US2179493A - Keyboard perforator and counter - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 14, 1939. L. R COOK ET AL KEYBOARD PERFORATOR AND COUNTER e Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Nov. 20, 1936 INVENTOR LEWIS R. COOK BY MAURUS T. GOETZ Jfifi ATTORNE NW mmm bmm Nov. 14, 1939. L. R. COOK ET AL KEYBOARD PERFORATQR AND COUNTER Filed Nov. 20, 1936 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR LEWIS R. COOK 2a m 9 L MAURUS T. GOETZ $476 W4 ATTORNEY Nov. 14,1939. 1.. R. cooK Er AL KEYBOARD PERFORATOR AND COUNTER Filed Nov. 20, 1936 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 mwn Fwm

INVENTOR LEWIS R. COOK BY MAURUS T. GOETZ ATTORN EY 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 L R. COOK ET AL KEYBOARD PERFORA'I'OR AND COUNTER Filed Nov. 20, 1936 Nov. 14, 1939.

Illlllllllllll l LEWIS R. COOK MAURUS T. GOETZ ATTORNE Patented Nov. 14, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Lewis B. Cook and Maurus T. Goetz, Chicago,

111., assignors, by mesne assignments, to Teletypesetter Corporation, a corporation of Delaware Application November 20, 1936, Serial Nb. 111,795

66 Claims.

The present invention relates to composing systems and apparatus therefor and particularly to machines for preparing a form for the automatic control of line composing and casting machines.

The principal object of the present invention is to provide a simple, reliable, and efiicient apparatus for apprising an operator during the preparation of a control form for the automatic control of composing machines, of the totalization of actual and exact dimensions of the matrices to be composed in the line of composition.

According to the exact-matrix-size method of measurement of the present invention, it is possible to measure matrix thicknesses in increments of .001" from .000" to .999", by employing a decimal method of counting character widths. Thus with complete accuracy, any existing matrix capable of being selected from a line casting machine magazine can be measured.

According to a feature of the present invention, full control of matrices from a plurality of magazines, for example, upper and lower main magazines and upper and lower side magazines of a mixer line casting machine may be efiected with the same high degree of accuracy.

To achieve the above and other objects of the invention, a keyboard perforator and counter is provided with a removably interchangeable keyboard. The keys of the keyboard are superimposed upon a corresponding series of keylevers which perform a dual function of controlling a permutation selector mechanism of a perforating mechanism, and which, through suitable linkage, are arranged to control counting code bar elements contained in removable code bar units. The elements of each code bar unit are arranged to control three sets of counting vanes representative of the tenths, hundredths, andthousandths decimal positions. The counting vanes control, in turn, three counting ratchets, one for each of the tenths, hundredths, and thousandths decimal positions; the three ratchets being so interconnected with ratchet mechanism and planetary gearing as to function as a differential accumulator. Movements of the counting ratchets occur simultaneously in response to the operation of a keylever, through the instrumentality of a selector mechanism comprising the afore-mentioned counting vanes and the removable and interchangeable code bar units. Each movement of the ratchet is accumulated so that the comlcined movement of the three ratchet mechanisms is imparted to a matrix pointer in a manner similar to that disclosed in Patent No. 2,059,250 granted November 3, 1936, to H. L. Krum which,

to the operator the totalizations of the thick-' nesses of the matrices in the line of composition being prepared on the perforated tape.

A feature of the present invention consists in adapting the keyboard perforator and counter for use in that form of typographical composition that is predicated on the unit system of matrix grouping for composing tabular matter, which requires that the operator be informed at all times whether or not the remaining unfilled portion of the column measure is an even multiple of ens; or expressed in a different way, whether or not the exact length of the unfilled portion of the line, measured in units (assuming that an 18-unit system is employed, in accordance with which an em represents 18 units of measurement and an en represents 9 units), is a multiple of nine units. If the remaining portion is not a multiple of ens, the units indicator provided according to the present invention will automatically indicate to the operator the number of units which must be added or subtracted to make the unfilled portion of the line a multiple of nine 'units or ens. 'The unit indicator is used in conjunction with the matrix pointer already'provided for exact measurement of matrices, to provide the precise indication required for tabular composition, and comprises a dial which is rotated in one direction by means of gearing meshed with a gear attached to the tenths ratchet of the differential accumulator, and a pointer movable in the opposite direction by means of gearing meshed with a gear attached to the hundredthsratchet of the differential accumulator. In this connection, the ratchet of the thousandths decimal position is not operated, due to the fact that it is not contemplated that the number o units assignedto an em in any unit system will exceed ninety-nine. Heretofore the em quad has been divided into as many as thirty-two units. However, the scope or range of the application of the unit indicator of the present invention is limited only by the extent to which two ratchet mechanisms may be operated; that is, ninety-nine units. The relati e positions of the dial and pointer at all times indicates to the operator the number of units to add or subtract from the remaining composition of the line to make the line fit a predetermined .column or tabular width. The unit indicator may also be employed for preparing straight matter as distinguished from tabular matter) in which event the operator composing the mater'according to the present invention resides in the provisionof a thousandths indicator to inform the operator, by means of dial indication,

as well as pointer indication, at any point within the line, the exact difierence in thousandths of an inch between the column measure and the cumulative set-wise thickness of the assembled matrices and minimum space band thickness,

or the exact cumulative set-wise thicknesses of the assembled matrices and minimum space band 15 thicknesses. Since the thousands indicator supplements but does not replace the matrix pointer of the three-pointer indicator method disclosed in the cited patent granted to H. L. Krum, it is required that the differential accumulator provided in the principal structure, and the thousandths indicator (designed as an attachment) be capable of simultaneous operation under control of the three counting ratchets'. The thousandths indicator provides dial accumulation of actual matrix sizes expressed in decimals and gives to the operator, for use in cases of marginal justiflcation, a more accurate reading than is possible with the pointer type of indicator.

A more comprehensive understanding of the present invention may be had from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompany g drawings, wherein like reference characters represent similar parts throughout the several views.

In the drawings,

Fig. 1 is a front elevational view of a perforator' and counter with parts broken away, showing the apparatus necesary for a clear understanding of the present invention; 40

tially on line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a fragmental sectional view illustrating the magazine shift mechanism;

Fig. 4 is a partial front elevational view of the 5 unit indicator;

' Fig. 5 is a fragmental sectional view taken on line55ofFig.4;

Fig. 6 is a partial top view of the diflferential accumulator illustrating the application of the 50 unit indicator thereto;

Fig. 7 is a front elevational View, with cover removed, of the dial reset mechanism of the thou-.

sandths indicator;

Fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken substan- 55 tially on line 8-0 of Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is a partial top view showing the application of the thousandths indicator to the difierential accumulator;

Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken approximately on the line lklll of Fig. 7; i

Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken approximately on the line lI-ll of Fig. 7;

Fig. 12 is an elevational view partly in section, illustrating the dial reset mechanism; 7

Fig. 13 is a sectional view taken on line '|3'l3 of Fig. 12;

Fig. 14 is a sectional view taken on line llll of Fig. 9; r

Fig. 15 is a partial cross-sectional view of a modification of the invention embracing a multiplicity of upper and lower magazines;

Fig. 16 is a linkage arrangement for controlling Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken substan- Fig. 17 is a modification of the counting ratchet feed mechanism, and

Fig. 18 is a view of the adjustable stop means for the counting vanes.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, the apparatus comprises a base 2| 2,083,570, the indicator dial has adjacent its' outer arcuate edge a scale or series of calibrations representative of a number of ems or picas in a line of maximum length, whichever unit is adopted as a unit oi measure. The matrix pointer 21 moves along this edge of the dial from left to right, towards a zero indication in response to the totalization of the matrix thicknesses by the counting mechanism including the diiierential accumulator 22. Thus the distance from the pointer 21 to zero indicates the amount of space left in the line to be filled with matrices, when the line contains no space bands.- However, when space bands are inserted in the line, the 'space remaining to be filled varies with the number of space bands inserted. So, to indicate the justifiability of the composed line, a pair of space band polnters 28 and 29 are provided, the distance between the pointers 28 and 29 indicating the amount of expansibility of the, space bands.

Since the distance from any operated position of pointer 29 to its zero or initial position represents the sum of the thin edges of all the space bands (whether one or more) in the line, and the distance from pointer 28. to the same initial or zero position represents the sum of the thickest ends of the space bands, it is manifest that the distance between the pointers 28 and 29 represents the diiierence between these sums, which is the amount of expansion, or expansibility, of the space bands contained'in the line. Therefore,

- the space left in the line to be filled when space bands are inserted, is represented by the distance between the matrix pointer 21 and any point between spaceband pointers 28 and 29. The diflferential or proportional movements of pointers 28 and 29 toward the left, as viewed in Fig. 1 (from the zero position) is fully set forth in Patent No.

2,083,608 granted June 15, 1937 to E. S. Larson,

which also discloses in detail the space band adusting mechanism 28 whereby the movements of the space band pointers 28 and 29 may be varied bands.

