US2177465A

US2177465A - Cut-off mechanism

Info

Publication number: US2177465A
Application number: US216490A
Authority: US
Inventors: Sieg Karl
Original assignee: SAMUE M LANGSTON CO
Current assignee: SAMUE M LANGSTON CO
Priority date: 1938-06-29
Filing date: 1938-06-29
Publication date: 1939-10-24
Anticipated expiration: 1956-10-24

Description

Oct. 24, 1939. K. SIEG 2,177,465

CUT-OFF MECHANISM I Filed June 29, 1958 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR [l'arZSa'qy LW M ATTORNEYS Oct. 24, 1939. K. SIEG 2,177,465

CUT-UFF MECHANISM Filed June 29, 1958 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 \NVENTOR Karl DZey ATTORNEYS Patented Oct. 24, 1939 PATENT I OFFICE CUT-OFT MECHANISM Karl Sieg, Philadelphia, Pa., assignor to Samuei M. Langston 60., a corporation of New Jersey- Application June 29, 1938, Serial No. 216,490 Claims. (01. 164-68) The present invention relates to machines having a rotary cut-of! mechanism for transversely sub-dividing continuously delivered stiii sheet material, such as corrugated or fibre board.

In machines of this general type, the speed of travel of the sheet material to be cut is ordinarily constant in normal operation and changes in the length of sections to be cut oil are effected by varying the total time period of the cycle of 10 movement of the cut-off. To maintain constant the speed of the knife at the time of cutting, and

' at the same rate as the traveling sheet material,

, irrespective of any adjustments in the time period of the cycle of movement of the cut-ofhadjust- 5 ments in the rates of acceleration and deceleration of the knife in different parts of its cycle are eflected.

In a machine of this type, in which the rotary cutter head has a single knife movable into cutting position once during each revolution, it has been found that for emcient and smooth operation, there is a practical limit to the extent of acceleration and deceleration. Therefore, the cutting knife when cutting short sheets would have a circumferential path of the same length as the minimum sheet length. If this be 16 inches, the cutter head would have a diameter of approximately 5 inches.

A cutter head of this approximate diameter is not suificiently rigid, especially. in a wide ma-' chine cutting thick sheets where durability and ruggedness of construction, and efllciency of operation are required.

One object of the present invention is to provlde an improved comparatively simple and effective machine of the rotary cut-off type, affording a substantially rigid mounting for the cutting knife and capable of cutting sheets of a greater range between minimum and maximum length.

4 Another object is to provide a comparatively simple and effective machine oithe type referred to, having a rotary cutter head with a plurality of knives, some of which are removable, and means for varying the number of accelerations or 45 decelerations per cycle of rotation of said cutter head, to conform with the number of operative knives thereon.

In carrying out the present invention, there is provided a rotary cutter head having a plurality 50 of circumferentially spaced cutting knives removably mounted thereon, so that the number thereof may be varied at the will of the operator. The

drive mechanism for the rotary cutter is such as to bring the knives to the speed of the paper at 55 the cutting phases. and to accelerate and decelerate said knives at adjusted rates in the intervals between said phases.

With my improved construction, the mounting of two knives at diametrically opposite sides of the cutter head would permit the diameter of said 5 head to be increased from approximately 5 inches to 10 inches for a minimum sheet length of 16 inches, and would consequently greatly increase the rigidity of said cutter head.

To obtain an increase in range of sheet lengths, o assuming that I start with two knives on. the cutter head to cut a minimum sheet length of 16 inches, then by changing the frequency of the cutting operations, I can, for example, increase the sheet length to 32 inches. At this point, I 15 can remove one knife, or adjust it so that it will not cut. If I start off again with the same period of rotation for the cutter head as it had for the 16 inch cuts, I can cut 32 inch sheet length and I can increase this periodicity to cut maximum sheet lengths of 128 inches. I can therefore obtain with my improved construction, with two knives, one of which is removable or renderable inoperative, a range of 1:8 instead of 1:4, otherwise obtainable with a single knife on the cutter head. With three knives on the cutter head, two of which are removable or may be rendered inoperative, I can obtain a range of 1:12, and with four knives. three of which are removable or ma'y be rendered inoperative, a sheet range of 1:16 80 could be obtained.

