US2166445A - Ventilating window sash - Google Patents

Description

July 112%, 1%39.

H. M. M CLURE VENTILATING WINDOW SASH Filed March 3, 1957 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Hi 1 lllllHHHHlllllIllilllllllllll July 18, 1939; H. M. M CLURE VENTILATING WINDOW SASH 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Avmwrwe Filed March 5, 1957 Patented July 18, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 6 Claims.

My present invention relates to window structures and has for its object to improve the same in the several particulars hereinafter noted. Generally stated, the invention consists of the novel devices, combinations of devices and arrangement of parts hereinafter described and whereby lcertain improved results are obtained. While capable of more general application the inven- .tion is particularly directed to the improvement of window structures for public buildings such as ofiice buildings, schoolhouses and hospitals.

Among the main objects of the invention are the provision of a window structure that may be readily incorporated at reasonably low cost; that will afford easily adjustable means for providing ventilation without causing drafts across the low er or occupied zones of the interior of the structure; that will afford means for equally distributing the air throughout a room equipped with a plurality of windows; and that will be tight against the leakage of air when the window is closed and will be storm-proof when opened. Rain, for example, will not be caused to enter the room through the open ventilating spaces.

In this preferred arrangement hereinafter illustrated the complete window is equipped with an upper or relatively fixed main sash and with a movable lower or supplemental sash that is made adjustable for the purpose of ventilation. The window structure is adapted for application either to masonry or ordinary wall structures. In the "accompanying drawings, which illustrate the invention in a commercial form, the window structure, as shown, is applied in what is assumed to be a brick or masonry wall.

Referring to the drawings, wherein like characters indicate like parts throughout the several Views:

Fig. 1 is a View showing a window structure and a portion of a wall, looking at the same from a position in a room of a. building;

Fig, 2 is an enlarged section taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1, some parts being broken away;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary detail in horizontal section taken on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a. fragmentary section taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary section taken on the line 55 of Fig. 1, on an enlarged scale;

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary section taken on the line 66 of Fig. 5; and

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary view in perspective, showing a portion of the movable sash and a portion of one of the side Windshields, the latter being removed from the window frame.

The wall of a building such as a schoolhouse, for example, is indicated as an entirety by the =numeral In. This wall has window openings in which are placed window frames H with vertical outside stop strips I2, sometimes designated as 5 blind stops and which, as shown, are interlocked in the wall to the jambs of the window frame. At the bottom of the window frame is the customary inside stool l3, from which extends outwardly and downwardly the customary sill plate l4, Set into the window frame II and closing the major upper portion thereof is a. main sash l5, which, in this preferred arrangement, is a relatively fixed sash member. To complete closing of the window opening a lower or supplemental sash I6 is fitted into the window frame. This sash l6, when closed, presses against the vertical stop strips I2, and its lower edge closely engages the window sill l4 and. the outer edge portion. of the stool l3, thereby forming an airtight joint. To form an airtight joint between the upper edge of the sash l6 and the lower edge of the main sash l5, the said sashes are fitted together by a bevelled rabbeted joint ll, best shown in Fig. 2.

By reference particularly to Fig. 3, it will be noted that the stop strip l2 by a tongue and groove is interlocked to the window frame I l and extends both laterally outward and inward of said frame so that the inwardly projecting edge serves as a stop for the window sash and its grooved outwardly projecting edge is embedded in the masonry or concrete of the building. This stop strip, somtimes also designated as a blind stop, therefor serves as an anchor for the window frame and also assists in aligning the fixed upper sash with the closed position of the lower sash.

The sash I6 is mounted for inward swinging movements to open the window for ventilation, and this is accomplished by simple and novel means, a preferred form of which is illustrated in the drawings and, as shown, comprises the following devices and arrangement. Secured to the faces of the jambs by screws I8 are like or laterally spaced parallel substantially triangular plates l9, preferably made of sheet metal, The oblique inside edges of these plates l9 have inturned stop flanges 20, the lower edges of which extend to the angle formed by engagement of the stool l3 and lower edge of the sash l6 when the latter is closed. In fact, as it will presently be noted, the adjacent sash l6, even when opened, does not leave contact with the adjacent edge of the stool l3, see Fig. 2. At their upper edges the plates H], see particularly Figs. 2 and 4, are bent upon themselves first downwardly, then outwardly, then upwardly and then inwardly, as indicated at 2|, to form trunnion channels 22 and supporting rails 23. These rails 23, for a purpose which will presently be noted, are provided with notches 24. To support the. lower sash 16 for opening and closing movements it is provided at its upper edge with hangar brackets 25 and trunnions 26, The brackets 25 are secured to the sash l6 by screws 21 or the like, and the trunnions 26 are provided with roller-like heads 28 that work in the channels 22, while the trunnions 26 rest on the rail portions 23 and in one or the other notches 24. The trunnions 26 may be and are preferably journaled in the brackets 25. The engagement of the rollers or heads 28 in the channels 22 holds the Plates l9 against spreading movements even when the latter are of quite thin sheet metal.

