Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
  • D06M15/03—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
  • D06M15/05—Cellulose or derivatives thereof
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
  • Y10T428/31971—Of carbohydrate
  • Y10T428/31975—Of cellulosic next to another carbohydrate
  • Y10T428/31978—Cellulosic next to another cellulosic
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
  • Y10T442/2402—Coating or impregnation specified as a size

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a process of treating textile material (whether in the form of woven fabrics or spun goods such as yarn) by coating, impregnating, filling, dressing, weight- 5 ing, sizing, printing or the like by means of cellulose'or of cellulose derivatives or of cellulose compounds. It is based on the discovery that the textile materials attain excellent properties when the cellulose .or its derivatives or compounds are deposited on, or in the fibers of the textile ma;-
• a convenient way of obtaining the solution from which cellulose may be regenerated or pre- 1 cipitated consists for example in injecting-air or another gas into a viscose so as to produce an emulsion of gas bubbles in the viscose.
• viscose or cellulose solution 40 may be added to the viscose or cellulose solution 40 various other substances, for'instance softening agents such as 'glycerine, soap, Turkey-redoil, glucose, castor oil or parafiin oil.
• for'instance softening agents such as 'glycerine, soap, Turkey-redoil, glucose, castor oil or parafiin oil.
• the apparent specific gravity of the cellulose or of the cellulose derivative deposited on, orin, the textile fibre in thepresent invention is almost incredibly lower than the 35 apparent specific gravity of the cellulose deposited on, or in, the fibre in the processes in which emulsions (as in Patent 1,829,905) of. a gas in viscose or cellulose solutions are used, I
• the fibre Whilst the ap- 40 parent specific gravity of cellulose regenerated from viscose in, or on, the fibre is about 1.5 to 1.6, and whilst the apparent specific gravity of the cellulose deposited in, or .on, the fibre from an emulsion of a gas in viscose (for example ac- .45 cording to the process described in my U. S. Patent- 1,829,905) is, at theoutside, 1.2 to 1.3, according to the presentinvention itis possible to reduce the apparent specific gravity of the cellulose regenerated from viscose far below 1.2 and even down to 0.5 or even down to 0.1 to 0.2.
• a gas in viscose for example ac- .45 cording to the process described in my U. S. Patent- 1,829,905
• the cellulose or the cellulose compound or cellulose derivative associated with the textile material according to the present invention is so intimately amalgamated with the textile fibre that the fastness towards rubbing, or bending or laundering of the final products is even then highly remarkable'even when unusually large amounts of mineral fillers (for example talc or china clay) are incorporated with the lather or the solution or paste to be transformed into'lather.
• mineral fillers for example talc or china clay
• a suitable solution of cellulose for example in cuprammonia solution, or in a zinc chloride solution, or in a mixture of caustic alkali solution with guanidine or with urea or thiourea or another suitable member of the group of ammonia derivatives of CO2 or CS2, or in a solution of a thiocyanate, for example calcium thiocyanate, or a suitable solution of a conversion or oxidation or degradation product of cellulose, or of mercerized cellulose, in short 01 any of the ,cellulosic materials proposed for being employed in the industry of solutions of cellulose, or of a suitable cellulose derivative, such as a suitable cellulose ester of lower stage of esterification, or
• a-suitable cellulose ether for example ethyl cellulose or methyl cellulose of a low degree of etherification, or of a suitable N-substituted thiourethane of cellulose, for example a 'phenyl thiourethane of cellulose, or of cellulose xanthate (viscose)- -which expression ,is intended to include xanthates of cellulose or of its conversion degradationor oxidation-products, in short of all cellulosic materials that have been proposed as parent materials for the manufacture of cellulose xanthate, (viscose) or 'of other cellulose derivatives-or of another suitable cellulose derivative containing a CSS-group, for instance of a cellulose xantho-fatty acid, or of a product resulting from contacting a cellulose xanthate (or a xanthate of another cellulosic body or another cellulosic compound containing a 055-.
