US2177933A - Box - Google Patents

Description

Oct. :51, 1939.

P. F. BOEYE BOX Filed Sept. 28, 1936 4 Sheets-Sheet l which will Patented 0a. 31, 1939 UNITED sTATEs PATENT OFFICE BOX Paul F. Boeye, St. Paul, Minn, assignor to Waldorf Paper Products Company, St. Paul, Minn, acorporation of Minnesota Application September as, 1936, Serial No. 102.915

1 Claims. (01. 229-23) My invention relates to boxes and particularly to boxes utilizing paper panels reinforced with wood or similar materials and has for an object to provide an improved construction of such type be light in weight, yet highly serviceable.

Another object vof the invention resides in forming the walls of the box in sections, the sections being constructed in a manner to permit of easy handling and being collapsibleintocompact form when not desired for use.

A still further object of the invention resides in providing a. box having a separate top and bottom with the adjoining lateral walls arranged in sections, each section comprising an end and a side wall.

An object of the invention resides in constructing the walls of the box with panels having cleats on both sides thereof and in providing hinge means between the adjacent walls of each section whereby the walls may be extended into. position for erection or may be folded back upon each other when not desired for use.

A feature of the invention resides in constructing the box so that the cleats on the facing surfaces of the walls of each folded section do not interfere with one another when the walls of the.

section are collapsed.

An object of the invention resides in providing two spaced scores at the hinged corners of the sectionsby means of which the walls may be brought into overlying position.

Another object of the invention resides in arranging the cleats on the facing surface of one wall of a section in staggered relation with -respect to the cleats on the facing surface of the other wall of the section.

Other objects of the invention reside in the novel combination and arrangement of parts and in the details of construction hereinafter illustrated and/or described.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a perspectiveview of a box illustrat view taken on line 1-8 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 7 is a view'similar to Fig. 6 taken on line 1-1 ofFig. 3.

Fig. 8 is a plan view of the section when collapsed.

Fig. 9 is an elevational view of the section shown in Fig. 2 extended and viewed from the exterior thereof.

Fig. 10 is a view similar to Fig. 9 viewed from the interior of the section.

Fig. 11 is a plan view of the top of the box.

Fig. 12 is an inverted view of the top of the box.

Fig. 13 is a plan view of the bottom of the box. Fig. 14 is an inverted view of the bottom of the box.

Fig. 15 is a view similar to Fig. 1 of a modification of the invention. I Fig. 16 is a view similar to Fig. 8 of one of the sections used in the box illustrated in Fig. 15.

My invention as shown in the drawings comprises a top III, a bottom I I and four lateral walls l2, l3, I4 and I5, connected therewith. For the sake of explanation the two lateral walls I! and I4 will be referred to as end walls and the two lateral walls l3 and IE will be referred to as sid walls.

The lateral walls of the box are constructed in two sections it and I! which are identical in construction. Section It includes the two walls I2 and I3 while section I! includes the two walls i4 and IS. The walls of each section are adapted to be folded into extended position for use as shown in Fig. 2 in which position said walls are attached to the top and bottom llland II. The adjoining portions of the walls of each section are secured together in a manner to be subsequently described in detail. When the sections are not desired to be erected the walls of the said sections may be folded into overlying position as shown in Fig. 8 in which a compact construction is provided permitting of collapsing the box into a minimum amount of space. Only one of these sections, the section I6, has been illustrated in detail and will be described.

The section It is constructed from a sheet of material It which may be -flber board, corrugated board,"or any suitable paper product or any other suitable material such as ply wood. The sheet I8 as shown in Fig. 9 is formed intermediate its lateral edges II and 22 with two scores 23 and 24 which are spaced apart a certain distance to be subsequently referred to.

' These'scores are parallel to the lateral edges 2| and 22 and divide the sheet into two panels 25 and 26- which form parts of the walls l2 and I3. Upon the inner surface 21' of the wall I: are

attached transversely extending cleats 28, 29, 3| and 32. Cleat 28 is disposed along the upper edge 38 of the sheet I8 while cleat 32 is disposed along the lowermost edge 39 of the sheet. The two cleats 29 and 3| are disposed intermediate the cleats 28 and 32 and are parallel therewith. On the inner surface 21 of the panel I3 are attached similar cleats 33, 34, 35, 36 and 31. The cleats 33, 34 and 35 lie in alignment with the cleats 28, 29 and 3|. The cleats 36 and 31 are spaced from one another to leave a space 4| therebetween. The combined width of these cleats is substantially equal to the width of the cleat 32. Cleat 31 is disposed at the lowermost edge 39 of the sheet the same as the cleat 32 so that these two cleats lie in alignment with said cleat 32. All of the transverse cleats of the box are constructed at each end with tongues 42 and with notches 43 adjacent the same. The tongues 42 of each cleat engage in the notches 43 of the juxtaposed cleats so that the corners of the cleatsare interlocked.