Various other objects, features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following particular description and from an inspection of the accompanying drawings in which: 35

Fig. l is a top plan view, somewhat diagrammatic, showing one form of machine embodying the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a transverse section through the cutter heads taken on line 22 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a top plan view, somewhat diagrammatic, showing another form of machine embodying the present invention, and

Figs. 4 to '7 inclusive are somewhat diagrammatic showings of different relative positions which the crank arm and crank slide may occupy.

In the specific embodiment of the invention shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the rotary cut-off comprises an upper cutter head It), integral with or mounted on a shaft H, and having a plurality of circumferentially equally spaced cutting knives I 2, removably mounted thereon, so that the number thereof may be varied at the will of the operator- In the specific form shown, the cutter head ID has two of such knives in diametrically opposed relationship, and cooperating with corresponding removable knives |3 of a lower cutter head |4, integral with or mounted on a shaft l5. The particular type of knives used and the particular means employed for securing them in position may be varied at will and form no portion of my invention. The knives may be on only the upper head and act against a hardened surface on the lower head. It will be obvious that one of the cutter heads, for instance, the lower head l4 may be of only one-half the effective diameter of the other head I0 and rotate at the same peripheral speed but with twice the number of revolutions per minute as the upper head. In that event the lower head would be provided with only one knife which woud cooperate with both of the knives of the upper head. Likewise, if the upper head had three knives, then the lower one would be of only one-third the effective diameter and would rotate at three times the number of revolutions.

The sheet-feeding mechanism (not shown) is driven from a main drive shaft I! by any suitable means, such as the chain drive l8, to continuously deliver the stiff sheet material at a constant speed through the rotary cut-off, which is also driven from said main drive shaft by a mechanism to be described. 7

In order to vary the length of sections being out without varying the speed of the sheet material, the transmission between the drive shaft l1 and the cutter shafts II and I5 includes a variable speedtransmission A, having the shaft II as an input shaft, and having an output shaft 20. This variable speed transmission A may be of any suitable or ordinary type as, for example, that known in the trade as P. I. V. or that known as a Reeves drive, or if desired, it may be of the change gear type. It serves to change the total time period of rotation of the cutter shaft II in accordance with the desired length of sections to be cut. V

In the transmission between the variable speed mechanism A and the cutter shaft II, is an adjustable device B for varying the speed of the cutter head during each cycle of operation, so that at the time of cutting, the knives will travel at the same speed as the sheet material to be cut. This device may be of any suiable type but is illustrated as a differential or variable slide crank mechanism. It may be of the elliptical gear typeshown in my Patent No. 1,984,041, issued December 11, 1934. In the form illustrated, the crank mechanism includes a crank arm or disc 25, affixed to a shaft 26, and carrying a crank stud or pin 21, extending into a guide groove 26, which is formed in the face of a crank slide '29 secured to a shaft 30. This guide groove 28 may extend diametrically of the crank slide 29, or may be slightly offset from the axis of rotation of said slide. By having the shafts 26 and 36 offset in respect to each other, the speed of the shaft is varied during each revolution. By varying the extent of the offset, the variation in speed may be increased or decreased.

Fig. 4 shows the position which the parts may occupy for cutting the shortest sheet length. The shaft 26 of the crank arm is in alignment with the shaft 30 of the crank slide, and the two shafts will rotate at a uniform rate. -In Fig. 5 the crank shaft 26 is shown adjusted out of alignment with the shaft 30 to such position as the parts might occupy in cutting a longer sheet length. In Figs. 4 and 5 the cener of the slide groove 26 intersects the axis of the shaft 30. This is not essential as it may be at one side of said axis. In Fig. 6 there is a view'similar to Fig. 4 for cutting short length sheets with the axis of the shaft 26 in alignment with the axis of the shaft 30, but with the center of the guide groove 28 at one side of the axis of the shaft 30. Fig. 7 shows the offset slide as in Fig. 6 but with the shaft 26 adjusted laterally to the same position as in Fig. 5 for the cutting of long sheet sections.