The base 2|, besides supporting the aforemenor adjusted for difierent types and sizes of space tioned mechanism, also supports at its front end a removable keytop' assembly, indicated generally at 33 (Fig. 2), and houses a series of keylevers 34, a plurality of code'bar units or counting magazines and 36, a plurality of groups of counting vanes 31. and a permutation selector mechanism, indicated generally at 38, for controlling the operation of a perforator, indicated generally at 33 slotted to receive a plurality of key rods 43.

which supports a differential accumulator assembly, a unit indicator, a thou- Plates 4| and 42 are riveted together at the right (Fig. 2) and are fastened at the rear to a vertical plate 44. Key rods 43 have keytops 45 and are prevented from being removed from the keytop assembly 33 by individual pins 46. The keytops 45 may, of course, be readily removable and 'replaceable as individual keytops, if desired. The keytop assembly 33 is carried at the rear on studs 41 adapted to engage slots in rear plate 44, and at the front on cross bar 48 of the base 2|. The studs 41 and 49 are provided to align properly the keytop assembly 33 with the plurality of keylevers 34. Keylevers 34 are pivoted on a common pivot rod 5| and are normally held in a horizontal position by individual springs 52 compressed between the keylevers 34 and a spring retaining bar 53. Each of the forward ends of the keylevers 34 has laterally disposed portions 54 to coact with its associated key rod 43.

The keylevers 34 extend over a plurality of pairs of code bars 55 and 56 included in the perforator selecting unit 38. The bars 55 and 56 of each pair are supported (Fig. 1) by a pair of T-shaped rocker arms 51 and '58 mounted on pivot rods 59 and 6| and having oppositely offset lugs 62 and 63 which uphold the code bars 55 and 56, respectively, of the corresponding pair of code bars. The rocker arms 51 and 58 of each pair of code bars are pivoted to and reciprocate a permutation bar 64 which is articulated to one of a 'series of levers 65, pivoted on a common pivot rod 66 carried in the perforating unit 39. To the upper end of each lever 65 i pivoted a punch interponent 6'I removably interposed between a punch hammer 68 and one of a corresponding series of punch elements 69. Punch elements 69 are carried in a punch assembly comprising guide plates II and I2 and die plate I3, each punch element 69 being surrounded by -a helical stripper spring I4. A- tape I5 passes between the plates I2 and I3. Punchhammer 68 is pivotally carried in the base 2| and is arranged to be operated by a cam on a main operatingcam sleeve 48 carried by the main shaft 32 in a manner described in Patent No. 2,059,258.

To effect the selective operation of interponents 61, each keylever 34 is arranged to depress one of the code bars 55 or 56 of each pair of code bars, and through the medium ofre'cker arms 51 and 58, lifts the other code bars either to advance or retract a corresponding permutation bar 64 to impart corresponding movement to the associated pivoted levers 65. The permutation bars 64 are set in characteristic combinations,

and for this purpose the code bars 55 and 56 are provided with notched upper edges, the bars of each pair being complements; that is, the high portions of one pair are opp site the low portions of the other bar of the same general pair. It is also noted that the permutation bars have no normal position and are moved back and forth by the keylevers.

Each of the keylevers 34 has pivoted thereto and extending vertically therefrom (Fig. 2), a pair of links I6 and 11 which are connected at their upper ends to levers I8 and I9, respectively. Levers I8 and I9 are rockably carried on rods 8| and 82, respectively, mounted in a magazine shift member 83 pivotally mounted at each end through .a pair of trunnions 84 (Fig. 1) journaled in a bearing plate 85 secured to the base portion 2|. The magazine shift member 83 is rockable to its counterclockwise and clockwise positions, respectively, bylinks 86 and 81 (Fig. 3) connected to the upper and lower magazine keylevers 88 and 89, respectively. When it is desired to rock the magazine shift member 83 to its counterclockwise position to bring levers I9 into position to'operate the bell cranks 9| (Fig, 2) of the upper magazine counting mechanism, keylever 88 is depressed, thereby operating link 86 which, through bracket 92 secured to member 83, imparts counterclockwise rotation to member 83 (Figs. 2 and 3), to rock the magazine shift member 83 to its counterclockwise position, whereat it is held against an adjustable eccentric screw 93 by the action of a spring actuated jockey lever 94 on a detent 95 aflixed to member 83. Again, when it is desired to rock the magazine shift member 83 back to its right-hand or clockwise position to bring levers I8 into cooperative relation with the bell cranks 96 associated with the lower magazine selector mechanism, the lower magazinekey rod 91 is depressed to cause the lower magazine keylever 89 to be operated, which will, in turn, cause link 81 to be drawn downwardly to impart, through bracket 98, clockwise movement to member 83 to rock member 83 against an eccentric adjusting screw 99 where it will be held by the jockey lever 94 acting on detent 95.

Bell cranks 9| and 96 (Fig. 2) are individual common spring I84 which tends to hold the horizontal arms of the bell cranks 9| and 96 against 'a common stop bar I85. As shown in Fig. 1,

case shift member I 8| is slidably mounted on pins I86 and I81 carried in the base 2|, and may assume either of two alternate positions under control of the shift keylever I88 and unshift keylever I89. When the shift keylever ,I88 is depressed by the actuation of its associated key rod it imparts, through'a link III, clockwise rotation to a lever II2 pivoted at H3 in base 2|. Lever II2, through a stud II4, rocks bell crank lever II5 pivoted at II6 counterclockwise, bringing lever I I5.to its position shown in Fig. 1 which, through its articulation with case shift member I8I, causes member IN to be shifted to its leftward position. Upon actuation of keylever I89 by its associated key rod, counterclockwise rotation is imparted through a link III to a lever II8 pivoted at 9 to impart, in turn, through stud I2I, clockwise rotation to a lever I22 pivoted at I23. Lever I22 is articulated to case shift member I8I and is provided with an extension I24 terminating in a detent to cooperate with a spring actuated detent member I25. Theolockwise rotation of lever I22 about pivot I23, as previously described, will impart rightward movement to case shift member IIII upon its pins I86 and-I81. Member |8I is retained in its rightward or leftward position by the detent member I25.

Bell crank levers 9| and 96. (Fig. 2) are arranged to act upon counting elements I26 carried in counting magazines 35 and 36. Counting magazine 35 is slidable on guide rails I21 and I28 and counting magazine 36 is slidable on guide rails I29 and I3I, so as to render counting magazines 35 and 36 removably interchangeable in base 2|, in accordance with the font of type or magazine for which the perforated tape is to be prepared and in a manner disclosed in copending application Serial No. 582,742,. filed December 23, 1931, by L. M. Potts and Patent No. 2,030,424, granted May18, 1937, to E. S. Larson et al. The counting magazines are provided with slots to receive the'counting elements I26, which are spaced at substantially one-half the keylever spacing (Fig. 1), so that two sets of three counting elements can be provided for each keylever, the case shift member IOI, as previously mentioned, beingshiftable to bring bell crank levers SI and 96 into operative alignment with one or the other of the sets of counting elements of each pair of sets allotted to each keylever'. To compensate for shifting of bell cranks 9I and .96, the latter are provided at the free ends of their horizontal armswith broadened surfaces I32 and I33, respectively. In this manner, levers 19' and 18 will be operative on their respective bell cranks jection I34 arranged to be positionable under a retaining plate I35. When the three elements .I26 forming one complete set of counting elements are'installed, a locking bar I36 is inserted and the elements I26 are thereby locked in position so that they cannot fall out of the counting magazine during handling or installation. To effect their removal, the locking bar I36 is re,- moved and the elements I26 are shifted toward the right whereupon they may be lifted out. Each one of the counting elements I26 has a vertical projection I31 corresponding to its value in each decimal position.

Arranged above each counting. magazine 35 and 36 are threegroups of counting yanes, each group comprising nine vanes representative of each of the digital positions to 8, the digital positions being counted from the right toward the left as viewed in Fig. 2, the right-hand vane in each group representing zero (0). The counting 31 has secured thereto near its left-hand end (Fig.

vanes 31 extend across the entire width of the apparatus transversely of the keylevers and counting elements I26, the ends thereof having the conformation shown in Fig. 1, whereby each end has a laterally disposed portion I38 (Fig. 2) having journaled pivotal studs. In this manner the vanes 31 depend from their pivots and are swingable by the vertical projections I31 on the counting elements I 26. Each of the vanes l), a right-angledbracket I39. The brackets I39 group.

are arranged in stepped or diagonal manner across each group of nine vanes, the forward or leftmost bracket, as viewed in Fig. 1, being secured to the forward or zero vane 31 in each brackets I39 (Fig. 2) is provided'near its extremity with an aperture through which passes a vertical connecting red I which carries adjacent the horizontal arm of each bracket I39 an adjustable nut 142 with its associated lock nut. When a vane 31 is rotated clockwise by a projection' I31 upon leftward movement of a. counting element I26, rod I will be actuated downwardly. Although a singlerod MI is associated with a bracket I39 and vane 31 in each vertical group of vanes, nevertheless, through the interconnection shown, the operation of one The horizontal. arm of each of the respective depending arms of a series of stop bars I46 mounted on pivot rod I41. The stop bars I46 are biased in a clockwise, direction to their unoperated position by individual springs I48 against the bottom of the notches of a guide comb I49 fixed to base 2i. This action of spring I48 serves, through link I45, to hold bell crank I43 in its counterclockwise position, and thereby,

through rod MI and brackets I39, to maintain the vanes 31 in their counterclockwise position against the wards or projections I60 on an adjustable stop bar I10 (as shown in Fig. 18) to return the counting elements I26 to their rightward position. The stop bar I10 is adjustably mounted by clamp screws 480 (shown in section) and is provided for the purpose of obtaining an accurately located fixed back stop for each vane 31. A corresponding series of stop bars II and I52 is provided for. the hundredths and thousandths decimal positions, respectively. Thus, a series of nine stop bars is associated with each group of nine counting va-nes.

