tion, for allowing limited horizontal return movement of said carriage from said extreme position prior to door opening, and for allowing limited vertical movement of said door to and from a locked position; said connecting means including means whereby said limited horizontal movements of said carriage will move said door to and from said door-locked position.

3. In a door-operating and locking mechanism, a horizontally movable carriage for the door, said carriage having a longitudinal inclined upwardly facing cam, a shoe on said door resting on said cam and suspending the door for vertical movement under the influence of said cam, said cam being so pitched as to move the door vertically to a door-locked position when said carriage is moved to an extreme position beyond its doorclosed position, and to move said door vertically to unlocked position when said carriage is moved in door opening direction from said extreme position, and operating means for said carriage.

4. In a door operating and locking mechanism, a horizontally movable carriage for the door; operating means for said carriage, and connecting means between said door and said carriage, said connecting means having provision for allowing limited horizontal movement of said carriage to extreme positions beyond its door-closed and door-open positions, and for allowing limited horizontal return movements of said carriage from either of said extreme positions before starting to open or close the door; and means for locking said door in closed and open positions, said locking means being controlled by said limited movements of said carriage.

5. In a door operating and locking mechanism, a horizontally movable carriage for the door; operating means for said carriage, and connecting means between said door and said carriage, said connecting means having provision for allowing limited horizontal movement of said carriage to extreme positions beyond its door-closed and door-open positions, for allowing limited horizontal return movements of said carriage from either said extreme positions before starting to open or close the door, and for allowing limited vertical movement of the door to and from a locked position; said connecting means including means whereby said limited horizontal movements of said carriage to either of said extreme positions will vertically move said door to said locked position and either of said limited horizontal return movements of said carriage will vertically move said door to unlocked position.

6. In a door operating and locking mechanism, a horizontally movable carriage for the door, said carriage having two longitudinal upwardly facing cams inclined in opposite directions; means on said door cooperable with said cams in suspending the door and cooperable with said cams in vertically moving the door, said cams being arranged to vertically move the door to a locked position when said carriage is moved to an extreme position beyond either its door-closed position or its door-open position, and to vertically move said door to an unlocked position when said carriage is returned from either of its extreme positions, and operating means for said carriage.

'7. In a door-operating and locking mechanism, a horizontally movable carriage for the door; operating means for said carriage; connecting means between said door and said carriage having provision for allowing limited horizontal movement of said carriage to an extreme position beyond its door-closed position and for allowing limited horizontal return movement of said carriage from said extreme position prior to door opening; locking means for the door applied andreleased by said limited movements of said carriage; and means holding the carriage against movement with respect to the door during the door-closing movement of said carriage, said holding means having means whereby it is automatically released when said door-closing movement of the carriage is complete, permitting movement of said carriage to said extreme position to effect door locking.

8. In a door operating and locking mechanism, a horizontally movable carriage for the door; operating means for said carriage; connecting means between said door and said carriage having provision for allowing limited horizontal movement of said carriage to an extreme position beyond its door-closed position and for allowing limited horizontal return movement of said carriage from said extreme position prior to door opening; locking means for the door applied and released by said limited movements of said carriage; a toggle connected at one end with said carriage and at its other end with the door for transmitting the door-closing movement of the carriage to the door; and means for holding said toggle in operative position until said door is completely closed and for then effecting release of said toggle, permitting movement of the carriage to said extreme position to effect door locking.

9. In a door operating and locking mechanism, a horizontally movable carriage for the door; operating means for said carriage; connecting means between said door and said carriage having provision for allowing limited horizontal movement of said carriage to an extreme position beyond its door-closed position and for allowing limited horizontal return movement of said carriage from said extreme position prior to door opening; locking means for the door applied and released by said limited movements of said carriage; a toggle connected at one end with said carriage and at its other end with the door for transmitting the door-closing movement of the carriage to the door; a lever fulcrumed on the carriage and associated with said toggle to hold the latter in operative position as long as said lever is held in a predetermined position; and a fixed horizontal track cooperable with said lever for holding the same in said predetermined position during door closing and for releasing said lever when the door is completely closed, permitting movement of the carriage to said extreme position to effect door locking.

10. In a door operating and locking mechanism, a horizontally movable carriage for the door; operating means for said carriage, and connecting means betweensaid door and said carriage, said connecting means having provision for allowing limited horizontal movement of said carriage to extreme positions beyond its doorclosed and door-open positions, and for allowing limited horizontal return movements of said carriage from either of said extreme positions before starting to open or close the door, means controlled by said limited movements of the carriage for locking the door in both closedand open positions; and means for holding the carriage against movement with respect to the door during the door-closing and door-opening movements of said carriage, said holding means having means whereby it is automatically released when the door has been completely closed or completely opened.

11. In a door operating and locking mechanism, a horizontally movable carriage for the door; operating means for said carriage, and connecting means between said door and said carriage, said connecting means having provision for allowing limited horizontal movement of said carriage to extreme positions beyond its doorclosed and door-open positions, and for allowing limited horizontal return movements of said carriage from-either of said extreme positions before starting to open or close the door, means controlled by said limited movements of the carriage for locking the door in both closed and open positions; two toggles extending longitudinally of the carriage, said toggles being so connected with the carriage and door that one transmits door-closing motion from the carriage to the door when held in operative position, and the other transmits door-opening motion from said carriage to, the door when held in operative position; and means for holding both toggles in operative position during the door-closing and door-opening movements of said carriage and for releasing either toggle when its motion-transmitting function has been performed.

