US2165325A - Accounting machine - Google Patents

Description

1 1939- v. o. WILKERSON 2,165,325

ACCOUNTING MACHINE Filed July 14, 1934 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 FIG.Z

A TTORNEY July 11, 1939.

v. o. WILKERSON ACCOUNTING MACHINE 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 FIG. 5

Filed July 14, 1934 PIC-3.4

/'// INVENTOR.

A TTORNE Patented July 11, 1939 PATENT OFFICE scconmmc momma Victor 0. Wilkerson, Vestal, N. Y., assignor to International Business Machines Corporation, New York, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application July 14,

2 Claim.

This invention relates to improvements in tabulating machines and more particularly refers to adding and printing mechanisms for such machines.

One object of this invention is to provide novel means for accumulating duo-denominational amounts represented by perforated index points in two columns of a record card on a single accumulator element.

Another object is to provide novel means to read out a duo-denominational number standing on a single accumulator element and to control a plurality of printing means to print the different denominational orders of said amount.

Another object of the invention is to provide novel means to accumulate numbers of two denominational orders represented by perforated index points in two columns of a record card onto a single accumulator element and to control a two printing elements from said accumulator element to print each of the orders of the number standing on the accumulator element from a diiferent printing element.

Other objects and advantages will appear from H the following specification and drawings.

An embodiment of the invention is shown in the accompanying drawings in which:

Fig. 1 is a detail view of one of the printing elements and the mechanisms for operating said elements.

Fig. 2 is a facsimile of a fragment of a perforate record card for use in the machine.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the totalizer and totalizer read-out mechanism.

35 Fig. 4 is a detail view of the transfer or mechanism.

Fig. 5 is a detail view of a part of the carry mechanism.

Fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of the machine.

40 Fig. '7 is a diagrammatical repreesntation of the timing of the cam operated contacts.

The herein disclosed invention is adapted to be used in connection with an electrically operated" tabulating machine of the type disclosed in the patent to C. D. Lake and G. F. Daly, No. 1,976,617, issued October 9, 1934. The circuit connections (Fig. 6) peculiar to the instant invention are shown in heavy lines.

During analyzing operations the machine is controlled by a tabulating motor TM, which is controlled by a group of circuits including relays and cam operated contacts. During total taking operations the machine is driven by a reset 5 motor also controlled by relays and cam concarry 1934, Serial No. 735,175

trolled contacts, illustrated in the upper portion of Fig. 6.

During analyzing or tabulating operations the usual perforated cards are fed successively past a set of upper analyzing brushes U13 and then, one card cycle later, past lower analyzing brushes LB. As the cards pass the lower brushes the items represented by the perforations may be entered into accumulators represented by accumulator magnets II and printed under the control of printing magnets II.

On total taking operations printing is controlled by the printing magnets in a manner to be more fully explained.

The twelfths are punched in two columns on the card (Fig. 2), from 1 to 9 twelfths being punched in the right hand column 12, 10 and 11' twelfths being punched in both columns 12 and 13.

The totalizer wheel I (Fig. 3) has twelve positions from to 11, inclusive the 0 position being left blank. Adding of twelfths from 1 to 9, inclusive, is eflected in the normal manner. As the card passes the lower brushes LB the position of the index point determines the time of closure of circuits. Representative plug connections for printing and adding are shown in Fig. 6 where connections l and 16 may be made between the lower brushes and plug sockets I1 and it respectively associated with the twelfths columns I] and I3 (Fig. 2) of the card.

Assuming that a hole is punched in the 6" position in the right hand column indicated at i2 (Fig. 2) which hole represents 6 twelfths, as the card passes the lower brushes LB a circuit will be completed as the hole comes under the brush, extending as follows: from the right side of line It, wire 20, lower card lever contacts 2|, impulse emitter 22, lower brush contact bar 23, perforation in the card, connection l5, socket l1, wire 24, normally closed contacts 25, wire 26, printing magnet ii, to the left side of the line 21. The magnet ll controls the type bar 28 (Fig. 1) to stop said bar in a position corresponding to the hole punched in that column. Printing from the left hand column l3 (Fig. 2) is eflected in the same manner, however, a hole is punched in this column in the 1 position to represent the tenth order of or 11 twelfths only.

The mechanism controlled by the printing magnet ii is illustrated in Fig. 1. The type bars are carried by a crosshead 29 which is mounted to slide vertically on rods 30. Springpressed arms 3i pivotally carried by the crosshead have their free ends supporting the lower ends of the type bars 25.

