US2161667A - Refrigerating unit - Google Patents

Description

June 6; 1939. VP. w. DES ROCHES REFRIGERATING UNIT Original Filed June 13, 1930 9 Sheets-Sheet l 3mm flwyawo a Qoc/iaa Tlqb .June 6, 1939. I w DES Q E 2,161,667 I REFRIGERATING UNIT I Original, Filed June 15, 1930 9 Sheets-Sheet 2 q 5 11? oo 1 attozweq June 6, 1939.

P. W. DES ROCHES REFRIGERATING UNiT Original Filed June 13, 1950 9 Sheets-Sheet 5 Tiq 9 I 3mm June 6, 1939. P. w. DES RocHEs 2,161,667

REFRIGERATING UNIT Original Filed June 13, 1930 9 Sheets-Sheet 4 61% was LI QIO LEVEL 9B June 6, 1939- P. w. DES ROCHES 2,161,667 REFRIGERATING UNIT Original Filed June 13, 1950 9 Sheets-Sheet 5 flqfl June 6, 1939. Pv w. IEJES ROCHES 1 REFRIGERATING UfiIT Original Fi led June 13, 1950 9 Sheets-Sheet 6 tpw P. w.- DES ROCHES ,161,667

REFRIGERATING UNIT 9 Sheet-Sheet 7 VN d 6 H 6 l m June 6, 1939.

Original Filed June 13, 1930 1 m; magma, vg/

lllll ll ll Hqi Patented June 6, 1939- UNITED STATES PATENT 'oFFic-E I I anr'a lc zfio 1 i 481,012, June 13, 1930.

This application be- Myinvention has for its object to provide an eflicient refrigerating unit which may be readily connected to a receptacle or container for chilling the interior of the receptacle or container or their 5 contents; It particularly has for its object to provide a self-contained unitary structure that may be readily connected to receptacles, containers, and boxes of different forms and used for a great variety of purposes. Thus, the invention lies in so constructing. such an element that it may be contained-in a small. volume, will be of light weight and which will, nevertheless, efficiently perform the function of chilling or refrigerating articles. Preferably, the refrigerating unit is so formed that it may be readily carried by an indi- Virtual and may be'used without variation of formor dimensions in the chilling of the interior of receptacles and containers of different forms and, moreover, may be inserted in containers and receptacles that are already common ly used for containing articles that are to be kept cool. The. invention is, therefore, contained in structures that may be readily inserted in ice I boxes, in display counters, in .water cooling units,

i beverage cooling units, etc., that are now in use,

and moreover may be readily removed therefrom without disconnecting the refrigerating circuit, and transferred to other containers for chilling purposes. Thus the transfer or replacement may be made by those unskilled in the refrigerating The invention also. provides means for controlling the humidity of the interior of thereceptacle that is chilled by the refrigerating unit so as to prevent excess reduction of the humidity, making the invention valuable in its application to the chilling of certain articles wherein excess reduction of the humidity is injurious. The invention also has for its obiectto provide a structure g wherein excess frosting-is avoided, thus extending the period of continued operation of the apparatus and quite entirely eliminating the necessity of frequent cessation of refrigerating operations, bymanual control in order to completelydefrost 45 the unit, while'at the same time the refrigerating I "unit is operated at a low temperature and at a temperature at which ordinary refrigerating machines rapidly produce frost on the surfaces of their parts.

' The invention also has for its object to pro- 55 m a iluidcontainer having a high heat conductivity, and which will extend or enlarge the surface area of therefrigerating unit and provide for'chilling containers and their contents. Thus p the invention affords a structure wherein display articles may be chilled by the chilling unit, the 6 chilling zone being greatly extended to encompass the articles. The extended areas also afl'ord ameans for chilling the air or atmosphere in which the articles are located. The invention alsoprovides a refrigerant unit wherein a small amount of 10 refrigerant may be used to produce a largre amount of heatabsorption. Theinvention also provides ameans for greatly extending the area of the heat conductive surfaces and thus greatly increasing the rate of heat transmission. 15 The invention also has for its object to provide a meansfor absorbing sound produced by the operation of the refrigerating unit.

The invention also provides a container for a liquid from which the heat may be reduced and 20 which will efllciently'withdr'aw heat from the wall of the container and will aflord a cold storage meansover an extended period of time.

The invention also provides a means for heat insulating exterior of containers that are located 25 in heat conductive relation with the refrigerating unit, whereby the contents of such containers will be. quickly chilled.

The invention has for its object other features and advantages which will appear from the 30 following description and upon examination of the drawings.

The invention may be containedin refrigeratlng devices of different forms and structures containing the invention and may be varied in their 35 details without departing from the spirit of the invention, and also parts of the-structure claimed in the claims may be used in connection with other devices and parts for accomplishing results similar to those described herein, and thus em- 40 bodying features of my invention. To illustrate a. practical application of the invention, I have selected a refrigerating unit and a modification thereof as examples illustrative of embodiments of my invention, and shall describe the refrigcrating unit, and its modification, hereinafter. The structures referred to are shown in the accompanying drawings.

- Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the refrigerating unit. Fig. 2 illustrates'its application to the or- 5 dinaryice box which is indicated conventionally. Fig. 3 illustrates a side view of the refrigerating. unit and the ice box. Figs. 2 and 3 are used to get an idea of the relative sizes of the parts of therefrigerating unit. Fig. 4 is a view of the unit. Fig. 8 illustrates one form of a receptacle for chilling material. Fig. 9 illustrates another form of receptacle for chilling material. The receptacles shown in Figs. 8 and 9 are attached for adjustment to the expansion shell containing the expansion chambers of the refrigerating element and shown in Figs. 1 and 7. Fig. 10 is an enlarged sectional view illustrating the details of construction of the upper part of the refrigerating unit. Fig. 11 is a similar view i1- lustrating the details of the lower part of the refrigerating unit. Fig. 12 is a view of a section of the control valve for regulating the operations of the refrigerating unit. Fig. 13 is a view of a section taken on the plane of the line l3-l3 indicated-in Fig. 12, considerably enlarged. Fig. 14 illustrates a top view of the expansion shell containing the expansion chambers of the refrigerating unit. Fig. 15 is a view of a section on the plane of the line ll5 indicated in Fig. 11. Fig. 16 illustrates a side view of the expansion elements contained in the expansion shell illustrated in Figs. 10, 11, and 15. Fig. 17 is an inverted view of the lower end of the expansion elements of the refrigerating elements shown in Fig. 11.- Fig. 18 illustrates a portion of a conducting element located intermediate the surfaces of the parts of the refrigerating unit to insure transmission of heat from the articles or material to be chilled and thesurfaces of other parts of the refrigerating unit. Fig. 19 illustrates a modified form of the expansion elements of the refrigerating unit. Fig. 20 is a liquid level control valve for controlling the operations of the refrigerating unit. Fig. 21 is an inverted view of the bottom of the expansion elements shown in Fig. 19. Fig. 22 is a view of a section of a valve which may be located in one of the elements illustrated in Fig. 19 for insuring the positive circulation of the refrigerating fluids. Fig. 23 illustrates a side view of an exenlargement of a heat conductive area of the surface of the shell. Fig. 24 is a view of a section of the extension part illustrated in Fig. 23 and illustrates its relation to the expansion shell of the refrigerating unit. Fig. 25 illustrates a top view of the shell extension shown in Fig. 23

having means for further increasing the surface areas. Fig. 26 is a side view of the part of the shell extension and fins shown in Fig. 25. Fig.

