US2156150A - Ladder and like webbing and method of producing the same - Google Patents

Description

April 25, 1939. G. F FRENCH 2,156,150

LADDER AND LIKE WEBBING AND METHOD OF PRODUCING THE SAME Filed March 9, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet l lm enlor By /3 4560mm April '25, 1939. 5 FRENCH I 2,156,150

LADDER AND LIKE WEBBING AND METHOD OF PRODUCING THE SAME Filed March 9, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 By his Attarng: j

, tions oi' about it" Patented Apr. 25, 1939 UNITED s'r Tesaim LADDER Limited,

of Great new Application March a, In Great BritainMaroh AND a, on ormoopoggornlfi ms. w s. 01.800

This invention refers to webbing composed of two band-like lengths oi at intervals by crosstapes. one example at such -webbing is that used. in Venetian blinds, and 5 another example is that called "pocket" tape, and 3:; inside helmets for. holding strips oi cork or In weaving the webbing it is usual to weave the outeriengms oi banding and the cross tapes as a simultaneous operation, portions of about /2" of each cross tape warps being interwoven with one of the bandings, and like portions of the'cross tapes being interwoven with the other banding. In. passing from one banding to the other, porof eachoithecross tape warp (without weft), as'also a threads are left tree portion of about 1%" cross tapes, which "floats one cross tape to gocross tape. Thatisto say. thei'reeioiningweft thread extendsi'rom the point where one cross tape begins to weave web to where the binding of the next cross tape leaves oi! its binding and commences weaving separately as a cross tape, ing weft thread is longer than threadstothe extent oitwo bindin length of the'loose warp threads.

Alter the desired length of webbinghas been woven. and removed from the loom,-the said free wei'tless Joining warp threads and the 1%" of free weft are cut away. that by cutting across them at one end. and then by "trimmingofl the cuts in all for each adiai'rom the rear end 0! that is to say, the join-v the warp joining in and the ends (known injthetrade as cutting and picking),

entails a considerable amount of labour in the finishing oi! prooeu the webbing. and, thereiore,a'dds considerably to the cost oi production. Moreover, there is a considerable waste of material. Again, the cutting and picking involves the risk of accidentally cutting other parts of the webbing (making what 'are called "nibs) and consequent repair by This invention has ladder webbing ina manner such that the length! ioining threads of the V or so that the end of one bindins -in is practically conti next, whilst the floatin Joining weitthread is en age in the binding in oithe tapes. and O6 to be completely absorbed'until it woven material joined of the weft oiveach of such the forward end of the next in with the outer banding sewing or for its object to weave the its function of weavin the next cross tape, the otherwise free weft thread starting and finishin its float" with the unbound weitless portion of the warp threads; In this way. only very short lengths of tree warps and weft will be left between the bindings in of the cross tapes and the outer bandings. and one out (instead or several cuts) will be suflicient to eflect the complete sev- 'erfinde 01' each oi" the free warp and weft connections between the outer bandin'gs. Moreover, the bindings in will he 0! \a longer length than a whole, will conesp'eoially in the webbinghasbeenwo'venina with a iacquardor dobby to conbanding webs, Such resting or floating of the has caused a considerto be unwoven at the from one outer banding webto Y the other, and thus leave the aforesaid objectionable lengths of weftless warp threads. Further. the tree tape weft has, for alike reason. extended from the commengementof one cross tape binding-in to the finish of the next binding-in on the surface of the banding web.

According to the invention, the weaving of the improved webbing is eilected in a multi-siot narrow'tape loom iitted with either a dobbyorlac-P quard. In the case of a dobby, such dobby is a given a positive lifting motion whereby the movements of the heaids are rendered positive and smoother, without causing bulging oi the of the banding webs, and without looping or purling of the weft, and. thereiore'. reducing to a minimum the lengths of unwoven warp threads between the bindings in of the cross tape threads and the outer banding webs, and further. enabling the heretofore floating welt oi the said cross tapestobewoven into thebanding websatthe same time, as'the interweaving of the strap, warp threads with the said banding webs- In the case 01 a Jacquard. the ratio of movement between the iacquard operating shalt; and the intermediate ieckor mechanismisadiusted heald-mting and slower return cross tape warps, however,

sothata selvedge motion is obtained. Further, the pattern cards are designed, during what is known as the "rest or "dwelP periods, to weave the hitherto fioating weft into the bindings-in.

