US2165085A - Alloy - Google Patents
Alloy Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2165085A US2165085A US174483A US17448337A US2165085A US 2165085 A US2165085 A US 2165085A US 174483 A US174483 A US 174483A US 17448337 A US17448337 A US 17448337A US 2165085 A US2165085 A US 2165085A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- copper
- alloy
- lead
- tin
- bronze
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 24
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title description 24
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 35
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 35
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 35
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 15
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 3
- RIRXDDRGHVUXNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu].[P] Chemical compound [Cu].[P] RIRXDDRGHVUXNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000616 Ferromanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/08—Alloys based on copper with lead as the next major constituent
Definitions
- This invention is a divisional of my application Serial No. 98,075, filed August 26, 1936. It relates to an improved method of alloying lead and copper and lead, tin and copper, and to the product obtained from the use of this method.
- leaded bronze which is an alloy including lead and copper
- First stage Melt together 65.188% of copper and 31.426% of nickel. This percentage is the percent of the final alloy which is to be added to the copper and lead or copper, lead and tin.
- Nickel may vary from 26% to 31.426%.
- Manganese can vary from .491% to 2%.
- Iron may vary from .91% to 1%.
- Phosphorus may vary from .442% to 5% and the amount of aluminum alloy may run not to exceed 1% of the total, and the copper will be in sufficient quantity to complete the total of the composition. This alloy is described and claimed in my copending application Ser. No. 98,075 of which this application is a division.
- the alloy thus formed comprises nickel 26.0043% 31.514%, manganese .4992% to 2.1066%, iron .4910% to 1%, phosphorus .442% to 5%, aluminum .4332% to .8823%, tin .0130% to 0.265%, magnesium .0043% to .0088%, silver .0019% to .0039% and copper to make up 100% of the alloy;
- the lead will be thoroughly suspended in the copper and the copper and lead will be perfectly amalgamated and will Le free from segregation and other imperfections usually found in leaded bronzes where the lead in large proportions is combined with copper or with copper and tin, as in high lead or anti-frictional bronzes for bearing metals, brake blocks for automobiles or kindred lines of industry, bushings, castings with metal of high lead content for industrial purposes such as tubes, linings, shingles and rods.
- An alloy made up in accordance with the above method comprises lead 10% to nickel .780% to 3.1514%, manganese .0149% to .201'l%, iron .0147 to .1%, phosphorus .0112% to .5%, aluminum .0129% to .0882%, tin .0039% to .0027%, magnesium .0001% to .0009%, silver .00005% to .0004%, and copper to make up of the alloy.
- the bronze can be re-melted and re-cast several times.
Description
i?atented .iuiy 4,, 393
ETEQ STATE No Drawing.
Original application August 26,
1936, Serial No. 98,075. Divided and this application November 13, 1937, Serial No. 174,483
1 Claim.
This invention is a divisional of my application Serial No. 98,075, filed August 26, 1936. It relates to an improved method of alloying lead and copper and lead, tin and copper, and to the product obtained from the use of this method. Heretofore in producing leaded bronze which is an alloy including lead and copper, it has been impossible to maintain a high lead content because on re-melting and re-casting the leaded bronze separation would take place.
The objects of this invention are:
First, to produce a new and improved method of alloying lead and copper so that they will not separate out on re-melting.
Second, to produce such a method in which a very high lead content may be used.
Third, to provide such a method in which a small quantity of another alloy is added to the lead and copper or lead, copper and tin during the course of the production of the leaded bronze which alloy greatly assists in the combining of the lead and copper and produces a highly satisfactory leaded bronze.
Fourth, to provide a new and improved leaded bronze.
Fifth, to provide such a new and improved leaded bronze containing in addition to the copper and lead an alloy which serves to prevent separation of the lead and copper during remelting and re-casting.
In carrying out my invention, I proceed with the following steps or stages:
First stage: Melt together 65.188% of copper and 31.426% of nickel. This percentage is the percent of the final alloy which is to be added to the copper and lead or copper, lead and tin.
If a standard alloy, 50% copper and 50% nickel,
added to the term-manganese to give the desired proportion. This may be accomplished by adding the necessary amount of manganese to the ferro-manganese to make the percentage called for.
Third stage: When the copper, nickel, manganese and iron are all thoroughly melted and well mixed and added together, add .442% phosphorus. If phosphor-copper is used the percentage of copper in the phosphor-copper must be taken into consideration in determining the proportions of copper so that the proportion of copper to phosphorus will be maintained in the final product.
Fourth stage: To the entire mixture I add .491% of a special aluminum alloy which is described in my copending application Ser. No. 98,076, filed Aug. 26, 1936. This alloy is made up of aluminum 88.23%, copper 5.31%, tin 2.65%, nickel .88%, magnesium .88%, manganese 1.66%, and silver .39%. Thoroughly stir and mix the aluminum alloy into the metal and bring the temperature of the combined mass to a minimum of 2500 F.
