US2168924A - Oscillator system - Google Patents

Oscillator system Download PDF

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Publication number
US2168924A
US2168924A US548656A US54865631A US2168924A US 2168924 A US2168924 A US 2168924A US 548656 A US548656 A US 548656A US 54865631 A US54865631 A US 54865631A US 2168924 A US2168924 A US 2168924A
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United States
Prior art keywords
circuit
anode
cathode
grid
frequency
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Expired - Lifetime
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US548656A
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English (en)
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Jennings B Dow
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to US548656A priority Critical patent/US2168924A/en
Priority to GB32936/31A priority patent/GB377067A/en
Priority to DEW87784D priority patent/DE639357C/de
Priority to FR728642D priority patent/FR728642A/fr
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Publication of US2168924A publication Critical patent/US2168924A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03B—GENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
    • H03B5/00—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input
    • H03B5/18—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising distributed inductance and capacitance
    • H03B5/1817—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising distributed inductance and capacitance the frequency-determining element being a cavity resonator
    • H03B5/1835—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising distributed inductance and capacitance the frequency-determining element being a cavity resonator the active element in the amplifier being a vacuum tube

Definitions

  • My invention relates broadly to oscillator systerns and more particularly to a constant frequency electron tube oscillator system.
  • One of the objects of my invention is to pro- .5 vide a precision type oscillator which is capable of delivering a large amount of useful energy.
  • Another object of my invention is to provide a precision type oscillator whose frequency stability is relatively free from the influence of attached circuits.
  • a further object of my invention is to provide an oscillator circuit, the output portion of which is electrically independent of the frequency determining portion.
  • a still further object of my invention is to provide means for electrostatically shielding those tube elements which are directly associated with the generator portion of the circuit from an element of the tube which is utilized only to derive energy from the system.
  • a still further object of my invention is to provide means for maintaining certain elements of the oscillator tube at relatively large high frequency potentials with respect to ground and at the same time, avoiding the use of choke coils which, when employed at the very high frequencies, introduce design diiilculties.
  • Fig. 1 discloses a circuit embodying the principles of my invention
  • Fig. 2 shows a modified form of circuit
  • Figs. 3 and 4 show still further modified forms of the circuit of my invention.
  • This per- 5 mits the anode structure of the oscillation generator to function as an electrostatic shield to isolate the second anode, which is associated only with the output circuit, from the remaining elements of the tube which are associated with the oscillation generating portion of the circuit.
  • the anode of the oscillation generator In the circuit of my present invention, I prefer to tie the anode of the oscillation generator to ground or what in effect is the same thing, to tie it to the metal box enclosing the circuits. At the same time, I so arrange the circuit that the cathode and grid elements may assume any desired high frequency potentials with respect to ground.
  • the anode which I employ has a screen- 0 like structure so that electrons from the cathode, or electrons resulting from secondary emission from that anode may pass on to the second anode which is associated with the output circuit of the system.
  • the screen-like anode by virtue of its low impedance connection to the metal box or to ground, acts to overcome the coupling effects of distributed capacity in the circuit and at the same time so divides the circuit of the generator and output that the screen-like anode effectively removes the other coupling effects due to interelement capacities.
  • those impedances in the output circuit and those in the generator are uncoupled to such an extent that they are substantially independent.
  • Fig. 1 shows one form of circuit incorporating the principles of my invention in which I is an electron tube including a grid element 2, a cathode element 3, a screen-like anode element 4, and a second anode element 5.
  • Grid capacitor 8 and leak I are shown connected between the grid 2 and inductance coil 8.
  • Inductance coil 8 in combination with capacitor 9 form a resonant circuit H), which is employed with the grid 2, cathode 3, and screen-like anode 4, for generating electric oscillations the frequency of which is substantially determined by resonant circuit l8.
  • Either the inductance 8 or capacitor 9 or both, may be made variable for adjusting the frequency of oscillation.
  • One end of inductance coil 8 is connected to ground I I.
  • the screen-like anode element 4 is virtually tied to ground.
  • Cathode element 3 is heated by battery l3.
  • the inductance 8, in the case of Fig. 1, consists of a hollow conductor enclosing conductor l4 which connects one terminal of the cathode 3 with battery l3.
  • the other terminal of cathode 3 connects to battery l3 through the hollow conductor itself which serves jointly as inductance 8.
  • Tap connection I5 to battery i3a supplies the screen-like anode 4 at the necessary potential.
  • By-pass capacitors are shown at l6 and H.
  • the second anode 5 connects through inductance 18 to battery l3a for supplying the desired potential to anode 5.
  • This second resonant circuit serves as an output circuit for the system. If the circuit of Fig. 1 is employed as a master oscillator for a radio transmitter, I have found it convenient to connect subsequent stages of the transmitter at 2
  • and 22 or reaction due to changing the electrical constants of resonant circuit 20 has a negligible effect upon the frequency of oscillation determined by resonant circuit ill in the oscillation generating portion of the circuit.
  • the oscillation generating portion of the circuit of Fig. 1 serves to generate oscillations at a predetermined frequency and controls the flow of electrons from the cathode 3 through the screen-like anode 4 to the second anode 5.
  • the latter'anode acts just as though it were a cathode which emitted pulses of electrons into the field between the two anodes at a frequency determined by the generator.
  • the inductance 8 of Fig. 1 which serves both as a portion of the resonant circuit I0 and as the means for supplying cathode heating energy from battery I3, may take many forms of construction. It may be in the form of a metallic tube as shown, or may take the form of a U shaped conductor whose sectional boundary includes return conductor I4 for supplying cathode heating energy.
  • FIG. 2 A modified arrangement of the circuit of my invention is shown in Fig. 2 in which reference characters I, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 1, 9, 10, M, i2, 13, Ba, l5, l8, l1, l8, 2