By either of the before-named methods, the improved webbing is effectively and expeditiously produced with the lengths of unwoven warp threads between the cross tapes and webs reduced to such an extent that no trimming is required after once cutting through the threads, and the hitherto loose wefts between adjacent bindings-in are interwoven with the webbing. Another advantage is that each binding in of the cross tapes is longer than previously, thus making the webbing as a whole much stronger than heretofore.

The invention may be applied to webbing, the cross tapes of which consist of warp threads only, and also to webbing with pairs of cross tapes (woven or weftless) arranged side by side. It may also be applied to webbing having three rows of cross tapes, one row near to one edge, another row near to the other edge of the webbing, and a third row central tothe width of the webbing.

In the weaving of ladder or like webbing, the webbing passes through a device called a "stopper" which serves to support and guide the webbing as it passes forward to the breast beam and to its take-up and delivery rollers at the front of theloom and into the work box.

The known "stopper" consists of a stout metal rod, bent at right angles to its length at one end to form an open-ended'U-shaped loop, through which the webbing passes and at another part fixed to the breast beam of the loom. Such known stopper has several drawbacks, but mainly that it allows the webs to work out through the open side of the loop, thus causing bad weaving, as well as allowing the webs to project beyond the width of the slot in the loom batten, such drawbacks also causing long stoppages of the loom to correct the weave. A further drawback is that the loop part of the stopper does not hold the webs close together, especially at the time and point of the beat up, which results in slack weaving and, in the case of ladder and like webbing, results in the aforesaid excessive portions of the warp threads of the cross tapes being left unwoven, and necessitating the subsequent cutting away .or trimming by hand of the surplus warp threads when separating the outer bandings from each other. A further fault of the known f'stopper" is that it is only supported at one side, and its opposite side is free to move and get out of line with the loom batten. It is also incapable of yielding bodily if and when struck by the loom batten.

A further object of this invention is a construction of "stopper and stopper-supporting means by which the foregoing drawbacks, are eliminated.

In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 illustrates a portion of the improved ladder webbing as it appears when in use.

Fig. 2 illustrates an edge view, and I Fig. 3 a plan view (with the top banding removed) of a short length of the known webbing. prior to severing the relatively long unwoven warp threads between each binding in and the outer headings, and prior to severing the long unwoven weft threads between successive cross tapes.

Fig.4 illustrates an edge view of a short length of the improved webbing prior to severing the short unwoven warp threads between the bindings in and the short single weft thread. Suchview also illustrates how the binding: in are longer than theretoi'ore, and thereby strengthen the webbing.

Fig. 5 illustrates a plan of Fig. 4 with the top banding removed.

Fig. 6 illustrates a plan of the improved webbing (with the top banding removed) when made with unwoven cross tapes, 1. e., cross tapes composed only of warp threads.

Fig. 7 illustrates an edge view of the improved ladder webbing when provided with pairs of cross tapes for each blind lath.

Fig. 8 illustrates a like plan view of webbing having cross tapes along each edge and central to its width.

Fig. 9 illustrates a'plan view,

Fig. 9a. a cross section, and

Figs. 10 a. perspective view of one example of the improved web-supporting and guiding ,stopper.

Fig. 11 illustrates'in perspective a further example, and Fig. 12 a plan view of a modification of the stopper-supporting devices.

Referring to Fig. l, a, a are the two outer lengths of webbing, and b, b the series of cross tapes, these latter lying alternately alongside the opposite edges of the webbing.