From the foregoing description, a key rod 43 acts through keylever 34 to move links 16 and 11 downwardly, which movement is imparted through levers 18 or 19 to bell cranks 9i or 96, depending upon which of the lever 18 or 19 is in cooperative engagement with its respective bell crank lever 9| or 96 as determined (by the clockwise or counter-clockwise position of the magazine shift member 83. Since both links 16 and. 11 associated with a keylever 34 are operated simultaneously, levers 18 and 19 are similarly operated, but if the member 83 is in the position shown in Fig. 2, lever 18 only will be operative upon its associated bell crank lever 96 to impart clockwise rotation to lever 96, which, in turn, causes the counting elements l26 associated therewith to be moved leftwardly. The latter movement of counting elements I26 will, through their vertical projections I31, actuate one vane 31 in each group of vanes to impart downward movement to the rod-I4I operatively associated with the actuated vane, and to rotate in turn, through bell crank I43 and link I45, stop bar I46, I5I, or I52 corresponding thereto, counterclockwise against the action of its retractile spring into the path of a ratchet feed lever I53, I54, and/or I55.

Counting ratchet feed mechanism thousandths position, a secondcounting ratchet with its associated differential unit is provided for the hundredths position, and a-third. counting ratchet with its associated differential unit is provided for the tenths position. Each counting ratchet may be variably fed from one to nine .t'eeth under the control of the nine stop bars I46,

I5I, or I52 of each group which are selectably moved under the control of the key rods 43 into the path of the counting ratchet feed lever by the vidual 'stop bar for each digit from 0 to 8 inclusive, but that there is no stop bar for digit 9, since this position of the feed lever I53, I54,

or I55 'is controlled by a fixed stop I56 which forms a part of the guide casting I49. Accordingly, there is no stop bar and no controlling vane 31 provided for a 9 selection.

In the present embodiment, the ratchet feed levers I53, I54, and I55 are pivotally mounted on the hubs of their respective counting ratchet wheels I51, I58, and 159. feed levers has a vertically extending arm I6I :(Fig. 1) at the extremity of which is carried a pawl member I62 biased by a spring I63 into engagement with the peripheral teeth of its associ ated counting ratchet wheel. Simultaneously with the selection of a stop bar I46, I5I, or I52, as previously described, by the operation of a keylever 34, the key1ever-34 operates a universal bar I64 (Fig. 2) which, in a manner similar to thatdisclosed in Patent No. 2,059,250, trips a clutch which initiates the rotation of the main operating cam sleeve 40 carried by the main shaft 32 and driven therefrom through one cycle of operation for each tripping of the clutch by power transmitted to'shaft 32 by a motor (not shown).

The main operating cam sleeve 40 mounted on main shaft 32 carries cams for operating the counting ratchet feed mechanisms, a cam I65 (Fig. 1) being provided for each of the three deci mal groups. Cams I65 have two similar cam con- -tours such that for each one-half revolution of the cam sleeve 46, which is driven by a half revolution clutch, a cycle of operation is completed. Coacting with cam I65 is a follower roller I66 carried at the extremity of the horizontal arm of a bell crank lever I61 pivoted at I68 to guide bracket I49. Fixed to the extremity of the vertical arm of lever I61 is a stud I69 adapted to operate in a slot "I in a slide member I12. As cam I 65 rotates one-half revolution, bell crank I61 is oscillated and motion is communicated therefrom to slide I12 through a spring I13 tensioned between stud I69 and a pin I14 on slide I12. Spring I13 thus provides a yielding interconnection between slide I12 and bell crank lever I61. The left end of slide I12 also has a slot by which slide I12 is carried on a stud I15.

Carried on slide I 12 intermediate pin I14 and stud I15 is a roller I16 arranged to coact with the ratchet feed lever I53 (or I54 or I55). When a stop bar I46 is selected upon the actuation of a key rod 43 and the rotation of cam I65 is initiated,

tion to bring roller I16 into engagement with ratchet feed lever I53, whereby lever I53 is rotated counterclockwise to carry its depending arm toward the right against the action of retractile spring I11 until the cam surface at the lower end of lever I53 strikes the selected stop bar I46. Further motion of slide I12 by lever I61 is prevented, but through the yielding connection therebetween; namely, spring I13, stud I69 moves in slot III, thus tending to stretch spring I13. As ratchet feed lever I53 is rotated in'a counterclockwise direction, pawl I62 (Fig. 1) rides over a number of teeth on ratchet I51 corresponding to the angular distance through which lever I53 is permitted to move by the selected stop bar; that is, pawl I62 moves a distance of one tooth for each spatial distance between stop bars I46.

During the final portion of the cyle of cam I65, spring I11 becomes effective to retLrn ratchet feed lever I53 to its clockwise or leftward position against eccentric adjusting screw I18 carried on bracket I49. Spring I 11 also, through Each of the ratchet lever I53 and roller I16, tends to return slide I12 and (throughjspring I13) lever I61 to their normal leftward position shown in Fig. 1. If ratchet feed pawl I53 is permitted to move a distance representative of nine units, cam surface I88 thereon will strike against fixed stop I56, and lever I53 will thereby assume the dotted line position shown in'Fig. 1. As ratchet feed lever I53 is thus returned by spring I11 in a clockwise direction against its stop I18, pawl I62 becomes eifective to rotate ratchet I51 in a clockwise direction, which is imparted to shaft I19 as will hereinafter appear. A spring actuated detent lever I8I holds ratchet I51'againstbackslipping'. j

It will be observed that stop bars I46 and I5I and I52 are evenly spaced in a straight line arrangement and that the cam surfaces I onthe lower end of ratchet feed levers I 53, I54, and I55 Dz'fierential accumulator mechanism Mounted on base 2| is the differential accumu-' lator mechanism 22, which is controlled by the three counting ratchet feed mechanisms including the ratchet feed levers I53, I54, and I55, and their associated ratchet wheels I51, I58, and I59, respectively. As shown, there is a counting ratchet feed mechanism associated with each of the groups of counting vanes and stop bars controlled thereby for counting in the tenths, hundredths, and thousandths decimal positions. It is understood that stop bars I46, I5I, an'd/or I52 are selected simultaneously to effect the simultaneous operation of the counting ratchet feed mechanisms, but for purposes of simplifying the description, these operations will be described separately beginning with the thousandths ratchet feed mechanism, followed by the hundredths and finally the tenths counting mechanisms. Rotation of the thousandths ratchet I59 is suitably com- .bined with rotation of the hundredths ratchet I58, by means of the differential mechanism associated with the hundredths ratchet I58. The resulting motion is then combined with the motion produced by the tenths ratchet I51, by means of a differential mechanism associated with the tenths counting ratchet to produce a total angular rotation of shaft I 19 which is exactly proportional to the decimal value of the matrix thickness being counted. In the present embodiment the gear ratios are so designed that shaft I 19 will be moved .075 by the motion of one tooth on the thousandths'ratchet I59, .75" by the motion of one tooth on the hundredths ratchet I58, and 75 by the motion of one tooth on the tenths ratchet I51. If all three ratchets are fed simultaneously one tooth, the resulting angular motion will be the sum of the three aforementioned angular motions or 8.325". The decimal relation between the three ratchet mechanisms is corollary to the use of a decimal counting system. The direction of gear rotation is indicated in Fig. 2' in a conventional manner by a dot and dash system; that is, a dot indicates motion toward the observer, and a dash indicates motion away from the observer.

Journaled in bushings I82 and I 83 carried in Bushing I82 is clamped to bracket I84 by lock nuts I81. The aforementioned ratchet wheel I59 associated with the thousandths counting ratchet feed mechanism is fixed to shaft I86 through set screw I88, and carried on the hub portion I89 of ratchet wheel I59 is the ratchet feed lever I55. The rotation of ratchet I59 as imparted to it by ratchet feed lever I55 is such that the lower portion approaches the observer as indicated conventionally by a dot. The ratchet feed lever I55 is held on hub I89 by a washer I9I which, in turn, is held against the shoulder of hub I89 by a nut I92 fitted on, the threaded portion of said hub. Axial movement of shaft I86 is prevented by the abutment ofhub I89 against bushing I82 and a collar I 93 fixed to shaft I86 adjacent bushing I83. Fixed to shaft I86. adjacent bracket I85 and to the right thereof (as viewed in Fig. 2), is a gear I94 which isarranged to mesh with an idler gear I95 carried on a stud I96 secured to bracket I85. 20 Idler gear I95 in turn meshes with an internal gear I91 carried on studs I98 aflixed to a disc I99 integral with a sleeve 28I. Sleeve 28I is fixedly carried on a further sleeve 282 -by means of a screw 283. Sleeve 282 is carried at its left-hand end on an extension of shaft 186, which thus forms a bearing for one end of said sleeve, the other end of which is carried on a leftward extending portion of a shaft 284. The hundredths counting ratchet I58 is carried on sleeve 282 adjacent sleeve 28I, a washer 285 being interposed between the hub portion of ratchet I58 and the sleeve 28I to hold ratchet feed lever I54 on said: hub portion. In this manner, ratchet I58 is loosely mounted for rotation on sleeve 282 and ratchet feed lever I54 is, in turn, loosely mounted for rotatlon on the hub of ratchet I58.