  • the inductance 23 in resonant circuit in of Fig. 2 consists in part of two parallel conductors for supplying the necessary cathode heating energy from battery i3. These two conductors are denoted respectively by reference characters 24 and 25.
  • blocking capacitors 26 and 21 serve also to close the resonant circuit i0 and thus serve as'a portion of resonant circuit iii.
  • inductance I8 is employed alone in the output circuit in lieu of a resonant circuit as shown by reference character of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a further modified form of the system of my invention in which the resonant circuit 28, consisting of the inductance 29 and the capacitor 30, fixes the frequency of oscillation.
  • the circuit condition required for oscillation is satisfied by coupling the grid circuit inductively by auxiliary inductance 3
  • the screenlike anode 4 of Fig. 3 is connected to ground H through the low impedance blocking capacitor l2.
  • By-pass capacitor 32 is connected as shown.
  • the cathode 3 is heated by battery I! through inductance, 29 and its contained conductor It.
  • the output circuit anode 5 of Fig. 3 is connected through resistor 33 to battery I30 for supplying anode I at the desired frequency.
  • Fig. 4 shows a still further modified form of the circuit of my invention in which the cathode is heated by battery l3 through the intermedi- It will be noted that the grid capacitor 6 and leak l are shown in a different position than in the'preceding figures. When in the position shown in Fig. 4, it is desirable to make capacitor 6 sufficiently large as to have a very low impedance at the oscillator Split capacitor 36 and. inductance 31 form resonant circuit 38 which is adjusted to the frequency of oscillation desired.
  • Tuning circuit 20 through resonance at the fundamental frequency causes the frequency of oscillation to shift 0.005 per cent.
  • Tuning circuit 20 through resonance at the second harmonic of the fundamental frequency causes the frequency to shift 0.0015 per cent.
  • a system for the production of high frequency energy having a generator comprising an electron tube having a cathode, anode and control electrode, sources of potential for energizing said electrodes, a resonant circuit, said resonant circuit including ahollow tubular inductance apertured intermediate the ends thereof, an insulated conductor extending through the tube of said inductance, connections between one of said sources of potential to said inductance and to said insulated conductor, and connections from said cathode to said inductance and to the conductor therein through the apertured por-' tion of said inductance, in combination with an auxiliary element in ,the electron stream of said generator in said tube and an output circuit for said system disposed between said auxiliary element and said anode, and means including said anode electrode for electrostatically shielding said cathode and control electrode from said auxiliary element.
  • An alternating current source having a generator comprising at least three elements of an electron tube and interconnecting external circuits, in combination with a tube element additional to those forming a part of said generator, means including one of said first mentioned elements for substantially shielding the electron stream between the elements of said generator from the alternating component of the electric field of said additional element, and an output circuit disposed between the element of said means and said additional element.
  • a generator of high frequency oscillations comprising a cathode element, control element and screen-like anode element of an electron tube arranged with external circuits and sources of supply potential for the generation of oscillational to those forming a part of said generator,
  • means including said screen-like anode element for substantially shielding said control element from the high frequency component of the electric field of said additional element, and an output circuit disposed between said additional tube element and said screen-like anode element.
  • a source of high frequency energy having an electron tube including oscillation producing elements, circuits interconnecting the oscillation producing elements of said tube and a power supply and comprising an oscillation generator, in combination with an additional element positioned in spaced relation to one of said oscillation producing elements so as to be in the electron stream of said generator, a circuit having variable electrical constants interconnecting externally of said tube said additional element and the element in spaced relation to which it is disposed and means including the last mentioned element for electrostatically shielding the electron stream between said oscillation producing elements from high frequency variations of potential of said additional element.
  • a source of high frequency energy having an electron tube the cathode, control electrode and grid-like anode of which in combination with external circuits constitute an oscillation generator, a power supply connected to said circuits for the generation of oscillations, an additional electrode positioned in said tube in the electron stream of said generator, high frequency output means for said source disposed between said additional electrode and said grid-like anode and means including said grid-like anode for substantially electrostatically shielding said control electrode from said additional electrode for high frequency potential variations existent across said output means.
  • a source of high frequency energy according to claim '7 in which said power supply is so connected to the electrodes of said tube as to render said additional element electro-positive with respect to said cathode.
  • a source of high frequency energy according to claim 11 in which said multiple conductor inductance comprises a tubular conductor enclosing a second conductor which is insulated therefrom.
  • a source of high frequency energy comprising an electron tube having a cathode, control electrode, grid-like anode and an additional element arranged in the order named, a resonant circuit and a source of potential interposed between said cathode, control electrode and gridlike anode to provide an oscillation generator, an output circuit for said source interposed between said additional element and at least one of the elements included in said oscillation generator, and means comprising a path of low radio frequency impedance connected between said grid-like anode and ground for maintaining the grid-like anode at substantially zero high frequency potential whereby said grid-like anode electrostatically shields the remaining electrodes comprising said oscillation generator from said additional element.
  • An electron discharge apparatus including an electron tube having a cathode element, control element, grid-like anode element, and an additional element positioned in the order named, means for maintaining said control element, said grid-like anode element, and said additional element at predetermined potentials with respect to said cathode element, a circuit including an impedance connected between said cathode element and control element, a second circuit including an impedance connected between said cathode element and said grid-like anode element, means for regeneratively cou-' pling said circuits, an output circuit including a tuned resonant circuit and a portion of said second circuit disposed between said grid-like anode element and said additional element, said output circuit being substantially reactanceless at the frequency for which said first circuits are regenerative over that portion of said output circuit which is common to said second circuit.