27 illustrates one of the fin blanks from which one of the fins, shown in Figs. 25 and 26 may be forrtned. Fig. 28 illustrates a removable shelf par The constructions containing my' invention are particularly so formed that they may be embodied in relatively smallshells', whereby they 2,161,667 condensing chamber having the condensing elemay be connected to containers with very small openings. The expansion elements of the refrigerating unit are located in a shell that is placed ina container having a heat insulating wall while the other elements. of the refrigerating unit are located in a shell that is positioned onthe outside of the container. Thus the construction containing my invention is such that it may be readily connected as a unit .to any form of container that is used for any purpose.

-When the unit has been thus connected, its refrigerating efllciency will exist and be utilized in the chilling of boxes and containers of different forms, such as those of large dimensions, as well as those of small dimensions, and for refrigerating materials and articles located in receptacles that are positioned contiguous to the expansion chamber of the refrigerating unit, or, in chilling the air and producing circulation of the air throughout the container, as well as chilling small receptacles containing materials that are usually iced or frozen. The same efficiency may be obtained where perishable articles are to be placed on display. The expansion shell of the refrigerating unit, that is, the shell containing expansion chambers, may thus be extended to produce the transference of heat from articles large surface. area, although the expansion shell itself has a relatively small diameter and is inserted through a small opening. Preferably, the

main expansion chamber is formed annular, whereby both its inner wall increases the convection and the circulation of the fluid chilled thereby.

As shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, the refrigerating unit may be applied to an ice box or refrigerator box heretofore used, and which are commonly chilled by the use of ice, in the manner well known in the art. The refrigerating unit forming my invention, may be located in refrigerating relation to the interior of the ice box by boring a small hole in the top of the box and inserting the expansion shell I in the ice chamber that is closed by the door of the ice box 3. The space occupied by the expansion shell I .being relatively small, leaves a large volume for the storage of articles that are to kept chilled by the use of the refrigerating element. The compressor elements of the refrigerating unit is located in the shell 4 which is positioned on the top of the ice box. The parts within the shells i and 4 are interconnected by suitable pipes that interconnect the compressor elements and the expansion elements of refrigerating apparatus.

In order that a suitable amount of air may be distributedover the parts that become heated in their operations, the shell 4 is provided with louver'openings 5 for the admission of air to cool the compressor, condenser, receiver, and motor, located within the shell 4. The air is drawn into and circulated through the shell 4 by means of-a fan 6 which is located in proximity to a screened opening 1 formed in the top of the shell. The fan 6' is operated by the motor 8 to draw the air through the louver openings and cause it to circulate in and about the 'parts of the apparatus located in the shell 4 and expel it through the openings 1.

The condenser is located between the louvers 5 and baiiie plates I2, that extend from the top and bottom of the shell 4, causing the movement of the air over-the parts of the pipes that form the condenser. The space between the baflle plates n is covered by the baille plate I: units of the system there is located a heat inlocated in spaced relation from the. edgeportions oi the bailie plates i2 and;so:as tocause the air to move upwardly and downwardlyland to-dlstribute itself vertically so as to pass to all of the prevents short circuiting of the air from the space in between the edge parts of the baille plates l2 and ii of the outlet I. and so as to force the air to pass over the motor and compressor.

Preferably not only the air is baiiied inits I movement through theshell 4. to cause it to move over the surfaces of eachand all of the elements contained within the shell, but. also .to dampen the sound that is produced by reason of the operation oi the refrigerating elements contained in the shell 4.. The refrigerating elements contained in the shellate all sound-proofed by walls or parts that are covered with sound proofing material ii, and the openings are baililed by the baflles II, II, and I which are covered with sound plooflngmaterlal. ll. Consequently, the

sound ,that is produced by the operation of the refrigerating elements within the shell is not aiiorded any direct e outside the shell and, consequently, .will be confined largely to the shell, andthe sound that reachesthe exterior of the shell 4 is greatly. reduc d.

The motor s is supported in the s'hell i by means of the standards it Its shaitiscontothe compressor .2! that maybe of-any suitable type for'lthecompression ofrefrigerant vapor. The compressor 2| is connected to the v condenser II by means of the pipe 22, which is provided with .a' plurality of coils, or, loops, .23, to enable flexible. mounting of the connecting "pipe between the compressor 20 and thecondenser 2|. 'Ihis'prevents'fracture-of the pipe due to the vibration caused bril operation of the motor-and the compressor; Thecondenserll is; connected to'the liquid receiver 2 by .means of the pipe I! and the receiver is .connected to the i mmlon 'elements, in the expansion shell ,I', by.

oi'the pipe 21. The returni'rom the ex- .pan'sion elements in the shell I is through the pipe 28 to'th compressor IL --The pipe 2| is formed into a plurality of vertically rising loops" II. The loops 2! adordameans of connection between the compressor II with, the expansion elementsinthe shell I and prevent fracture by;

- vibration produced by the operation of the com-.

pressor. If desired, th'e'pipell'and its loops 2!, maybe heat insulated to'prevent undue heating and expansionof the iiuids returning to the com- 'lhe i mpress'or 2. issupported by means of the connection 32 between its wall anri the wall;

of the motor II. The receiver; ll is by means of straps 83. to the bottom of the shell and the condenser II is supported by straps ll perforated to receive end portions of the loops of thecoil that forms 'thecondenser 2!. The

straps lit the space on the insideof the louvers 5 and in front of the bailiesli.

The motor athat operates the fan 6 is also used for operating a {an orim'peller 38 located in the'upper end of the shell I, for producing desiredjiorced circulation ofthe medium to be chilled suchas the air of the ice box, or other container in'which the shell I is located. or liquid,

and the evaporative sulating plug. The plug is formed of a suitable heat insulating material, such as hard rubber, or molded compositiomand. may be made of any desired thickness according to the thickness of J the wall of the box or other container in which the shell i is to be located.- Within the plug is locatedan insulating cup or block II which is formed of balsa woodor ,cork to increase the heat insulation of theconnection between the shells I and l. I! duired, a centrifugal. switch It may .be located on the shaftiof themotor 8 to produce the required circuit opening operation of the .splitephase coil ot the compressor motor II which operates to enable the starting of the compressor motor, and then cutsout the split-phase winding when the motor has come up to a predetermined speed. The motor circuits are closed by a suitable pressure or thermostatic switch, when such interconnections between the motors are used, to produce substantially simultaneous operation.

