US2160112A - Device for reproducing sound - Google Patents

Device for reproducing sound Download PDF

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Publication number
US2160112A
US2160112A US58430A US5843036A US2160112A US 2160112 A US2160112 A US 2160112A US 58430 A US58430 A US 58430A US 5843036 A US5843036 A US 5843036A US 2160112 A US2160112 A US 2160112A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
frequencies
reproducing
resonances
frequency
frequency region
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US58430A
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English (en)
Inventor
Arend Thomas Van Urk
Vermeulen Roelof
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Koninklijke Philips NV
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Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV
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Publication of US2160112A publication Critical patent/US2160112A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/26—Spatial arrangements of separate transducers responsive to two or more frequency ranges
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D37/00—Circular looms
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D51/00—Driving, starting, or stopping arrangements; Automatic stop motions
    • D03D51/18—Automatic stop motions
    • D03D51/20—Warp stop motions
    • D03D51/28—Warp stop motions electrical

Definitions

  • Our invention relates-to a device for reproducing soundy by means of a plurality of sound radiators.
  • the sound radiator or radiators used for reproducing the low tones i. e., low frequencies
  • the radiators used for reproducing the high tones, i. e., high frequencies were provided with smaller conical diaphragms having.l for instance, a radiatingsurface diameter of approximately 6 inches or less.
  • Our invention has for its object to improve the quality of sound reproduction beyond that ob- 5 tainable at present, and is basedV on a fundamentally diierent principle from that used up to the present time in reproducing sound by division into frequency regions and using corresponding sound radiators. l0
  • fundamental resonance is to be understood to mean the resonance determined by the mass of the diaphragm and its suspension.
  • the 45 frequencies lying Within the low-frequency region are reproduced without the aid of resonance, whereas the frequencies above the low frequency region are reproduced by the almost exclusive use of smoothed diaphragm resonances.
  • 50 such amethod of reproduction it is possible to obtain a quality which is considerably higher than that obtained by prior art devices or methods.
  • Such a loudspeaker could not be constructed so as to obtain the required rigidity of the diaphragm, because the diaphragm would have to be made so heavy and small that the efficiency would be reduced to a value which would make the speaker unsuited for practical purposes.
  • Figure l is a schematic rear view in perspective of a sound-reproducing device in accordance with the invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a graph for use .in explaining the operation of the device shown in Figure 1.
  • the sound-reproducing device shown in Figure l comprises a suitably-supported bafe 9 upon which are mounted, so as to freely radiate the sound forward, two groups C and D of sound radiators, for instance loudspeakers.
  • Group C which serves to reproduce the lower frequencies, is shown as consisting of eight loudspeakersm
  • group D which serves to reproduce the higher frequencies, is shown as consisting of a single loudspeaker I0.
  • Loudspeakers 8 and IU, and particularly loudspeakers 8 are of the electrodynamic type, as in this case the resonances can be fixed in a simple manner at the required frequency values.
  • Loudspeakers 8 have their voice-coils connected in parallel by conductors I and I6, which conductors are connected by conductors i9 and 20 respectively to the output side of a device II, whereas loudspeaker I0 is connected through conductors I1 and I8 to the output side of a second device I2.
  • the devices II and I2 have their connected in parallel by conductors 2
  • the device II Iinput sides consists of the usual amplifying equipmentvemles.
  • the device I2 consists of suitable amplifying and filtering equipment whereby only high frequencies. for instance frequencies above 300 cycles, are supplied through conductors I1 and I8 to speaker Ill.
  • the loudspeakers 8 are provided with conical diaphragms having a diameter of not more than 8 inche's, and preferably between 5"/8 inches and 6% inches. vWith a conical diaphragm of such size it is easy to insure that its first resonance lies at such a high frequency as to cause no deleterious effect upon reproduction in the low-frequency region; a first diaphragm resonance between about 200 and 500 cycles being readily obtained without difficulty. No ⁇ use is made of the remainling diaphragm resonances, as these are located out-side the corresponding low-frequency region. Furthermore, by selecting "a very resilient suspension for the diaphragm, andnwitheihe. aid
  • group C is shown as consisting of eight loudspeakers; however, the number used depends upon conditions..
  • the device according to the invention has the characteristic feature that the -requiredradiating surface area is distributed over a large number of smaller surfaces with the result that not only the quality of reproduction but also the sound intensity is increased.
  • the loudspeakers for reproducing the higher frequencies for instance the loudspeaker I0,
  • Such diaphragms may be readily suspended and manufactured so that thefunda'- Y Y Y' mental resonance and the 'rst diaphragm Vresonance are located below about 200 to 500 cycles', and thus fall outside of the high-frequency region.
  • the various other partial resonances which are present in large number, may be located above the range 200 to 500 cycles so that they substantially determine the frequency characteristic curve in the high-frequency region.
  • the physiological audible interval between the first and second diaphragm resonances may be so great as to produce an undesired dale in the frequency curve, it is preferable that not only the fundamental resonance, and the first diaphragm resonance but also the second diaphragmresonance lie below the lower limit of the high-frequency region. With this in view, it is advisable in most cases to locate the beginning of the second or high-frequency region at a frequency corresponding to the second diaphragm resonance, or even to one of the following resonances.
  • the loudspeaker I0 should be provided with a preferable conical diaphragm having a radiating surface diameter of about 9% inches, as by increasing the size of the radiating surface the diaphragm resonances are shifted towards the lower frequencies and out of the high-frequency range.
  • 2,100,112 teristic of the invention is, however, in reproducv ing the low frequencies with a plurality of suitably-selected small conical diaphragxns; the number of which is generally greater than the number of speakers used for -the high-frequency reproduction.
  • a single loudspeaker Il constructed on the above-mentioned lines and having a diameter of about 93/4l inches may be used for reproducing the frequencies above from 200 to 500 cycles, it is preferablein those cases in which it is desired to reproduce particularly high.v frequencies, for instance frequencies up to 10,000 cycles or more, to subdivide this second or highfrequency region into a third region, and to provide a separate speaker .for this'region.
