US2182045A - Process of waterproofing fibrous material - Google Patents

Process of waterproofing fibrous material Download PDF

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Publication number
US2182045A
US2182045A US153293A US15329337A US2182045A US 2182045 A US2182045 A US 2182045A US 153293 A US153293 A US 153293A US 15329337 A US15329337 A US 15329337A US 2182045 A US2182045 A US 2182045A
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United States
Prior art keywords
leather
ammonia
waterproofing
soap
fibrous material
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Expired - Lifetime
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US153293A
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Edward B Bell
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Hall Labs LLC
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Hall Labs LLC
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Publication date
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Priority to US153293A priority Critical patent/US2182045A/en
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/184—Carboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
    • D06M13/188—Monocarboxylic acids; Anhydrides, halides or salts thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/68—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with phosphorus or compounds thereof, e.g. with chlorophosphonic acid or salts thereof
    • D06M11/72—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with phosphorus or compounds thereof, e.g. with chlorophosphonic acid or salts thereof with metaphosphoric acids or their salts; with polyphosphoric acids or their salts; with perphosphoric acids or their salts

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a process of waterproofing fibrous material, and more particularly to a process of waterproofing leather.
  • the invention is applicable to the waterproof- 5 ing of vegetable or animal fibers which in their raw or in their manufactured condition have the disadvantage of absorbing moisture.
  • such materials may be made substantiallytimpervious to water with freedom 10 from shrinking, cracking or change of color.
  • the following is a specific example of a process of Waterproofing leather according to the present invention.
  • the leather to be waterproofed is immersed in a solution of sodium hexametaphosphate, alum, soap and ammonia at a tempera- 25 ture of approximately 120 F. After soaking for a short time, the leather is removed and dried preferably at moderate temperature.
  • alum, sodium oleate, sodium hexameta- 30 phosphate and ammonia may be dissolved in 50 ml. of water:
  • the leather is soaked in this bath for several minutes at a temperature of 120 F., the solution squeezed out, and the leather dried at a moderate temperature.
  • the drying temperature should not be above that which will. harm the leather and may be any temperature higher than that which will cause evaporation of the ammonia.
  • the leather is waterproofed without afiecting its color, feel, odor or strength of the fiber.
  • the alum and sodium oleate react to form aluminum soap which is kept in solution-by the .5 combination of the ammonia and the sodium hexametaphosphate.
  • I may use salts of other metals, such as lead or tin or other amphoteric metals which do not form complexes with the ammonia or with other solvents which may be employed in place of ammonia.
  • the pre- 5 ferred metal used in forming the metallic soap is aluminum.
  • alkaline materials which are solvents for metallic soaps and which evaporate at temperatures which will not harm the leather or other fibrous material which is being waterproofed.
  • alkaline solvents for metallic soaps are triethanolamine or diethanolamine.
  • I may other suitable fatty acid soap.
  • I may employ other phosphates instead of sodium hexametaphosphate, commonly known as Grahams salt.
  • I may employ the alkali-metal pyrophosphates or tripolyphosphates, for example sodium pyrophosphate (NarPzOv) or sodium tripolyphosphate (NasPzOio).
  • the alkalimetal metaphosphates, tripolyphosphates and pyrophosphates may be considered as molecularly dehydrated phosphates since they may be formed from alkali-metal orthophosphates by dehydrating the orthophosphates so as to effect an atomic re-arrangement within the phosphate molecule.
  • molecularly dehydrated phosphates may be considered as derived from phosphoric acid containing less water than orthophosphoric acid.
  • molecularly dehydrated alkali-metal phosphate as used in the claims is intended to include the alkali-metal metaphosphates, tripolyphosphates or pyrophosphates. Any of these phosphates may be employed in conjunction with the ammonia or other solvent for dissolving the metallic soap.
  • Textile fibers such for example as wool, silk, cotton or linen, or paper fibers may be treated either before or after fabrication with the waterproofing solution and the solvent evaporated to impregnate the fibers with the metallic soap.
  • a process of waterproofing fibrous material which comprises treating it with a solution of a salt of an amphoteric metal, a water-soluble soap, an alkaline solvent for the metallic soap, said solvent evaporating at a temperature which will not harm the material being treated, and a molecularly dehydrated alkali-metal phosphate. and evaporating the solvent to deposit the metallic soap.
  • a process of Waterproofing fibrous material which comprises treating it with a solution of a salt of an amphoteric metal, a water-soluble soap, ammonia and Grahams salt, and evaporating the solvent to deposit the metallic soap.
  • a process of waterproofing fibrous material which comprises treating it with a solution of a salt of an amphoteric metal, a water-soluble soap, ammonia and an alkali-metal tripolyphosphate, and evaporating the solvent to deposit the metallic soap.
  • a process of waterproofing fibrous material which comprises treating it with a solution of an aluminum salt, a water-soluble soap, ammonia and a molecularly dehydrated alkali-metal phosphate, and evaporating the ammonia to deposit the metallic soap.
  • a process'of waterproofing leather which comprises treating it with a solution of a salt of an amphoteric metal, a water-soluble soap, ammonia and a molecularly dehydrated alkalimetal phosphate, and evaporating the ammonia to deposit the metallic soap.
  • a process of waterproofing leather which comprises treating it with a solution of an aluminum salt, a water-soluble soapgammonia and a molecularly dehydrated alkali-metal phosphate, and evaporating theammonia to deposit the me? tallic soap.
  • a process of waterproofing leather which water-soluble soap, ammonia and a molecularly dehydrated alkali-metal phosphate, and evaporating the ammonia to deposit the'metallic soap.