The refrigerating liquid from the receiver ll, passes through the pipe 21, to the shell 48 accord ing to the level or. the liquid in the shell. The

pipe 21 communicates with the trap 4! having.

the passageway ll. -A filter screen- 41 is located intermediate the outlet-oi the pipe. 21 and the inlet of the passageway 40 to catch dirt particles and ice-needles that may be entrained in the refrigerating fluid and prevent their further movement through the apparatus, and when thecompressor ceases operation. the objectionable particles will fall to thebottom of the trap ll and be retained therein. The dirt and water remaining in the bottom of the'trap 45 may be subsequently removed by discharging the. samethrough. an opening'which' may be made into the trap is near the-bottom thereof. The pres-,

sure oithe liquid then forces the dirt outwardly and the small opening may then be promptlyv closed b reinsertion ofa gasketed screw or other means or .closing the relatively small opening. The lower end of the passageway II is closed by I means of the needle valve 48 that is operated by a liquid level responsive member l! which is connected to the'valve .48 through the link 3.. The

liquid level responsive member is a weighted member that is, preferably formed solid and is pivotally supported by means of the. pivot pin Ii located in-the cars: 52 secured to a tube 51 that, forms a part of the connector 54 between the trap.

46 and thecontrol valve shell II. The pivotpin Ii extends through an ear it formed integral The discs]! are secured to the brackets "and innfenends of the convolutesprings are connecM, tO the ends of the pivot pin ii and secured therein by the ears 6| which are folded over the edges oi the inner ends of the convolute spr ngs. The discs Bl are angularly movable on the pivot pin Ii to adjust the tension of.

the convolute springs 51 to vary the counterbalancing'eilect of the springs on the iorcesthat.

are exerted on the'member l9, and are secured in theinadiusted positions by means of the pins 62 the brackets,. 52. Theweight of the member 4a thusresponds to the changes'in the level oi the liquid in the shell '55 by reasonof the change in v buoyancy exerted on the weighted member as.

70. that may .be inserted in openings 3 i'ormed in I gas which absorbs heat through the shell I and This operates to open the valve when the level of the liquid falls below a certain point, and allows the fluid to pass through the pipe 21 into the shell 55, until the weighted member 49 again rises and closes the valve by. the rise in the level of the liquid.

The shell 55 communicates with the expansion elements of the refrigerating unit and, as the liquid is released, it flows from the shell 55 into the pipe, 65 which communicates with the chamber formed between the concentric shells it and the shell I. The chamber 61 between the shells l6 and I is a slender annular chamber and forms an expans on chamber for the liquid that is 'discharged from the valve shell 55. This requires a small amount of liquid refrigerant to produce efiicient refrigeration. Here the liquid evaporates and expands, which absorbs heat through the shell I, and causes chilling of the materials or articles or parts that are in contact with the shell I. The liquid rises in the chamber 61 to the same height that it is in the shell 55 and as determined by the valve mechanism contained with-.

in the shell 55. The shell 66 is so formed that its upper extremity is increased in its sectional area. Its upper end forms a chamber wherein the gas which is formed by the expansion or evaporation of the liquid in the lower confines of the shells 66 and I may be separated from the liquid.

The lower portions of the shells 6 and I, being located in close proximity to each other, the transformation of liquid into gas takes place substantially in contact with the inner surface of the shell I and the heat transmission is thus through the highly conductive sheet metal of which the shell I is formed. In the upper region of the chamber 61, there is also the expansion'of the chills the exterior article or materials that are ating unit. Where the shell 66 is contracted to a smalldiameter, the corrugations may be omitted, but preferably the upper end of the shell isfiared outwardly in order to form a strengthening flange or heat part which will sustain the upper end of the shell 66. v

Theends of the shells 6i and I may be connected together in any suitable manner, such as by spinning over the edges of the shell I onto the edges of the ends of the shell 66 and soldering the joints together gas tight.

In order to break down the surface film of the refrigerant and afford rapid heat transference to. the refrigerant, the liquid and gas is rapidly moved over the surface of the chamber. The construction is such that there will be formed definite upward streams of the liquid and the gas and downward streams of the liquid within the chamber 61. In the particular form of construction shown, a shell I0 is provided with means for directing the streams of the refrigerant. It may be provided with vertical corrugations I3 to form vertical flues. They are located with reference to the shell I to form wide and narrow passageways between the shell I0 and the shell I for the move-- mentof the gas and liquid in'the chamber 61. If desired, a shell II is located within the vertically corrugated shell III and contiguous tothe shell 66. The space between the upper edge portions of the shells II and 'III' are made funnel shaped or flared to form a relatively large opening at the upper ends of the passageways that are formed by the vertical corrugations in the shell I0. The upper edge portions are located in the upper end of the chamber 61 and the shell II is tapered inwardly to form a large annular mouth at the upper end of the shell. Thus the liquid, which is transformed rapidly to gas along -the inner surface of the shell I, passes rapidly upward through the passageways afforded by the vertical corrugations of the shell I0 and carries with it the liquid located in the passageways.

This breaks down any film formation and maintains the liquid in intimate heat transfer rela- 'tion from points-exterior to the chamber 61. In the large portion of the chamber 61, the gases separate from the liquids and expand and the liquids descend by being caught by the annular mouth 12 between the shells I0 and II and de'- scend through the passageways I3 afforded by the vertical corrugations of the shell III to the lower end of the chamber 61 producing rapid up and down currents.

In order to prevent the gases that may be transformed from the liquid in the lower end of the chamber 51 from. passing into the spaces between the shells IO and II, at their lower ends, a suitable bailie may be provided which extends over the lower ends of the passageways to defiect the gases to the spaces between the shell III and the shell I. Thus, the shells II may be flanged outwardly, as at 14 to cover the lower ends of the inner passageways I3 between the shell I0 and the shell I I. This will, however, permit the downwardly moving liquids to enter the lower end of the chamber 61 while it directs the circulatory movements of the liquid and gas upward and allows free movement of the liquid downward. The liquid is thus brought into continuous contact with the inner surface of the shell I by a rapid circulation which enables rapid absorption of the heat through the shell I and the consequent rapid transformation of the liquid into a gas, and at the same time, breaks down all surface films.