A listing shaft 32 and a total taking shaft 33 adapted to be operated by, the TM motor and the reset motor respectively are provided to control the reciprocating movement of the crosshead 25 on listing and total taking operations respectively. A cam 34 fast on the listingshaft 32 and a cam 35 fast on the total taking shaft 33 are adapted to rock a shaft '35 by means of a follower mechanism 31. Arms 35 secured on the shaft 35 are connected by links 35 to the crosshead 25.

As the crosshead moves upwardly on tabulating operations the type elements are carried successively past a printing position opposite a platen 4| in synchronism with the passage of the card past the lower brushes LB. Also ratchet teeth 42 pass thenose of a stop pawl 43.

Energization of the magnet trips a latch 44 permitting the stop pawl 43 to engage one of the ratchet teeth 42 thus arresting the bar 25 with the proper one of the type elements 40, which in this case is the "6 element, opposite the 'platen 4| so that an impression may be made from said element by operation of the usual printing hammer 45.

At the time the circuit was completed through the perforation and through the printing magnet a circuit was also completed from the plug |1 (Fig.5), contacts 45 normally closed, through the accumulator magnet I5, to the left side of the line 21, thus energizing the accumulator magnet l5 which controls the following described mechanism.

The time of closing the circuit to and energization of the print magnet II is independent of the (iluosing of the circuit to the accumulator magnet A shaft 41 .(Fig. 3) is driven in the usual manner in synchronism with the card feeding mechanism so as to make one revolution for each card passing through the machine. A clutch element 45 is mounted on the shaft 41 in such a manner as to rotate therewith but slidable longitudinally of said shaft to engage a clutch element 45 integral with a gear 55. The gear meshes with a gear 5| secured to the indexed totalizer wheel |4 freely mounted on a shaft 53. The clutch 45 is normally urged toward the clutch 45 by a pivoted lever 54 under the influence of a spring 55 but is prevented from so moving due to an armature latch 55 which normally engages a block 51 to hold the lever 54 in the position in which it appears in Fig. 3. when the magnet I5 is energized the latch 55 frees the lever 54 to the spring 55 which rocks the lever counterclockwise engaging-the clutch 45 with the clutch The accumulator mechanism for the 12ths accumulator differs from the usual Hollerith structure in that the accumulator wheel l4 and the read-out commutator I54 are each provided with twelve positions instead of the usual ten positions. The machine operates on a 14-point cycle during which the shaft 41 makes one complete rotation. The ratio of gears 55 and 5| have been changed from the usual Hollerith structure so that rotation of the gear 55 through one point of a cycle advances the accumulator wheel |4 one position or one twelfth of its rotation instead of one tenth. Also the ratio of the gears 55 and 51 in the present twelfth accumulator is such that one point of the cycle advances the gear 51 and the commutator brushes one twenty-fourth of their rotation or one position.

At the "0 point of each rotation of the shaft 41 the clutch 45 is mechanically disengaged in the usual manner so that the amount of rotation imparted to the index wheel I4 is dependent upon the time during the cycle at which the magnet i5 is energized. Thus, if the magnet I5 is energized at the 6 index position on the card, the wheel M will be advanced six steps.

Adding ten twelfth:

It was disclosed above how adding digits from 1 to 9 punched in the right hand or units column I2 is effected in the usual manner well known in the type of machine to which the present invention is adapted to be applied. The manner of adding ten twelfths into the totalizer wheel l4 will now be explained.

In order to represent ten twelfths in columns l2 and I3 on the card (Fig. 2) a hole is punched in the 1 position in the left hand column designated l3. when this hole passes under the upper brushes UB (Fig. 6) a circuit is completed from the right side of the line l5, upper card lever contacts 55, contacts 5|, closed at the 1" position in the cycle, wire 52, coil of magnet 53, wire 54, through the hole in the card, upper brush contact bar 55, contacts 55, wire 51 to left side of line 21. This circuit closes contacts 55 setting up a holding circuit through holding coil 55 extending as follows: line l5, contacts 15, wire 1|, contacts 55, coil 55, wire 12, to line 21. One point before the 9 index point position of the card reaches the lower brushes LB cam contacts 13 close completing a circuit as follows: line l3, con

tacts 15, wire .1l, contacts 55, wire 14, contacts 13, accumulator magnet I5 to line 21. This energizes the magnet I5 one point earlier in the card cycle permitting the clutch 45 to engage clutch 45 and rotate the totalizer wheel l4 ten spaces or ten twelfths of one rotation since clutch 45 is spring held in engagement with clutch 45 until mechanically restored at the 0 point of the cycle.