Sleeve 282 terminates at its rightward end in a gear 286 which meshes with a pair of planetary gears 281 and 288 carried on ratchet wheel I58 turn, mesh with an internal gear 2 carried by studs 2I2 on a disc 2I3 aflixed through its hub portion to shaft 284. Shaft 284 is journaled in a bushing 2I4 carried in a bracket 2I5 mounted on the base 2 I. Shaft 284 extends rightwardly from bracket 2I5 and has affixed thereon adjacent bushing 2 I4 a gear 2 I 6 which meshes with an idler gear 2I1 carried on a stud 2I8' aflixed to bracket 2I5. Idler gear 2I1, in turn, meshes with an internal gear 2I9 supported by studs 221 on a disc 222 integral with a sleeve 223. Sleeve 223 is mounted on and secured to, by means of a screw 224, a sleeve 225 carried at its left end on the rightwardly extending portion of shaft 284. The right end of sleeve 225 is carried on a shaft I19 journaled in a bushing 221 in a bracket 228 mounted on the base 2|. To the right end of shaft I1'9 adjacent bracket 228 is fixed a beveled gear 229. The counting ratchet wheel I51 is loosely mounted on sleeve 225 and has a hub portion 23I on which is supported the ratchet feed lever I53; Lever I53 is held on hub 231 by a washer 232 interposed between sleeve 223 and hub 23I. Sleeve 225 terminates at its right end in a gear portion 238 which meshes with apair of planetary gears 234 and 235 carriedon ratchet wheel I51 of studs 236. Planetary gears 234 and 235, in turn, mesh with an internal gear 231- held by means of studs 238:0n a disc 239 which is affixed through its integral hub portion to shaft I19. In counting a three-digit matrix thicknessione of the stop-bars I52 in the thousandths counting position is moved into the pathof ratchet feed lever I55 so that the ratchet feed lever will be 75 arrested by engagement of cam shaped end I89 shaft 32.

by studs 289. Planetary gears 281 and 288, in

disc 222.

of the ratchet feed lever with stoppin surface 2 of. the selected stop bar I52. Locking bail 242 pivoted at 243 is held clear of projections 244 of stop bars I52 by a cam (not shown) carried by the main-operating cam sleeve mounted on main Other locln'ng bails 241 and 249 are similarly supported adjacent to stop bars I5I and I46, respectively. When rotation of the main operating cam sleeve is initiated by operation of universal bail I64, locking bails 242, 241, and 249 are lowered by their operating cams into blocking relation to stop lever projections 244, with the projections of unoperated stop bars I46, I5I, and.

I52 disposed at the right of the locking blades of bails 249, 241, and 2, respectively, and the projections of operated stop bars disposed at the left gear 286 similar to disc I99. Through planetary gears 281 and 288, gear 286 rotates internal gear 2 thus imparting rotation to gear 2 thus imparting rotation to gear 2 and disc 2I3 in a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of gear 285. Such rotation of disc 2I3 causes like rotation of shaft 284. Simultaneously with the operation just described, one of the stop bars I5! in the hundredths counting position has also been selected and has been maintained in its operated position by locking bail 241 in a manner similar to bail 242. correspondingly, ratchet feed lever I54 oscillates until its camend I88 strikes the selected stop lever I5I, and on its beingretractedby its spring 248 (similar to spring I11, Fig. 1),

a rotational motion is given to ratchet I 58 in a direction indicated by the conventional sign, which is similar to that imparted to ratchet I59 and, throughthe differential gearing between ratchet I59 and disc 2I3, to said disc 2I3. Accordingly, the motion of ratchet I58 is added to the motion already communicated to disc 2I3 and hence the combined motions are imparted, through disc 2I3, to shaft 284. In other words, the rotation transmitted to shaft 284 is the combined rotation governed by the thousandths and hundredths counting mechanisms.

This combined rotation communicated to shaft 284, is, in turn, transmitted to gear 2I6, and through idler 2" to internal gear 2I9,'and hence The'direction of rotation imparted-to disc 222 is opposite to that given to shaft 284. The rotation of disc 222 is transferred through sleeve 225 to gear '233, which rotation is imparted through planetary gears 284 and 235 to internal gear 231, arid hence disc 239, giving to disc 239- a rotation in a direction opposite to that imparted to sc 222.. This rotation of (Use 239 is commun cated to shaft I19. Thus, as so far described, the i'otation of. shaft I19 isproportional to the combined rotations of ratchets I58 and I59.

In the same manner aspreviouslydescribed selected, imparts a rotation'to-ratchet wheel I 51 similar to that given to ratchet wheels I58 and I59 over an extent determined by the stop bar selected. This rotation is the same as that already commuriicated to disc 239 just described, and hence through planetary gears 234 and 235, additional rotation in the same direction is imparted to disc 239 in such a manner as to superadd the rotation of" ratchet I51 'to that of disc 239, which combined rotation is transmitted to shaft I19. Thus, the rotation of the tenths ratchet I51 is combined with the rotations of the hundredths ratchet I58 and the thousandths ratchet I59 to produce a totalized rotation of gear 229.

As previously described, beveled gear 229 moves varying angular distances according to the particular key operated. Each angular distance is directly proportional to the decimal value of the matrix thickness being counted. Rotation of beveled gear 229- is communicated to a beveled gear 25I meshed therewith and fixed to a shaft 252 appropriately journaled in brackets (not shown) mounted on the base 2I. As shown in Fig. 1, shaft 252 carries on its right, end a spur gear 253 which meshes with a spur gear 254 fixed to shaft 255 also suitably journaled in brackets (not shown) mounted on the base 2I. A worm (not shown) is aflixed to the right-hand end of shaft 255, in a manner clearly set forth in Patent No. 2,058,250, which worm meshes with a worm wheel 256 associated with the counting clutch 3I, thus completing a gear train between the differential accumulator mechanism 22 and counting clutch 3 I.

The foregoing description relates to a keyboard perforator and counter which is capable of count ing exact thicknesses of matrices contained in a line of composed matrices measured to the thousandths of an inch. However, the device so far described is not limited to the exact-matrix size method of totalization, but may readily be employed for counting any unit font with complete accuracy, on a unit basis. Instead of arranging the counting elements I26 of counting magazines or code bar units or 36 in such a manner as to govern the differential accumulator 22 according to the tenths, hundredths, and thousandths decimal positions, the counting elements I26 may be arranged to govern only the tenths and hundredths ratchet mechanisms, the thousandths position being controlled only by 0 counting elements. With this arrangement, it is apparent that the differential accumulator 22 will act to count units from one to ninety-nine. However, it is customary, in employing the unit system of counting, to divide an em space or quad on a basis of eighteen units and to assign each matrix of a font to a certain one of eighteen groups. Due to the fact that unit counts from one to ninety-nine may readily be obtained, the device according to the present invention thus extends the scope of counting operations possible by the device disclosed in U. ,8. Patent No. 2,043,231, granted June 9, 1936, to S. Bracken et al. The latter device is capable of counting units from five to thirty-two units.

Unit indicator The capability of the device just described to totalize matrices according to the unit system lends itself readily for use in connection with the composition of tabular matter. Accordingly, there is disclosed in Figs. 4, 5, and 6, an embodiment of the present invention consisting of indicator 23 for tabular composition assumes that any thickness assigned to the space band, within its operating range, will be counted in the same manner as matrices; that is, by counting code elements I26. For tabular work using the unit indicator, pointers 28 and 29 are not employed, and to prevent their motion, the structure indicated generally as 26, is rendered ineffective.

To adapt the unit indicator 23 to the principal structure of the keyboard perforator and counter of the present invention, an additional.

gear is supplied to the tenths and hundredths ratchet mechanisms to control the operation of gears carried on the unit indicator shaft 265, as

shown in Fig. 6. In Fig. 1 is shown a fragmental portion of the unit indicator 23 to'indicate its relative position with respect to the differential accumulator 22 when the unit indicator is employed. In referring to the modification of the differential accumulator shown in'Fig. 6, the same reference characters will be employed to designate similar parts that are shown in Fig. 2. The differential accumulator shaft 204 associated with the hundredths ratchet mechanism is shown as carrying the ratchet wheel I58, on the hub of which is mounted the ratchet feed lever I54, carrying pawl I60. Fixed to ratchet wheel I58 on studs 251 is a gear 258 which carries on studs 259 a pair of planetary gears (not shown) comparable to the planetary gears 201 and 208, shown in Fig. 2 which, in turn, mesh with internal gear 2 carried on studs 2I2 by disc 2| 3. Shaft 204 is .journaled in bracket 2I5, as described in the principal embodiment, and extends rightwardly to form a support for internal gear 2I9 and disc 222. Ratchet wheel I51 in the tenths position is shown in the same relative location as in Fig. 2, and carries the ratchet feed lever I53 mounted on its hub. To ratchet wheel I51 is fixed, by means of studs 26I, a gear 262 which carries on studs 263 a pair of planetary gears 264 comparable to gears 234 and 235 shown in Fig. 2. The latter gears mesh with internal gear 231, which is carried on studs 239 by disc 239. To the right end of shaft I19, journaled -in bracket 228, is the beveled gear 229 which meshes with the beveled gear 25I fixed to shaft 252, which, through the gear train disclosed in Fig. l, transmits the combined actuations of the tenths and hundredths positions of the diiferential accumulator to matrix pointer 21 which, as previously mentioned, moves across a keyboard em scale to indicate to the operator the amount of space left in a line of composition, in a manner well known in the prior art and exemplified by the above mentioned patent.