A plurality of annular intercommunicating chambers are formed between the corrugated portions of the shell 66 and the substantially-cylindrical shell II, in which the refrigerant element is located. There will be absorption of heat through the wall of the shell 66 which will mean the expansion of the liquid within the annular chambers between the corrugations of the shell 66 into a gas. In order to direct the gas, together with the liquid, into the upwardlymoving gas and liquid located between the shell I0 and the shell I, the shell II and the shell I0 are provided with openings extending along the corrugations of the shell III that make substantial contact with the shell I I, which allows the liquid and' gas that arises from between the shells 66 and II to pass upwardly in the upwardly moving stream of the gas-and liquid, into theupper end of the chamber 61. Thus, the openings in the corrugations I6 will allow adjustment of the liquid withinthe spaces of the corrugations II of the shell 66 and movement of the gas and liquid through the openings I8 in the alternate corrugations I9. There will thus be produced circulatory movement of the liquid in the spaces of the corrugations II and movement of the gas and liquids into the rapidly upwardly moving streams formed by the vertical corrugations of 2,101,? theshell 1n, and located between mm is and II.

In order to produce equalised pressure and maintain the effective level of the liquid within thechainber II, at the level maintained by the level controlling valve in the shell I, the upper end'of the chamber 61 is connectedvto. the top of the shell 5| by'means of the pipe 83. In the operation of the apparatus, the gas is drawn from the space above the level of the liquid as determined by the liquid level controlling valve inthe shell 55. In the particularform of construction shown, the gases are withdrawn from the expansion elements contained within the exliquid and the consequent conversion into-gas and the expansion of the gas,'by means of the pipes 85 and O6. and also by means of the bailie 81. The suction through the pipe 84 is that produced through the secondary associated expansion unit located in the shell by theoperation of the compressor, as described hereinafter. The lubricant, used'in lubricating the compressor, is-carried into the refrigerating elements by the action of the compressor, and, with the boiling oil of the refrige'rantthat takes place in the expansion chamber, is collected therein and clogs the passageways and reduces the eiliciency of the machine. I The accumulation of the lubricant'may eventually result in running the com pre'ssor dry,"which would result in the destruction of the compressor. In order to insure the regular and posltivereturn of anylubricant that may have been carried over with the liquid into the expansion elements of the shell i, back to' the compressor, the lubricant, which ordinarily would become highly concentrated in the chamber 61, is drawn upward together with a small amount of the refrlgerantliquld that may be.

mixed therewith through the pipe 8. that is preferably located within the pipe I. The pipe .5 filled with the refrigerant liquid and, hence, there will be very little absorption ofheat by the liquid within the pipe II, and, consequentlythere will be very little transformation of the small amount of refrigerant liquid into a gas within the pipe 88, which would otherwise. disturb the movement of the liquid within the pipe 86. Thus,

the lubricant that may be have been concentrated.

or otherwise collected by means of the evaporation of the refrigerant liquid in the chamber ll .will be returned't'o the compressor through the pipes It and 84. r

The pipe '8 communicates with a conical chamber ll formed in the plug OI, which closes the lower end of the pipe 05. The tube It is adlustablv located with reference to the chamber II to regulate the connection, between the interior of the chamber and the interior of the, pipe .5, exterior to the adjustable pipe '6. The

- the upper end of the pipe II, or, more accurately, v with the upper part'of the shell through the passageway 92. The effective crossesection'al area of which is varied as -may be desired bymeans of the small screw ll located-in a plug 04 that,

except for the passageway It, closes the end of the pipe I. The plug .04 is located the neck ll connected to the upper end of th shell". Thenecktilsclosedbymeansofa cap or plug. The plug it is threaded and thus adjustable in the neck II, and the pipe I is secured to the plug 05 and, consequently, the lower end of the pipe .8 may be adjusted with in the plug 00., Thus, the reduction'of. pressure or draft through the pipe I! may be adiusted manually by the adjustment of the pipe ll with reference tothe chamber It, also by the adjustment of the passageway 82 by the pin 03 to vary the draft or reduction of pressure in the pipe ll according to the draft or reduction of pressurein the upper end of the shell 55. Likewise, the draft or reduction of pressure to remove the gases that are located in the upper ends of the chamber 81 and of the shell I is adjusted with reference to that which draws the" refrigerant liquid and lubricant from the cham-,

ber 61. 7

The pipe 84 commu'nicateswith the lower end of the coil 08. The coil ll may have any suitable length and may if desired extend to any 1 point below or beyond the end of the shell I. The

through an opening provided for the receipt of the shell i, Inthe particular form of construetion shown, the'coil as is located withinthe shell thatistobechilledbytheunit. Intheoil",

further boiling of the liquid refrigerant takes place and, thus, concentrates the lubricant and 'moves the lubricant toward the compressor.

Thecoil ll communicates at its upper end with a liquid trap 08 wherein the liquid refrigerant that has not been entirely converted into a vapor in the coil 88 and the lubricant will be caught and maintained until the liquid refrigerant is converted into a gas. The trap II is provided with a plurality of cups ill having minute open-' ingslll which gradually permit movement of the liquid from one cup to the cup below, while the gas, salt is formed from the liquid, passes through the central flangedor piped openings 1 until the bottom cup receives substantially only. lubricant liquid, the liquid refrigerant having been converted quiteentirely into a gas. The lubricant liquid is then deposited on the bottom of the trap ll whence it is drawn by the rush the compressor, into the compressor in finely di- -vided portions through the pipe I". The trap I] may be centrally located with respect to the Thus, the pipe 88 reference to the edge of the tapered chamber It or rapid stream of gas, during the operation of shell i, or at any'point with reference to the system. In a preferred form, it 'is located 00-,

axially within the coil OI and within the shell i.-

, It is desirable in many cases to locate a liquid trap at a point in the expansion elements of. the refrigerating unit where the temperature of ,the mediumor the material or gas to be chilled material will pass downward giving place to hotter material and consequently the hotter gases will bring about more rapid or more thorough distillation of the refrigerant liquid from the lubricant. In the form of construction shown, the pipe I05 terminates within a shell I01 and near the upper end of the shell. Preferably, the top of the shell II is dome shaped for distribution of the liquids after they are carried through the pipe I by the gas. The gas. passes out of the shell I01 through the upturned end I08 01' the pipe 29, while the liquids will be sprayed and caught by the dome shaped top and disposed on the bottom of the shell. The pipe 29, near the bottom of the shell, is provided with a' plurality of small openings I09, which will permit the reintroduction of the oil in finely divided quantities into the circulatory system in the passageways that lead to the compressor. The oil that is thus directed into the passageway to. the

compressor is still further concentrated within shell 4 to provide for iceboxes of different thicknesses, without breaking any connections or making any disconnection.

The flooded evaporative system or the dry evaporative system of refrigerationmay be utilized for absorbing heat. The difference of the two systems being largely one of regulation of refrigerant liquid supply to the evaporative units of the system, the systems described above may be' varied from the flooded evaporative system described above to the dry evaporative system.