The contacts 15 'are opened during the cycle, opening the circuit through the holding magnet 55.

Adding eleven tweljths Eleven twelfths is represented by punching a hole in the 1 positions of both columns l2 and I3. When a card punched in this manner passes the upper brushes UB the hole in the 1 position in column 13 sets up the same circuits described above for adding ten twelfths onto the wheel H.

In addition the hole in the 1 position in the right hand column I2 sets up the following circuit: line l5, contacts 55, contacts 5|, wire 52, wire 15, magnet 15, wire 11, upper brush contact bar 55, contacts 55, wire 51 'to line 21, Energization of magnet 15 closes its. contacts 15 setting up a holding circuit through aiholding magnet 15 extending as follows: line l5, contacts 15, wire 1|, contacts 55, contacts 15, magnet 15, wire 55, toline 21. This circuit is maintained until contacts 15 open on the following cycle which occurs after the contacts 13 are closed and shortly before the 1 index point position of the following card passes the upper brushes. Early in the next cycle, on which cycle the card passes the lower brushes, a pair of cam operated contacts 5| close setting up a circuit from line l5, contacts 15, wire 1|, contacts 55, contacts 15, wire 52, contacts 5|, carry magnet 53 to line 21.

Referring now to Fig. 4 energization of magnet wheel.

ing position during total taking operations.

a: rocks a latch arm at to release an use as pivoted on the shaft 53 to a spring 99 which spring immediately rocks the arm 05 clockwise against a\ ball 91 extending between a pair of arms 39 pivoted on the shaft 53. The arm 95 carries a spring-pressed pawl cooperating with a ratchet 9I secured to the totalizer wheel I4. One of the arms 99 isconnected by a link 92 (Fig. 5) to a bell crank 93 which carries a roller 99 cooperating with a cam fast on a shaft 99 The bail 91 normally is in'the position in which it appears in Fig. 4 but just after the 0 index point position on the card passes the lower brushes the cam 95 rocks the bell crank 93 clockwise rocking the bail 91 counterclockwise. At this move ment the ball 81 picks up the arm 95 and carries it counterclockwise therewith, the pawl 90, which was moved clockwise to position to the left of the next tooth on the ratchet. 9I when the arm 95 was released, now advances the wheel I4 one step completing the addition of eleven to said 'Total printing A gear 91 (Fig. 3) rotatably mounted on a shaft 99 meshes with the gear 50. Secured to the sides of-gear 91 are two disks 99' of insulating material each of which disks carries a brush holder I00 having two brushes mounted therein. These brushes are adapted to contact segments IOI in a moulding I02 and segments I03 in a moulding I04. both of which mouldings are suitably supported in the machine. The brushes are also adapted to contact conductors I05 and I06 to complete circuits to be fully described later. The pairs of segments I0 I' and I03'correspond in number to the number of index positions on the wheel I4; thatis, twelve positions numbering from 0 to 11, inclusive, the 0 position on the wheel being left blank. Obviously the gear 91 and the. brush structure mounted thereon will receive an angulardisplacement corresponding to the displacement of the totalizer wheel II on tabulating operations. The segments IM and I03, and the conductors I05 and I09 are shown in developed form in thecircuit diagram (Fig. 6). It will be noted that several denominational order read-out commutators are illustrated in this development. The digital segments corresponding to the same digits are. connected together by common conductors I01. Thus, all the 9 seg-, ments are in multiple, all the 8 segments are in multiple, etc.

' An impulse emitter I09 shown diagrammatically in Fig. 6 is driven synchronously with the movement of the type bars 29'past printing position' during total taking operations. The emitter I09 consists of a double brush structure I09 1 which may be mounted on the total taking shaft 33 (Fig. 1). One of the brushes I09 .whenrotated, successively contacts segments IIO as the corresponding type elements pass through print- Each segment H0 is connected to the corre-. pondingly numbered conductor I01 so that each of the commutator segments IOI receives a timed impulse from the emitter atthe time when the type corresponding to the setting of the totalizer wheel is passing the printing line.

In order to print fractions of twelve from the setting of the single totalizer wheel I4 on two type-bars 29 the segments "I and I03 associated with the twelfths totalizer wheel I4 are connected in a different manner. Referring to Fig. 6 it may be seen that the 10 segment I03 is connected to the 11 segment I03 and this segment ductor I01 for the digit1.