Description

Patented Dec. 5, 1939 PATENT OFFICE PROCESS OF WATERPROOFING FIBROUS MATERIAL I Edward B. Bell, Lowell, Mass., assignor to Hall tion of Pennsylvania Laboratories, Inc., Pittsburgh, Pa., a corpora- No Drawing. ApplicationJuly 12, 1937,
' Serial No. 153,293
10 Claims.
This invention relates to a process of waterproofing fibrous material, and more particularly to a process of waterproofing leather.
The invention is applicable to the waterproof- 5 ing of vegetable or animal fibers which in their raw or in their manufactured condition have the disadvantage of absorbing moisture. By the present invention, such materials may be made substantiallytimpervious to water with freedom 10 from shrinking, cracking or change of color. The
invention is particularly applicable to waterproofing leather fibers and will be described as applied to the treatment of leather, it being unr derstood, however, that it may be employed in treating other animal or vegetable fibrous material. Leather is especially susceptible to harm by contact with Water, resulting in cracking and shrinking of the leather. It also causes loss of color and strength in the leather.
20 The following is a specific example of a process of Waterproofing leather according to the present invention. The leather to be waterproofed is immersed in a solution of sodium hexametaphosphate, alum, soap and ammonia at a tempera- 25 ture of approximately 120 F. After soaking for a short time, the leather is removed and dried preferably at moderate temperature. For waterproofing 5 grams of leather the following quantities of alum, sodium oleate, sodium hexameta- 30 phosphate and ammonia may be dissolved in 50 ml. of water:
. Grams Alum. 0.053 Sodium oleate 2.750 [35 Sodium hexametaphosphate 2.500 Ammonia 2.500
The leather is soaked in this bath for several minutes at a temperature of 120 F., the solution squeezed out, and the leather dried at a moderate temperature. The drying temperature should not be above that which will. harm the leather and may be any temperature higher than that which will cause evaporation of the ammonia. As a result of this treatment, the leather is waterproofed without afiecting its color, feel, odor or strength of the fiber.
The alum and sodium oleate react to form aluminum soap which is kept in solution-by the .5 combination of the ammonia and the sodium hexametaphosphate. The leather which has been soaked in this solution, upon drying, liberates the ammonia which causes the deposition of aluminum soap throughout the fibers of the 5 leather.
Instead of employing alum, I may use salts of other metals, such as lead or tin or other amphoteric metals which do not form complexes with the ammonia or with other solvents which may be employed in place of ammonia. The pre- 5 ferred metal used in forming the metallic soap is aluminum.
In place of ammonia, I may use other alkaline materials which are solvents for metallic soaps and which evaporate at temperatures which will not harm the leather or other fibrous material which is being waterproofed. Examples of such other alkaline solvents for metallic soaps are triethanolamine or diethanolamine.
. In place of sodium oleate, I may other suitable fatty acid soap.