As best shown in Fig. '7, the movable lower sash IE3 at its lower edge is bevelled or cut away to fit against oblique joint flanges formed on the lower portions of the side plates 19, see also Fig. 5. The rails 23 are formed at their outer end portions to afford sash lifting cam surfaces 23a that incline inwardly and upwardly with respect to the arc of a circle aa (see Fig. 2) having its axis at the upper ouside edge a of the stool l3, and which are has a radius (see broken line b) equal to the distance between the outside upper edge a of the stool l3 and the rail engaging portions of the trunnions 26.. For purpose which will he made apparent from the :operation,.the cam surfaces 230; of the rails 23 intersect the arc a--a at a point inward of the extreme sash closed positions of the trunnions so-that when the sash is closed the trunnions will be completely disengaged from the rails and the sash will rest upon its lower portion. As will be evident from the drawings, the angularity of the upwardly and inwardly inclining surfaces of the bevelled rab beted joint I! approximately correspondsto and is at least as great as that of the sash lifting cam surfaces 23a, so that the lower sash will not bind against the upper sash-under inward movements of the sash trunnions 26 over the-cam surfaces 23a.

With the arrangement illustrated, the lower sash, when closed, rests upon the sill and is wedged between the stool I3 and the. flanges 30. The sash is opened by pulling inwardly on the upper portion thereof. Under the first slight inward movement of the upper portion of the sash, the trunnions 26 will engage their respective cooperating guide rail cam surfaces 23a; and under continued inward movement of the trunnions over the cam surfaces 23a, the upper portion of the sash will be moved inwardly and the entire lower sash will be raised bodily off of the sill l4 while the lower inside portion thereof slides and fulcrums on the outer top edge a of the stool l3. The lift thus imparted to the lower sash under its initial slight inward pivotal movement will raise the lower portion of the sash out of wedging engagement between oblique outer edge of the stool l3 and the oblique flanges 30, so that the sash is thereafter free to move pivotally without binding at its lower portion. The oppositely oblique angles of the stool and flanges 30 are important in that they form between them upwardly flaring channels which permit, without bfilding, the required initial compound upward raising and inward movement of the sash. The angularity of the rails 23 inwardly of the cam surfaces 23a is such that under continued inward movement of the trunnions thereover the sash will be continually held in suspension, but will not at any time be raised above the outside upper edge a of the stool l3. The object is to have the sash raised off of its lower edge and held in a state of suspension under all inward pivotal openingmovements after initial engagementof the trunnions with the cam surfaces 23a and to have the lower portion of the sash rest, slide or rock as a fulcrum on the edge a of the stool l3 in all open or partially open positions of the sash, and this even when the trunnions 26 are dropped into any one of the several retaining notches 24.

As evident, the sash Hi can be opened to a greater or less extent and set in different positions for different amounts of ventilation simply by resting the trunnions 26 in the desired notch 24, This is highly important where, in such places as schoolhouses, a large number of windows are placed in the same wall and where a small amount of ventilation through each window is desirable. Obviously, the teacher or the person can, for example, set all of the windows uniformly in the first, second or third notch, or the like, thereby insuring this desired even ventilation with a small amount of fresh air distributed to the different parts of the room. Throughout adjustments of the lower sash its side edges will keep quite close engagement with the side plates IQ so that the latter act as Windshields, causing all of the air let into the room to take an upper or vertical course, thus avoiding horizontal drafts in the room and especially in the lower part of the room or that part of the room occupied by the students.

For tightly securing and locking the sash in a closed position any suitable fasteners or looks may be provided such as the customary turn button latches indicated by the numeral 3| on Fig. 1.

It is obvious that both the upper and lower sash may be glazed in any suitable manner so far as this invention is concerned; and it will be understood that the structure illustrated is capable of various modifications as to details of construction and arrangement of parts, all within the scope of the invention herein disclosed and claimed.

What I claim is:

1. In a window structure, a window frame having sash mounted therein, at least one of said sash being movable, and vertical stop strips interlocked to the sides of said window frame and projecting both laterally inward and outward of said frame, the inwardly projecting edges thereof serving as stops for the sash and the outwardly projecting portions of said stop strips being embedded in the masonry work and thereby serving to anchor said frame to the wall structure.

2. In a window structure, a window frame provided at its opposite sides with vertical sash engaging stop strips and at its lower portion with an inside stool, an upper sash occupying the upper portion of said frame, a lower sash occupyin the lower portion of said frame, said lower sash extending between the sill of the window frame and the lower edge of the upper sash and outwardly engaging said vertical stop strips, the outer edge of said inside stool being in engagement with the lower inside edge portion of the lower sash when the lower sash is closed and serving to hold the lower portion of the. lower sash pressed against the vertical stop strips, supporting rails extending inwardly from opposite sides of the window frame laterally adjacent opposite vertical edges of the lower sash and from a plane closely adjacent that of the upper horizontal edge of the lower sash, and trunnion means provided on the lower sash and projecting over said rails, said rails being formed adjacent the window frame to afford sash lifting cam surfaces that taper upwardly and inwardly from the arc of a circle struck from the outside upper corner of said stool and which arc has a radius equal to the distance between the outside upper edge of said stool and the rail engaging portions of said trunnions, said initial cam surfaces intersecting said are at a point inward of the sash closed posi tions of the trunnions so that the trunnions will be free thereof when the sash is closed but will engage the same under initial inward movements of the sash, and said cam surfaces being of such angularity and extent that under movements of the trunnions thereon the lower sash will be lifted thereby a distance sufficient to bring the lower edge portion thereof out of wedging engagement between the stool and vertical stop strips but which distance does not exceed the vertical height of the stool, those portions of the guide rails inwardly of said initial cam surfaces bearing such relation to said are that under movement of the trunnions thereover the lower sash will be held in suspension by said rails.

