US2183721A - Softening agent - Google Patents

Softening agent Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2183721A
US2183721A US215924A US21592438A US2183721A US 2183721 A US2183721 A US 2183721A US 215924 A US215924 A US 215924A US 21592438 A US21592438 A US 21592438A US 2183721 A US2183721 A US 2183721A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
salts
long
alcohol sulfate
sulfamic acid
softening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US215924A
Inventor
Herbert A Lubs
Jr Luther B Arnold
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
EIDP Inc
Original Assignee
EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co filed Critical EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
Priority to US215924A priority Critical patent/US2183721A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2183721A publication Critical patent/US2183721A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/244—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus
    • D06M13/248—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus with compounds containing sulfur
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S516/00—Colloid systems and wetting agents; subcombinations thereof; processes of
    • Y10S516/01—Wetting, emulsifying, dispersing, or stabilizing agents
    • Y10S516/03—Organic sulfoxy compound containing
    • Y10S516/05—Organic amine, amide, or n-base containing

Definitions

  • This invention relates to treating agents for fibrous materials and more particularly to agents for softening leather, paper and textile fibers. Still more particularly the invention relates to 5 the combination of sulfamic acid or one of its salts with materials obtained by the sulfation of long-chain aliphatic alcohols as products for softening leather, paper and textile fibers and further to the use of these products in softening leather, paper and textile fibers.
  • This invention has as an object the preparation of novel softening agents and their use in softening leather, paper and textiles by combining the softening properties of long-chain alcohol sulfate ester salts or products based on long-chain alcohol sulfate ester salts with the hygroscopic properties of sulfamic acid or its organic and inorganic salts.
  • the alcohol sulfate ester salts have the property of making fibrous materials, such as cotton, hemp, jute, linen, wool, silk, regenerated'cellulose, cellulose acetate and wood pulp whenin the form of filaments or sheets pliable so that they feel very soft when handled and in certain cases, to be described later, smooth to the touch.
  • the objects of thisinvention are accomplished by the addition of sulfamic acid or one of its salts to baths for treating leather, paper and textiles which contain longchain alcohol sulfate esters or a softening agent based on long-chain alcohol sulfate esters or by mixing sulfamic acid or one of its salts with the long-chain alcohol sulfate esters or a softening agent based on the long-chain alcohol sulfate esters and then adding this mixture to the textile treating bath.
  • the invention comprises adding to the treating bath from 0.2 to parts of sulfamic acid or one of its salts per part of long-chain alcohol sulfate ester or per part of a softening agent based on long-chain alcohol sulfate esters, as determined on a dry basis.
  • the sulfamic acid or its salt may also be mixed with the long-chain sulfate ester or with the softening agent based on long-chain alcohol sulfate esters in a dry form or diluted with a small amount of Water to form a concentrated paste which mixture may be later diluted to the desired extent to form a treating bath.
  • the long-chain alcohol sulfate ester salts may comprise the sulfuric ester salts of alcohols having from 8 to carbon atoms or mixtures thereof. They may be produced by complete or by partial sulfation of the alcohol, and they may be neutralized with alkali metal bases or with organic bases. The preparation of these products is already described in the literature and is well known to the art. Products based on longchain alcohol sulfate esters may comprise prodnets in which hydrocarbons, such as the aliphatic hydrocarbons derived from petroleum, are mixed with the alcohol before sulfation. Examples of such products are described in the pending appli--' cation of L. E. Arnold, Jr., Serial No. 137,374, filed April 16, 1937. Such products may also comprise products in which unsaturated long-chain alcohols aretreated with acid anhydrides, such as acetic anhydride, prior to sulfation. Both of these classes of products may be neutralized either with alkali metal bases or with organic bases.
  • Example 1 An aqueous solution is prepared containing 0.2% of sodium cetyl sulfate and 0.1% of sodium sulfar'nate. It is heated to 50 C. and applied to fabrics made from regenerated cellulose or cotton by passing them through the solution. After drying the fabrics are found to have a very smooth surface in addition to being pliable.
  • Example 2 An aqueous solution is prepared containing 0.5% by weight of the sodium salt of the product obtained by the conjoint sulfation of stearyl alcohol and petrolatum and 0.5% by weight of ammonium sulfamate.
  • Taffeta fabrics woven from regenerated cellulose and broadcloth fabrics woven from cotton after being treated in this solution at 40-60" C. and dried are found to possess a very smooth velvety surface as well as being soft and pliable.
  • Many other types of fabrics from all known textile fibers, synthetic or natural, may be treated in a similar manner. For example, crepe fabrics from artificial silk, crepe fabrics from artificial silk and cotton, printed dress fabrics from cotton and draperies from artificial silk and from cotton may be treated with sulfamic acid or its salts and alcoiii dill
  • Example 3 Paper is treated by padding onto it an aqueagents containing sulfamic acid or its salts.
  • Example 4 19.3 parts by weight of cetyl alcohol are sulfated with 7.6 parts by weight of chlorosulfonic acid with agitation of the mass over a period of from 30 to 40 minutes with the temperature maintained between 55 C. and 65 C. The mass is then stirred for 4 or 5 minutes more to allow the reaction to come to an end. 60.3 parts by weight of 5.4% aqueous sodium hydroxide at 30 C. are then added to the reaction mass slowly during stirring. 20 parts by weight of ammonium sulfamate are then added, the temperature is raised to between 45 C. and C., and the mass is then stirred until it is homogeneous. The product is a homogeneous, white paste in appearance. It emulsifles readily in warm water with simple agitation.
  • the sulfation may be also carried out to obtain still less complete sulfation of the aliphatic alcohol in order to change the finishing effect of the product.
  • Textiles, leather and paper may be treated with this product following the procedure of Examples 1, 2 and 3.
  • Example 5 19.3 parts by weight of stearyl alcohol and.12.8 parts by weight of refined petrolatum (M. P. range 40-50 C.; Iodine No. 10-20) are melted together and 7.6 parts by weight of chlorosulfonic acid (92% by theory on weight of stearyl alcohol) are added during agitation of the mass over a period of from 30 to 40 minutes with the temperature maintained between C. and 65 C. The mass is then stirred for 3 or 4 minutes to allow the reaction to come to an end. 60.3 parts by weight of 5.4% aqueous sodium hydroxide at 30 C. are added to the reaction mass slowly while stirring. 45 parts by weight of ammonium sulfamate are added. The temperature is brought to from 50 C. to C., and the mass is stirred until it is homogeneous.
  • refined petrolatum M. P. range 40-50 C.; Iodine No. 10-20
  • the product is a homogeneous, white paste in appearance. It emulsifies readily in warm water with simple agitation and dilute emulsions even up to 5% will not separate after from 10 to 20 minutes boiling or even while cooling from the boiling point.
  • the fatty alcohol which is sulfated may also be 'lauryl, myristyl, cetyl, oleyl or mixtures of these alcohols.
  • Mineral oil or parafiin wax or mixtures of these materials with petrolatum may be used instead of the. petrolatum.
  • Suitable salts are the calcium, magnesium, triethanolamine, trimethyl amine, stearyl trimethyl ammonium, diethanol stearamide, etc.
  • sulfamate to cover sulfamic acid (hydrogen sulfamate) as well as its salts.
  • the sulfation product may be dried immediately after neutralization, and the dry product ground with the dry salt of sulfamic acid, or the finished product may be dried after addition of the salt of sulfamic acid and ground to a stable powder form.
  • the product may also be dried in flake form on such apparatus as a drum drier.
  • the products of Examples 4 and 5 may be applied to leather, paper or textiles at concentrations varying over a wide range but more particularly at concentrations varying from 0.05 to 5% in solution under the conditions illustrated in the first three examples.
  • a textile finishing agent which is capable of imparting an improved softened finish to a textile fabric when it is applied thereto from an aqueous medium comprising a mixture of a sulfamate having the generalformula: HzNSOsX, wherein X is a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and a salt-forming radical, and a long chain alcohol sulfate ester salt containing 8 or more carbon atoms.
  • a textile finishing agent which is capable of imparting an improved softened finish to a textile fabric when it is applied thereto from an aqueous medium comprising a mixture of an ammonium or alkali metal sulfamate having the general formula: HzNSOaM, wherein M stands for alkali metal or ammonium, and a long chain alcohol sulfate ester salt containing from 8 to 20 carbon atoms.