The unit indicator 23, according to the modified form of the invention, comprises the aforementioned shaft 265 journaled in bushings 266 and 261, in brackets 268 and 269, respectively, mounted on base 2 I. To the left end of shaft 265 is fixed a gear 21I which meshes with gear 258' er 212 of the unit indicator. Loosely mounted on shaft 265 adjacent bushing 261 is a gear 213 which meshes with an idler gear 214 carried on stud 215 amxed 'to bracket 269. Idler gear 214,

in turn, meshes with the gear 262 added to the tenths ratchet mechanism for controlling the movement of dial 216 of the unit indicator. Gear 213 is integral with a sleeve 211 which, as shown in Figs, and 6, has a flange218. Also carried on shaft 265 and having a slot and key connection with sleeve 211 is a sleeve 219. Integral with sleeve 219 adjacent the right end thereof (Fig. 5), is a flange 28I to which dial 216 is riveted.

Slidable on sleeve 219 isv a sleeve 282 having otally connected to lever 286 is a link 292 which presently appear.

cooperates with a cam '218 carried on the reset or matrix pointer return sleeve 392 (Fig. 9) carried at the rear of the main shaft 32, and which functions upon the operation of the pointer return key to actuate, through lever arm 288, lever 286 (Fig. 5) rightwardly for a purpose which will To flange 284 is riveted a disc 293 carrying a pair of diametrically disposed pins 294 and 295, so located that they engage and partially extend through one pair of nine pairs of holes 296 (Fig, 4) in the dial 216.

The right end of shaft 265 is journaled in bushing 291 carried in bracket 298, and positioned between bushing 291 and the right end of sleeve 219 is a sleeve member 299 having an integral flange 3! at one end, and fixed to the other end of sleeve 299 is acollar 382. Sleeve 299 carries the pointer 212 which is arranged between flange 38I and a disc 383. Pointer 212 is frictionally held petween flange 38I and a disc 383 by a hellcal compression spring 384. Sleeve 299 is fixed to shaft 265 by a set screw 385, which also serves to attach collar 382 to sleeve 299. Thus it is observed, from Fig. 5, that pointer 212 is rotatable with shaft 265 through the medium of sleeve 299, and that dial 216 is rotatable with sleeve 219. A quick and simple manual method for engaging pins 294 and 295 with the holes 296 in align- .ment with the unit value to which the pointer must be restored during the pointer return operation, as will hereinafter appear, is also provided as shown in Figs. 4 and 5. This feature comprises a knurled knob 386 flxed to a shaft 381 which is slidably and rotatably mounted on a 295 with a certain desired pair of holes 296 in dial 216, the shaft 381 is, by means ofknurled knob 386, urged leftwardly until the facing-312 which has been added to the hundredths ratchet mechanism for the purpose ofcontrolling pointe mechanisms of the differential accumulator not only govern the rotation of shaft 252 and hence the movement of matrix pointer 21, but also, through gears 258 and 262, control the rotation of pointer 212 and dial 216 in opposite directions. The purpose of moving the dial and pointer in opposite directions is to convert a decimal system into an eighteen-unit system.

The objectpf a unit indicator is to advise the operator, at any time within the composition of the line, whether or not the remaining unfilled portion of the column measure is an even multiple of ens (which is equivalent to one-half em or nine units), or, expressed in a difl'erent way, whether or not the exact length of the unfilled portion of the line, measured in units, is a multiple of nine units. When the pointer 212 is opposite a "0 graduation on dial 216, a condition obtains wherein the unfilled portion of the line is a multiple of nine units, which condition is known in the typographical art as being onthe wheel. If the pointer indication is +1 the operator is then advised that the composition is one unit oifthe wheel (add) and to get on the wheel it is necessary to add one unit, which would be accomplished by using a ten unit space or leader instead of the usual nine or eighteen unit space or leader the next time one is required in the line. Similarly, +2, +3, and +4 advise the operator to add two, three, or four units, respectively, in order to get on the wheel.

If the pointer 212 indicates 1" the operator is thereby advised that the composition is one unit ofi the wheel (subtract) and to get on the wheel" it is necessary to subtract one unit, which could be accomplished by using an eight-unit space or leaderinstead of the usual nine unit, or eighteen unit space or leader the next time one is required. Similarly, .-2, -3, and 4 advise the operatorto subtract two, three, or four units, respectively, in order to get on the wheel. It will be noted that the dial moves only when the tenths ratchet is operated, and then it moves in a direction oppositeto. that of the-pointer. This, as previously indicated, is necessary in order to convert a decimal system, based on multiples of ten, to an eighteen-unit system, based on multiples of nine. .Thus, starting from a zero position of the pointer with respect to the dial, the nine-unit count is accomplished by the hundredths ratchet I58 advancing nine teeth and thus through gear 258 rotating the pointer 212 counterclockwise (as vieweduin Fig. 4) through an angular distance of 180, while the tenths ratchet I51 is unoperated so that the dial remains stationary, resulting in a motion of the pointer, relative to the dial, of 188, or another zero reading. 7

Starting from a zeroposition of the pointer 212 with respect to the dial 216, an eighteen-unit 1 I58 advancing eight teeth, and thus rotating the pointer 212 counterclockwise through an angular countjsaccomplished by the hundredths ratchet distance of 160, while the tenths ratchet I51 is advancing one tooth to rotate the dial 216 clockwise through an angular distance of 20 resulting in a net motion of the pointer, relative to the dial, of 180, or another zero reading. In the same manner it may be shown that for any multiple of nine units up to and including ninety-nine units, the net angular motion of the pointer relative to the dial, is 180". l

A counting value which is not a multiple of nine units, for instance seventeen units, will now be considered. Starting from a zero position of the pointer with respect to the dial, a seventeenunit count (as well as 26, 35, 44, 53, 62, '71, 80, 89,

and 98) would result in the pointer 212 being moved, by the actuation of ratchet I58 through an angular distance of seven teeth, counterclockwise throughan angular distance of 140, while the dial would be moved clockwise, by the operation of ratchet I51 one tooth, through an angular distance of 20, resulting in a net motion of the pointer 212, relative to the dial 216, of 160, or a dial reading of +1, which is indicative of the fact that the composition is one unit of! the wheel (add) which is as expected (since one unit must be added to get on the wheel). Similarly, starting from zero, a nineteen-unit counting value (as well as 28, 37, 46, 55, 64, 73, 82 or 91 unit counting values) would result in a net angular motion of the pointer, relative to the dial, of 200, or a dial reading of l, which is indicative of the fact that the composition is one unit 011 the wheel (subtract). For a ten-count or a one-unit count, the -1 reading would be effected by a 20 relative angular movement between dial 216 and pointer 212. During this operation, the pointer 212 remains stationary, motion being imparted only to the dial. a

At the end of each line, the return key is actuated in the usual manner, and the unit indicator is returned to its zero position automatically in the following manner:

Dial 216 is provided with holes 296, one for each graduation, and two stop pins 294 and 295 pass through two diametrically opposite holes 296 from the rear of the dial. As previously described, the two stop pins are mounted on a stop disc 293 to the rear of and concentric with the dial 216. When in normal position for counting character widths, these stop pins 294 and 295 extend through the holes 296 in the dial 216, but not far enough to interfere with the motion of the pointer 212. The stop disc 293 and pins 294 and 295 are held in this normal position against the compression of Spring 285 by the return lever 286 which is held against a fixed stop 299 by a spring 29l. 4 Upon actuation of the return" key, the return. lever 286 is pushed forward (toward the right as viewed in Fig. 5) against the tension of spring 291 by the cam 210, thus permitting the stop disc 293 to be moved forward by the compression spring 285, moving the stop pins 294 and 295 into the path of the pointer 212; the timing on the cam 210 being such that this action occurs before the pointer 212 can be moved by the counting mechanism or differential accumulator and continues in action at least until all parts are restored. Then, since the return keylever has corresponding counting elements I26 associated with it for accomplishing a nine-unit indication in the removable counting magazine 35 or 36, the pointer friction discs 30l and 303 are moved an angular distance of nine dial divisions or 180 by the gear 58 at a hed to the hundredths ratchet I58, and the pointer 212 is moved only until it is stopped against the stop - pins 294 and 295. In this condition, the unit indicator is in its zero position ready to start a new line,

If the unit indicator herein disclosed is applied to any other system of unit indication where the em has a value other than eighteen units, it would still be the practice to have the return 'key count nine units. However, for systems where the em has a unit count greater than eighteen units, it would be necessary to actuate the "return key more than once at the-end of each line. Thus, where one em equals eighteen units or less, it is only necessary to strike the return key (which controls a nine-unit movement) once at the end of each line. But where one em has a unit count more than eighteen units, up to and including thirty-six units, it is necessary to actuate the returnkey (nine units) twice at the end of each line; and three times for values over thirty-six units up to and including fifty-four units, etc. An alternative method which may be used with an em space of 36 units or less would be to equip the return key with a 99-unit count, and thus effect the proper resetting of the unit indicator by a single actuation of the return key.

