US215833A - Improvement in methods of producing autographic stencils - Google Patents

Description

S. S. NIC'KERSON. Methd for Producing Autographs-Stencil.

Nol/215.833. Patented May 27,1379.

WITNEE# IINIT w/ymm Jmwyfm ArnNr Orrrcn SAMUEL S. NIOKERSON, OF WEST DERBY, VERMONT.v

IMPROVEMENT IN METHODS OF-PRODUCING AUTOGRAPHIC STENCILS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent N0. 215,833, (lated May 27, 1879 application filed oetobees, 187e.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL STIeKNEY NICKERSON, of West Derby, in the county of `YOrlean's and State of Vermont, have invented scription of the invention, which will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to letters of reference marked thereon, which formv part of this specicat-ion.

My invention, which may be styled a multograph or a stu1ograph, relates to an im'- proved method of producing successively-large numbers of fac-simile inked representations or copies without the use of a pen, and by a mere mechanical as 'distinguished from a chemical action of the writing-instrument upon'va prepared paper, all as more particularly hereinafter set forth.

I make the prepared paper by taking any ordinary thin writing-paper, (though I deem paper made from linen the best for the purpose,) and coat it on one side with one or more coats of a varnish composed of ir-balsam cut with alcohol and reduced by spirits of turpcntine. Ilnd in practice that these should be of about equal parts. Other resins or varnishes may be used; also other substances that will render the paper impervious to the printingink used, but yet of such a nature as to be removed bythe action of a stylus or other pointed instrument, as hereinafter set forth. The application of the coating renders the prepared paper water-proof, and the paper is preferably saturated as well as coated or surfaced with the preparation or balsam.

If desired, the unvarnished side of the paper may be strengthened by a thin sizing of glue. or by other suitable sizing. After the coating is applied the paper must be. a llowed to thoroughly dry. This prepared paper is then placed on a sheet of soft paper, or other material which is slightly yielding or elastic,

, the unvarnished side or face of the paper being preferably uppermost, and then any appropriate pointed instrument or creaser, such as a stylus, is employed to make upon this upper side the marks or creases in the form of the required writing or delineation, as the case may be, such marks being preferably made of about equal depth or indentation, to make the best work, the degree of finish andaccuracy in thisl particular depending, as in all other artsmore or less on the practice and skill of the operator. This prepared paper, thus having marked upon it (but without as yet any ink orcoloring-matter whatever) the desired writing, delineation, sketch, 85e., of any kind, constitutes the main part or foundation of my invention, and such writing, delineation, Ste., is-now complete thereon, and of which any reasonable number up to several hundreds of successive impressions may be afterward made, in colored ink, upon ordinary sheets of writing or printing paper having a surface not too highly glazed, as will next be explained.

I next use a pad,which may be 'made of a Water-proof pasteboard, or of india-rubber or other yielding or elastic material, and cover it with a cloth-say, for instance, of pluslnvelvet, or similar material-and saturate this pad with a coloring-matter, which may be any aniline or other coloring' dye, ink, or material which is Asufficiently soluble to permeate that portion of the above-described prepared paper which shall have been previously mechanically traced or marked by the writing-tool or stylus, as before stated.

The effect of the varnish having been not only to render the varnished part water-proof, but also to render the paper somewhat brittle or crisp in its fiber or texture, theaction of the writing-instrument, as it presses upon the unvarnished side of the paper, is to somewhat disintegrate, break, or disturb its fiber, without removing or scratching away any of the body of the paper, and while thus acting mechanically upon the paper it also acts mechanil cally upon the varnish by delicately breaking it away at all the lines made by the tool.

I now with a brush or cloth apply the coloring-matter, and which may be of any desired or available color, to the written part of the unvarnished side of the prepared paper until--say in a minute-*this tracing or writing has absorbed or been filled up with such coloring. This paper stencil is then placed with its unvarnished side upon the saturated pad above mentioned, and any sheet of paper which is to be impressed is laid on top of the varnished side ot' such stencil and subjected to pressure in any convenient way-as, for instance, in a copying-press; The result is a colored fac-simile upon-the paper of the original colorless indented tracing, Writing, or other delineation.

The imprints or impressions may be repeated or multiplied by simply presenting fresh sheets of paper to be similarly pressed; and it is found in practice that many hundreds of impressions may be made Without even rei newing the ink or coloring-matter on the pad, the number being limited only by the supply of ink and the durability ot' the stencil-paper.

As hereinbef'ore intimated, the prepared paper may he written upon on either side; but the best results are attained by using the stylus upon the unvarnished side.

It- Will now be seen that, the materials being tirst prepared, production of the copies is a purely mechanical act; that uo chemical action is needed upon the prepared paper to remove any of' its coating; that no pen -is used; that no Writing-ink or chemical ink of any kind is conveyed to the paper from the stylus or marker, which, on the contrary, is not dipped in any liquid; that there is consequently no need of Waiting for the ink of a pen to dry upon a prepared paper; that there is no color imparted by the stylus or instrument, but that the coloring-matter comes from, and only from, the pad, or from the brush and the pad, to the prepared paper; that no acids or chemicals are used to remove any of the coating from the prepared paper; and that, in the act ot' Writin g with the creaser or stylus, the prepared paper does not impart any color or mark to another sheet, and therein diftering essentially from the Well-known manifold Writers, Wherein are used alternate layers of carbon paper and Writing-paper.

No special i'orm or construction of apparatus is necessary for practicing` my invention,

b. A metal clamp, c, is connected to one sideof this bed, so a's to fold down upon it and upon the edges of the prepared paper, and a yielding thick paper, d, is connected to another side of this bed b, these parts thus mak*- ing a folding portfolio. The paper stencil e, Fig. 2, being placed, as heretofore stated, up-

on the pad, the clam p can then be turned down upon it to retain it in position,then the sheet of paper to be impressed laid upon it, the folio d closed .upon this paper, and the requisite pressure applied to make the copy.

Having described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,

isi l. The described method of making a porouspaper stencil adapted for usevin producing facsimile copies ot' writings, 86e., the same consisting in tirst preparing a paper with the materials, substantially as described, in the manner set forth, and then with a dry tracer or stylus mechanically delineating thereon the desired Writing, 85e., to render the lines of the same receptive of the ink to be afterward applied, substantially as set forth.

2. The described method or process for the production of fac-simile copies, the same con.- sisting of mechanically marking, by pressure and Without ink, the rvWriting `or delineation desired upon 'a paper prepared with the materials substantially as described, and then, by pressure, causing an ink on coloring-matterfto be passed through such marked and permeable lines or parts and imprinted on a sheet of aper. Y

SAMUEL STICKNEY NICKERSON.

Witnesses:

F. E. GHOATE, ROBT. S. GARDINER.

fw A)

Images