Description

Patented ec. 19, 1939 some AG poration of Delaware No wing. Application .iunc 25, 1938, Serial No. 215,924
4 Claims.
This invention relates to treating agents for fibrous materials and more particularly to agents for softening leather, paper and textile fibers. Still more particularly the invention relates to 5 the combination of sulfamic acid or one of its salts with materials obtained by the sulfation of long-chain aliphatic alcohols as products for softening leather, paper and textile fibers and further to the use of these products in softening leather, paper and textile fibers.
This invention has as an object the preparation of novel softening agents and their use in softening leather, paper and textiles by combining the softening properties of long-chain alcohol sulfate ester salts or products based on long-chain alcohol sulfate ester salts with the hygroscopic properties of sulfamic acid or its organic and inorganic salts. The alcohol sulfate ester salts have the property of making fibrous materials, such as cotton, hemp, jute, linen, wool, silk, regenerated'cellulose, cellulose acetate and wood pulp whenin the form of filaments or sheets pliable so that they feel very soft when handled and in certain cases, to be described later, smooth to the touch.
It has been found that when sul-famic acid or its salts are used in combination with long-chain alcohol sulfate ester salts or softening agents based on long-chain alcohol sulfate ester salts, a novel finish is obtained on leather, paper and textile fibers which is in many cases more pleasing than the effect obtained without the use of sulfamic acid or its salts. The objects of thisinvention are accomplished by the addition of sulfamic acid or one of its salts to baths for treating leather, paper and textiles which contain longchain alcohol sulfate esters or a softening agent based on long-chain alcohol sulfate esters or by mixing sulfamic acid or one of its salts with the long-chain alcohol sulfate esters or a softening agent based on the long-chain alcohol sulfate esters and then adding this mixture to the textile treating bath.
The invention comprises adding to the treating bath from 0.2 to parts of sulfamic acid or one of its salts per part of long-chain alcohol sulfate ester or per part of a softening agent based on long-chain alcohol sulfate esters, as determined on a dry basis. The sulfamic acid or its salt may also be mixed with the long-chain sulfate ester or with the softening agent based on long-chain alcohol sulfate esters in a dry form or diluted with a small amount of Water to form a concentrated paste which mixture may be later diluted to the desired extent to form a treating bath.
The long-chain alcohol sulfate ester salts may comprise the sulfuric ester salts of alcohols having from 8 to carbon atoms or mixtures thereof. They may be produced by complete or by partial sulfation of the alcohol, and they may be neutralized with alkali metal bases or with organic bases. The preparation of these products is already described in the literature and is well known to the art. Products based on longchain alcohol sulfate esters may comprise prodnets in which hydrocarbons, such as the aliphatic hydrocarbons derived from petroleum, are mixed with the alcohol before sulfation. Examples of such products are described in the pending appli--' cation of L. E. Arnold, Jr., Serial No. 137,374, filed April 16, 1937. Such products may also comprise products in which unsaturated long-chain alcohols aretreated with acid anhydrides, such as acetic anhydride, prior to sulfation. Both of these classes of products may be neutralized either with alkali metal bases or with organic bases.
The following examples illustrate the use of sulfamic acid or its salts in conjunction with alcohol sulfate ester salts or softening agents based on alcohol sulfate ester salts in softening leather, paper and textiles.
Example 1 An aqueous solution is prepared containing 0.2% of sodium cetyl sulfate and 0.1% of sodium sulfar'nate. It is heated to 50 C. and applied to fabrics made from regenerated cellulose or cotton by passing them through the solution. After drying the fabrics are found to have a very smooth surface in addition to being pliable.
Example 2 An aqueous solution is prepared containing 0.5% by weight of the sodium salt of the product obtained by the conjoint sulfation of stearyl alcohol and petrolatum and 0.5% by weight of ammonium sulfamate. Taffeta fabrics woven from regenerated cellulose and broadcloth fabrics woven from cotton after being treated in this solution at 40-60" C. and dried are found to possess a very smooth velvety surface as well as being soft and pliable. Many other types of fabrics from all known textile fibers, synthetic or natural, may be treated in a similar manner. For example, crepe fabrics from artificial silk, crepe fabrics from artificial silk and cotton, printed dress fabrics from cotton and draperies from artificial silk and from cotton may be treated with sulfamic acid or its salts and alcoiii dill