• a halogen derivative of a dior polyhydric alcohol e. g. a chlorhydrin
• a halogen derivative of a dior polyhydric alcohol e. g. a chlorhydrin
• one 'or more of the reagents e. g. halogen fatty acids or their salts or esters set forth in my Patent 2,087,981
• reagents e. g. halogen derivatives of sulphur derivatives of dior polyhydric alcohols set forth in my U. S. Patent 2,100,968, or with one or more of the reagents (water-soluble organic bodies which contain halogen, nitrogen and hydroxyl, all linked to carbon atoms in' an aliphatic nucleus), or a solution of a xanthated derivative of an alkyl or aralkyl or hydroxy-alkyl ether of a cellulosic body as described in my U. S.
• the reagents water-soluble organic bodies which contain halogen, nitrogen and hydroxyl, all linked to carbon atoms in' an aliphatic nucleus
• the solution or paste of the cellulosic body may be transformed into a lather by mechanical means, for example by violet agitation or beating of the solution or paste orby blowing into, or
• the solution or paste a veryviolent current of air or of another gas, in short by any one of the well-known methods for producing lather or foam.
• the experience gained hitherto has however taught me that it is very diflicult and in many cases even impossible, by purely mechanical means, to transform the solutions or pastes in question into so stiff,- voluminous and stable a lather as they yield when substances capable of creating lather such as bodies belonging to the group of saponins, for example saponin-quillajin (quillaja-saponin), githagin (saponin of agrostemm'a githago) or the like, proteins, degradation products of the latter such as peptones or albumoses, soaps, solvenol (sodium salt of benzyl sulphanilic acid) in the presence or absence of sodium carbonate, monopol oil, Turkey red oil, monopol soap (a well known sulphonated castor oil soap) dyestuffs capable of creating la
• the dispersed phase being a gas
• a gas must be present when the solution or paste is transformed into lather. I prefer to use for this purpose air, but, 'if desired, any' other gas, such as nitrogen or hydrogen or carbon dioxide may be used.
• Example 1 to (d) (a) 18 parts of Marseilles soap dissolved, in 720 parts of water are addedto 1428 parts of a viscose taining about 6.5 per lose and 8 per cent.
• the dressed material in the wet state or is introduced into any after intermediate drying, precipitating bath known in the viscose art, such as the so-called Mueller-bath, for instance a bath containing per litre-160 Instead of a precipitating bath that has only. onthe viscose, a so-called a coagulating effect salts, or of organic substances.
• precipitating bath known in the viscose art, such as the so-called Mueller-bath, for instance a bath containing per litre-160
• a so-called a coagulating effect salts or of organic substances.
• the Lilienfeld-p'rocess can also be employed in" a two-bath system in which case the impregnated material is first introduced into a bath that has only a coagulating eflect on the viscose 'and then "into a bath that has a plasticising efiect on' the freshly coagulated viscose.
• Mueller bath or any modifi or not in addition to the purely-coagulating constituents, such as acids and/or acid or neutral salts, they contain any other inorganic or organic (liquid, oily, crystalline or colloidal) substance or substances.
• Acid esters formed from a polyhydricaliphatic on of oneor more or the following for example oxy- (hydroxy hmethylsulphonic acid. or methionic acid or methylor ethylsulphonic acid or a mineral oil orbehzene-sulphonicacid or phenol-,p
• Carboxy-organo-nnneral acids for example sulphono-di-acetic acid or sulpho-acetic acid by itself or in admixture with sulphuric acid, or
• any other'plasticising'agent or equivalent for strong mineral acid i v l
• the strong sulphuric acid ,or other mineral acids or other plasticising agents mentioned above may be used alone or (so -far as isin organic substances, such as glycerme, or a sugar; a salt of an organic base,'f0r instance an-aniline salt, or pyridine, or a pyridine salt, or an aldehyde, or an organic acid,
• the cellulose may also be regenerated by other methods, for example by steaming or heating the material, or by allowing the coated or impregnated textile material to remain at room temperature until the regeneration of the cellulose occurs.
• the material is washed, dried and finished in the usual manner.
• the material may be desulphurised or bleached in any known manner before or after it has been dried.
• Example 2 (a) to (a) The process is conducted as in any one of the Examples 1 (a) to (d), but with the difference that to 300 per cent. (calculated on the cellulose contained in the viscose) of French chalk or china clay are added to the viscose before or afterit has been transformed into lather.