Referring again to the condition where one em equals 18 units, a full column measure, as

indicated by the position of matrix pointer 21 against its stop; as is disclosed in Patent No. 2,059,250, may not be an even multiple of nine units or ens, but may equal a certain number of ens plus a certain number (less than nine) of units. In such cases, the unit'indicator would not start each line on the wheel, with an initial reading of zero, but would start each line with a reading equal to 1, 2, 3, 4, +4, +3, +2, or +1 foran extra number of units of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, '1, or 8; respectively, over the last multiple of nine units. Therefore, when starting the line on the wheel the stop pins 294 and 295 should penetrate the stop holes 296 corresponding to the two zero graduations; but when starting the line off the wheel the stop pins .294 and 295 should penetrate the stop holes 296 corresponding to the correct add or subtract graduations according to the number of units by which the length of line exceeds an even multiple of nine units or ens.

Thousandths indicator The three-pointer method of line measurement and justification, using the matrix pointer 21 and the space band pointers 2829 .(Fig. 1)

as disclosed and described in Patent No. 2,059,250,

has distinct advantages in thatit is extremely simple, easily understood, and can be read and interpreted ,at a glance.- Thus, with this method, all that the operator needs to know about justiflcation is that all the lines of composition will justify and should be ended when the matrix pointer rests between the two space band pointers. It has been found desirable, in the eraliy as 24 (Fig. 1), which will supplement the three-pointer method of line measurement and justification and will inform the operator at any point within the line, as to the exact difference in thousandths of an inch between the column,

measure or length of line and the cumulative set-wise thickness of the assembled matrices and minimum thicknesses of space'bands, by means of subtraction to zero from a setting equivalent to the number of thousandths of an inch in the column measure or length of line; or conversely, to inform the operator at any point within the line as to the exact cumulative setwise thickness of the assembled matrices and minimum thicknesses of space bands by means of addition from a setting of zero up to any reading between zero and 9.999".

The apparatus shown in Figs. 1 and 2 and described above uses a decimal counting system. For general use, the pointer indication-is desirable since it provides a continuous picture of the justification problem in the line being composed without requiring constant mathematical interpretationby the operator. Accordingly, it must be understood that the thousandths indicator (indicated generally as 24 in Fig. l and disclosed in detail in Figs. 7-13 inclusive) supplements but does not replace the matrix pointer 21. It

is therefore provided that the differential ac- The thousandths indicator (Fig. 7) consists of a four-dial structure, in which the three dials of lower order are driven from gears secured to g the tens, hundedths, and thousandths counting ratchets in the differential accumulator, and

the fourth dial, which is driven only by the carryover mechanism of the dial of the next lower order, is used to permit accumulation to a maximum indication of 9.999". Associated with each dial in the thousandths indicator is a carryover wheel which functions when the dial passes through zero, to advance the dial of the next higher. order by one unit. This carryover actuation is timed to follow the principal actuation of the column dials. The structure as will presently appear provides a linkage from the perforator main shaft to time properly this carryover operation. Mechanism is also provided to return automatically all dials to their zero position upon the operation of a return" key after a particular totalization has been attained. The restarting operation is accomplished under control of a linkage from the return clutch of the perforator, through manual selection of the return" key upon the perforator keyboard. Two methods of indication will be described, one in which the dials are restored to a zero reading at the end of each line in the conventional manner and indicate at any time, during composition of a line. the cumulative length of assembled matrices and minimum thicknesses of space bands, and a second embodiment in which the dials are reset to the decimal value of the column measure or length of line and operate subtractively during composition of a line to indicate at any time the amount of the column measure yet to be filled with matrices.

In Fig. 9 is shown a general top view (with certain parts omitted) of the thousandths indicator and its associated shafts and gearsby means ofwhich selective operation. of the three counting-ratchets of the differential accumulator is transmitted to the three corresponding sections of the thousandths indicator. Counting ratchets I51, I58, and I59 are; as previously described, a

part of the differential accumulator mechanism of the principal structure disclosed in Fig. 2.'

poses of the presently described embodiment carried by gears 3I5, 3I6, and 3I1-.and act through their associated internal gears to combine the incremental movements of the ratchets I51, I58. and I59 to impart to the matrix pointer 21, a movement which is a totalization of the movements of' the various counting ratchet mechanisms of the differential accumulator. .scribed in the disclosure of, the principal structure, each of the counting ratchets I51, I58, and I59 is selectively rotated in varying amounts from zero to nine teeth, and thus provides the same quality of motion as is normally provided by the manually operated column actuators of machines'ofthe type shown in U. S. Patent No.

762,521 which employ thousandths indicators of the type herein disclosed. In order to utilize this motion, ear 3I1 is amxed to ratchet I59, gear 3I8'is afflxed to ratchet I58, and gear 3I5 is aflixed to ratchet I51. These gears engage gears 3I8, 3I9, and 32I, respectively, and permit the motion of the ratchet mechanisms of the differential accumulator to be transmitted through two sets of nested shafts to the thousandths indicator 24, which is located as viewed in'Fig. 1, to the left of the matrix pointer 21, and faces the operator, so that the dial indication is easily visible,

and can be compared readily with the matrix pointer indication.

, As indicated in Fig. 9, gear 3" on the thousandths ratchet I59 meshes with the gear 32I afllxed to a shaft 324 which forms the center of the nested group of shafts 322, 328, and 324 ap-' propriately journaled on brackets (not shown) mounted on the base 2|. At the right end of shaft 324, as viewed in Fig. 9, is aflixed a beveled gear 325 which meshes with a beveled gear 325 afllxed to a shaft 321 which forms the center of a nested group of shafts 321, 328, and 329 also suitably carried on base 2|. Afilxedto nested As deshafts 322 and 323 are beveled gears 3H] and 328,

respectively, which-mesh with beveled gears 338 and 358 afilxed to shafts 328 and 329-, respectively. To shaft 321 is afilxed, adjacent the thousandths indicator 24, a spur gear 33I. Likewise, to shafts 328 and 329 are aifixed gears 332 and 333,-respectively. To impart the desired direction of rotation to the elements of the thousandths indicator 24', idler gears 334, 335, and 336 are loosely carried on a shaft 331 arranged parallel to the nested shafts.

Figs. 10 and 11 illustrate well-known arrangements for controlling the operation of thedials of the thousandths indicator, and for a detailed Figs. 10 and 11 are analogous to Figs. 2 and 3 of Patent No. 762,521 and are chosen because they show most clearly the carryover mechanism which forms anessential part of the calcu'ating machines to which the patent relates and of the thousandths indicator which may be incorporated into the apparatus embodying the present invention.

Briefly, the carryover operation is as follows:

The carryover wheel or gear 345 (Figs. 8 and 10) is mounted on shaft 346 and meshes with the gear '341 amxed to lantern wheel 342. Carryover wheel 345 rotates one-half revolution for every revolution of gear 341 and tensions a spring 348 which is constantly urging a cam 349, Figs. 10 and 11, in a clockwise direction. Cam 349, which is carried on shaft 346, is restrained from movement by escapement pawls 35I and 352 which become effective alternately under the control of a roller 353 (carried on carryover gear 345), cams 354 and 355, guard 356, and latch 351, as is fully set forth in Patent No. 762,521. The mechanism shown in Fig. 10 is associated with a dial of a lower order, whereas the mechanism shown in Fig. 11 is actuated by the mechanism shown in Fig. 10, but is associated with the lantern wheel of the next higher order or decimal position.