Upon the exterior surface 48 of the panel 26 are disposed four longitudinally extending cleats 44, 45, 46 and 41. All of these cleats are parallel with the scores 23 and 24 and the lateral, edge 22 of the panel. The cleat 44 is disposed adjacent the lateral edge 22 of the sheet l8 and the cleat 41 is disposed in close proximity to the score 23. The cleats 45 and 46 are arranged in spaced relation intermediate the cleats 44 and 45. The longitudinal cleats 44, 45, 46 and 41 are attached to the transverse cleats 33, 34, 36 and 31 by nailing the same together through the panel 26. On the exterior surface 48 of the panel 25 are provided three vertically extending cleats 5|, 52 and 53. All of these cleats are parallel with the cleats 44, 45, 46 and 41 and with the scores 23 and 24. The cleat 53 is situated adjacent the edge 2| of the sheet I8while the cleat 5| is positioned in spaced relation to the cleat 41, and a distance away from the score 24 for a purpose to be presently more fully described. Cleat 52 is disposed intermediate the cleats 5| and 53. All of these longitudinal cleats are nailed to the cleats 28, 39, 4| and 32, the same as the cleats on the panel 26..

When the walls I2 and I3 of the section I6 are folded into erected position, as shown in Fig. 2, the sheet I8 bends along the score 23 as illustrated. The score lines 23 and 24 are spaced apart a distance not less than the thickness of the longitudinal cleats so that when the panels are folded in the opposite direction as shown in Fig. 8, folding of the sheet occurs at the two scores. The cleat 5| is spaced from the cleat 41 a distance not less than the sum of the width and thickness of the, cleat 41. This causes the two cleats 41 and 5| to lie adjacent one another, edge to edge, as shown in Fig. 8 instead of overlying one another as would have been the case had the cleat 5| been closer to the cleat 41 than specified. The cleats 52, 53, 45 and 46 are arranged so that said cleats become staggered when the structure is folded, as shown in Fig. 8. In other words the cleats 5| and 52 lie in the spaces formed between cleats 44 and 45 and cleats 45 and 46. Likewise cleat 5| lies in the space formed between the cleats 46 and 41. In this manner the section may be collapsed and folded into a compact structure so as to occupy a minimum amount of space when not desired for use.

In the erection of the box the two sections I6 and I1 are secured together by means of the cleats 44 and 53. It will be noted that the cleat 44 is considerably wider than the other longitudinal cleats. For securing the parts together screws 54 are used which extend through the cleat 44 and are screwed into the cleat 53. This holds the two sections securely attached to one another.

The top I0 shown in Figs. 11 and 12 consists of a panel 55 similar to the panels used in sec tions I6 and I1. This panel has attached to the upper surface 56 thereof a number of longitudinally extending cleats 51, 58, 59 and 60. Cleats 51 and 69 are disposed at the lateral edges 86 of the panel 55 while cleats 58 and 59 lie intermediate the cleats 51 and 60. All of the cleats are parallel to one another and are of a length greater than the length of the panel by twice the thickness of the cleats 28. In other words, these cleats 51, 58, 59 and 60 have portions 1| at their ends which project beyond the end edges 81 of the panel 55 a distance substantially equal to the thickness of the cleats 58. Upon the under surface 63 of the panel 55 are disposed two transversely extending cleats 64 and 65 which are disposed at the edges 81 of the panel. These cleats are of a length equal to the width of the panel 55. The cleats 51, 58, 59 and 60 are secured to the cleats 64 and 65 by nailing, the nails extending through the panel 55. It will be noted that the length of the panel 55 is exactly equal to the distance between the two cleats 28 when the two sections I6 and I1 are assembled, so that the two cleats 64 and 65 fit snugly in between the cleats 28. The cleats 28 are constructed with notches 66, 61, 68 and 69 which receive the protruding ends 1| of the cleats 51, 58, 59 and 60 as shown in Fig. 1 when the structure is assembled. The

' width of the panel 55 is equal to the distance between the cleats 33 when the sectlons I6 and III are assembled sothat the cleats 51 and 6|] fit snugly up against the cleats 33. In this manner a tight closure for the upper end of the box is provided.