The pipe 29 passes through the channel or groove I00 formed in the plug 39 (Fig. 5) which may be made to have a height equal to the thickness of the wall II3 of the icebox. In order to provide for iceboxes having difierent thicknesses of walls, suitable spacing blocks or members may be located intermediate the brackets 'I I5 and the plug 39. The evaporative units are connected to and through the plug 39 to support the evaporative of the system withinthe container. Thus, the compressor may be located at a point remote from the plug, such as underneath the container or at a place remote from the container, but may be connected to the evaporative units by means of pipes that pass through the plug. Also, the switch H is connected to an extension shaft IIi of the motor 8. This connection is made by means of the fingers III which engage the holes I I0 formed in a plate I I9 which forms a part of the switch H2 and is connected to the shaft H6. The fan 38 is connected to a shaft II4 having bearings I20 locatedin a tube I2I which is adjustable with reference to the' serted through an opening I23 to engage the cap 96, the plug 94, and the pin 93, and make the desired adjustments. The opening I23 maybe closed by a suitable plug I24.

In order to prevent the compressor from drawing a relatively large quantity-of liquid refrigerant and lubricant when the compressor starts, the trap 99 is provided with a means for limiting the amount of the accumulated liquid that may pass into the passageways leading to the compressor. The lower cup I02 is provided with a pipe I06 that has length sufiicient to extend above the level of the liquid that may collect in the trap 99 and, consequently, when the compressor starts only that liquid located in the lower end of the pipe I05 and the pipe I06 connected to the bottom cup I02 will move towards the compressor while the remainder of the liquid will be held by the cup. The liquid will then gradually discharge from the bottom cup I 02 through the holes I03. Also, the liquid that moves toward the compressor when it starts will be sprayed or sub-divided by striking the dome in the upper trap or shell I0'I.

a After the insertion of the shell I through the small opening I26 formed in the wall II3 of the container, suitable receptacles or other devices that are to be chilled by the chilling elements of the refrigerating unit. contained within the shell I may be located in heat conductive relation to the shell I. If desired, the shell I may be inserted into a liquid or into a gas which is to be chilled. such as water or air. Also, lateral shelves may be attached to the shell I, after its insertion, on which the receptacles or articles may be located in order to locate such articles in heat conductive relation to the refrigerating shell I. Ifdesired, freezable liquid may be disposed in heat conductive relation to the shell I by locating it in a container that is attached to the shell I. The container walls may be used, if

desired, to support articles or materials that are to be chilled by the refrigerating elements in the shell I. Thus, there is provided a means for maintaining the articles in a chilled condition and retaining the low temperature producible by the refrigerating unit for increasing the length of the periods in the cycle of operation in the refrigerating system and, more particularly, maintain the container in which the shell I is located at a low temperature for a long period of time in case the electric current, which operates the motor should be stopped for any reason. Thus, the containers I30 for containing water, or a mixture of elements that will reduce the freezing point of the mixture, may be located in the container I30 for cold storage.

The containers I30 may be, if desired, enclosed within a shell I3I that may be formed of segmental par-ts that are secured together in any way desired. Thus, the segments of the shell I3I may be bound together and against the shell I by means of a wire I32 which may be drawn tightly by any suitable means, such as by means of the bolt I33, which is connected at any point to the wire band I32. If desired, the wire band I32 may extend through the end of the bolt I 33. Rotation ofthe bolt I33 will wind the wire band I32 at the point of connection of the wire band I32 with the bolt I33, which will secure the segmental parts of the shell I3I in thermal contact with the shell I. In order, to secure the bolt I33 in position to maintain the wire band I32 tight, a thumb nut I34, which is threaded onto the outer end of the bolt I33, may be rotated to draw the bolt I33 outwardly and, consequently, draw on the band I32.' The pressure of the'surface of the nut I34 against the surface of the shell I 3I and the friction of the surface of the thread of the bolt with the nut I34 will prevent reverse rotation of the bolt I33 and thus the shell m will be tightly held in position. I: desired, a cover Ill which may be also formed of segments may be secured above the shell Iii and to the shell I in the same manner that the shell III is secured, as by the wire band I ll. which may also be drawn by a bolt similar to the bolt -I33 and nut I34.

secured by .a thumb nutsimilar to the thumb A plurality of such containers I and closure members III may be secured to the wall of the shell I in order to provide for'the desired cold storage. The closure members III form means for supporting the articles to be chilled and,

sheet metal provided an air space is located bebeing formed of metal, they aiford a heat con-' ductive means as between the articles or containers placed thereon. In order to increase the heat conductivity and insure intimate conductive relation between the enclosures I3I and, the shell I, metal elastic strips I may be located intermediate the segments that form the closure member I3I. Theelastic heat conductor,

' maybe formed of fiatmetal strips woven in a form of-a basket weave that may be located intermediate the surface of the segments that form the closure member. I3I and the wall of the shell I. Any suitable elastic metal contact-mem here may be interposed between the shells III and the shell I. I

The wall of the enclosures I3l may be provided with a plurality of elastic fins which are inserted in slots I. The fins I may be pressed into the slots to make good heat conductive contact between the fin I43 and the outer portions of the enclosures III. The fins I are preferably curved to reduce the space required, and yet maintain the fins in spaced relation to enable air to move over their surfaces vertically. The finswill operate to'increase the transmission offthe heat of the'air surrounding theshell I to the heat absorbing elements contained within the shell and may be bent to be located in close proximity to the wall Iii or may be spread towards- I the radial lines from the center of the container towhich the fins are connected.

' If desired, any suitable shape ,of shelf may be purposes; or for supporting articles that are to be chilled. The outlines of such shelvesmay be the diameter of the shell I. ,It is provided with a muralityof spring fingers I42 that will frictionally engage the surfaceof theshell I. Also,

if desired, the spring fingers Il! may be tightly pressed against the shell I by any suitable means to secure the shelf I in position on the shell I.

If desired, icecube trays Ill may be located on one or more of the shelves. 'The ice cube "are located and also may be secured to the shelf tween the sheet 'metal and the outer surfaces of the receptacles. Preferably. a covering of flexible heat insulating material is disposed around the segmental receptacles to preventthe trans: mission of heat from other articles through the outer walls of the receptacles, such as the flexible heat insulating-cover I52. The covering I5! 'is secured to the shelf on which the receptacles Ill located above, asby suitable buttons I83 and the cooperative securing studs III.

