US2164069A

US2164069A - Plaster base unit

Info

Publication number: US2164069A
Application number: US169237A
Authority: US
Inventors: Jr William J Jordan
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1937-10-15
Filing date: 1937-10-15
Publication date: 1939-06-27
Anticipated expiration: 1956-06-27

Description

June 27, 1939. w. J. JORDAN. JR

PLASTER BASE UNIT Filed Oct. 15, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet'l wan June 27, 1939.

PLASTER BASE UNIT Filed Oct. 15, 1957 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 I z I J W w MU .Q W Z 1 2T 3 a J J 7 4 a M .Z 3 5w J A fl y w W W z/ 44 QM 7157 7/91 992? A Patented June 27, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 11 Claims.

This invention relates to a wallboard and joint made therewith and has for its object to improve the construction of walls-made of a plurality of wall board units, as well as to provide wallboards 6 and a joint made therewith which will be more eificient in use than those heretofore proposed.

With these and other objects in view the invention resides in the novel details of construction and combinations of parts as will be disclosed more fully hereinafter and particularly pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification and in which like numerals designate like parts in all the views;-- 7

Fig. 1 is an elevational view of a portion of a wall formed by wallboards made and applied in accordance with this invention;

Fig. 2 is an elevational view of the front side of one of. the wall board units incorporated in the construction shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is'an elevational view of the back side of the wall board unit shown in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view taken transversely of the unit shown in Fig. 2 and as on the line 4-4 thereof, looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional view, in the way of a supporting stud, of the joint formed between two adjoining units, taken as on the line 5-5 of Fig. 2 and looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 5 but taken as on the line 6-6 of Fig. 2 and looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. '7 is a partial perspective view of a modified form of the wallboard unit shown in the preceding figures;

Fig. 8 is a view similar to Fig. 5 but showing a joint formed by two adjacent units having the construction shown in Fig. 7, taken as on the line 8-8 of said Fig. 7 and looking in the direction of the arrows; and

Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 8 but, taken as on the line 9-9 of. Fig. '7 and looking in the direction of the arrows.

It is well known that walls have heretofore been made from a plurality of units known as wallboards, plaster boards, etc., but one of the principal. objections to said previously known types is that when the finished coat of plaster or other material is spread over the surfaces of the units and allowed to dry, there occurs a crack in said finish. The time at .which said finish cracks is not always the same, due to varying conditions such as thickness of the finishing coat, temperature extremes, humidity, etc. In substantially all cases these cracks occur at a joint between two adjacent wallboard units. Further, much diiiiculty has been experienced in smoothly applying the plaster finish to a wall 5 built up of a plurality of wallboard units, due to the spring of a wallboard unit between the supporting studs, so that the pressure of the plastering trowel will cause one unit to flex or bend out of the plane of the next adjacent unit, resulting 10 in a defect in the plaster finish in the region of the horizontal joint between the two adjacent underlying units. v The purpose of this invention therefore is to produce a wallboard which, though inherently of 15 a somewhat yielding or springable nature, will nevertheless be interlocked with the next adjacent wallboard unit so thatthe edge of each unit strengthens and reinforces the edge of the adjacent unit and so that substantially no springgo ing movement of the one unit will take place without a corresponding springing movement of the next adjacent unit, when the plaster or other finish is applied over the surfaces of both units. In practice a wallboard unit of exceptional value for walls has'been found in the utilization of felted or otherwise interlockingly commingling fibers of bagasse, said bagasse being the residue of sugar cane after the sugar solutions have been extracted. This bagasse when treated by a cook- 80 ing action will have its fibers loosened to the extent that they can be separated, washed, and formed by felting operation into a sheet of about one-half inch thickness which, when dried, can be cut into units of. suitable lengths and widths for convenient handling in the construction of walls, the dimensions of said units being preferably multiples of the standard spacing of studding or framing members in building construction. Obviously however other sources of fibrous 4o material than bagasse can be utilized, wherein the fiber is of such nature as to produce a semirigid suitable base for receiving and supporting the plaster or other finish which is to be applied to the finished wallboard unit.