The carryover operation occurs in calculating machines when a dial moves from 9 to 0. .Under this circumstance, roller 353 by coacting with cam 354 disengages pawl 35I, as shown in Fig. 10,

. revolution until the stopping projection is arrested by 'pawl 352. During this revolution, cam 349 imparts a counterclockwise rotation to lever 358 (Fig. 11) about pivot 396, which carries at its right extremity a pawl 359. Due to the operaton just described, pawl 359 rises, and engages -a pin 361 on the lantern wheel 342, and imparts counterclockwise rotation to'the lantern wheel 342 in the amount of one unit or angular step. However, in order that this carryover rotation may not be merged in the principal rotation imparted to the hundredths indicator by idler gear 335, latch 351 has been provided which restreins cam 349 from operating until after the principal rotation has been completed. In manually operating calculating machines employing thousandths indicators analogous to that disclosed by the present invention, the principal rotation is imparted to gear 338 by a manually operated column actuator, and latch 351 is disengaged by a 'pin carried by the column actuator at a point loto the vertically extending arm of a bell crank 41| rockably mounted upon stub'shaft 412. The

horizontally extending arm of the bell crank 41I is disposed above one end of a cam follower lever 413 which is mounted intermediate its ends upon a pivot pin (not shown) and has a follower roll 414 in engagement with one of the cams I65 carried by main operating cam sleeve 40. Link 366 is urged leftwardly, as viewed in Fig. 9, by a tension spring 416, and normally engages a fixed stop 411. Lever 413 is actuated according to the contour of cam I65, but engages bell crank 4H and rocks it through the required distance only as follower roll 414 rides cam portions of minimum radius. At other times, lever 413 rocks out of engagement with bell crank 41I. Thus, al-

though the contour of cam I65 imparts smooth and gentle motion to the follower lever 413, the effectiveness of, the lever upon bell crank 41I is confined to a few degrees of rotation of cam I65, and at all other times, lever 413 undergoes idle motion out of engagement with bell crank 41I. In this manner, shaft 363 is rotated under control of cam I65 (Fig. 1) carried on main shaft 32 and is so timed that latch arm 351 is rotated counterclockwise by means of its associated lever 364, under control of link 366 and cam I 65 just following the conclusion of the ratchet feeding operation. It is the object of this structure to provide, under control of cam I65, a timed sequential operation of the dials, with the primary actuation under control of the counting ratchets of the differential accumulator, and the following carryover actuation under'control of latch 351.

Having reference to Fig. 8, gear 33I is operated from the thousandths ratchet I59 and engages idler gear 334 which, in turn, engages gear 338 afiixed to the internal ratchet 339 (Fig. 10). A gear 341 which is affixed to lantern wheel 342, drives carryoverwheel 345 and also engages idler gear 343, which in turn communicates its rotation to gear 361 aflixed to dial 368 and thereby imparts suitable rotation to dial 368. The members on the dial 368 are visible through a window 369located in the cover 3", and the numbers on the reset dial 312 are visible through a window 313 located in cover 3. Reset dial or drum 312 is provided with a knurled flange 314 extending through slots in the cover 3" as more clearly shown in Fig. 1. Knurled flanges 314 are provided for use in manually setting dials 312 as will hereinafter appear.

A resetting structure carried on shaft 344 is provided in the thousandths indicator of the present invention for automatic resetting of the dials 368 to a predetermined and manually settable column measure indication, instead of to zero as is customary in existing calculating machines.

Having reference to Figs. 12 .and 13, it is observed that dial 368 and its assoc ated gear 361 are driven by idler gear 343 which is free to rotate on reset shaft 344. Gear 343 carries a stud or reset pin 315. Since gears 343 and 361 are continually in mesh, and as shown in Fig. 7, have the same number and pitch of teeth, it is evident that for each of the ten angular positions of dial 368, in which the digits are centered under window 369, gear 343 and pin 315 also have a corresponding angular position. On the peripheral surface of dial 312 are reference digits, by means of which the position of dial 312 i; set. D al 312 carries on its interior wall a radially s otted disc 316. Shaft 344 carries a pin 311 which normally engages one of the ten slots in disc 316. As will hereinafter appear, shaft344 has a definite angular stop position, so that pin 311 always occupies a definite angular position when the shaft is in its stop position. when it is desired to change the relation between a resetting drum 312 and shaft 344, the shaft is moved leftwardly by the manual means shown in Fig. 7, which comprises a manual reset lever 318 affixed to a shaft 319 mounted in bracket 381. Also fixed to shaft 319 in alignment with shaft 344 is a vertical lever 382. Positioned between a disc 383 fixed to shaft 344 is a helical compression spring 384. Thus, when counterclockwise rotation is imparted to lever 318, similar rotation, through shaft 319, is imparted to lever 382 which will cause shaft 344 to be shifted toward the left, as viewed in Figs. '1 and 12, against the action of compression spring 384. This motion of shaft 344 will cause pin 311 to be moved out of engagement with the slots in disc 318, whereupon dial 312 is free to'be rotated through the medium of knurled flange 314 to present any desired digital indication through the window 313 (Fig. 8). When each of the dials 312 has been set, for example as shown in Fig. 7, pressure is released from lever 318 to permit spring 384 to restore shaft 344 to its rightward position to bring pin 311 into engagement with a radial slot in disc 318.

As shown in Fig. 13, a reset spring 385 is riveted to the drum 312 and cooperates with pin 315 carried on gear 343. Shaft 344 makes one complete revolution during the resetting operation, in clockwise direction (Fig. 13). Accordingly, reset spring 385 will move from its initial position, which can manually be adjusted to any one of ten definite angular positions as previously described, through a complete revolution and will return to its starting position. During this revolution, reset spring 385 will pick up pin 315 in any angular position, and restore this gear to an initial angular position as determined by the manual setting of drum 312. This resetting operation moves the dials, carryover wheel 345, and the lantern wheels 342 in their normal direction of rotation, but the rotation is not transmitted back through the gears 334 and 331 and nested shafts to the counting ratchets of the differential accumulator, because the internal ratchet arrangement comprising ratchet 339 (Fig. 10) and pawl 341 between the lantern wheels 342 and gears 334 permits free rotation of the dials and lantern 'wheels during the reset operation. It is observed that during normal counting operation, the gears 343 can rotate in their normal direction without interference between pin 315 and spring 385, since the spring 385 readily yields to the left (Fig. 12) and permits passage of pin 315 thereover.

' It is necessary, however, to prevent the carryover mechanism from operating during the resetting cycle, since there are certain settingsin which this carryover operation would render the final position of the dials incorrect. Accordingly, as shown in Fig. 8, there is provided a lever 388 associated with each carryover feed pawl 359 (Figs. 8 and 11). Levers 386 are fixed to and actuated by a shaft 381 which has secured thereto a depending arm 388. Arm 388 is pivoted to a link 389 which is articulated at its opposite end to the lower arm 418 fixed to rock shaft 419.

Rock shaft 419 also has secured thereto an arm cam 391 moves. follower roll outwardly radially of shaft 32, rock shaft 419 is rocked clockwise, and through arm 418 reciprocatory movement (leftward as viewed in Fig. 9, rightward as viewed in Fig. 8) is imparted to link 389. Levers 386 (Fig. 8) are thus rocked counterclockwise, and

pawls 359 are disengaged from lantern wheels 342 during the carryover operation.

Fig, '7 shows a front view of the thousandths indicator 24 with the cover removed and with the reset drums 312 manually set to provide automatic return to a column or length of line indication of 1.980", which setting is accomplished as previously described through the operation of manual reset lever 318 and manual actuation of knurled flanges 314. It is noted that axial reciprocation of shaft 344 is rendered possible by means of the slot and key construction of a hub 393 and slotted hub 394. Hub 394 is afiixed to a shaft 395 suitably journaled in bracket 396 and terminates in a beveled gear 391 which meshes with a beveled gear 398 carried on a shaft 399,

which terminates, as indicated in Fig. 9, in a gear than gear 491 and has a portion of its teeth removed as shown at 493. Shaft 399 and its associated gear 491 are maintained in an accurate stop position by means of a detent (not shown).

When the return clutch is actuated by the return key on the keyboard, return sleeve 392 rotates in a counter-clockwise direction (as viewed in Fig. 14), and as soon as this rotation begins, cam 391, through suitable linkage, imparts rightward motion to link 389 (Fig. 8), thus rotating lever 386 about shaft 381 to move feed pawls 359 into a clockwise position where they will clear the pins 361 of the lantern wheels 342 during any carryover operation which may occur when a dial is reset through the zero position. This renders the carryover feed pawls359 ineffective, but permits normal operation of carryover spring 348. Immediately thereafter, as return sleeve 392 continues its rotation, the teeth on gear 492 mesh with the teeth on gear 491. Gear 491 is thereby turned exactly one revolution and returns to its detented stop position before gear 492 has completed its rotation. As viewed inFig. 7, it is seen that as shaft 399 is rotated clockwise, shaft 344, and hence dials 312, are rotated in such direction asto cause springs 385 to overtake and pick up pins 315, and since dials 312 make one complete revolution, it is evident that in whatever angular position the various pins 315 happen to bethey will be picked up and returned by springs 385 to their predetermined return positions, for example? inasmuch as dials 312 in the present illustration are shown set-for a column measure of 1.989", dials 368 will, during the return function just described, be picked up and returned to the same indication or column measure, which in the present example is 1.9807. During the final period of movement of gear 492 within which interval gear 491 is at rest, cam 391 imparts leftward movement (as viewed in Fig. 8) to link 389. and permits carryover pawls 359 to return to their normal operative positions in which they may engage the pins 381 on lantern wheels 342 during normal carryover operations. Return sleeve 392 also carries a cam 293 (Fig. 9), which, upon the cyclic rotation of sleeve 392, controls through suitable linkage not shown) the return of the matrix pointer 21 to its beginning of line position, in the manner disclosedin aforementioned Patent 2,083,570.

Referring to Fig. 1, the thousandths indicator 24 is shown with its coverin place, wherein the upper row of windows 369 are provided for indication of units, tenths, hundredths, and thousandths. At anytime during the assembly of a line, the digits exhibited through these windows 1 indicate the remainder of the column measure which must be filled'with matrices. During the composition of the line, the resetting dials indicate the full column measure, and are visible to the. operator through the lower row of windows 313.