Flor air refrigeration, particularly to refrigerate the air of the container in which the shell I is located,an d at the same time to reduce the humidity of the air before it passes within the closely positioned parts within the corrugated shell 8, I have provided a plurality of, fins I" that may be secured by any means to the upper end of the shell I. The fins I 51 may be made radial and extend to points in close proximity to .the inner surface of the wall 3. ,The outer edges of the fins I51 may becomparatively wide and so as to extend well below the upper edge of used for supporting containers for cold storage,-

trays I are preferably segmental in form, and,

when placediogether in position, form'an annulus of a, plurality of containers. Material other than water may be inserted in. the trays I to be partitions I may be located in the trays Ill to having a considerable depth may also be locatedon one of the shelves that are secured to the frosen or chilled as may be desired. .Separating .-wire band may be provided with eyes Iillat shell I. If desired,aplat'e Ill may be loeatedon the bottomf'of the receptacle :m for the removal of the frozen or chilled food. The plate I" is theshell I. If desired, they may be. supported on a .plate I" that may be formed integrally with the fins I51. Thus, the entrance space for the air current induced by the operation of the fan 38 as well as .by the convection of the air downwardly produced by the chilling of the air within the 'corrugated shell 66 will be large and consequently the air will move slowly over the fins I51 which are in heat conductive relation with the shell I, and. enable the disposition of the moisture on the surfaces of the fins, which will also collect on the, plate I58. When the compressor is in operation, the fan 38 will drive, the air, having the major portion of its moisture removed, rapidly-through the spaces within the shell 66 and prevent frosting of the parts located within the shell 86 and also prevent, or greatly reduce, the frosting of the inner surface of the shell 86. During the periods in which the motor is at rest, the convection of the air within the shell 66 will cause inward movement of the relatively warm air, which will also cause remelting of the. frost from the fins. Also, the temperature" of the upper end of ,the shell I rises byreason of the fact that the refrigerant liquid descends to the level 'as determined by the float.

The fins I81 may be removably secured to the" shell I in' anysuitable manner after the insertion of the shell I. into the container. In the .form of vconstructionshown, the plate I58 may be formed of a plurality of segments that have each a plurality of fins I61 and they may be a tightly secured in position the upper end of the shell I by means of a wire band I58. The

its ends, and the ends may be drawn together by. means of the bolt and nut ISI. A suitable elastic metallicpla te, such as the woven heat con-.

ductor member I38, may be locatedintermediate the segments of the, plate III, and the fins I51, 75

in order to increase the thermal conductivity between the shell I and the fins I51.

The water that is deposited on the flns I51 and the plate I58 may be conveyed to a pan I82, which may be suitably located to collect the drippings from the plate I58 and the fins I51, as well as "the fins I43. In the form of construction shown, the water pan IE2 is located in proximity to the lower end of the shell I. Thus, the air will be recharged with moisture after it has passed through the spaces within the shell 88 and has again become warm as it passes to other parts of the refrigerator by the forced circulation. This may be desirable in connection with the preservation of certain articles, and at the same time, greatly reduce the frosting on the surface of the shell 66 and the parts contained within the shell.- It will greatly reduce dehydration of articles that may be. contained in the container, or icebox, .in which the shell I is located.

If desired, the pan I62 may be extended to cover a considerable area in order to afford a large evaporative surface and to convey the water to remote parts of the container in which the shell I is located and which will, by absorption, give up the water that is contained within the pan to the air in comparatively remote parts of the container.

To prevent the dripping of the water from the plate I58, if desiredf the plate I58 may be provided with a flange I85, and apipe I65 may be connected through the flange I 65 to convey the water from the plate I58 to the pan I82 or to convey the water to any other suitable container. If desired, a trough I58 may be located below the edge of the plate I58 for collection of the moisture from the plate I58, and the pipeI55 may be connected to the trough for conducting the water to the pan or to any other receptacle.

have provided a means for circulating a liquid through the shell I in place of circulating air. As is well known, liquids will absorb and transmit heat more readily than gases, and, furthermore, it affords an opportunity to greatly increase the area of the surface through which heat may be absorbed by articles to be chilled. Furthermore, it affords -a means whereby the articles located remote from the refrigerating unit may also be chilled by conducting such liquid to such remote points. The'container of the liquid medium may thus be extended or may be located at points more or less remote from the refrigerating unit and, furthermore, the heat absorbing areas maybe localized as may be desired within a container in connectionwith which the refrigerating unit is used. As illustrative of the utility If desired, the surface area through which heatbe dispensed and which has to be maintained in a chilled atmosphere for their preservation. Such an arrangement is shown in Figs.'23 and 24.

Thus, the refrigerating unit may be extended without varying the construction and consequently the refrigerating unit may be applied to chilling articles and materials under a great variety of conditions without altering the construction of the refrigerating unit.

The shell I may be surrounded with a liquid container I12. The liquid container I12 is, preferably, secured to a ring I13 located above the uppershell I and the container is filled to a point slightly above the upper edge of the shell I.

The ring I18 may be connected to a cylindrical part "I which surrounds the cup I39. The

inner diameter of the cylindrical part "I is, preferably, formed larger than the diameter of the shell I whereby the refrigerating unit may be removed from the container in connection with which the refrigerating unit is used, and without removing or disconnecting the liquid container I12.

The fan 38, or impeller, being located well below the edge of the shell I, will, during the operation of the compressor, cause the liquid to pass downward within the corrugated shell 68 and over the surface of the shell 55 and the surfaces of the parts contained in the shell. The liquid will pass below the lower edge of the shell I leterally to the outside of the shell I and upwardly through the liquid container I12. The impeller will thus produce a rapidcirculation of the liquid contained within the liquid container I12 and the shell I and, by reason of its intimate contact with the surfaces of the shell I, the shell 56 and the other refrigerating elements, contained within the shell 58, chill the liquid which will, in its circuitous movement, pass over the surfaces of the liquid container I12. If desired, a pipe having fins,or a receptacle communicating through a pipe without fins, may be located at any point within the container for extending the circulation and a wider distribution of the chilled zone. Thus, the capacity of the refrigerating unit is greatly extended without alteration of the structure of the refrigerating unit.

If desired, sealed receptacles I15 may be 10- cated'in the shelf parts I18 of the container I12. Freezable liquid, such as water, or mixture of water and alcohol, may be located in the sealed receptacles to form a cold storage means and aid in extending the periods in the cycle of operations of the refrigerating apparatus. The sealed receptacles I15 are preferably formed annular in form, or they may be madesegmental and placed in position in the shelf parts I18 in advance of the assembly of the liquid container I12.

The liquid that is used is, preferably, a noncorrosive anti-freeze mixture, such as alcohol and water, or glycerine and water, or other ingredients that will not freeze at the temperature to which the refrigerating may cool the liquid. Also, the impeller used is smaller than the fan that would ordinarily be used in connection with air circula'tion.

The liquid container I12 may be made to conform to. any desired 'shape and consequently it may be provided with shelf parts I18 for the pport of ice trays, cold storage'containers and receptacles in which foods maybe frozen or chilled substantially by direct conduction as described above. In .the particular construction shown in Figs. 23. and 24, the liquid container I12 is formedof a plurality ofsections that are suit- 7t ductive relation to the parts of the'container As shown in Figs. and 26, the fins are attached to the shelf parts I14 by elastic clamping portions which irlctionally hold the fins in position by the yielding pressure that is exerted between the parts.