• Example 3 (a) to (d) Mode of procedure as in any one of the Examples 1 (a) to (d), but with the difierence that the initial viscose contains 8.26 per cent. of precipitable cellulose and 9.4 per cent. of caustic soda solution and that the substance creating lather is dissolved in 300 parts of'water.
• the volume of the final lather is about-three times as large as the volume of the viscose before it has been transformed into the lather.
• Example 4 (a) to (d) Mode of procedure as in any one of the Examples'3 (a) to (d), but with the difference that, instead of 18 parts, 5 parts of Marseilles soap are used.
• the volume of the final lather is about three and a half times as largeas the volume of the viscose before it has been transformed into the lather.
• Example 5 (a) to (d). The process is conducted as in any one of the -Examples 3 (a) to (d), but with the difierence that the initial viscose contains 8.26 per cent. of cellulose and 5.9 per cent. of caustic soda.
• Example 6 (a) to ((1) Mode of procedure as in' any one of the Ex-' amples 3 (a) to (d), but with the difierence that the initial viscose contains 8.26 per cent. of cellulose and 3.8 per cent. of caustic soda.
• Example 7 (alto (d) The process is conducted as in any one of the Examples 1 (a) to (d), but with the difierence that the viscose is prepared from a. very viscous cellulose rich in alpha-cellulose (for instance from very viscous cotton linters or the so-called alpha-fibre cellulose), creating lather is dissolved in 1905 parts of caus-' tic soda solution of 2.7 per cent. strength.
• Example 8 (a) to ((1') Mode of procedure as in any one of the Ex- -tions to 100 parts of cellulose placed in or in 1940 parts and that the substance No. 1,674,401) dissolved and caustic soda corresponding with the proportions contained in the viscoses employed" amples 'l (a) to (d), but'with the difierence that the initial viscose contains 7 per cent. of precipitable cellulose and 11.3 per cent. of caustic soda solution and that 5 parts of Marseilles soap dissolved in 1905 parts of water are added.
• Example 9 (a) to (a) to (d), but with the difierthe viscose is prepared from an alkali cellulose that has been allowed to mature for a long time, say 96 to hours), and that the substance creating lather is dissolved either in 714 parts of water or in 714 parts of caustic soda solution of 3 per cent. strength.
• Example 1 1 10 per cent; of one of the substances creating lather set forth in Example 1, in 1068 parts of water, or in 1668 parts of a caustic soda solution of 2.8 per cent. strength, or in 1068 parts of caustic soda solution of 6.5 per cent. strength or in 2973 parts of caustic soda solution of 4.2
• the lather thus obtained is employed for impregnating cloth according to Example 1.
• Example 12 400 to 600 parts of .caustic soda solution of 20 per cent. strength are added in small pora shredder or a vacuum xanthate machine of Werner and Pfleidererand the mass kneaded or shredded respectively until homogeneous, whereupon 60 parts of carbon bisulphide are added and the kneading is continued for another 2 to 3 hours.
• Example 13 6 The process is conducted as in any one of the preceding examples, but with the difference that,
• a solution of a phenylithio urethane of cellulose for example prepared ac described in my Patent" in a 'proportionofsiwater I cording to the process containing about 100 parts -context permits, any spun .or'w'oven textile material, whether animal orvegetable (for example, fiax, linen, hemp, ramie, jute, wool, and particuin the foregoing examples is used as initial material.
• a solution of cellulose or of a conversion product of cellulose in cuprammonia orcaustic soda solution containing thiourea or guanidine (see my U. S.patent.No. 1,771,460 and No, 1,771,461), or in calcium thiocyanate can be used in the present invention.
• Example 16 v The process is conducted as in any one of the Examples 1 to 15, but with the difference that 10 to 30 parts (calculated on the cellulose. contained in the viscose) of'B-dichlor'ohydrine, o r monochlorohydrine, or ethylene chlorohydrine, or- 20 to 50 parts of' one of the products described, or mentioned in my U. S. Patent 2,100,968 or used in my U. S. application Ser. No. 597,640 respectively, or 20 parts of a-dichlorohydrine and 20 parts of one of the productsdescribed or nientione'd inmy U s. Patent 2,100,968or used in my co-pending U. S. application Ser. No.