It is obvious that the thousandths' indicator can be used either additively or subtractively merely by changing the sequence and location of the numbers on the indicator dials 368 and the reset dials 312.

when employing the thousandths indicator, the right-hand space band pointer 29 would be rendered ineffective. Under this condition, the left-hand pointer deflection would be adjusted to indicate on the scale the net expansion provided (Fig. 2).

by the space bands in thezline, the minimum thickness of the space bands would then be counted by a suitable arrangement of counting elements positioned in the counting magazine and operated by the space band lever.

Multiple counting magazine control In Figs. 15 and 16 is disclosed a modification of the structure hereinbefore described embodying provision for a multiplicity of counting magazines. It is the purpose of this modification to provide a keyboard perforator and counter with four counting magazines 4H, H2, H3, and 4 which is equivalent in arrangement and counting capacity to the four matrix storage magazines provided on commercial mixer line-casting machines. When equipped with this structure, the

keyboard perforator and counter gives the operator facilities for perforating a single strip of tape which may be used to control the assembly of matrices from all four magazines of a commercial mixer linecasting machine. This modification of the principal structure operates under control of four key rods on the perforator keyboard to permit the operator to select any one of the four counting magazines and to render the selected magazine operative from the character keys on the keyboard to control the counting action of a'single differential accumulator unit 22 The four counting magazines 4, M2, 413, and M4, for purposes of this disclosure, are arranged in two pairs. The upper pair is assigned to the side or auxiliary magazines of the linecasting machine, and the lower pair is assigned 1 are pivotally connected vertical links 9 and 42l which are pivotally connected at their upper ends to levers 422 and 423, which are in turn pivotally carried in a magazine shift member 424. Levers 422 and 423cooperate with bell cranks-425 and 426, respectively, to control the selection of counting elements 421, in a manner similar to that described in connection with the principal structure. Bell crank levers 425 and 428 are carried in a case shift member 423 which is shiftable longitudinally in a manner similar to that shown in Fig. 1 and previouslydescribed. A corresponding vane 429 in .each of the four levels engages a single vertical connecting rod 43| to control the single associated stop member 432 comparable to that shown in Fig. 2. By this means, the differential accumulator may be controlled from" any one of the four levels in which a counting element 421 may be operated.

Associated with links 9 and 421 and extending vertically therefrom, and pivoted to levers 422 and 423 are links 433 and 433, respectively, which are pivotally connected at their upper ends to levers 434 and 435, respectively, similar to levers 422 and 423. Levers 434 and 435 are pivotally carried in a magazine shift member 435,

similar to member 424. Likewise, levers 434 and 435 are adapted to be operatively associated with bell crank levers 431; and 433, respectively, to operate, in turn, counting elements 421 of the upper group of counting magazines 3 and 4. Levers 431 and 438 are carried in case shift member 439 similar in construction and operation to cradle member 4 which is pivotally mounted on a shaft 442 suitably mounted in the housing 440. Afiixed to the hub of the cradle I are brackets 443 and 444 to the extremities of which are articulated the upper ends of links 445 and 446, respectively. Link 445 is pivoted to a keylever 441, and link 445 is pivoted to a keylever 448. Upon actuation of keylever 441, cradle I will, through link 445, be rocked to its counterclockwise position, bringing the upper magazine shift member 436 toward the bell cranks 431 and 433 to bring levers 434 or 435 into cooperative engagement therewith. By the same movement of cradle I, the lower magazine shift member 424 is moved away from the bell crank levers 425 and 425, thus drawing levers 422 and 423 out of cooperative engagement with their respective bell crank levers. A spring actuated detent member 449 is provided to hold cradle I .in one or the other of its operative positions. 0n the other hand, to

return cradle 44! to the clockwise position shown in Fig. 16, keylever 448 is actuated, which will, through link 445, and bracket 444, impart clockwise rotation to cradle 44! whereat it will be retained by detent 449.

When magazine shift members 424 or 436 are thus brought into cooperative engagement with their associated bell cranks, further means is provided for bringing levers 422 or 423, or 434 or 435 into cooperative engagement with their respective bell cranks. To effect this control, magazine shift member 424 is provided with a bracket 45I which is articulated to a link 452 pivotally carried on keylever 453. Member 424 is also provided with a bracket 454 to which is articulated a link 455 pivotally carried on a keylever 456. At the extremity of bracket 454 is pivoted the lower end of a link 451,-the upper end of which is pivated to a bracket 458 secured to the upper magazine shift member 436. Thus, when keylever 456 is actuated, magazine shift member 424 will, through link 455, be rotated to its counterclockwise position to be held thereat by a spring actuated detent member 459. Similar clockwise rotation will be imparted through link 451 to upper magazine shift member 436. To retum'magazine shift members 424 and 436 to their clockwise position, keylever 453 is actuated which, through link 452, efl'ectuates this rotation.

With'the structure just disclosed, it is seen that to bring lever 422 into cooperative engagement with bell crank 425 to control the counting elements 421 carried in counting magazine 4| I, it is necessary first to operate keylever 448 which will advance the lower magazine shift member 424 toward the bell cranks 425 and 426, following which keylever 453 is actuated, which will bring lever 422 into cooperative engagement with bell crank 425. Similarly, to bring lever 423 into operative engagement with bell crank 426, it is necessary first to operate keylever448 and then to follow this operation with the actuation of keylever 456. Likewise, to bring lever 434 into cooperative engagement withbell crank lever 431, it is necessary'first to operate keylever 441 and then to follow with the actuation of keylever 453. Finally, to bring lever 435 into cooperative engagement with bell crank lever 438, keylever 441 is first operated, which is followed by' the actuation of keylever 456.

Alternate ratchet feed lever mechanism In Fig. 1'7 is shown an alternative arrangement for imparting evenly spaced increments of angular motion to the ratchet feed lever 46I which is analogous to ratchet feed levers I53, I54, or I55. In this illustration, lever 46I is shown as being pivotally carried on the hub of its associated ratchet wheel 464, which, in turn, is carried on stop levers I46, I5I, and I52) are provided with individual counting stop pins 466. Pins 466 are arranged as shown at a predetermined and calculated distance from a reference line in such a manner that lines drawn through the center of rotation of shaft 462 and tangent to stop pins 466 will define equal angular distances, and hence ratchet feed lever 46I will be rotated evenly spaced angular distances corresponding to the angle between two teeth 461 on ratchet 464. Here again nine identical stop bars 465 can be guided in a casting 468 having parallel slots similar to guide casting I49 (Fig. 1). Thus, when ratchet feed lever 46I is actuated in a clockwise direction by mechanism similar to that shown in Fig. 1, controlled by a cam I65, its rotation will be arrested by a stop pin 466 on an operated stop bar 465, causing pawl 463 to advance clockwise over the teeth 461, picking up a number of teeth equivalent to the numerical position of the stop pin 466. Thence,-upon the counterclockwise rotation of lever 46I due to the pull of a spring 469, ratchet wheel 464 will be rotated a corresponding angular amount.

In actual use the perforator equipped with the exact matrix size counting mechanism, as described in the foregoing specification, may be equipped with the unit indicator, the thousandths indicator or both. Provision is made in this perforator for a multiplicity of interchangeable counting magazines, and each counting magazine may be equipped with counting elements corresponding in arrangement and counting values with the arrangement and matrix sizes of a font of matrices as channeled in a corresponding linecasting machine storage magazine. Further, each counting magazine position in the perforator may be assigned to count matrix sizes in a particular storage magazine position of the linecasting machine, so that a definite correspondence may be established between the matrix sizes selectively counted by the perforator, and

the matrices selectively released for assembly in the linecastingmachine. Accordingly, this perforator may be used to prepare a continuous'tape for automatic control of multi-magazine linecasting machines, and may be equipped with an arrangement of counting magazines to correspond with any arrangement of matrix storage magazineswhich may be installed on the linecasting machine being controlled.

Although the present invention has been disclosed and described with reference to the preparation of a record form for the control of a linecasting machine, it is, of course, understood that the invention is capable of embodiment in many and widely varied forms other than that specifically disclosed without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

What is claimed is:

1. In an apparatus for preparing control strips for linecasting machines, an indicator, a difierential accumulator comprising a plurality of planetary gear mechanisms, instrumentalities for controlling the joint or individual operation of said mechanisms for determining the position of said indicator, and means also controlled from said instrumentalities for applying symbols on the control strip.

2. In an apparatus for preparing control strips for linecasting machines, a selector mechanism. comprising a plurality of removable and interchangeable units, a differential accumulator actuated through said units in varying cumulative amounts representative of matrix widths, an indicator comprising a scale and a matrix pointer movable with respect thereto, and means for transmitting the movements of said accumulator to said pointer.

3. In combination with a keyboard device for producing perforated strips to control composing machines-utilizing difierent fonts of type, a plurality of keys, selecting mechanism operable in accordance with the operation of said keys comprising a plurality of detachable and removable code bar units, each corresponding to a font of type, means for selecting a code bar unit to be operated, and means to select the group of code bars to be operated.

4. In combination, a plurality of keys, a magazine shift device, a case shift device, a pair of

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