The fins are formed from blanksthat may be cut from metal strips and so that there will be no waste of the sheet material from which they may be formed. The blanks I82 have two parallel edges I88 and two converging edges I84. It

. is out along the slotted lines I88 and is bent along the dotted lines I88 to form a substantially box shape having two tongues I81 that are located substantially the same distance apart that the outer surfaces 01' the shelf parts I14 are located. The blanks are formed from elastic sheet metal and, consequently, the tongues I81 will elastically clamp the upper and lower sides oi the shelf parts.' The portions I 88 may be bent or twisted angularly so that they wfll lie in a plane at right angles to the plane of the tongues I81. Thus, they will be located vertically and effectively chill the. air and cause convection of the air downwardly through the fins. The slot formed by the cutting oi! the portion I88 and bending along the dotted lines I88 near the ends of thejcut portion I88, forms the portion I88 into a tongue which is displaced outwardly from the contiguous portions of the fin from which it is out along its side edges. "This forms a slot, or re- ,cess, in which the overlapping portions I 8|, of

the container I12, maybe located, while the con- -tiguous areas I82 will be placed in contact with the portions of the shelf parts I14 located above and below the overlapping portions I8I. 1

In the form of construction shown in Figs. 19 to 22, the evaporative units partake of a form slightly difierent from that shown in the. refrigerating'unit illustrated in Figs. 4 to 20. The liquid receiver of the condensing unit of the shell 4 is connected by the .pipe 21 to the control valve shell I88. It enters a sleeve I88 that is closed by a plug I81 that may be threaded through an opening formed in the shell I88 and into the end of the sleeve I88. The upper end of the sleeve I88 communicates with a passageway 288 through the pipe I88. The passageway 288 is controlled by the valve I88 which is slidablymovable in the plug 288 that closes the lower end part 01' the sleeve I88 except for the passageway 288. ,The

' valve I88 is. controlled by the liquid level responsive member 28 I The movable valve member I88 is connected to the liquid level responsive member 28I by means oi. the link 282 and operates to close and open the valve I 88 substantially as in the 'interior 01 the shell I88 through the pipe 281' .which enters the dome 288, whence the liquid drops to the cup 2I8, unless the cup 2I8 is filled with a liquid, whereupon it fiows to the bottom of the shell I88. The movement oi the liquid above the level of that determined by the liquid level re-.

sponsive member 28I is due to the absorptiono! heat through the pipe that forms the coil 288 {which transforms the liquid into a gas and also 5 causes the expansion of the gas. and, consequent, ly, an upward rise of the gas and of the liquid within,the pipe 288, is produced. The liquid. however, passes into-the shell I88 and permits separation of the gas from the liquid and the liquid 1 flows down through the pipe 288 to the lower end. of the coil 288. When the liquid istranstormed into a gas, the member 28I opens the valve I88 and permits an additional supply of liquid in the part of the system consisting of the pipe 288, and 15 the coil pipe 288. There is thus produced a circulatory movement of the liquid and the separation of the (gas as the heat is absorbed through the pipe 288. v

. The gas is withdrawn from this through the pipe 2I I. hear the upper end of the sleeve 2I2 which is secured to the collar 2 I8 that is closed by means of a plug 2 that extends through anopening formed in the head of the shell I85. The. sleeve 5 2I2 is connected to the interior of the dome 2I5 by means of a pipe 2I8. The dome 2I8 is located in the head of the shell I85 to locate the upper end of the pipe 2I8 well above the level of the liquid. This affords a large expansion chamber 30 and, prevents drawing uncontrolled amounts of refrigerant liquid through the pipe 2 to the compressor or through the auxiliary expansion elements. of the refrigerating unit. The pipe 2I8 communicates with the sleeve 2I2 at a point 35 near the upper end of the sleeve 2l2 and a plug 2I1 and, having a narrow passageway 2I8, operates to restrict the movement of the gas into the pipe 2| I. The plug 2I1 is located in the upper end of a second sleeve 2I8 in which the upper 4o end of the pipe 2 is located. The pipe 2I9 has an inturned lower edge portion 228 which is located in the chamber 22I' formed in the cap 222 that has a passageway 223 that communicates with the bottom of the cup 2I8. The-upper end of the sleeve 2I8 is connected to the plug 2I1 which may be adjusted in its position, particularly, the position of the lower end of the pipe 2I8 may be adjusted within the chamber 228 to regulate themovement of the liquid 2 in amounts that are controlled by the adjustment of the plug 2I1 and, consequently.:by

- the adjustment of the inlet from the cupfi2'l8.

Thus, the rate of flow as between 'that ofi theliquid and of the gas may be also c'ontrolled' 'by the pin 228 which is adjustably located"in'the so plug 2I1 to vary the restriction of the passageway 2I8. The cup 2I8 is preferably covered with a screen 228 to prevent dirt from fouling the passageways that lead from the cup into the pipe 2I I.

The pipe 2 is connected to the lower end of the coil 228 where expansion of the gas takes place and also where any of the liquid that is drawn from the cup 2I8 is transformed into a gas. The upper end of the coil 228 is connected to the trap 88 where the lubricant is concentrated and returned with the gas in uniformly sub-divided quantities through the pipe I88. If desired, the coil pipe 2884s so formed that the upper coils 288 are located closer together than circuitous path The pipe 2 terminates of the gas.

the lower turned coils 23L This is to increase the volume above the normal liquid level as determined by the member 201 for the expansion This enables a better separation of the gas from the liquid while well within the coiled pipe 206, the gas will discharge into the shell I05 while the liquid will be caught in the cup 2". The liquid within the cup will thus be quite completely separated from the gas, par-' ticularly that portion of the liquid located at the bottom of the cup, and hence liquid that is drawn into the pipe 2 will not ,be of a frothy character, but will pass down with the cold gas in divided and controlled quantities.

In order to insure movement of the gas upwardly through the coil pipe 206 and prevent return movement by the shorter pipe 205, aoneway check valve 233 may be located near the juncture of the pipe 205 and the pipe 206, which will prevent return flow of the liquid from the pipe 206. The normal movement of the liquid and the gas within thepipe 206 will be upward owing to the fact that the column or weight per unit ofvolume, due to the head of the liquids in the pipes 205 and 206 is the same, although the gas, by reason of its buoyancy, will carry liquid ahead of it in its upward movement. If desired, the coiled pipe 206 may be covered by means-of a shell 235. Also, the shell I95 may be covered on its outer surface with an insulating'coating or covering 236 for reducing the rate of heat transmission from the air to the elements in which the absorption of heat takes place within the refrigerating unit. Also, if desired, a central insulating sleeve 238 may be located within the coiled pipe 206.- The insulating sleeve 238 is located within the upper end part of the coil 206 but may be extended to cover the interior surfaces of the coil 206 throughout its entire length or any part thereof. The insulating coverings 236 and 238 operate to prevent excess heat absorption in the shell I95 and insure absorption of the major portion of the heat bythe transformation of liquid into gas within the coiled pipe 206. The coverings 236 and 238 may be formed by painting the shell 195 and the inside of the coil of the pipe 206 with a suitable paint or mixture of paints to heat insulate these surfaces. The pipe 206 is, preferably, brought into intimate contact with the metallic shell 235. which corresponds to the shell -I of the form of construc- Preferably, an insulating cover is placed on the pipes 65 and 205, in order to prevent the I absorption of heat. by the refrigerant material contained within these-pipes, such as a coating of a plastic material or a painted covering of inslllating, material 25|,' which will reduce the tendency of the upward movement of the refrigerant liquid.

