US2161021A - Combustion apparatus - Google Patents

Description

June 6, 19 39. M. DE LIN I 2,161,021

COMBUSTION APPARATUS Filed April 5, 1957 11v VEIYTOR v A TTORNE Y5.

Patented June 6, 1939 COIWBUSTION APPARATUS Martin De Lin, Holland, Mich., assignor to Holland Furnace Company, Holland, Mich., a corporation of Michigan Application April 5, 1937, Serial No. 134,984

4 Claims This invention relates to combustion apparatus, and more particularly to improvements in the' construction of combustion chambers and the arrangement of same with respect to a heat exchanger.

The principal object of this invention is to provide for an improved transfer of heat from the combustion chamber to the medium to be heated. This object is attained in part by positioning the combustion chamber within a heat exchanger in spaced relation thereto, the combustion chamber being formed to provide for the circulation of the products of combustion subv stantially uniformly throughout the heat exchanger. Specifically, the combustion chamber is formed with outlet openings for the discharge of the products of combustion in both the lower and upper portions thereof.

Realization of the foregoing object is attained,

in part also, by positioning .the heat exchanger within a casing through which the medium to be heated passes in such manner that substantially the entire exterior surface of the heat exchanger is exposed to the medium to be heated.

Various other objects more or less incidental and ancillary to the foregoing will appear from the following description, when read in connection with the accompanying drawing, wherein- Figure 1 is a side view in elevation of a combustion apparatus embodying the present invention with parts broken away to show the interior construction thereof; I

Figure 2 is a sectional view taken on substantially the line 22 of Figure 1; and

Figure 3 is a perspective view of the combustion chamber shown in Figures 1 and 2.

The combustion apparatus illustrated in the accompanying drawing includes a combustion chamber III, a heat exchanger ll surrounding the combustion chamber and supported by a supporting frame l2, an inner casing l3 surrounding the heat exchanger and arranged in spaced relation thereto, an outer casing ll surrounding the inner casing and arranged in spaced relation thereto, a burner I5 for supplying a mixture of fuel and air to the combustion chamber l0, and an auxiliary casing l6 enclosing the burner l5. v

The outer casing I 4 is provided with a pair of inlet openings 16. An opening is formed in the bottom wall of the inner casing l3 to provide communication between the inner and outer casings. Inner casing I3 is also provided with an outlet opening H in the top thereof. The me- 5 dium to be heated, in this case, air, may be circulated through the apparatus by a conventional form of circulating pump, not shown.

The heat exchanger II is formed to provide an expansion chamber Ila at the forward end thereof, and an economizer chamber I lb at the other end. Economizer chamber llb is provided with a pair of vertically spaced openings 13 with which are associated 'the outlet flues l9 and 20. The entire heat exchanger H is made up of a plurality of sectional compartments 2! and 22. The compartments 2|. form the expansion chamber. The compartments 22 form the economizer chamber. These sectional compartments. are clamped together by means of rods 23 extending through aligned openings in external ears. The sectional compartments are formed to provide a continuous horizontal passageway throughout the heat exchanger H.

The details of construction of the combustion chamber H] are shown in Figure 3. As there shown, the combustion chamber is of generally rectangular shape, having vertical side walls 24, end walls 25, and a horizontal bottom wall 26. Inclined wall sections 21 are interposed between the lower edges of the side walls and the adjacent edges of the bottom wall. Each of these' inclined wall sections is provided with an opening 28 throughout its entire length. The side walls terminate at their upper extremities in oppositely inclined wall sections 29 which tend to restrict the opening in the top of the combustion chamber. An inlet opening 30 is formed in one of the end walls 25 of the combustion chamber.

The front end (right hand side of Figure l) of the heat exchanger H is closed by a removable plate 3l. Plate 3| is provided with an opening 32, and combustion chamber I0 is secured to plate 3| with the opening 30 of the combustion chamber registering with the opening 32 in the plate. As clearly shown in Figures 1 and 2, combustion chamber In is supported within the expansion chamber II a in spaced relation to the walls thereof.