3. In a window structure, a window frame, a window sash mounted in said frame, stop means for limiting outward movement of the sash, supporting rails extending inwardly from opposite sides of the window frame laterally adjacent opposite vertical edges of the sash, trunnion means provided at opposite upper side portions of the sash and projecting laterally over said supporting rails, said supporting rails being formed adjacent the window frame to afford sash lifting cam surfaces that taper upwardly and inwardly from the arc of a circle having its axis in the vicinity of the lower edge of the sash and which arc has a radius equal to the measurement between its axis and the rail engaging portions of the trunnions, said initial sash lifting cam surfaces intersecting said are at a point inward of the sash closed positions of the trunnions, so that the trunnions will be free thereof and the sash will rest upon its lower edge portion when in an extreme closed position but will engage the cam surface under initial inward movements of the upper portion of the sash, said cam surfaces being of such angularity and extent that under movement of the trunnions thereon the sash will be lifted and held in suspension thereby, those portions of the guide rails inward of the sash lifting cam surfaces being shaped to retain the sash in suspended condition under movements of the trunnions thereover, and means slidably engaging the lower portion of the sash and serving as a fulcrum for the sash under inward opening pivotal movements of the sash.

4. In a window structure, a window frame, a window sash mounted in said frame and being free for inward movements except at its lower edge portion, stop: means limiting outward movement of the sash to a normal closed position, means engaging the lower portion of the sash and preventing direct inward movements thereof and serving as a fulcrum about which the sash will move pivotally when the upper portion thereof is moved inwardly to open position, at least one supporting rail extending inwardly from the window frame, trunnion means provided on the upper portion of the sash and extending over said rail, said rail being formed at its end portion adjacent to the window frame to afford a sash lifting cam surface that tapers upwardly and inwardly from the arc of a circle having its radius in the vicinity of the lower edge of the sash and which are has a radius equal to the measurement between its axis and the rail engaging portion of the trunnion means, said initial sash lifting cam surface intersecting said are at a point inward of the sash closed position of the trunnion means so that said trunnion means will be free thereof and sash will rest upon its lower edge when in an extreme closed position but will engage cam surface under initial inward movement of the upper portion of the sash, said cam surface being of such angularity and extent that under movement of the trunnion thereon the sash will be lifted and held in suspension thereby, those portions of the guide rail inward of the sash lifting cam surface being shaped to retain the sash in suspended condition under movements of the trunnions thereof.

5. In a window structure, a window frame provided at its opposite sides with vertical sash enaging stop strips and at its lower portion overlying the sill and, inwardly spaced from said stop strips, with an inside stool, an upper sash occupying the upper portion of said frame and outwardly engaging said stop strips, a lower sash occupying the lower portion of said frame, said lower sash extending between the sill of the window frame and the lower edge of the upper sash and when closed outwardly engaging said Vertical stop strips and inwardly engaging the stool, supporting rails extending inwardly from opposite sides of the window frame laterally adjacent opposite vertical edges of the lower sash and in plane closely adjacent the upper edge of the sash, and trunnions anchored on the lower sash and projecting over said rails, said rails being formed adjacent the window frame to afford sash lifting cam surfaces that taper upwardly and inwardly from the arc of a circle struck from the outside upper corner of a stool and which are has a radius equal to the distance between the outside upper edge of the stool and the rail engaging portions of said trunnions, said initial cam surfaces intersecting said are at a point inward of the sash closed positions of the trunnion, so that said trunnions will be free thereof when the sash is closed but will engage the same under initial inward sash opening movements, and said cam surfaces being of such angularity and extent as to lift the lower edge of the sash clear of the sill under inward pivotal movements of the upper portion of the sash without lifting the lower edge of the sash above the top of the stool, those portions of the guide rails inwardly of the initial cam surfaces bearing such relation of said are that under movement of the trunnion thereover the lower sash will be held in suspension by said rails, the abutting edges of the upper and lower sash being bevelled upwardly and inwardly at an angle at least as great as that of the initial cam surfaces of the guide rails so as to permit initial compound inward and upward movement of the lower sash.

6. The structure defined in claim 5 in which the said guide rails inwardly of the cam surfaces are formed with trunnion receiving notches and in which all trunnion engaging portions of the guide rails inwardly of the cam surfaces are above said arc.

HUGH M. MCCLURE.

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