12. In a. door operating and locking mechanism, a horizontally movable carriage for the door; operating means for said carriage, and connecting means between said door and said carriage, said connecting means having provision for allowing limited horizontal movement of said carriage to extreme positions beyond its doorclosed and door-open positions, and for allowing limited horizontal return movements of said carriage from either of said extreme positions before starting to open or close the door, means controlled by said limited movements of the carriage for locking the door in both closed and open positions; two toggles extending longitudinally of the carriage, said toggles being so connected with the carriage and door that one transmits doorclosing motion from the carriage to the door when held in operative position, and the other transmits door-opening motion from said carriage to the door when held in operative position; two levers fulcrumed on said carriage, said levers being so associated with said toggles that one lever will hold one toggle in operative position as long as said one lever is held in predetermined position, and the other lever will hold the other toggle in operative position as long as said other lever is held in predetermined position; and a fixed horizontal track cooperable with said levers for holding them in said predetermined position during the door-closing and door-opening movements of the carriage and for releasing the lever associated with either toggle when this toggle has performed its motion-transmitting function.

13. In a door operating means, a horizontally elongated carriage to travel upon a horizontal track, said carriage having a cam between its ends provided with inclined ends which incline toward the ends of the carriage, a door hanger having a portion resting on said cam between said inclined ends thereof,= whereby movement of the carriage in either direction with respect to the hanger will lift the latter; two toggles on the end portions of said carriage and normally buckled upwardly to some extent, each of said toggles comprising an inner link pivoted at its inner end to said hanger and having a longitudinal slot in its outer end, an outer link pivoted at its outer end to said carriage, and a pin on the inner end of said outer link received in said slot and normally abutting the inner end of this slot; and releasable means for normally holding both toggles against further upward buckling, whereby movement of said carriage in either direction will correspondingly move said hanger, and release of either toggle will allow said further upward buckling thereof, permitting movement of the carriage with respect to the hanger and causing one end of said cam to lift said hanger.

14. In a door operating means, a horizontally the hanger will lift the latter; twotoggles o-n'the.

end portions of said carriage and normally buckled upwardly to some extent, each of said toggles comprising an inner link pivoted at its inner end to said hanger and having a longitudinal slot in its outer end, an outerlink pivoted at its outer end to said carriage, and a pin on the inner end of said outer link received in said slot and normally abutting the inner end of this slot; and two track-controlled levers fulcrumed on said carriageand having portions normally lying upon said toggles to prevent further upward buckling thereof, whereby movement of said carriage in either direction will correspondingly move said hanger, and release of either toggle will allow said further upward buckling thereof, permitting movement of the carriage with respect to the hanger and causing one endof said cam to lift said hanger.

15. In a door operating and locking mechanism, a horizontally movable door carriage; a horizontally movable operating member for said carriage; a coupling member movably mounted on said carriage for connecting it with and disconnecting it from said operating member; a horizontal bar near said carriage and. parallel with the line of travel thereof; means mounting said bar for vertical movement with respect to said carriage and for prohibiting horizontal movement of said bar; means slidable along said bar and so connecting this bar with said coupling said carriage and parallel with the line of travel thereof; means mounting said bar for vertical -movement with respect to said carriage and for prohibiting horizontal movement of said bar; means slidable along said bar and so connecting this bar with said coupling member that the latter may be moved to and from operative'position by vertically moving said bar; and means for vertically moving said bar.

17. In a door operating mechanism, a door operating bar having a rack at one end; a. ear meshing with said rack; means for holding said gear in mesh with said rack; a second gear bodily rotatable with the first mentioned gear and having a flat tooth-free peripheral portion; a carriage upon which both of said gears are mounted; means mounting said carriage for movement longitudinally of said rack, operating means for said carriage, a fixed straight track upon which said flat portion of said second gear slides during part of the carriage travel, thereby holding the two gears against rotation and causing the first mentioned gear to move said rack of the operating bar at the same speed as the carriage, and a fixed rack with which said second gear meshes when said flat portion of said second gear slides from said straight track, whereby upon continued movement of said carriage the two gears will be driven, thereby causing the first mentioned gear to rapidly move the rack of said operating bar.

18. In a door operating mechanism having means movable to two positions for connecting a door carriage with a carriage-operating member and for disconnecting said carriage from said member; spring means for moving the first named means to one of said positions; manually actuated means for moving said first named means to its other position, said manually actuated means including a slidable manually operable rod having a notch; and a panel having an opening through which said rod passes, said notch being engageable with the edge wall of said opening to hold said manually actuated means in said other position.

19. In a door operating mechanism, a chain to be driven in one direction to open a door and in the other direction to close the door; a driving sprocket around which said chain is trained; a

hand wheel for driving said sprocket; a stop fixedly carried by said hand wheel; a movable stop mounted stationarily with respect to the rotation of said hand wheel; and setting means for moving said movable stop into the path of the wheel-carried stop when the door has been opened or closed, said setting means having an actuator secured to said chain.

20. A strucure as specified in claim 3; said cam having a horizontal portion on which said shoe comes to rest when the door occupies its locked position.

21. A structure as specified in claim 6; together with two additional cams duplicating those aforesaid and offset longitudinally of the carriage therefrom, and additional means on said door ofiset longitudinally thereof from the aforesaid door-carried means and cooperable with said additional cams in the same way said aforesaid means and cams cooperate, whereby to hold the JAMES E. BROWNING.