  • a much smaller loudspeaker may be used A.for this purpose. In this manner a better reproduction is obtained without the entire installation'being madeappreciably more expensive.
  • Curve I is a reproduction curve of the sound radiatoror group of'h sound radiators, for in stance, the loudspeakers 8, to which are supplied the low frequencies falling within the-zone A. From this curve it is seen that the sound radiators employed for reproducing the lower frequencies have two outstanding resonances, n amely, a rst fundamental resonance, i. e., resonancel of the cone and suspension, lying at about 8 stantially rectilinear and horizontal cycles, as indicated at l; and a second resonance, i. e., first cone resonance, lying at about 500 cycles, as indicated at 2. As both these resonances lie outside the zone A they have no influence upon the reproduction of the frequencies within this zone.
  • a rst fundamental resonance i. e., resonancel of the cone and suspension
  • a second resonance i. e., first cone resonance
  • Curve II represents a reproduction curve of the sound radiator or group of sound radiators; for instance the loudspeaker I to which are supplied the frequencies lying within the zone B, i. e., frequencies above 300 cycles. From curve II it is seen that the first resonances 5, 6, and 'I are more pronounced than are the other resonances, and also that the resonances 5 and 6 lie entirely outside-of zone B, and hence have no influence upon the reproduction of the frequencies lying within this zone. Although the resonance. 1 lies. partly within the zone B, it-
  • curve II forms a concatenation of strongly smoothed resonance peaks, and for practical purposes this portion of the curve may 'be considered as being substantially rectilinear upto about 10,000 cycles, at which point it drops rapidly.
  • Thedot-dash curve III represents the total o resulting reproduction throughout the zones A andB, and itis seen that this curve has a subcourse throughout both zones.
  • a device for reproducing sound comprising means for dividing the frequencies to be repro-r prised into a low-frequency region having an upper limit between 200 to 500 cycles and a highfrequency region, a plurality of electro-dynamic loudspeakers for reproducing the frequenciesV lying Within the low-frequency region and having free radiating daphragms, said loudspeakers having their fundamental resonances below and their second resonancesA above said low-frequency region, and an electro-dynamic loudspeaker for reproducing the frequencies lying within the highfrequency region, said latter loudspeaker having its outstanding resonances below and other of its resonances Within said high frequency region.
  • a device for reproducing sound comprising means for dividing the frequencies to be reproduced into a low-frequency region having an upper limit between 200 to llcycles and a highfrequency region, a plurality of electro-dynamic loudspeakers for reproducing the frequencies lying within the low-frequency region and having free radiating diaphragms, said loudspeakers having their fundamental resonances below and their -second resonances above said low-frequency region, and an electro-dynamic loudspeaker for reproducing the frequencies lying within the high frequency region, said latter loudspeaker having its resonances other than the outstanding resonances within said high-frequency region.
  • a device for reproducing sound comprising means for dividing the frequencies to be reproduced into a low-frequency region having its upper limit at about 300A cycles and a high-frequency region, a. plurality. of electro-dynamic loudspeakers for reproducing the frequencies lying within the low-frequency region and each having a free radiating diaphragm of a ⁇ diameter less than 8 inches, and an electro-dynamic loudspeaker for reproducing the frequencies lying within the high-frequency region, said latter speaker having its fundamental and second resonance below the high-frequency region and other of its resonances within the high-frequency region, said second loudspeaker having a diaphragm of a diameter greater than 8 inches.
  • AA device for reproducing sound comprising means for dividing the frequencies to be reproduced into a low-frequency region having its upper limit at about 300 cycles and a high-frequency region, a plurality of electro-dynamic loudspeakers for reproducing the frequencies lying within the low-frequency region and each having a free radiating diaphragm of a diameter less than 8 inches, said loudspeakers having their fundamental resonances below about 20 cycles and their second resonances above 300 cycles, and an electro-dynamic loudspeaker for reproducing the frequencies lying within the highfrequency region and having a diaphragm of a diameter of at least 10 inches, said latter speaker having its fundamental and second resonance below 300 cycles and other of its resonances within the high-frequency region.
  • a device for reproducing sound comprising means for dividing the frequencies to be reproduced into a low-frequency region having its upper limit at about 200 cycles and a high-frequency region, a plurality of electro-dynamic oudspeakers for reproducing the frequencies lying Within the low-frequency region and each. having a free radiating diaphragm, said loud-speakers having their fundamental resonances below 20 cycles and their second resonances above 200 cycles, and an electro-dynamic loudspeaker for reproducing the frequencies ,lying within the high-frequency region, said latter loudspeaker having its fundamental and second resonance below 200 cycles and other of its resonances within the high-frequency region, the number of the low-frequency loudspeakers being from 6 to 8 times greater than the number of the high-frequency loudspeakers.
  • a device for reproducing sound comprising means for dividing the frequencies to be reproduced into a low-frequency region having an upper limit below 400 cycles and a high-frequency region, a plurality of electro-dynamic loudspeakers for reproducing the frequencies lying within the low-frequency region and having free radiating diaphragms, said loudspeakers having their fundamental resonances below and their second resonances above said low-frequency region, and an electro-dynamic loudspeaker for reproducing the frequencies lying within the high-frequency region, said latter loudspeaker having its outstanding resonances below and ,other of its resonances within said high frequency region.
  • a device for reproducing sound comprising means for dividing the frequencies to be reproduced into a lowfrequency region having an upper limit below 500 cycles and a high-frequency region, a plurality of electro-dynamic loudspeakers for reproducing the frequencies lying within the low-frequency region and having free radiating diaphragms, said loudspeakers having their fundamental resonances below and their second resonances above said low-frequency region; and an electro-dynamic loudspeaker for reproducing the frequencies lying within the highfrequency region, said latter loudspeaker having its outstanding resonances below and other of its resonances Within said high frequency region.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)
  • Stereophonic System (AREA)
US58430A 1935-01-17 1936-01-09 Device for reproducing sound Expired - Lifetime US2160112A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE445765X 1935-01-17