hol sulfate esters or softening agents based on alcohol sulfate esters toenhance their finish.
Example 3 Paper is treated by padding onto it an aqueagents containing sulfamic acid or its salts.
Example 4 19.3 parts by weight of cetyl alcohol are sulfated with 7.6 parts by weight of chlorosulfonic acid with agitation of the mass over a period of from 30 to 40 minutes with the temperature maintained between 55 C. and 65 C. The mass is then stirred for 4 or 5 minutes more to allow the reaction to come to an end. 60.3 parts by weight of 5.4% aqueous sodium hydroxide at 30 C. are then added to the reaction mass slowly during stirring. 20 parts by weight of ammonium sulfamate are then added, the temperature is raised to between 45 C. and C., and the mass is then stirred until it is homogeneous. The product is a homogeneous, white paste in appearance. It emulsifles readily in warm water with simple agitation.
The sulfation may be also carried out to obtain still less complete sulfation of the aliphatic alcohol in order to change the finishing effect of the product. Textiles, leather and paper may be treated with this product following the procedure of Examples 1, 2 and 3.
Example 5 19.3 parts by weight of stearyl alcohol and.12.8 parts by weight of refined petrolatum (M. P. range 40-50 C.; Iodine No. 10-20) are melted together and 7.6 parts by weight of chlorosulfonic acid (92% by theory on weight of stearyl alcohol) are added during agitation of the mass over a period of from 30 to 40 minutes with the temperature maintained between C. and 65 C. The mass is then stirred for 3 or 4 minutes to allow the reaction to come to an end. 60.3 parts by weight of 5.4% aqueous sodium hydroxide at 30 C. are added to the reaction mass slowly while stirring. 45 parts by weight of ammonium sulfamate are added. The temperature is brought to from 50 C. to C., and the mass is stirred until it is homogeneous.
The product is a homogeneous, white paste in appearance. It emulsifies readily in warm water with simple agitation and dilute emulsions even up to 5% will not separate after from 10 to 20 minutes boiling or even while cooling from the boiling point.
The fatty alcohol which is sulfated may also be 'lauryl, myristyl, cetyl, oleyl or mixtures of these alcohols. Mineral oil or parafiin wax or mixtures of these materials with petrolatum may be used instead of the. petrolatum.
Suifamic acid itself and other of its salts than those shown in the above examples may be used with somewhat less effective results in most cases. Suitable salts are the calcium, magnesium, triethanolamine, trimethyl amine, stearyl trimethyl ammonium, diethanol stearamide, etc. In the .claims we use the term sulfamate to cover sulfamic acid (hydrogen sulfamate) as well as its salts.
If a dry product is required, the sulfation product may be dried immediately after neutralization, and the dry product ground with the dry salt of sulfamic acid, or the finished product may be dried after addition of the salt of sulfamic acid and ground to a stable powder form. The product may also be dried in flake form on such apparatus as a drum drier. The products of Examples 4 and 5 may be applied to leather, paper or textiles at concentrations varying over a wide range but more particularly at concentrations varying from 0.05 to 5% in solution under the conditions illustrated in the first three examples.
The above description and examples are intended to be illustrative only and not to limit the scope of the invention. Any departure therefrom which conforms to the spirit of the invention is intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims.
We claim:
1. A process of imparting an improved softened finish to a fibrous material selected from the group consisting of textile fabrics, paper, and
leather which comprises applying to said matefrom 8 to 20 carbon atoms.
3. A textile finishing agent which is capable of imparting an improved softened finish to a textile fabric when it is applied thereto from an aqueous medium comprising a mixture of a sulfamate having the generalformula: HzNSOsX, wherein X is a substituent selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and a salt-forming radical, and a long chain alcohol sulfate ester salt containing 8 or more carbon atoms.
. 4. A textile finishing agent which is capable of imparting an improved softened finish to a textile fabric when it is applied thereto from an aqueous medium comprising a mixture of an ammonium or alkali metal sulfamate having the general formula: HzNSOaM, wherein M stands for alkali metal or ammonium, and a long chain alcohol sulfate ester salt containing from 8 to 20 carbon atoms.
HERBERT A. LUBS.
LUTHER B. ARNOLD, JR.
US215924A 1938-06-25 1938-06-25 Softening agent Expired - Lifetime US2183721A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US215924A US2183721A (en) 1938-06-25 1938-06-25 Softening agent