As shown in Figs. 2 and 3, in the ordinary make of webbing relatively long lengths of unwoven warp threads 0 are left between the binding in b of the end of one cross tape to one length of webbing, and the binding in b of the end of the next cross tape to the other length of webbing along the same edge of the webbing. Also, a relatively long length of unwoven weft d extends from the start of one binding in to the finish of the next binding in. As aforesaid, the cutting away of such free warp and weft, first to separate the two webbings, and then to give a neat finish to the webbing, entails a considerable amount of time and labour.

In the improved webbing, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the unwoven portions 0 of the warp between each blnding in is comparatively short, and in fact, is so short that one cut is sufiicient, both for severing and trimming. Further, there is no free weft thread to sever, since the weft is woven into the bindings in. V

As showing the saving in the labour of finishing the improved webbing, it may be pointed out that with the old make of webbing having 24 cross tapes to the yard (12 on each side), and each cross tape requiring 4 cuts to separate the bandlngs and remove the ends of the free warp and weft threads, no less than 13,824 cuts will be necessary in a webbing 144 yards long, whereas with the improved webbing of the' same length and having the same number of cross tapes, the total number of cuts will only amount to 3,456.

As aforesaid, the invention may housed in the production of webbing having weftless cross tapes, see Fig. 6. each cross tape consisting of warp threads only, and the weft used for binding in passing into the outer banding after each binding in.

The-invention may also be applied in the production of webbln having pairs of cross tapes. see Fig. '1, near to e respective edges of the outer banding, and one slightly in advance of the other, so that whenthe webbing-is in use, a lath may be inserted between each pair of adjacent cross tapes. It may also be applied to webbing having a central row of cross tapes in addition to-the cross tapes near to the edges of the ,webbing, see Fig. 8. In all cases, the cross tapes may each be weftless, or otherwise.

Referring now to Figs. 9, 9a and 10, which show an example of the improved "stopper" and stopper-supporting means, the "stopper is com-,

posed of a metal or other hard block e of elongated and fiat formation and having an elongated slot e also having two socket holes e, by which the "stopper" is fitted on to and carried horizontaliy by two rods 1 F secured to and extending from the breast piece a of the loom.

The two websras they are woven, pass through the "stopper from the heald side, and thence over the breast piece to the take-up and delivery rollers and work box.

With the stopper fitted to and held by the rods F in a position such that its forward longitudinal side lies near to the tells of the webs and with the slot e comparatively narrow and its upper and lower sides fiat and parallel. it holds the two webs firmly and closely together during each beat-up of the weft, which results in tighter weaving.

To permit of the webs being removed from the stopper" without disturbing their connection with the take-up roller, sfiy when requiring to inspect the inside or underside of the webs. the upperthickness of the stopper may, as shown in Fig. 11, be formed with an opening e preferably diagonal. through which the webs may be withdrawn, and through which they may be passed back again into the stopper after inspection. Alternatively, the "stopper may be removed bodily from the rods 1 I" and slid along the webs. The opening e in the stopper also allows of the stopper being used to anchor the loose welt after reshuttling and the broken warp ends after being drawn in.

To aflord a yielding contact of the stopper" if and when struck by the loom batten, the rods I, P may be fitted with coiled springs, see Fig. 12, which yield on the "stopper being struck by the batten, but otherwise hold it in its normal forward position.

By reason of the slot 2 in the stopper" being closed at the ends next the sides of the stopper",

the webs cannot leave the stopper" sideways,

as in the known "stopper".

Lastly, it will be seen that by reason of the tighter weaving oi the webbing due to the altered heald motions. the increase in the length of each binding in, the reduction in length of the loose warps and weft between the bindi flrin, and the firmer hold on the webbing at the fells", a much firmer and stronger constructi of webbing is obtained. In addition to sum advantages, a great saving is effected in the subsequent finishing (cutting) operations.

By the term "stitching area as used in the claims, it is intended to include the area of interconnection or binding-in of a cross-tape and an outer band. The term cross straps" is intended to be synonymous with the term "cross ta and the term "main tapes" is synonymous with "outer bands". The term filling thread" is synonymous with the term "weft thread.