I may employ other phosphates instead of sodium hexametaphosphate, commonly known as Grahams salt. I may employ the alkali-metal pyrophosphates or tripolyphosphates, for example sodium pyrophosphate (NarPzOv) or sodium tripolyphosphate (NasPzOio). The alkalimetal metaphosphates, tripolyphosphates and pyrophosphates may be considered as molecularly dehydrated phosphates since they may be formed from alkali-metal orthophosphates by dehydrating the orthophosphates so as to effect an atomic re-arrangement within the phosphate molecule. These molecularly dehydrated phosphates may be considered as derived from phosphoric acid containing less water than orthophosphoric acid. The term molecularly dehydrated alkali-metal phosphate as used in the claims is intended to include the alkali-metal metaphosphates, tripolyphosphates or pyrophosphates. Any of these phosphates may be employed in conjunction with the ammonia or other solvent for dissolving the metallic soap.
Textile fibers, such for example as wool, silk, cotton or linen, or paper fibers may be treated either before or after fabrication with the waterproofing solution and the solvent evaporated to impregnate the fibers with the metallic soap.
employ any 15 The invention is not limited to the example given or to the specific materials mentioned, but may be otherwise embodied or practiced within the scope of the following claims.
I claim:
1. A process of waterproofing fibrous material, which comprises treating it with a solution of a salt of an amphoteric metal, a water-soluble soap, an alkaline solvent for the metallic soap, said solvent evaporating at a temperature which will not harm the material being treated, and a molecularly dehydrated alkali-metal phosphate. and evaporating the solvent to deposit the metallic soap.
2. A process of waterproofing fibrous material,
which comprises treating it with a solution of a salt of an amphoteric metal, a water-soluble soap, ammonia and Grahams salt, and evaporating the solvent to deposit the metallic soap. 5. A process of Waterproofing fibrous material, which comprises treating it with a solution of a salt of an amphoteric metal, a water-soluble soap, ammonia and an alkali-metal pyrophosphate, and evaporating the solvent to deposit the metallic soap.
6. A process of waterproofing fibrous material, which comprises treating it with a solution of a salt of an amphoteric metal, a water-soluble soap, ammonia and an alkali-metal tripolyphosphate, and evaporating the solvent to deposit the metallic soap.
7.- A process of waterproofing fibrous material, which comprises treating it with a solution of an aluminum salt, a water-soluble soap, ammonia and a molecularly dehydrated alkali-metal phosphate, and evaporating the ammonia to deposit the metallic soap.
8. A process'of waterproofing leather, which comprises treating it with a solution of a salt of an amphoteric metal, a water-soluble soap, ammonia and a molecularly dehydrated alkalimetal phosphate, and evaporating the ammonia to deposit the metallic soap.-
9. A process of waterproofing leather, which comprises treating it with a solution of an aluminum salt, a water-soluble soapgammonia and a molecularly dehydrated alkali-metal phosphate, and evaporating theammonia to deposit the me? tallic soap. j
10. A process of waterproofing leather, which water-soluble soap, ammonia and a molecularly dehydrated alkali-metal phosphate, and evaporating the ammonia to deposit the'metallic soap.
DWARD B. BELL.
comprises treating it with a solution'of alum,
US153293A 1937-07-12 1937-07-12 Process of waterproofing fibrous material Expired - Lifetime US2182045A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2564424A (en) * 1945-04-16 1951-08-14 Danielson Mfg Company Picker construction
US3052571A (en) * 1958-07-11 1962-09-04 Nopco Chem Co Method of waterproofing leather

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2564424A (en) * 1945-04-16 1951-08-14 Danielson Mfg Company Picker construction
US3052571A (en) * 1958-07-11 1962-09-04 Nopco Chem Co Method of waterproofing leather

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