Landscapes

  • Inductance-Capacitance Distribution Constants And Capacitance-Resistance Oscillators (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
  • Control Of Electrical Variables (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)
US548656A 1931-07-03 1931-07-03 Oscillator system Expired - Lifetime US2168924A (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US548656A US2168924A (en) 1931-07-03 1931-07-03 Oscillator system
GB32936/31A GB377067A (en) 1931-07-03 1931-11-27 Thermionic valve oscillator systems
DEW87784D DE639357C (de) 1931-07-03 1931-12-17 Roehrengenerator
FR728642D FR728642A (fr) 1931-07-03 1931-12-19 Système oscillateur à tube électronique à fréquence constante

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US548656A US2168924A (en) 1931-07-03 1931-07-03 Oscillator system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2168924A true US2168924A (en) 1939-08-08

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US548656A Expired - Lifetime US2168924A (en) 1931-07-03 1931-07-03 Oscillator system

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US2168924A (de)
DE (1) DE639357C (de)
FR (1) FR728642A (de)
GB (1) GB377067A (de)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2419793A (en) * 1944-03-08 1947-04-29 Rca Corp Ultra high frequency electron discharge device circuit
US2431233A (en) * 1944-04-21 1947-11-18 Gen Motors Corp Supersonic measuring means
US2455824A (en) * 1944-11-30 1948-12-07 Philco Corp Harmonic generator
US2456029A (en) * 1942-07-30 1948-12-14 Rca Corp Thermionic tube circuits
US2525053A (en) * 1945-08-01 1950-10-10 Rca Corp Multirange oscillator circuits
US2611873A (en) * 1950-02-24 1952-09-23 Frank M Gager Bridge oscillator

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2456029A (en) * 1942-07-30 1948-12-14 Rca Corp Thermionic tube circuits
US2419793A (en) * 1944-03-08 1947-04-29 Rca Corp Ultra high frequency electron discharge device circuit
US2431233A (en) * 1944-04-21 1947-11-18 Gen Motors Corp Supersonic measuring means
US2455824A (en) * 1944-11-30 1948-12-07 Philco Corp Harmonic generator
US2525053A (en) * 1945-08-01 1950-10-10 Rca Corp Multirange oscillator circuits
US2611873A (en) * 1950-02-24 1952-09-23 Frank M Gager Bridge oscillator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE639357C (de) 1936-12-03
GB377067A (en) 1932-07-21
FR728642A (fr) 1932-07-08

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