65 What I claim is:

70 then the other of said outer bands. the distance between the ending of the aforesaid weaving-in of said warp threads on the first band and the beginning of the weaving-in on the second hand being so short as to make said ending and said 75 beginning substantially contiguous.

2. Ladder webbing and the like comprising two outer bands and a series of cross-tapes woven into said bands, said cross-tapes including a plurality of warp threads woven alternately into one and then the other of said outer bands. the distance between the ending of the weaving-in on the first band and the beginning of the aforesaid weaving-in of said warp threads on the second hand being so short as to make said ending and said beginning substantially contiguous, said interconnection between said bands having been snipped through.

3. Ladder webbing and the like comprising two outer bands and a series of cross-tapes woven into said bands. said cross-tapes including a plurality of warp threads woven alternately into one and then the other of said outer bands, the distance between the ending of the aforesaid weaving-in of said warp threads on the first band and the beginning of the weaving-in on the second hand being so short as to make said ending and said beginning substantially contiguous, said interconnection between said bands having been snipped through, so that when the ladder webbing is collapsed said beginning and ending meet.

4. Ladder webbing and the like comprising two outer bands and a series of cross-tapes woven into said bands, said cross-tapes including a plurality of warp threads woven alternately into one and then the other of said outer bands, a weft thread woven into the warp to form woven crosstapes, the distance between the ending of the aforesaid weaving-in of said warp threads on the first band and the beginning of the weavingin on the second hand being so short as to make said ending and said beginning substantially contiguous.

5. Ladder webbing and the like comprising two outer bands and a series of cross-tapes woven into.

said bands, said cross-tapes including a plurality of warp threads woven alternately into one and then the other of said outer hands, a weft thread woven into the warp to form woven cross-tapes, the distance between the ending of the aforesaid weaving-in of said warp threads on the first band and the beginning of the weaving-in on the second band being so short as to make said endin and said beginning substantially contiguous, said weft thread being also woven into said outer bands with said warp threads.

v 6. The method of weaving ladder web for Venetian blinds having a pair of main tapes and interconnecting cross straps, which comprises interweaving the filling thread of a strap with the warp threads of said strap within a stitching area where said warp threads are interwoven with the filling thread of a main tape of the web.

"I. The method oi weaving ladder web for Venetian blinds having a pair of main tapes and interconnecting cross straps, which comprises interweaving the filling thread of a strap with the warp threads of said strap within a stitching area where said warp threads are interwoven with the filling thread of a main tape of the web; said interweaving of the strap filling thread being located close-by where the strap warp threads fioat between the main tapes.

8. The method of weaving ladder web for Venetian blinds having a pair of main tapes and interconnecting cross straps which comprises binding the filling thread of a strap to a main tape so that upon severing the floating warp threads of the strap the said filling thread will be-aimui severed leaving ends substantially the same length as the severed ends of the warp threads.

9. Ladder web for Venetian blinds comprising a pair 01' main tapes and interconnecting cross straps having a stitching area within which the filling thread of a strap is interwoven with the warp threads of a strap where such warp threads are also interwoven with the filling thread of a main tape.

10. Ladder web for Venetian blinds comprising main tapes and interconnecting cross straps having a stitching area within which the filling thread of a strap is interwoven with the warp threads of said strap where said warp threads are interwoven with the filling thread oi a main tape.

11. A method of forming ladder webbing and the like which comprises weaving two outer hands in substantially contiguous relation, providing at least one set oi additional warp threads which form cross-tapes, said warp threads passing through a heald, regulating the movements of said heald to cause said warp threads to be woven-in alternately into the first and then the second or said outer bands to form cross-tapes. said heald being quickly shifted at the end of one weaving-in so that the next weaving-in starts with practically no loss of time and leaves only an extremely short connection between said successive weavings-in.

iii. A method of forming ladder webbing and the like which comprises weaving two outer bands in substantially contiguous relation, providing at least one set of additional warp threads which form cross-tapes, an additional wei't thread for said cross-tapes, said warp threads passing through a heald, regulating the movements 01' said heald to cause said warp threads to be woven-in alternately into the first and then the second oi said outer bands to form cross-tapes. said heald being quickly shifted at the end 01' one weaving-in so that the next weaving-in starts with practically no loss or time and leaves only an extremely short connection between said successive weavings-in.