Publications (1)

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US2160112A true US2160112A (en) 1939-05-30

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ID=6537800

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US58430A Expired - Lifetime US2160112A (en) 1935-01-17 1936-01-09 Device for reproducing sound

Country Status (4)

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US (1) US2160112A (xx)
FR (1) FR800196A (xx)
GB (1) GB445765A (xx)
NL (1) NL76211C (xx)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2602860A (en) * 1947-11-18 1952-07-08 Doubt Leon Stewart Loud-speaker structure
US2632055A (en) * 1949-04-18 1953-03-17 John E Parker Loud speaker system
US2746559A (en) * 1954-06-01 1956-05-22 Ivan W Mastin Serving tray mounted loud-speakers
US3273662A (en) * 1966-09-20 Stereo sound system
US4657107A (en) * 1986-02-18 1987-04-14 Harwood Warren S Loudspeaker cabinet

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4199657A (en) * 1978-07-21 1980-04-22 Harvey Lane Planar sound reproducing speaker system

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3273662A (en) * 1966-09-20 Stereo sound system
US2602860A (en) * 1947-11-18 1952-07-08 Doubt Leon Stewart Loud-speaker structure
US2632055A (en) * 1949-04-18 1953-03-17 John E Parker Loud speaker system
US2746559A (en) * 1954-06-01 1956-05-22 Ivan W Mastin Serving tray mounted loud-speakers
US4657107A (en) * 1986-02-18 1987-04-14 Harwood Warren S Loudspeaker cabinet

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR800196A (fr) 1936-06-29
GB445765A (en) 1936-04-17
NL76211C (xx)

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