The shell I may be connected by means of brackets 2 to the upper edge of the shell 235 and the turns of the coil pipe 220 may be secured in their relation to each other by means of strips 2 and hooks 245 that connect the coils. with,

. used for propelling air through the-interior of the refrigerating shell 235, will be. larger.. The

in connection with the refrigeraitng unit havingthe shell I. 1 The rapid circulation of the air reduces frosting and, taken in conjunction with the insulating coatings and shells, it practically eliminates frosting.

Any suitable thermic control device may be used for initiating the periodic operations of the compressor to maintain the temperature of any part of the system at the desired average temperature, preferably an adjustable thermic control element is placed in thermic relation with the shell enclosing the evaporative chambers.

I claim: a

1. In a refrigerating system, a member located contiguous to the wall of the evaporative chamber of the system for directing the refrigerant gas upward and the refrigerant liquid downward,

the said member having means for collecting the downward moving liquid and directing it laterally to the streams of upwardly moving ,gas and liquid.

2. In a refrigerating system, the system having an annular evaporative chamber, a vertically corrugated member located within the chamber and forming vertically disposed passageways for directing the refrigerant liquid and gas upward and refrigerant liquid downward.

3. In a refrigerating system, a shell forming the exterior wall of an evaporative chamber of the refrigerating system, a vertically corrugated shell located concentric to the surface of the first named shell to afford rapid absorption through the wall of the first named shell and rapid upward movement of the gas and liquid.

4. In a refrigerating system, evaporative chamber of the refrigerating system having substantially coaxial walls and. forming an annular chamber and free passageway of heat transferring medium through the inner wall, walls formed to produce a large cross-sectional area in the upper end of the chamber and a small crosssectional'area in the lower end of the chamber, and means located in the portion of the chamber having the smaller cross-sectional area for directing streams of liquid and gas upward and for collecting liquid and directing it downward.

5. In a refrigerating system, evaporative chamber of the refrigerating system having substantially coaxial walls and forming an annular chamber and free passageway of heat transferring medium over the inner and outer walls,

.'walls formed to produce a large cross-sectional 6. In a refrigerating apparatus, a part of the refrigerating apparatus having a surface adapted to absorb heat from the side of another part of the apparatus, the said surface located in close proximity to the said side, elastic sheet metal covering all parts of the opposing surfaces to secure intimate thermal contact between the surfaces at points distributed over all opposing parts of the surfaces.

. arenas-1 'I. In a refrigerating system, a shell having a pair of heat conductive walls and forming an evaporative chamber, and means forming a pas-. sageway located intermediate the said walls for directing refrigerant liquid downward and centrally with respect to the said walls and refrigerant liquid and gas upward along the surfacesoperating to produce rapid heat absorption from v the medium, and the upper part of the chamber of the gas v operative to produce rapid separation from the liquid.

9. In a refrigerating unit; an evaporative chamber formed to have a vertical passageway for the movementeof the medium cooled by the evaporative chamber therethrough, a heat insulating material covering the surface of the said passageway, the outer exterior surface of,- the evaporative chamber in non-insulative relation {2; the medium exterior to the evaporative chaml. 10. In a refrigerating system, an expansion chamber, a means having aplurality ofnarrow passageways opening below the level of the liquid refrigerant extending downward from the expansion chamber and intercommunicatlng at their lower ends, certain of the passageways for directing refrigerant gas and liquid upward from the lower ends of the passageways to the expansion chamber .and other of the passageways for directing refrigerant liquid downward to the lower ends of the passageways, the said expansion chamber having means for diverting refrigerant liquid to the passageways that direct the liquid downward and the last named passageways having means for directing the refrigerant fluid to the first named passageways to prevent interference between the upward and downward moving of the' refrigerating chamber, the liquid container formed to have a plurality of parallel, spaced, hollow shelves extending outwardly from the body of the container and into the refrigerating storage chamber, the interior of the hollow shelves communicating with the interior of the container and filled with the said non-freezable liquid, the shelf parts adapted to support material'within the refrigerating chamber and in intimate heat conductive relation to the said liquid in the container and within the shelf parts.

12. In a refrigerating system, a container, a shell located in the container having an annular expansion chamber, and forming a vertically, centrally located passageway for chilling air, a plurality of fins connected to the upper end of the shell and extending outwardly from the upper end of the expansion chamber and located in heat conductive relation to the air that moves radially between the fins and inwardly with re-;

spect .to the passageway and downwardly through the passageway, means for directing air between and along the surfaces of the fins to produce deposition of moisture from the air as it moves along the surfaces of the fins prior to its downward movement through the passageway to reduce the deposition of the moisture from the air within the passageway and to reduce frost formation within the passageway.

13. In a refrigerating system, an evaporator. a

refrigerating storage chamber, a liquid container located in the refrigerating storage chamber and surrounding the evaporator, the space between the evaporator and the inner surface of the container containing liquid non-freezable at operative temperatures of. the system, the liquid container formed of a plurality of elements and means for interconnecting the said elements, certain or, the said elements having hollow shelves 'extendingoutwardly from the body of the consion chamber, an impeller for circulating air over the expansion chamber, a chilling, means for collecting the moisture from the'air, means i for conducting .the moisture to a point remote from the chilling means and in the path of the circulating air-for recharging the air with its depleted moisture as the temperature of the air rises.

15. In a. refrigerating system, a liquid trap interposed between the compressor and the 'evaporative chamber of the system, means for collecting liquid, a member for retaining a large portion of the collected liquid, and having a small outlet that gradually releases the said portion by gravity during the operation of the compressor. q

16. In combination with a container having a relatively small opening in one end thereof, a

removable refrigerating self-contained unit having a cylindrical shell insertible through the said opening and into the container and fitting the opening and containing the'evaporator of the refrigerating system, a second shell connected to a first-named shell and containing the com pressor, the compressor connected to the evaporator, and a plurality of shelf parts removably connected to the first-named shell and extending laterally from the cylindrical surface of the shell for supporting material and adapted to conduct heat from the material.

17. In combination with a container having an L opening, a removable refrigerating self-contained insertible through the opening, a shell contain- .unit, the evaporator of. the refrigerating system ing the compressor, the compressor connected to the evaporator, and a plurality of shelf .parts removably connectedto the evaporator of the re-- frigerating system and extending laterally from the outside lateral surfaces of the said evaporator and producing across dimension when 18. In combination with a container, a refrig erating apparatus having an evaporator, the con tainer having .a small opening having extarior dimensions substantially the same as the cross exterior. dimensions of the evaporator, and a

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