The bottom I I of the box is best shown in Figs. 13 and 14, and consists of a panel 12 similar to the panel 55. This panel has secured to the upper surface 13 thereof two longitudinally extending cleats 14 and 15 which are considerably wider than the cleats 51 etc. of the top I0. These cleats have ends 16 which project outwardly beyond the end edges 84 of the panel 12 and are so disposed that the marginal portions 11 thereof extend outwardly beyond the lateral edges 85 of the panel 12. Upon the under surface 18 of the panel 12 are arranged three transverse cleats 8|, 82 and 83 of which the cleats BI and 82 are dis posed at theend edges 84 of the panel. These cleats extend up to the lateral edges 85 of the panel. Cleats 8|, 82 and 83 are of substantial proportions and serve as skids for supporting the box and contents on the surface on which the box rests. The cleats 14 and 15 are nailed to the skids BI, 82 and 83 and the nails used for the purpose extend through the panel 12. The size of the panel 12 is such as to besnugly received between the cleats 32 and 36 of the sections I6 and I1 when the said sections are assembled.

In the cleats 32 of panels 25 are formed recesses 88. These recesses are of such dimensions as to receive the ends 16 of the cleats 14 and 15. By means of this construction the bottom H is held from longitudinal movement with respect to the end walls I2 and I3 and is at the same time held from transverse movement with respect thereto. Extending across the two cleats 45 and 46 and disposed on the inner surface 21 of the -of the bottom II with respect to the walls 13 and iii. The keys 8| further engage the ends of the portions lformed by the recesses 92 and 93 and prevent transverse movement of the bottom with respect to the side walls of the box. It will thus be seen that the bottom H is held from movement in any direction with respect to the lateral walls of the box.

It will be noted in the drawings that the cleats 8|, 82 and 83 are of greater depth than the cleats 31. This causes the lowermost edges of the Panels 25 and 28 to be elevated above the floor or other surface on which the box rests so as to pre- .vent moisture from coming in contact with the panels thereof and causing injury to the same when the panels are constructed of paper.

.'In using the box the bottom II is first placed on the floor and the article to be enclosed within the box is placed upon the same. The walls of one of the sections, for example section l6, which are normally disposed as shown in Fig. 8 are opened up and folded into the positions shown in Fig. 2. There being but two walls to the section, the section can. be easily'handled and is placed in position with the ends "of the cleats I4 and 15 received in recesses 18 in cleat 32 andwith the marginal portions 11] of cleat ll re-' ceived in the spaces 41 between cleats 36 and-31,

The parts so arranged, if desired, may be te'mporarily held in position by driving nails through the panels 25 and 26 and into the cleats. 14 and- 15. Section I1 is next applied in-the same man- -ner. Aiter this section is i'n'position, screws 54 may be screwed through the panels 44 and into the panels 53. This attaches the two sections togather and to the bottom. suitable'packing ma-' terial may thereafterbe placed between the object within the boxand the walls of the box and 1 after the packing of the same is completed, the

and 16 the construction is substantially the same as that shown in Fig. 1. For this reason the description of the corresponding parts will not be r'epeated'and the same reference numerals will be to indic'ateidentical parts. In this form of "the {inventionidiagonal cleats M are used in conjt'mction thecleats ll, 41, 5| and 53. These .aiidi r'ea lirstiflen the Wal s-' the box giving 75 {we considerably moreglateral rigidity. Due to 'the use of thesecleats the cleats cannot be arranged in-staEEBred relation as previously described-and in the folding of the sections in overlying position the cleats of one wall overlie the cleats of the other wall. To permit of the folding of the section in a manner to provide a compact structure the two scores 23 and 24 are spaced apart a distance equal to the combined thickness of the cleats on the two walls of the section. This construction is shown in Fig. 16 in which the two walls have been illustrated as shown into overlying position. V

The advantages of my invention are manifest. When the boxes are constructed at the factory the same are collapsed into compact form and,

improved construction the parts can be used a number of times so that economy in the shipping of goods in the boxes will result. Boxes embodying my invention can be constructed at an extremely economical cost and are sufiiciently rigid and serviceable for the intended purpose.

Changes in the specific form of my invention, as herein disclosed, may be made within-the scope of what is claimed without departing from the spirit of my invention.

