US2161726A - Ager fob treating printed and like - Google Patents

Description

June 6, 1939. z. SOCHOR ETAL 2,161,726

AGER FOR TREATING PRINTED AND LIKE FABRICS Filed Jan. 16, 19-37 2 Sheets-Sheet l June 6, 1939. 2, SOCHOR ET AL AGER FOR TREATING PRINTED AND LIKE FABRICS 2 shee ts s heet 2 Filed Jan. 16, 1937 ZDI/VIS /f 500/0 4/ 786?! finals/v1 5, Br a d; a flrf IVE) Patented'June 6,, 1939 v UNITED STATES PATENT orrlcr.

Zdenk Sochor and Alfred Kvasnika, Dvur Kralove n. L., Czechoslovakia, and Slava Moi-ch,

Rydbohohn, Sweden;

said Morch and said Kvasnicka assig-nors to said Sochor Application January 16, 1937, Serial No. 121,021 In Czechoslovakia, January 17, 1936 2 Claims.

This invention relates to agers for treating printed and like fabrics or dyed and printed fabrics. A dye, consisting of two or more components is applied to the fabric on printing machines. The fabric'passes later on through a closed chamber with an atmosphere charged with gases or vapours at a certain temperature. Since the time of passing through the chamber is fixed, the velocity of the fabric has to be determined accordingly.

It is usual,to heat the atmosphere which is saturated or partially saturated with steam to a temperature of 90 to 105 C. while the fabric is passing through the ager, chemical change of the dye-components take place which then fix on the fibre simply by washing or oxidizing.

Some of the dyes for example the group of azo-dyes, commercially known as rapidogens, need treatment in an acetic acid or formic acid atmosphere heated to a temperature of about 90 C. -Although these'dyes have some properties, as colour fastness, for example, and although they are moderate in price, their practical use is restricted owing to the following reasons? The consumption of the acid is considerable because the known ager construction leads the chemical products and the vapourous ageing agents away through a chimney or outlet, which means loss of acid.

The concentration of acid in the atmosphere of the ager is not always the same owing to the usual irregular way of replenishing the acid either by spraying or evaporating from one or more vessels placed in the ager. It is impossible 'to use the desirable maximum acid concentration because the increased consumption would make the whole process uneconomical. This reason and the inconsistency of the working conditions necessitates the use of dyes of high concentration for the printing which means increased production costs.

Another disadvantage nearly preventing the use of dyes which have to be developed in vapours of organic acids is that the agers of usual construction have a short life, due to the chemical action of the acid atmosphere.

It is possible to develop the mentioned dye by a solution of acids but losses of acid are in this case considerable. The dyes are not fully developed and therefore more concentrated dyes have to be used. This means again an increase in manufacturing costs.

The invention proposes an ager structure for the development and treatment of printed fabrics,

especially suited to the use of organic acids at normal or increased temperature, for which a long life and the possibility to regulate or to stabilize the working conditions is assured and which achieves considerable saving of acid.

The drawings show an example of the ager according to the invention. Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section, Fig. 2 a cross section of the ager.

The printed fabric is led over the tension devices 2 and 3, over the mouth of the ager 4, being heated by the pipe 5, through which indirect vapour passes and thence through the ager. The ager consists of two compact parts lower part I and upper part 8, which are fastened to each other by screws 9. Several rollers, lower l0 and upper Ii are placed in the ager. These rollers can be made of rust resisting steel, synthetic resin and the like. ers pass through special stuffing boxes i2, located in the walls of the ager. The bearings 14 are outside the ageing chamber. The lower rollers are furnished with a drive IS, the upper rollers with a similar drive 16. All the bearings and drive are outside the ager. The ager can be equipped with a thermometer II. The lower part of the ager is furnished with an access opening I8, being normally closed by a door l9, curved or shaped to avoid horizontal surfaces inside the ager. The bottom of the lower compact part of the ager is used at the same time as a tank Shafts is of the roll- Y for the solution 20, such as a solution of formic acid. The tank has an outlet. 2| with a discharge pipe 22 and a discharge cook. The inflow of the solution is guarded by a splash plate 23. The solution is led into the ager through an inflow chamber 24. The solution in the ager is heated by steam passing through a coil 25,

which is led to and from the ager through stufiing boxes 26. The roof of the ager 21 is considerably inclined and stiffened by ribs 28, and between the ribs, pipes 29 are led on the outside,

