US2176805A - Brick - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 17, 1939. sc 2,176,805

BRICK Filed May 13, 1937 j! W 10 m y 18 2/ W I 18 12 INVENTOR.

' Josef JoizezlZvL.

BY WM 7 ATTORNEY.

Patented Oct. 17, 1939 UNITED STATES Josef Scheibl,

Wels, Austria. assignor to Juliana Orbell, Brooklyn, N. Y.

Application May 13, 1937, Serial No. 142,338

7 Claims.

This invention refers to building material, and more especially to a hollow brick construction having surface groovesand interlocking -elements on the side and end surfaces.

5 An object of the invention is to provide a brick with an interrupted joint or union for fastening moisture. r

-Finally,, an object is to provide a brick with a hollow section for the purpose of lessening the weight of the brick for the same strength and also for insulating purposes, to prevent the transmission of heat and cold.

All these and other objects are attained by the 'method and means now to be described, and illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in

which- Figure 1 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of the brick comprising this invention.

Fig. 2' is a top plan view of the brick of Fig. 1

of Fig. 1, and A Fig. 4 is a view similar to that of Fig. 2 but showing two bricks with the mortar joints therebetween. a

7 Like numerals refer to like parts throughout 5.5 the several views. r

The brick is, of course, generally rectangular in shape. Its side surfaces |-.lfl have horizontally disposed parallel grooves ll, moulded or otherwise formed in the surfaces during the III ' parallel grooves l2l2 in the upper and lower surfaces as shown. The upper surface also contains two parallel longitudinally disposed' projections or ribs l3 -l3 centrally, positioned as l shown; and the lower'surface contains a somewhat corresponding grooved section ll' as wide as the ribs between and including ribs l3 and of a depth equal to or slightly more than the height of said ribs B. This provides an interlock between $0 the upper and lower surfaces of adjoining bricks when in operative position in the wall.

The ends of the bricks which are opposite one another have a generally flat vertical surface except for two spaced vertically disposed V- shaped notches or grooves lI-IS into which A further object is to-provide a brick with horizontal ridges for resisting the penetration of Fig. 3 is a side elevational view of the brick.

process of manufacture. There. are also similar (c1. "la-41)- mortar l6, Fig. 4, is placed when building the walls of said bricks, for the purpose of retaining them end to end in the wall.

Two centrally disposed horizontal openings 11-" extend completely through the brick'from 5 one end to the other,.-as shown in Fig. 1, and on each side of them are four parallel vertically disposed openings l8-I8 also extending through the brick from one end to the other. It will be noted that the adjacent side openings l8-l8 are.l0 of different heights'with the intermediate horizontal walls staggered as shown, so that a short and a long opening are.position together horizontally to form the staggered separating wall as clearly shown in Fig. 1.

Thus, it will be seen that this invention pro; vides.an improvement in hollow brick having horizontal grooves on horizontal surfaces forming channels in the seams between adjoining brick. 1

The bricks are laid into the wall by pouring the mortar ID from the top to fill the two spaced openings between the brickends formed by the notches l 5-I5 as shown in Fig. 4. This does away with the tiresome application of mortar by hand.

Theopenlngs l1, l8 are'air channels to improve the thermal insulation of the brick as well as to lighten its weight.

Of course it will be understood that the number and shape of the various grooves and ribs as well as air openings may vary according to desire.

The outer grooves H-H, which may be applied to but one side surface as shown, serveto hold the mortar or stucco coating which is applied to the surface of the wall after completion. It serves 'to retain'the stucco permanently as part of the wall surface.

It should be noted also that any moisture which enters from the outside of the wall must pass the vertical grooves l2--l2 and bridge over the ribs l3-I3 and again pass the grooves l2|2 along the innerside of the brick before the moisture can penetrate through to the in- 45 side. This has been found- -from experience to provide 'an effective moisture seal.