Between the shaft 2|! and the input side of the crank mechanism B, is a transmission mechanism for adjusting the eccentricity of said crank mechanism. As shown, this comprises in series a shaft 3|, coaxially connected to the shaft 20 by means of an internal gear slide coupling C, a reduction gear unit D on the output end of said shaft 3|, and a speed change gearing E between the units D and B, serving to change the speed ratio between the shaft 3| and the crank shaft 26 for the purpose hereinafter explained. These are mounted on a slide plate 33 so as to be movable bodily as a unit.

The reduction gear unit D comprisesia worm 34a, on the shaft 3|, and meshing with theworm wheel 34, secured to a shaft 35 parallel tolthe shaft 26.

The speed change gearing E between the

shafts

26 and 35, comprises a pair of spaced gears 40 and 4|, affixed to said shaft 35, and meshing with a pair of

gears

42 and 43 loosely mounted on the shaft 26. The two intermeshing gears 40 and 42 have a speed ratio of. 1:1, while the pair of intermeshing gears 4| and 43 have a speed ratio of 1:2.

In order to drive the shaft 26 at either speed ratio, there is provided an endwise slidable clutch member 45, splined to said shaft 26 and provided with jaws at the ends for clutch engagement with either of the gears- 42 or 43. In this manner, either one of the gears '42 or 43 may be engaged to rotate the shaft 26.

Between the output side of the crank mechanism B, and the cutter shaft I I, is a speed change gearing F for varying the number of accelerations and decelerations of the cutter heads per revolution thereof and comprising a pair of spaced gears 5|! and 5|, loosely mounted on the shaft 30, and meshing respectively with a pair of spaced

gears

52 and 53 affixed to the cutter shaft Splined to the shaft 30 and slidable between the two gears 5|! and 5| for clutch engagement with either one of said gears is a clutch member 54. The speed ratio between the intermeshing gears 5| and 53 is 1:1, and the speed ratio between the intermeshing gears 52 and 50 is 1;-:2.

The lower cutter head |4, if provided with knives, is driven at the same peripheral speed as the upper cutter head Ill by a gear 55, meshing with and having the same diameter as the gear 52.

inner end to one end of the slide plate 33, and

threaded in a freely rotatable nut or collar 6|, held against axial movement in a suitable fixed bearing 62. The nut 6| may be rotated by means of a hand wheel 63 secured thereto, or by a motor driven-chain drive 64, and sprocket 65, detach- 32 inches to 128 inches.

ably secured to said hand wheel to permit the.

collar to be rotated by hand or motor and in either direction to pull or push on the threaded rod and thereby move the slide referred to. The bodily movement of the plate 33 may be eifected simultaneously with the adjustment in the variable speed mechanism A from a single control if desired.

In the operation of. the construction of Fig. 1, assuming that the cutter heads Ill and i4 are each to be operated with a pair of cutting knives, then the clutches 45 and 54 will be shifted to the left into engagement with the gears 42 and 56 respectively, so that the drive between the shafts 26 and il would be through

gears

40, 42, 50 and 52.. In this setting of the speed change gearings E and F, the cutter shafts II and I5 will rotate through one revolution for every two revolutions of the shaft 35, and consequently will operate through two identical recurrent cycles during each revolution of said shafts. Acceleration and deceleration therefore takes place twice during each revolution of the cutter shafts I l and I5 and each knife will move at the speed of the sheet while cutting, and sections l6 inches long, for instance, will be cut off.