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US215924A US2183721A (en) 1938-06-25 1938-06-25 Softening agent

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2183721A true US2183721A (en) 1939-12-19

Family

ID=22804957

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US215924A Expired - Lifetime US2183721A (en) 1938-06-25 1938-06-25 Softening agent

Country Status (1)

Country Link
US (1) US2183721A (en)

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2277788A (en) Treatment of textiles and composition useful therefor
US2344671A (en) Higher molecular alcohols
GB477889A (en) Improvements in water-proofing textile materials
US2047069A (en) Amides
US2239974A (en) Detergent composition
US2052192A (en) Boric acid esters
US2178353A (en) High molecular weight tetravalent sulphur compounds and process for their production
US2381487A (en) Formation of fire-retardant and water-repellent finishes
US2316234A (en) Ester of sulphosuccinic acid
US2740759A (en) Preparation for treating textile fibers and yarns
US2246085A (en) Composition and process for softening leather, paper, and textile materials
US1914331A (en) Treatment of textile materials with aqueous liquids
US2183721A (en) Softening agent
US2159967A (en) Oxides of amino acids
US2139697A (en) Thiourea derivatives
US2040997A (en) Esters of boric acid
US2372985A (en) Compositions for treatment of fibrous materials
US2132348A (en) Higher molecular alcohols
US2231458A (en) Sized textile and method of sizing textiles
US2926062A (en) Water repellent compositions, products and processes for making same
US2139277A (en) Dialkyl cyclohexylamine salts of higher alkyl sulphates
GB420812A (en) Processes for the treatment of textile and other fibrous material
GB466817A (en) Improvements in the treatment of cellulosic material
US2270893A (en) Process of imparting hydrophobic properties to fibrous materials
US2576896A (en) Compositions of matter for producing a softening effect on textiles