Referring to the drawings, a fioor or other support is indicated at 2 and extending upwardly therefrom in spaced relation to each other are studs 3 to which are to be nailed or otherwise secured a plurality of wallboard units generally 60 identified by the numeral 4, said units being applied in horizontal courses one above the other with the joints between the units in a course broken or staggered with respect to the corresponding joints in the next adjacent course, the 55 vertical joints between any two units-lying over a stud and the horizontal joints extending transversely of the studs, all as will be perfectly clear from Fig. 1.

A wallboard unit is illustrated in detail in Figs. 2 and 3. Each of the edge portions of the unit is furnished with a bevel or chamfer extending from the front face or surface of the unit almost but not entirely to the back surface of the unit, thereby leaving an edge 8 which is substantially perpendicular to the plane of the-back surface (see Fig. 5), the purpose of this bevelled or chamfered construction being to provide a V- shaped indention which is filled by the plaster or other material of the finishing coat I to provide a reinforcing rib l of said material in the way of each Joint between two contiguous wallboard units.

The'longitudinal edges of the unit, or those edges intended to extend across the studding in the building of a wall, are each provided with recesses or cut-out portions II which are spaced from each other to provide therebetween tab portions ll, each recess cut inwardly from the extreme edge of the unit but not entirely through or coextensive with the width of the bevelled or chamfered portion 5, wherefore there is left a bevelled or chamfered portion in the way of each recess and each tab, as will be clear from Fig. 2. The recesses and tabs are alternated transversely of the unit and are of such dimensions that the tabs of one unit will interlock with the recesses of the next adjacent unit, to produce the complete interlocked wallboard formation in the wall shown in Fig. 1.

Referring to Fig. 3 the rear or back side of the unit shown in Fig. 2 is illustrated and from said Fig. 3 it will be observed that at each recess there is provided a bevel or chamfer surface. I! extending from the back surface of the unit toward the bevel formed on the front face of the unit, both of said bevels having a meeting edge that is substantially midway between the front and back surfaces of the unit. The purpose of this construction is clearly brought out in Figs. 5 and 6;

In other words, the unit I of a lower course is applied to the studding I so that its tabs will extend into the recesses of the unit ii in the course thereabove, with the tabs of the unit I! likewise extending into the recesses of the unit 4. The bevels 5 and I! are made of substantially the same slope wherefore when the tabs and recesses are thus interfitted with each other, a portion of the bevel II of unit 4 will lie in surface contact with a portion of the bevel 5 of the unit it, producing an overlapped as well as interlocked effect. Thus, when plaster or other suitable material is troweled over the faces of two vertically adjacent units, this overlapped relation will hold the edge of the one unit such as l3 against relative movement with respect to the contiguous-edge of the adjacent unit 4, and thus permit a smooth application of the plaster in the region of the horizontal joint. The surface 6 is preferably provided to permit a more perfect fitting between the bevels 5 and I2.

A modification of the above described construction is shown in Figs. 7, 8 and 9 though the same principles of the invention are employed. Here a unit such as 20 is provided on its longitudinal edges with a plurality of spaced tabs or tenons 2| corresponding to the tabs ll above described, but these tenons are of athickness equal substantially to one-half the thickness of the unit, and a bevel or chamfer I! is provided which extends from the front face of the unit to a surface of the tenons as clearly shown. The recesses are extended inwardly of the unit beyond the extreme edge of the bevel 22 to provide what may be termed a mortise 23 into which a tenon of the next adjacent board may extend. In other words, whereas in the construction shown in Fig. 2 the tabs and recesses each have a bevelled surface to create a cowedging effect, the construction of Fig. 7 is such that the tenons and mortises are substantially rectangular though each tenon will have an interlocking fit with themortise of a next adjacent unit as clearly shown in Figs. 8 and 9 and thereby maintain relative rigidity or unyieldability along the horizontal joints, when plaster is applied thereto. In Fig. 8" the tenon 2| of a unit 2| in an upper course is shown extending into the mortise 23 of a unit in the next lower course, with the bevelled edge portion 22 of the latter unit overlying said tenon. In Fig. 9 the tenon II of a unit in the lower course is shown extending into the mortise 23 of a unit II in the next above course, with the bevelled edge portion 22 of the latter unit overlying said tenon.