It will be further noted that the grooves l5l 5 positioned vertically in the ends 01' the brick are separated by a wall surface from entering the central openings I'I|'l. This means that when adjacent bricks are positioned together and mortar applied to these openings l5 l5 that no portion of it will flow into the central opeiiings l 1 -l'| so there will be a continuous aligned 55 opening or pair 01 openings from one end of the wall to the other. By thus placing a plurality of the bricks in end to end, substantial meeting engagement and then pouring mortar into the spaced channels formed by the vertical walls of the adjacent grooves or recesses in the adjoining bricks, two substantially separate mortar jointsare formed in each pair of adjoining bricks which aid considerably in preventing moisture from passing through the wall so formed. Furthermore, since, as will be apparent from both Figs, 2 and 4, the central end wall portions 20 and the outer end wallportions 2| are on the ,same plane, the portions 2| will be in substantially meeting engagment when the bricks are placed end to end, and accordinglylittle or none of the mortar will pass to the exterior of the wall so formed. Accordingly, one of the surfaces may be use for an attractive outer wall with little or no mortar showing. amount of mortar-will enter the openings 18-", suflicient only to aid in binding the bricks together. These interrupted air spaces, therefore, will also serve additionally for thermal insulation. Note, then, that the mortar joint between the adjacent bricks is interrupted by the hollow spaces l1--I'l" so that in case of a driving rain the mortar prevents the moisture from seeping through.

Bricks of this character have many advantages over ordinary brick. For instance, these hollow bricks are laid piece by piece and the intervals filled with thin flowing mortar, thus afiecting -a mortar possible.

claimed as new and for which Letters Patent the United States is desired, is:

considerable labor saving. The brick, reduces transportation costs due to, its large saving in weight to and on the building site. This saving amounts to from 30 to 40%. The brick also saves in the amount of mortar used through its joint construction, there beingpractically no loss in Tests show that actually only half the mortar is used as with ordinary brick.

Also the strength or reliability of the wall is not dependent upon the carefulnes of the brick layer, since the stability of the work especially at the joints is secured through'the structure of said joints. Also the brick is an ideal plaster carrier,

mortar folds forming on the outer grooves during the placing of the plastering mortar which prevents the dropping off of the plaster or stucco, which condition happens frequently with large surfaces made from ordinary brick. MOI'EOVGIi this type of brick may be laid in the same way as the ordinary brick and the joints filled out, no auxiliary implements being necessary. Furthermore, to obtain the same insulating effect of an ordinary brick'wall of a certain thickness requires a wall only two-thirds as thick when-formed with the hollow brick'oi' this invention. tion of the mortar joints prevents the driving rain and moisture from penetrating. and yet is accomplished with a comparativelylarge-sized hollow brick, something not heretofore accomplished. Finally, withthis type of brick quick Moreover, only a, small The ,interrup- 1. A building brick having a centrally disposed horizontal/opening throughout its length," a plurality of parallel side openings on each side of said horizontal opening, and spaced verticallydisposed notches in its end walls, into which mortar is adapted to be poured to form a joint between adjacent brick ends in a; wall, said a plurality of parallel side openings on each side.

of said horizontal opening, spaced vertically-disposed outwardly-beveled notches in its end walls into which mortar is adapted to be poured to form a joint between adjacent brick ends in a wall, said notches connecting with said side openings only,said horizontal opening and side open-' .ings extending continuously through the brick from end to end.

.each wall section, such upper andv lower wall members also connecting the spaced sidewall sections, the terminals of each side'iwall section having a vertical recess therein extending from --the upper to the lower wall members, whereby when such bricks are laid in end to end engagement a mortar groove will be formed by each adjacent pair of recesses.

6. A building brick comprising upperand lower wallmembersand spaced side wall sections, each side wall section comprising a plurality of spaced, vertical walls, the upper and lower wall members connecting the spaced vertical walls comprising each wall section, such upper,v and lower wall members also connecting the spaced side wall sections, the side wall section being spaced apart a greater distance than the vertical walls comprising each section, a plurality of spaced, longitudinal ribs on the exterior surface of one of thewall members, the other wall member having a longitudinal recess therein adapted to receive the ribs each wan section, such upper and lower members also connecting the spaced side wall sections, a plurality of spaced longitudinal ribs formed on the upper wall, the lower wall having a. longitudinal recess of such width as to receive such ribs formed on the brick immediately therebeneath, each end wall of ,thebrick having a plurality of spaced vertical recesses therein adapted to form vertical mortar grooves when the bricks are laid in end to end engagement.

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