To increase the length of. sheet sections cut, for instance, to any length from 16 inches to 32 inches, the variable speed mechanism A is adjusted through its control shaft 61. Since this change produces a corresponding change in the speed of the knives at the time of cutting, the eccentricity of the shaft 26 with respect to the shaft 30 is adjusted as already indicated to effect adjustments in the relative rates of speed of the knives in different parts of their cycle, so that at the time of cutting, the knives will still travel at the same speed as the traveling sheet material.

To increase the sheet length beyond the maximum range for which the eccentric crank mechanism is adapted, for instance, beyond 32 inches, one of the knives of each cutter head is removed or rendered inoperative, the variable speed mechanism A is brought back to its original adjustment, and the speed change gearings E and F are set so that acceleration and deceleration takes place once every revolution of said cutter heads. This setting of the speed change gearings E and F is obtained by shifting the clutches 45 and 54 to the right to engage the gears 43 and 5| respectively, so that the drive between the shaft 35 and the cutter shaft I l is through gears 4|, 43, 5i and 53. The shaft 26 will now make one revolution for each revolution of the cutter shafts. By means of the variable speed mechanism A, the length cut off may be increased, for instance, from Thus, a total range of 16 inches to 128 inches or 1:8 may be obtained.

If the machine is set, for instance, to cut 16" lengths with two knives on each cutter head, upon the removal of one knife from each cutter head, I could cut 32 inch lengths with the same frequency or period of rotation of said cutter heads, and with the same eccentricity of the crank mechanism B. I am thereby able to double my range of sheet lengths as previously indicated.

The speed ratios obtained by the gearings E and F have been described for a machine having two knives in each cutter head, but it must be understood that these can be varied to obtain any variation in the number of accelerations and decelerations per revolution of the cutter heads to conform with the number of operative knives on each said head. For instance, with three knives on each cutter head, two of which are removable or rendered inoperative, the speed ratio between the gears 43 and H and between the

gears

52 and 50 would be. 1:3 and for four knives, three of which are removable or rendered inoperative, the head ratio would be 1:4.

In the construction shown in Fig. 3, the two speed change gearings E and F of the construction of Fig. 1 have been eliminated, so that regardless of the number of knives on each cutter head, the number of recurrent cycles per revolution of the cutter head will remain constant. In this construction, the shaft 35 at the outlet of the speed reduction gear unit D is connected directly to the crank arm 25, and the shaft 30 to which the crank slide 29 is aflixed, has secured thereto a gear 10, meshing with the gear 52 on the cutter shaft II. The speed ratio between the gears 16 and '52 is 2:1, so that the two cutter heads will each have two accelerations and decelerations per revolution thereof irrespective of the number of operative knives thereon. If the cutter heads each have three knives, the speed ratio between said gears will be 3:1, and with four knives, 4:1. The eccentricity of the shaft 35 with respect to the shaft 36 is effected through slide adjustment of the plate 33a. in a manner already indicated, with respect to the plate 33 of Fig. l.

' Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A cut-oil mechanism for comparatively stifi sheet material including a rotary member, a plurality of circumferentially spaced cutting knives on said member, means for detachably securing said knives to said member whereby the number of knives on said member may be varied at the will of the operator, means for rotating the cutter to cause each cutting knife to travel with and at the same speed as the sheet when in cutting position in respect to said sheet, and means for accelerating and decelerating the rotary speed of the cutter as many times per revolution as there are knives on said member.

2. A cut-off mechanism for comparatively stifi sheet material including a rotary member, a plurality of circumferentially spaced cutting knives on said member, means for detachably securing said knives to said member whereby the number of knives on said member may be varied at the will of the operator, means for rotating the cutter to cause each cutting knife to travel with and at the same speed as the sheet when in cutting position in respect to said sheet, means for accelerating and decelerating the rotary speed of the cutter between successive cuts, and means for varying the rates of acceleration and deceleration of the cutter, to vary the length of the cut-off sections, while maintaining constant the speed of said cutter during its cutting phase.