I and through these pipes steam circulates. Near the top part of the ager there is an out-take 30 which does not communicate with atmosphere but discharges into a cqndenser, as for example a coil of piping 3| made from rust resisting steel or other acid resisting material. The condenser coil is placed in the tank 35, filled with a cooling fluid 32, being continually replenished by means of the inlet pipe 33 and the outlet pipe 45. The condenser tank 35 is provided with a discharge cook 36, the tank resting on the supporting construction 31. The acid vapours, condensed into a fluid, flow into the mixing vessel- 39, from there they return through the inlet pipe 40 to the ager over the inlet chamber 24. The gases, which may develop during the working process in the ager and not condensed in the condenser, escape through up-take pipe 18, which is equipped with a valve. The measuring vessel 42 can be filled from a vessel 4| containing the acid supply through suitable pipes by the use of compressed air. The treated fabric comes outof the ager through horizontal mouth 4,' passes over the measuring rollers 43 and is led away in the direction of the arrow 44.

The fabric is, for the entire time during its passage through the ager under the influence of the vapours of the liquid, which covers the bot tom of the ager and isheated by the heating coil. As a result of the intensive cooling in the condenser a condensation of the evaporated liquid takes place. The condensed vapours return into the lower mixing vessel 39 and from there into the ager. The parts of the coil, formerly filled with vapours nowcondensed, get again filled with vapours from the ager.

The acid vapours keep constantly circulating. During the process a part of the acid is consumed and has to be replenished from the acid storage. The pipe, connecting the coil with the ager, is also connected with a chimney through which gases developing during the chemical processes may escape. The inner walls of the ager are smooth, and all protruding parts and horizontal surfaces on which the vapours might condense are avoided. This arrangement prevents as far as possible drops of fluid falling on r the fabric, which might damage it. The ager according to the invention has the following ad vantages:

Losses of the acid vapours or other chemical agents are very small. The vapours of the acid are condensed, evaporated again and they have to be replenished only to that extent in which they ings and drives outside the ager and by fabricat ing it from only two parts with the minimum amount of connections, a long life is assured for the ager.

The indirect heating and the inclined roof and the curved outline of the openings prevent drops of fluid falling on the fabric.

The whole bottom of the ager serves as acid container which gives a big surface for evaporation. The heating of acid with indirect steam can be made very intensive. These two circumstances create a stability of the working conditions.

It is possible to use less concentrated dyes for a certain, colour tint. The consumption of acid is much smaller than it was usual till now, while the concentration of the acid in the ager is much higher. At the same time the ager has a longer life on account of its special construction and on account of the suitable material ,itis made from. His possible to get a certain production from a smaller sized ager than usual. 'There is no possibility for drops of fluid to fall on the fabric, damage to the fabric is therefore prevented.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed we declare that what we claim is:

1. In an aging apparatus, an oxidizing chamber having a combined fabric entrance and exit opening, upper and lower guide rollers within the chamber, about which the fabric may be trained, an acid compartment in the chamber beneath the lower guide rollers, the upper portion of the chamber being inclined and having exterior longitudinal ribs, steam conduits arranged be-' tween the ribs, a steam coil within the acid chamber, means for supplying steam to the conduits and coil, a condenser coil exterlorly of the chamber, one end thereof having connection with an upper portion of the oxidizing chamber, a col- AH'RED xvasmcxa.

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