From this invention it .will therefore be seen that there is provided a wallboard unit of somewhat yieldable character, having a front surface, a rear surface, and two opposite side edges, each edge portion being of a thickness less than the thickness of the unit (substantially one-half) with a chamfer extending from a surface of said portion and merging into said front surface, with a plurality of spaced recesses extending inwardly from each edge to form edge tabs between said recesses, said tabs and recesses having complemental configuration for interlocking purposes when two similarly formed units are placed edge to edge. The spaced recesses extend from the rear surface obliquely inwardly of the unit according to Fig. 2 to a point substantially midway between said surfaces and meeting said chamfer, the bottom surface of each recess having a slope or bevel substantially equal to the slope of said chamfer, and merging with said rear surface. According to Fig. 7 the bottom surface of each recess is substantially parallel to the rear surface of the unit and meets said chamfer, the inward extension of each recess being substantially equal to the dimension of a formed tab or tenon. In all modifications of the construction the tabs or tenons in any one side edge are disposed opposite the recesses or mortises on the other side edge of the unit, this opposite disposition being in parallel transverse planes of the unit. It is obvious that those skilled in the art may vary the details of construction and arrangements of parts without departing from the spirit of this invention'and therefore it is desired not to be limited to the exact foregoing description except as may be demanded by the claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A wallboard unit having a front surface, a rear surface, and two opposite side edges, each edge portion being 01' a thickness less than the thickness of the unit with a chamfer extending from said portion and merging into said front surface, a pluralityof spaced recesses extending from said rear surface inwardly of the unit to a point substantially midway between said surfaces, sa drecesses extending inwardly from said edges and thereby forming an edge tab between each pair of recesses, said tabs and recesses having complemental configuration for interlocking placed edge to edge.

purposes when two similarly formed units are 2. A wallboard unit having a front surface, a rear surface, and two opposite side edges, each edge portion of a thickness less than the thickness of the unit with a chamfer extending from said portion and merging into said front surface, a plurality of spaced recesses extending from said rear surface inwardly of the unit to a point substantially midway between said surfaces and meeting said chamfer, said recesses extending inwardly from said edges and thereby forming an edge tab between each pair of recesses, said tabs and recesses having complemental configuration for interlocking purposes when two similarly formed units are placed edge to edge.

3. A wallboard unit having a front surface, a rear surface, and two opposite side edges, each edge portion being of a thickness less than the thickness of the unit with a chamfer extending from said portion and merging into said front surface, a plurality of spaced recesses extending from said rear surface obliquely inwardly of the unit to a point substantially midway between said surfaces, said recesses extending inwardly from said edges and thereby forming an edge tab between each pair of recesses, said tabs and recesses having complemental configuration for interlocking purposes when two similarly formed units are placed edge to edge.

4. A wallboard unit having a front surface,

a rear surface, and two opposite side edges, each edge portion being of a thickness less than the thickness of the unit with a chamfer extending from said portion and merging into said front surface, a plurality of spaced recesses extending from said rear surface inwardly of the unit to a point substantially midway between said surfaces, the bottom surface of each recess having a slope substantially equal to the slope of said chamfer, said recesses extending inwardly from said edges and thereby forming an edge tab between each pair of recesses, said tabs and recesses having complemental configuration for interlocking purposes when two similarly formed units are placed edge to edge.

5. A wallboard unit having a front surface, a rear surface, and two opposite side edges, each edge portion being of a thickness less than the thickness of the unit with a chamfer extending from said portion and merging into said front surface, a plurality of spaced recesses extending from said rear surface inwardly of the unit to a point substantially midway between said surfaces, the bottom surface of each recess comprising a bevel merging with said rear surface and meeting said chamfer, said recesses extending inwardly from said edges and thereby forming an edge tab between each pair of recesses, said tabs and recesses having complemental configuration for interlocking purposes when two similarly formed units are placed edge to edge.