• cellulose is, wherever the context permits,” intended to'denote not only cellulose, but also its c nversion products, for example its hydrates or degradation 'products or oxidation products.
• the term fapplying to textile material includes any manner of application to the textile material, whether by manual or mechanical means customary for dressing, sizing, filling, impregnatiuE-coating, weighting or printing textile material, whether in the state of woven fabrlcs, or in the state. of yarn.
• lather as used in and claims is not to be limited to a foam' or froth produced only by reason of the presengeof soap or its equivalent.
• textile m'ateriaP'in the speci fication and the claims includes, wherever the the solution the specification larly cotton) as well as artificial fibres of any kind in the form of yarn, staple fibre or fabrics consisting of or containing artificial fibres, in the form of pure fabrics, or in the form of mixed fabrics, or in the form of yarn inskeinsfcops or warps.
• the invention embraces the production of coatings, impregnations and layers of every kind generated cellulose, and regenerated cellulose derivatives or compounds, including those produced by coagulating and/or plasticizing from the solu-.
• solution of a xanthate of acellulosic compound is intended to cover viscose and the products made.
• sulphuric acid monohydrate denotes sulphuric acid having a content of 30 to 98 per cent.
• a treatment of textile material which comprises converting a solution containing a dissolved cellulosic material into'a lather, and applying said lather to a textile material.
• a treatment of textile material which comprises applying thereto a' lather of a solution of a cellulosic material and treating the material so as to convert the soluble cellulosi'c material into an insoluble c'ellulosic material while bonded to said, textile material.
• a treatment of textile material which comprises transforming asolution of a cellulosic material into a lather, applying the lather to the textile -material, and regenerating an insoluble cellulosic-material from said solution in a highly porous state.
• solution to be transformed into lather is asolution of'an alkali-soluble cellulosic material.
• a treatment of textile material which comprises applying to the textile material a lather produced of a solution of an alkali-soluble cellulosic material and then treating the material with an agent having a coagulating effect on the lather applied to the textile material and a. plasticizing effect on the freshly coagulated lather.
• a treatment of textile material which comprises applying to the textile material, a lather produced of a solution containing a dissolved. alkali-soluble cellulosic material and then treat-- ing the material first with an agent which has a coagulating effectv on the lather'applied to the textile fibre and then with an agent which has a plasticizing effect on the freshly coagulated cellulosic material from said lather.
• lather contains a solution containing a dissolved cellulosic material, with an acid solution which is capable of regenerating an insoluble cellulosic material from said solution.
• a process which comprises treating a lather in a preshaped state, which lather contains a solution of a cellulosic material, with an acid solution which is capable of regenerating an insoluble cellulosic material from said solution.
• Textile material carrying intimately bonded thereto, an insoluble cellulosic material which has' been produced by impregnating a textile material with a lather containing a dissolved cellulosic material and regenerating an insoluble cellulosic material from said dissolved cellulosic material, said product having a warm feel and being of a downy character.
• a process of dressing or sizing a textile material which comprises applying a lather containing as a constituent, a dissolved cellulosic body, to said textile material, forcing the substance of the lather into the body of the textile material to impregnate the same, and thereafter treating the so impregnated textile material with an agency capable of coagulating a cellulosic substance in said textile material.
• the herein described process of sizing textile material which comprises converting a solution containing a dissolved cellulosic body into the state of a lather, impregnating a textile material therewith, and. converting the dissolved cellulosic body into an undissolved cellulosic body which is insoluble in water.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
• Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
• Coloring (AREA)

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Cited By (3)

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• 0
  • FR FR742499D patent/FR742499A/fr not_active Expired
  • BE BE389620D patent/BE389620A/xx unknown
  • NL NL34471D patent/NL34471C/xx active
• 1931
  • 1931-07-04 GB GB1935131A patent/GB390517A/en not_active Expired
• 1932
  • 1932-06-22 US US61880432 patent/US2165392A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime

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