3. An apparatus for dividing continuously advancing sheet material transversely into sections, including a rotary cutter head having affixed thereto a plurality of cutting knives spaced circumferentially around the periphery thereof, a driving mechanism for continuously rotating said cutter head in a direction to move said knives in the same direction as the traveling sheet at the instant of cutting, means for adjusting the total time period of rotation of said cutter head, in accordance with the length of sheet sections to be cut, and means for adjusting the relative rates of speed of the cutter head in different parts of its cycle so that the speed of said cutter head at each instant of cutting, will be maintained subthereon, said cutter head being driven in a dircction to move said knives successively in the same direction as the traveling sheet at the instant of cutting, means for adjusting the total time cycle of rotation of said cutter head to vary the frequency of cutting operation in accordance with the length of sheet sections to be cut, and means for adjusting the relative rates of speeds of the cutter head in different parts of its cycle, so as to maintain the speed of said cutter head at each instant of cutting, substantially the same as the speed of sheet travel.

5. A cut-off mechanism for comparatively stiff sheet material including a rotary cutter, having a pair of diametrically disposed cutting knives, one of which is removable whereby said cutter may be operated with one or two knives, means for rotating the cutter to cause each cutting knife to travel with and at the same speed as the sheet when in cutting position in respect to the sheet, and means for accelerating and decelerating the speed of the cutter twice during each complete rotation thereof and while no knife is in cutting position, so as to vary the length of the cut-off sections.

6. An apparatus for dividing continuously advancing sheet material transversely into sections, including a rotary cutter head, having removably affixed thereto a pair of diametrically disposed cutting knives, .a driving mechanism for continuously rotating said cutter head at a variable speed through operating cycles recurring twice during each revolution of said head, and in a direction to move said knives successively in the same direction as the traveling sheet at the instant of cutting. means for adjusting the total time cycle of rotation of said cutter head to vary the frequency of cutting operation in accordance with the length of the sheet section to be cut, and means for adjusting the relative rates of speed of the cutter head in its cycle so that the speed of said cutter head at each instant'oi' cutting will be maintained'sub'stantially the same as that of the traveling sheet.

'1. An apparatus for sub-dividing continuously advancing sheet material transverselyinto sections, including a rotary cutter, having a plurality of circumferentially spaced cutting knives removably mounted thereon, the number of which may be varied at the will of the operator, a differential crank mechanism having driving and driven rotating means for continuously driving said rotary cutter at varying speeds, means Ifor adiusting' the frequency of operation of said cutter to vary the lengths of the sections being' cut, and means'for adjusting the relative eccentricity of the rotating members of said crank mechanism, to maintain the traveling speed of said knives at their cutting phases substantially the sameas the speed of the sheet travel.

8. A cut-ofl mechanism for comparatively stii! sheet material including a rotary cutter having a plurality of circumferentially spaced cutting knives removably mounted thereon, and the number of which may be varied at the will of the operator, means for rotating the cutter to cause each cutting knife to travel with and at the same speed as the sheet when in cutting position in respect to the sheet, and including a speed varying mechanism for accelerating and decelerating said cutterwhen no knife is in cutting position, means for varying the frequency of operation of said cutter to vary the lengths of the sections being cut, and means for adjusting said speed varying mechanism to vary the rate of acceleration and deceleration of said cutter, to maintain constant the speed of said cutter during its cutting phase.

9. A cut-off mechanism for comparatively stiff sheet material including a rotary cutter having a plurality of circumferentially spaced cutting knives removably mounted thereon, the number of which may be varied at the will of the operator, means for rotating the cutter to cause each I cutting knife to travel with and at the same speed as the sheet when in cutting position in respect to the sheet, means for accelerating and decelerating the rotary speed of the cutter when no knife is in cutting position so as to vary the length of 1 the cut-oi! section, and means for varying the through recurrent cycles, and in adirection to move said knives successively in the same direction as thedriving sheet at the instant of cutting, means for varying the frequency of said cycles per revolution of the cutter head to conform in number to the number of cuttingknives thereon, means for adjusting the total time cycle of rotation of said cutter head to vary the frequency of cutting operation in accordance with the length of sheet sections to be cut, and means for adjusting the relative rates of speeds of the cutter head in different parts of its cycle, so as to maintain the speed of said cutter head at each instant of cutting, substantially the same as the speed of sheet travel.

