US2166415A - Weaver's loom - Google Patents

Description

Ju ly 18, 1939. H. A. LERVAD 2,166,415

WEAVER S LOOM Filed June 15, 1937 7 HARALD A'NDERSEN L ERVAD BY W WTTORNf-IYS Patented July 18, 1939 UNITED STATES WEAVER S LOOM Harald Andersen Lervad, Askov, Vejen, Denmark Application June 15,1957, Serial N6. 148.3%

1 Claim.

The present invention relates to a loom, the advantage of which is that it is constructed of only a few parts, which can be assembled in a minute by anybody, so that, when not in use, it occupies but very little space. Furthermore, the construction of the loom is simplified to such degree that everybody can learn to work it in a very short time. This is due to the Very simple principle of the loom, which is so constructed that three functions, i. e., adjustment of the width of the warp in the course of rolling-up on the beam, change of the partition, and, finally, the ieashing of the threads into cloth, which in a treadle loom are effected by means of three individual parts of the loom, that is the raddle, the

heddles, and the swing frame with the reed, are in the present loom effected by one tool only, namely the loose raddle, which is made in different finenesses, accordingly as the cloth is to be coarser or finer.

The drawing shows:

Fig. 1 a loom according to the invention in top-view,

Fig. 2 the same in side-view with some hand wheels removed,

Fig. 3 a section on the line 33 in Fig. 1,

Fig. 4 part of a raddle,

Fig. 5 a cross-section of a roller, called a beam.

The Figs. 4 and 5 are drawn to a larger scale than the other figures.

I and 2 are uniform sidepieces, interjoined with a cross-piece 3 by means of bolts with winged nuts 4. In each end of the side-pieces there are bearings 5 and 6 respectively. In the bearings 5 a roller I, serving as a warp beam, is rotatably mounted. In the bearings 6 arotatable roller I5, serving as a cloth beam, is likewise mounted. An upright support 20 is fixed on each of the sidepieces I and 2 by means of a bolt with winged nut 22 which is movable in a slit 2| in the sidepieces I and 2. In. the supports 20, in which are made three notches 23, 24 and 25 a raddle with its upper list II] is placed in the center notch 24 when beaming the loom. On the ends of this raddle are arranged two balls 28, serving as handles. The raddle consists of a lattice, the connected ends of which are fixed in the upper list I0 and the lower list 26; The lattice consists of a series of equally wide lattice bars II, each containing a hole with rounded edges I2. Every second of the warp threads are carried through an interspace l3 between the lattice bars II, whereas every other thread is carried through a corresponding hole I2. When in this way the threads have been carried through the raddle the width of the cloth to be made, the foremost ends are knitted together in pairs and hooked in the notches 8 on teeth 8, which are arranged in the warp beam I, after which against either side of the teeth 8 stretching pieces 9 are placed, and secured by screws 9. The stretching pieces 9 serve to form an even underlayer for the warp threads, which are rolled on the warp beam 'i, while the raddle acts in its first function as a raddle, dividing in the course of rolling-up the warp threads evenly on the beam in the width of the cloth to be made. After this the hindmost ends of the warp threads are tied together in pairs and hooked on to the teeth of the cloth beam I5, and the stretching pieces I6 are placed on either side of the teeth I4. Now the shed or partition in the warps is formed by grasping the balls on the upper lists of the raddle and placing them in the topmost notch 25. Thereby the threads, which pass through the holes I2 of the raddle ID, are raised to the uppermost position, thus forming a shed through the threads which pass through the interspaces of the raddle I 3. The opposite shed is formed by placing the upper list of the raddle in the lowest notches 23, by

which the threads through the holes I2 again form a shed through the threads which pass through the interspaces of the raddle I3. From this it appears that the threads passing through the interspaces of the raddle I3 always remain standing in the same position, whereas the threads passing the holes of the raddle I2 are moved alternately up and down, thereby forming the shed necessary for the weaving. Thereby the raddle exercises its function, replacing the heddles necessary in the treadle-looms. Through the consecutively formed sheds the weft, also called the shoot, is carried by means of the shuttle, and every time this is done the balls on the upper list of the raddle are grasped, and the shoot is pushed forward by the raddle. Thereby the raddle exercises its third function, acting in the same way as the swing frame with the reed of the treadle-looms. To produce the necessary tightening of the warp in the course of weaving, A

ratchet wheels I! are fixed to the warp beam "I and the cloth beam I5, with which some rotatable pawls I8, arranged on the sidepieces I and 2, can cooperate. On the warp beam I and the cloth beam I5 hand wheels I9 are placed outside the r I claim:

A loom comprising a frame having a pair of longitudinal side members, bearings supported at the ends of said side members, a warp beam roller mounted in the bearings at one end of the frame, said warp beam roller having a series of teeth adapted to receive the ends of the warp threads to be rolled on said beam prior to weaving, a cloth beam roller mounted in the bearings at the other end of the frame adapted to receive the cloth to be woven, a combined raddle heddle and swing frame positioned between said warp and cloth beams, said combined raddle heddle and swing frame comprising a lattice frame having a plurality of alternate vertical slots through which alternate warp threads are passed and vertical bars each having an intermediate hole through which the other warp threads are passed, each side of the frame having a longitudinal slot formed therein, an upright support slidingly adjustably carried by the slot in each side of the frame and each support provided with a series of three vertically spaced notches, a supporting rod carried by the upper portion of said lattice frame and adapted to be positioned in the intermediate series of notches for threading said loom, in the upper series for raising the warp threads passing through the holes in said bars and in the lower series for lowering the warp threads passing through the holes in said bars, and means for securing said upright supports in adjusted positions.

HARALD ANDERSEN LERVAD.

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