2B, printing magnet II to the line 21. I manner the digital value 1 to 9 standing on is connected to the 11 segment IOI which is connected by a wire III to'the 1 segment IN.

This segment is connected to the common con- The segments I03 from "0 to "9, inclusive, are not connected to their respective conductors I01, nor is the 0 segment IOI connected to its conductor I01. The 1 to 9 segments -IOI, however, are connected to their respective conductors I01.

Three examples of total printing from the commutators I02-I04. will be given. These are: first, when the totalizing wheel I4 stands at a digit from 1 to 9 inclusive; second when the totalizer stands at I0 and third, when the totalizer stands at II:

During total. taking operations, a relay H2 is energized to connect the common conducting strips I05 and I06 to their corresponding printing magnets I I and Ila, by closing. contacts II3. A representative circuit will now be traced. to illustrate the manner in which the printing mechanism may be actuated from the total taking devices when the totalizer stands at one of the digits from 1 t0 "9.

Assuming that the totalizer is standing at "6 during a total taking cycle, as the brushes I09 'of the emitter I09 rotate in synchronism with the operation of the printing mechanism, a circuit will be completed from line I9, contacts. I I4, switch II5 now closed manually for total taking cycles, common segment II6, brushes I09, the .6 segment IIO, the "6 conductor I01, "6 segment IOI brushes carried by the right hand holder I00 (Fig. 3), segment I05, contacts H3, wire In this the accumulator wheel I4 will be printed by energization of magnet II as set forth above for listing. cycles. Since the I03 segments 1 to 9 are not connected to the bars I01 the left hand type bar (not shown but which is exactly like the bar shown in Fig. 1) will -automatically go to its 0 positionwhich in this case is left blank, since, in printing fractional parts of-twelve, only the digit 1 will be printed in the tens position.

Assuming now that the totalizer wheel I4 is standing at 10", it will be noted that the 10 and 11 segments IM and I03 are not connected to a corresponding conductor I01. As the brushes I 09 contact the 1 segment IIO a circuit is made from line I9, contacts Ill, switch II5,

' the .1 segment IIO, the 1 conductor I01, the

"1 segment IOI, wire III, 11 segment "II, 11

segment I03, 10 segment I03, bar I00, contacts -ing the printing line thus printing "1 in the left hand column.

The 0" segment IIO is-not connected to its conductor I01, consequently, no impulse will be emitted when the brushes I09 pass this segment.

However, the units t bar controlled by magnet II will be automa ally stopped in 0 position thus printing 10 indicating the ten twelfths standing on the totalizer wheel.

When the totalizer wheel I4 is standing at 11 and themachine is operated to print the total, the following circuits will be made to effect the printing of 11, when the brushes I09 contact the 1 segment IIO: line I9, contacts Ill, switch II5, the 1 emitter segment H0, 1 bar I01, "1 segment [0 I, wire III, the 11 segments IM and I03." Here the circuit splits to bars I05 and I08, contacts II3, wires 20 and H1, printer magbe made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. It is the intention therefore to be ted only as indicated by the scope of the following claims.

What is claimed is as follows:

, 1. In amachine controlled by records having.

duo-decimal perforations arranged in two columns, a single accumulator wheel to receive duodecimal numbers, means to sense each of said columns of the records, means controlled by the sensing means for one column upon detecting a perforation to advance the accumulator wheel ten steps, and means controlled conjointly by the sensing means for both columns upon detecting perforations in both columns to advance the accumulator wheel an additional step.

2. In a cylically controlled machine controlled by records having duo-decimal value represent-v ing perforations arranged in units and tens columns, an accumulator wheel to receive duo-decimal values, means to operate the accumulator wheel to advance said wheel, means to sense the duo-decimal perforations in one cycle of machine operation, other means to sense the duo-decimal perforations in the next cycle of machine operation,'means controlled by the sensing means for the tens column of said first named sensing means upon detecting a perforation to control the operating means to advance the accumulator wheel ten steps, means controlled conjointly by the sensing meansin both columns of said first named sensing means upon detecting perforations in both columm to advance the accumulator wheel an additional step, and means controlled by the units column sensing means of said other sensing means upon sensing a record having a perforation in the units column only to control the operating means to advance said accumulator wheel an extent in accordance with the perforation sensed.

vro'ron o. wmason.

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