11. A cut-oi! mechanism for comparatively stiff sheet material including a rotary cutter, having a pair of diametrically disposed cutting knives, one,

of which is removable, whereby said cutter may be operated with one or two knives, means for rotating the cutter to cause each cutting knife to when in cutting position in respect to the sheet,

means for accelerating and decelerating the speed of the cutter twice during each complete rotation thereof and while no knife is in cutting position, so as to vary the length of the cut-oil sections, and means for varying the number of accelerations and decelerations to one per cycle of rotation of the cutter.

12. A cut-ofl. mechanism for comparatively stiff sheet material including a rotary cutter having a plurality of circumferentially spaced cutting knives removably mounted thereon, and the number of which may be varied at the will of the operator, means for rotating the cutter to cause each cutting knife to travel with and at the same speed as the sheet when in cutting position in respect to the sheet, and including a speed vary.

I travel with and at the same speed as the sheet ing mechanism for accelerating and decelerating the rotary speed of the cutter when no knife is in cutting position, and a speed change device between said speed varying mechanism and said cutter, to vary the number of accelerations and decelerations per cycle of rotation of said cutter.

13. A cut-off mechanism for comparatively stiff sheet material including a rotary cutter having a plurality of circumferentially spaced cutting knives removably mounted thereon, and the number'of which may be varied at the will of the operator, a shaft, a transmission between said shaft and said cutter for rotating the cutter to cause each cutting knife to travel with and at the same speed asthe sheet when in cutting position in respect to the sheet, and including a speed varying mechanism for accelerating and decelerating the rotary speed of the cutter when no knife is in cutting position, a speed change device in the transmission between said speed varying mechanism and said cutter for changing the number of accelerations and decelerations per cycle of rotation of said cutter, and a speed change device between said shaft and said speed varying mechanism, to eifect changes in speed ratio between said shaft and the input side of said speed varying mechanism, and means for varying the period of rotation of saidshaft to vary the lengths of the sheets cut.

14. An apparatus for dividing continuously advancing sheet material transversely into sections including a rotary cutter head, having aflixed thereto a plurality of removable cutting knives equally spaced circumferentially around the periphery thereof, a drive shaft, a-transmission between said shaft and said cutter head for driving of the cutter head, to conform in number to the number of cutting knives, without changing the ratio of the rotational period between said cutter head and said drive shaft, means for adjusting the speed of said drive shaft to vary the frequency of cutting operation in accordance with the length of sheet sections to be cut, and means for adjusting the relative rates of speeds of the cutter head in different parts of its cycle so as to maintain the speed of said cutter head at each instant of cutting, substantially the same as the speed of sheet travel.

15. An apparatus for dividing continuously advancing sheet material transversely into sections including a rotary cutter head, having removably aflixed thereto a plurality of cutting knives equally spaced circumferentially around the periphery thereof, a shaft, a transmission between said shaft and said cutter head including a speed varying mechanism for continuously rotating said cutter head at a variable-speed through recurrent cycles, and in a direction to move said knives successively in the same direction as the traveling sheet at the instant of cutting, means for changing the speed ratio between said shaft and the input side of said speed varying mechanism, means for changing the ratio of the rotational period between the output side of said speed varying mechanism and said cutter head, to maintain the ratio of the rotational period between said shaft and said cutter head constant, means for adjusting the speed of said shaft to vary the frequency of cutting operation of said cutter head in accordance with the length of sheet sections to be cut, and means for adjusting the relative rates of speeds of the cutter head in different parts of its cycle, so as to maintain the speed of said cutter head at each instant of cutting substantially the same as the speed of sheet travel.

KARL SIEG.