6. A wallboard unit having a front surface. a rear surface, and two opposite side edges, each edge portion being of a thickness less than the thickness of the unit with a chamfer extending from said portion and merging into said front surface, a plurality of spaced recesses extending from said rear surface inwardly of the unit to a point substantially midway between said surfaces, the bottom surface of each recess substantially parallel to said rear surface and meeting said chamfer, said recesses extending inwardly from said edges and thereby forming an edge tab between each pair of recesses, said tabs and recesses having complemental configuration for interlocking purposes when two similarly formed units are placed edge to edge.

7. A wallboard unit having a front surface, a rear surface, and two opposite side edges; each edge portion being of a thickness substantially one-half the thickness of the unit with a chamfer extending from a surface of said portion and merging into said front surface, a plurality of spaced recesses extending from said rear surface inwardly of the unit to a point substantially midway between said surfaces and meeting said chamfer, said recesses extending inwardly from said edges and thereby forming an edge tab between each pair of recesses, the inward extension of each recess being substantially equal to the dimension of a formed tab, said tabs and recesses having complemental configuration for interlocking purposes when two similarly formed units are placed edge to edge.

8. A wallboard unit having a front surface, a rear surface, and two opposite side edges, each edge portion being of a thickness substantially one half the thickness of the unit'with a chamfer extending from a surface of said portion and merging into said front surface, a plurality of spaced recesses extending from said rear surface inwardly of the unit to a point substantially midway between said surfaces and meeting said chamfer, said recesses extending inwardly from said edges and thereby forming an edge tab between each pair of recesses, the inward extension of each recess being substantially equal to the dimension of a formed tab, the tabs disposed opposite said recesses in parallel transverse planes of said unit, said tabs and recesses having complemental configuration for interlocking purposes when two similarly formed units are placed edge to edge.

9. A wallboard unit having a front surface, a rear surface, and two opposite side edges, each edge portion being of a thickness less than the thickness-of the unit with a chamfer extending from said portion and merging into said front surface, a plurality of spaced recesses extending from said rear surface inwardly of the unit to a point substantially midway between said surfaces, said recesses extending inwardly from said edges and thereby forming an edge tab between each'pair of recesses, the tabs disposed opposite said recesses in parallel transverse planes of said unit, said tabs and recesses having complemental configuration for interlocking purposes when two similarly formed units are placed edge to edge.

10. A wall board plaster base unit comprising a fibrous sheet having a front surface, rear surface and opposite substantially parallel side edges, a pair of the opposite side edges chamfered from the front surface of the sheet toward the rear surface with such chamfer extending for substantially half the thickness of the sheet, a plurality of spaced recesses extending from said rear surface inwardly of the unit to a point. substantially midway between said surface, said recesses forming an edge tab between each pair of recesses, the tabs disposed opposite said recesses in parallel transverse planes of said unit, said to. edge interlocking cogsact, each said unit having a front surface, a ar surface and opposite substsntislly psrsllei side edges, s ps1: 01 such side edge portions-bevelledtrom the front surtsoe ots-unit outwardly toward the side edge and reerwardly, the said bevels extending through substsntislly halt the thickness of the unit, a plurality otspseed recesses extendingtrom the soid'edges and rear surface inwsrdly oi the unit to a point substantially midway between ssid surfaces; the said-recesses thereby forming-on edge tsbbetweeneachpsirotreoeues, the tabs disposedoppodte ssidreoesseslnpsrallel trsnsverseplsnesotsaidunihssid tabsandrecesses having oomplemental configuration, the complementing bevels forming plaster receiving recesses on-thesurtsee of the assemblage and the complementmg tabs and recesses one receiving the other to form sn interlocked struct v -WILLIAM J. JORDAN, Jl.