Having described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to protect by Letters Patent is: 1. A box including a section forming two of the walls of the box, said section comprising a sheet of material scored along two spaced parallel lines intermediate two of the edges thereof to divide the sheet into two panels and to form a hinge structure between the panels by means of which the panels may be folded into overlying position,

cleats attached to said sheet on one side thereof,

someof said cleats being parallel withthe scores and'situated in proximity thereto, cleats on the other side of the sheet secured to the sheet and first named cleats to permitof folding the sheet with the panels in overlyingparalle'l relation and v with the first named cleats; therebetwe'enj 2. A box including a section forming'a plurality of the walls-of the box, said section comprising a sheet of material constructed with two spaced parallel scores to provide two juxtaposed panels one on each side of the scores, and to form a hinge Y structure between the panels by means of which the panels-may be folded into overlying position, a cleat attached to said sheet'on one side thereof, said clat being situated outwardly of the hinge structure, cleats on the other side of the sheet one on each panel, said second named cleats having engaged portions preventing folding of the sheet with the panels in parallel relation and with the second named cleats between the panels, the distancebetween said scores'belng not less than the thickness of thefirst namedcleat to permit of folding the sheet with the panels in overlying parallel relation and with the first named cleat therebetween.

3. A box including a section forming a plurality of the walls of the box, said section comprising a sheet of material weakened in a manner to permit the sheet to bend along two spaced parallel lines and to provide .two juxtaposed panels one on each side of the lines and a hinge structure therebetween by meansv of which the panels may be folded into overlying position, a cleat attached to said sheet on one side thereof situated outwardly of said hinge-structure, cleats on the other side of the sheet one on each panel, said second named cleats having portions preventio occupy a minimum amount of space. With my ing folding of the sheet with the panels in parallel relation and with the second named cleats between the panels, the distance between said lines being not less than the thickness of the first named cleat to permit of folding the panels in overlying parallel relation and with the first named cleat therebetween.

4. A box including a section forming a plurality of the walls of the box, said section com prising a sheet of material weakened in a manner to permit the sheet to bend along two spaced parallel lines and to provide two juxtaposed panels one on each side of the lines and a hinge structure therebetween by means of which the panels may be folded into overlying position, a cleat attached to said sheet on one side thereof situated outwardly of said hinge structure, means on the other side of the sheet preventing folding of the sheet with the panels in parallel relation and with said means between the panels, the distance between said lines being not less than the thickness of the cleat to permit of folding the sheet with the panels in overlying parallel relation and with the cleat therebetween.

5. A box including a section forming a plurality of the walls of the box, said section comprising a sheet of material weakened in a manner to permit the sheet to bend along two spaced parallel lines and to provide two juxtaposed panels one on each side of the lines and a hinge structure therebetween by means of which the panels may be folded into overlying position, reinforcing means on one side of the sheet projecting outwardly beyond the sheet, means on the other side of the sheet preventing folding of the sheet with the panels in parallel relation and with said means between the panels, the distance between said lines being not-less than the amount of projection of the reinforcing member beyond the sheet to permit of folding the sheet with the panels in overlying parallel relation and with said reinforcing means therebetween.

6. A box including a section forming a plurality of the walls of the box, said section comprising a sheet of material weakened in a manner to permit the sheet to bend along two spaced parallel lines and to provide two juxtaposed panels one on each side of the lines and a hinge structure therebetween by means of which the panels may be folded into overlying position, a cleat on one of said panels disposed along one oi said lines, a second cleat on the same side of the sheet and on the other of the panels parallel with and spaced from the adjacent line a distance not less than the width of said first named cleat, means on the other side of the sheet preventing folding of the sheet with the panels in parallel relation and with said means between the panels, the distance'between said lines being not less than the thickness of the thicker of said first and second named cleats to permit of folding the sheet with the panels in overlying parallel relation and with the first and second named cleats therebetween and staggered relative to one another.

7. A box including a section forming a plurality of the walls of the box, said section comprising a sheet of material weakened in a manner to permit the sheet to bend along two spaced parallel lines and to provide two juxtaposed panels one on each side of the lines and a hinge structure therebetween by means of which the panels may be folded into overlying position, a cleat on one side of the sheet and situated on one of said panels, said cleat being parallel to said lines, a cleat on the same side of the sheet and disposed on the other of said panels, said cleat being parallel with said first named cleat and spaced from the adjacent line a distance not less than the distance between the remote edge of the first cleat and the line adjacent thereto, means on the other side of the sheet preventing folding of the sheet with the panels in parallel relation and with said means between the panels, the distance between said lines being not less than the thickness of the thicker of the cleats to permit of folding the sheet with the panels in overlying parallel relation and with the first and second named cleats therebetween and staggered relative to one another.

PAUL F. BOEYE.

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