13. A method of forming ladder webbing and the like which comprises weaving two outer bands in substantially contiguous relation, providing at least one set of additional warp threads which form cross-tapes, an additional weft thread for said cross tapes, said warp threads passing through a heald, regulating the movements of said heald to cause said warp threads to be woven-in alternately into the first and then the second of said outer bands to form cross-tapes. said heald being quickly shifted at the endot one weaving-in so that the next weaving-in starts with practically no loss of time and leaves only an extremely short connection between succes sive weavlngs-in, and weaving said wett thread into the outer bands with said warp threads.

GEO. F. FRENCH.

D l S C L A l M E R 1 2,l56,l50.-Gwwe Frederick rm, Hulme Manchester, Eiigland. LADDER m5 mama AND Mar-non or nooucmo THE Sans. Patent dated April 25 1939. Disclaimer filed January 14, 1942, by the assignees, George French and Roger French. Hereby enter this disclaimer to claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 9, and 10 insaid specification.

[Oficial Gazette February 10, 1948.]

tially the same length as the severed ends of the warp threads.

9. Ladder web for Venetian blinds comprising a pair 01' main tapes and interconnecting cross straps having a stitching area within which the filling thread of a strap is interwoven with the warp threads of a strap where such warp threads are also interwoven with the filling thread of a main tape.

10. Ladder web for Venetian blinds comprising main tapes and interconnecting cross straps having a stitching area within which the filling thread of a strap is interwoven with the warp threads of said strap where said warp threads are interwoven with the filling thread oi a main tape.

11. A method of forming ladder webbing and the like which comprises weaving two outer hands in substantially contiguous relation, providing at least one set oi additional warp threads which form cross-tapes, said warp threads passing through a heald, regulating the movements of said heald to cause said warp threads to be woven-in alternately into the first and then the second or said outer bands to form cross-tapes. said heald being quickly shifted at the end of one weaving-in so that the next weaving-in starts with practically no loss of time and leaves only an extremely short connection between said successive weavings-in.

iii. A method of forming ladder webbing and the like which comprises weaving two outer bands in substantially contiguous relation, providing at least one set of additional warp threads which form cross-tapes, an additional wei't thread for said cross-tapes, said warp threads passing through a heald, regulating the movements 01' said heald to cause said warp threads to be woven-in alternately into the first and then the second oi said outer bands to form cross-tapes. said heald being quickly shifted at the end 01' one weaving-in so that the next weaving-in starts with practically no loss or time and leaves only an extremely short connection between said successive weavings-in.

13. A method of forming ladder webbing and the like which comprises weaving two outer bands in substantially contiguous relation, providing at least one set of additional warp threads which form cross-tapes, an additional weft thread for said cross tapes, said warp threads passing through a heald, regulating the movements of said heald to cause said warp threads to be woven-in alternately into the first and then the second of said outer bands to form cross-tapes. said heald being quickly shifted at the endot one weaving-in so that the next weaving-in starts with practically no loss of time and leaves only an extremely short connection between succes sive weavlngs-in, and weaving said wett thread into the outer bands with said warp threads.

GEO. F. FRENCH.

D l S C L A l M E R 1 2,l56,l50.-Gwwe Frederick rm, Hulme Manchester, Eiigland. LADDER m5 mama AND Mar-non or nooucmo THE Sans. Patent dated April 25 1939. Disclaimer filed January 14, 1942, by the assignees, George French and Roger French. Hereby enter this disclaimer to claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 9, and 10 insaid specification.

[Oficial Gazette February 10, 1948.]

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