The product of these four stages is cast into pigs and results in an alloyto be added to lead and copper to assist the alloying of those mate-= rials.
I have found that the percentages above given can be varied somewhat. Nickel may vary from 26% to 31.426%. Manganese can vary from .491% to 2%. Iron may vary from .91% to 1%. Phosphorus may vary from .442% to 5% and the amount of aluminum alloy may run not to exceed 1% of the total, and the copper will be in sufficient quantity to complete the total of the composition. This alloy is described and claimed in my copending application Ser. No. 98,075 of which this application is a division. The alloy thus formed comprises nickel 26.0043% 31.514%, manganese .4992% to 2.1066%, iron .4910% to 1%, phosphorus .442% to 5%, aluminum .4332% to .8823%, tin .0130% to 0.265%, magnesium .0043% to .0088%, silver .0019% to .0039% and copper to make up 100% of the alloy;
In using this alloy in making leaded bronze, I add from 3% to 10% of the alloy to a given amount of copper. The percentage of the alloy is figured on the percentage of the finished leaded bronze and lead is added after the copper and the alloy have been reduced to the molten state. The quantity of lead may vary from 10% to 60% of the total content of the leaded bronze. By using my alloy the lead will be thoroughly suspended in the copper and the copper and lead will be perfectly amalgamated and will Le free from segregation and other imperfections usually found in leaded bronzes where the lead in large proportions is combined with copper or with copper and tin, as in high lead or anti-frictional bronzes for bearing metals, brake blocks for automobiles or kindred lines of industry, bushings, castings with metal of high lead content for industrial purposes such as tubes, linings, shingles and rods.
An alloy made up in accordance with the above method comprises lead 10% to nickel .780% to 3.1514%, manganese .0149% to .201'l%, iron .0147 to .1%, phosphorus .0112% to .5%, aluminum .0129% to .0882%, tin .0039% to .0027%, magnesium .0001% to .0009%, silver .00005% to .0004%, and copper to make up of the alloy. I
In using my alloy for combining copper and lead or copper, lead and tin, the bronze can be re-melted and re-cast several times.
I have found an alloy made up of 81% copper,
13% lead and 2% tin with 4% of my alloy added will produce a leaded bronze which compares very desired amount of copper for the formula of the finished leaded bronze. The copper is melted with my alloy in an amount of from 3% to 10% of the finished lead bronze. The copper and the alloy are subjected to a temperature of not less than 2500 F. until the copper and the alloy are completely melted. At this stage the lead is added or lead and tin are added if it is desired to add tin. 'The ingredients are then incorporated by agitation, thus forming a perfect leaded bronze of from 10% to 60% lead content. If it is desired to add tin this may be done as indicated.
I have re-melted and re-cast melted bronze in this manner as many as seven times without any HENRY L. WHITMAN. g5
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US174483A US2165085A (en) | 1936-08-26 | 1937-11-13 | Alloy |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US98075A US2123449A (en) | 1936-08-26 | 1936-08-26 | Alloy |
US174483A US2165085A (en) | 1936-08-26 | 1937-11-13 | Alloy |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2165085A true US2165085A (en) | 1939-07-04 |
Family
ID=26794070
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US174483A Expired - Lifetime US2165085A (en) | 1936-08-26 | 1937-11-13 | Alloy |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2165085A (en) |
-
1937
- 1937-11-13 US US174483A patent/US2165085A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US2128955A (en) | Hot workable phosphor bronze | |
US2802733A (en) | Process for manufacturing brass and bronze alloys containing lead | |
US1906567A (en) | Metal alloy | |
US2165085A (en) | Alloy | |
US1418303A (en) | Aluminum alloy | |
US2144279A (en) | Alloy | |
US1490696A (en) | Zinc alloy | |
US1387900A (en) | Alloy | |
US2195434A (en) | Copper alloy | |
US2059555A (en) | Alloys | |
US2059557A (en) | Copper-base alloys | |
US2007008A (en) | Copper zinc alloy containing silicon and iron | |
US3201234A (en) | Alloy and method of producing the same | |
US2105945A (en) | Hot workable bronze | |
US2086756A (en) | Method of making open hearth steel and flux employed in such method | |
US2175223A (en) | Copper alloy | |
US2098081A (en) | Aluminum alloy | |
US1261987A (en) | Method of making aluminum-alloy articles. | |
US2752242A (en) | Copper-nickel-titanium alloy and process for making same | |
US1572744A (en) | Nickel alloy and method of making the same | |
US2720459A (en) | Highly wear-resistant zinc base alloy | |
US2059558A (en) | Copper-base alloys containing chromium and iron | |
US2123449A (en) | Alloy | |
US2059556A (en) | Copper-base alloys | |
US2376868A (en) | Magnesium alloy |