A bracket 33 is secured to the outer side of plate 3|, upon which burner I 5 is supported. The burner is adapted to deliver a combustible mixture of fuel and air to the combustion chamber Ill through a conduit 34 which has one end connected to the burner l5 and the other end of which projects through aligned openings 30 and 32.

Burner I5 is here shown as a conventional gun type of oil burner which delivers a mixture of atomized fuel oil and air to the combustion chamher l0 under pressure. Oil and electrical current are supplied to the burner IS in any conventional manner from sources not shown.

Combustion is initiated in combustion chamber Ill. The flames resulting therefrom and the products thereof are discharged from the combustion chamber into expansion chamber Ila through the open top of combustion chamber l0 and the openings 21 in the lower portion thereof. Due to the pressure created by the burner l5 and the location of the openings 21, the flames and products of combustion are discharged from the combustion chamber ill in a manner to dis tribute them uniformly throughout the expansion chamber Ila. Contact between the products of combustion and substantially the entire inner surface, including the bottom, of expansion chamber H, is thus assured.

From the expansion chamber lla, the prod-' ucts of combustion pass into the economizer chamber Nb, and are then discharged to a chimney through exhaust fiues l9 and 20. By providing upper and lower exhaust flues, the products of combustion are distributed vertically in the heat exchanger ll throughout their entire travel from the combustion chamber Hi to the exhaust flues l9 and 20.

As previously stated, substantially the entire exterior of the heat exchanger H, including the bottom thereof, is directly exposed to the medium to be heated. Thus, there is assured an eflicient transfer of the heat of combustion to the heat exchanger and also from the heat exchanger to the medium to be heated.

The scope of the invention is indicated in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. A device of the character described comprising a hollow heat exchange body, a combustion chamber disposed within 'the heat exchange body in spaced relation to the walls thereof, the combustion chamber having an inlet opening and upper and lower outlet openings, the lower outlet openings being arranged to direct the products of combustion downwardly whereby the vertical walls of the heat exchange body are heated substantially uniformly throughout their vertical extent, and a burner associated with the inlet opening of the combustion chamber, said burner adapted to deliver a supply of fuel and air to the combustion chamber for combustion therein.

2. A device of the character described comprising a hollow heat exchange body provided with a horizontal passageway having vertical side walls and upper and lower exhaust flues at one end thereof, a. combustion chamber disposed within the other end of the horizontal passageway in spaced relation to the walls thereof, the combustion chamber having an inlet opening in one end thereof and upper andlower outlet openings, the lower outlet openings being arranged to direct the products of combustion downwardly whereby the vertical walls of the heat exchange body are heated substantially uniformly throughout their vertical extents, and fuel supply means associated with the inlet opening of the combustion chamber, said fuel supply means adapted to deliver a mixture of fuel and air to the combustion. chamber for combustion therein.

' 3. A device of the character described comprising a hollow heat exchange body, a combustion chamber disposed within the heat exchange body in spaced relation to the inside walls thereof, the combustion chamber having an open top, vertical side walls, a horizontal bottom wall, and an inclined wall section between the lower edge of each of the side walls and the adjacent edge of the bottom wall, said inclined section being provided with an elongated outlet opening, and means for delivering a supply of fuel and air to the combustion chamber for combustion therein.

4. A device of the character described including a casing for the circulation of a fluid to be heated, a hollow heat exchange body arranged within the casing in spaced relation to the casing to permit circulation of the fluid completely around the heat exchange body, a combustion chamber positioned within the heat exchange body in spaced relation to the inside walls thereof, the combustion chamber having an inlet opening and upper and lower outlet openings, the lower outlet openings being arranged to direct the products of combustion produced in the combustion chamber toward the bottom of the heat exchange body, and a burner associated with the inlet opening of the combustion chamber which is adapted to deliver a supply of fuel and air thereto for combustion therein.

MARTIN DE LIN.

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