US2155991A - Combined typewriting and comput - Google Patents

Description

April 25 1939, A. G. F. KUROWSKI COMBINED TYFEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Original Filed March 15, 19-33 '7 Sheets-Sheet l vu E N m U A April 25, 1.939.- A. G. F. KUROWSKI 155,991

COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Original Filed March 15, 1933 '7 Sheets-Sheet 2 April 25, 1939. A. G. F. KURQWSKI 2,155,991

COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Original Filed March 15, 1953 '7 Sheets-Sheet 3 April 25, 1939. A. G. F. KUROWSKI COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE 7 Shets-Sheet 4 o 0 iii. .1. iii Q A s .U ECEEEEC g S 5%. iHHM- Qw w Q w 7 9 4 m 4a m w 1 7 EX April 25, 1939. A. 5. F. KUROWSKI COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE '7 Sheets-Sheet 5 I 'NVENTOR April 25, 1939. A. cs. F. KUROWSKI COMBINED TYPEWRITING AND COMPUTING MACHINE I Original Filed March 15, 1933 '7 Sheets-Sheet 6 Q g I R| a I a g x a INVENTOR:

* I O E Q w 1 BY ATTO EY April 25, 1939. -A. e. F. kuRowskl 1 Q COMBINED TYPEWRITING'AND COMPUTING MACHINE Original Filed March 15, 1933 7 Sheets-Sheet 7 SPACE INVENTOR! WMWM I 7 BY Q i z E I E? ATTQR Y.

Patented Apr. 25, 1939 2,155,991

COMBINED TYPEWRITBQG AND COMPUT- ING MACHINE Alfred G. F. Kurowski, Brooklyn, N. Y., assignor to Underwood Elliott Fisher Company, New York, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware Continuation of application Serial No. 660,830,

March 15, 1933. This application filed January 8, 1937, Serial No. 119,672

30 Claims. (Cl. 23560) This invention relates to combined typewriting also provided whereby the typewriting-machine and computing machines, and particularly to carriage effects the operation of the selected total-printing mechanism which may be called solenoid at each denomination. into use to automatically operate numeral-'type- Asimplified contact block having only one set bar trains to print in denominational succession of conductors, one conductor for eachnumerall the figures of a total as represented in a set of ypeey Solenoid from t0 is arranged to denominational register-wheels. co-operate with a set of individually movable The present invention discloses improvements solenoid-selecting brushes, one brush for each over the application of R. von Reppert, Serial dial wheel. It is contrived to dispose the con- 10 No. 143,863, filed October 25, 1926 (now Patent tact. block and brushes apart from the dial- 10 No. 1,928,656, dated October 3, 1933). wheelsrso that sight reading of the figures on In the Underwood bookkeeping machine, to the latter is not obstructed. It is necessary to which the invention is herein illustratively ap be able to read the dials for transcription of a plied, the typing of an amount digit by digit on a ne at ve total as Will be P ed-- It s f her work-sheet carried by the typing-machine carcontrived therefore that the solenoid-selecting riage is accompanied by setting corresponding position of each brush is controlled by means digit-pins in a denominational series of rackof feelel' normally ed in retracted P bars, said carriage, in its letter-feeding steps tion and arranged to co-opera W a rad through a computing zone, operating denominap ed p e y by the l tion-selecting trains to advance the rack-bars d al-wheel itself, the feeler and graded Stop being 0 seriatim to pin-setting position. Each numeralarranged so as not to obstructsight re of type key, when operated to print a digit in. a the dial.

computing zone, thus sets a digit-pin in the rack- Upon operation of a total-key, the several bar corresponding to the denomination of the latched feelers are released to drop u their digit, respective stops and thus move to extents de- 25 Following such typing and setting-up of an p nd y r as n of th din of s d st ps. amount, the machine is cycled to advance the w on the digit-rep n Positions of the 'dialrack-bars and register-wheels driven thereby, wheels. The several brushes, controlled by the to extents corresponding to the values of the set feelers, wil q n y ake Cont ct with such pins. Co-operating to advance the register contact-block conductors as will indicate for 30 wheels are the usual carry-over. devices. operation the printing solenoids rr pond The accumulated total has heretofore been to the positions of the several dial-wheels. printed by manual operation of the typewriting- Each brush may be p o in addition to mechanism numeral-type keys according to the it brus C n wi h an extension, wh

figures displayed by the register-dial-wheels, and in any solenoid-selecting-brush position, is oppo- 35 the agreement of the printed total with that site a movable circuit-complet Contact m displayed by said wheels depended on accurate normally separated from said brush-extension. copying by the operator. In such total-typing The indication or selection, by means of said operation, corresponding digit-pins may be set contact block and co-operating brushes, of the preparatory to a subtractive operation which is printing Solenoids does not f itself e ergize the 40 for the purpose of clearing the dial-wheels dursolenoids, since it is desired that the latter be ing a machine cycle which may follow said typing operated one by one, in pr onal operation, it being understod that in the course order, as determined by the ed 0 de- 01 total-typing, the carriage may actuate the nomination-determining movements of the typeaforesaid denomination-selecting trains assowriting-machine carriage during automatic ciated with the rack-bars. total-printing. The several circuit-completing A machine of the above-described class is seen contact arms, there being one for each solenoidin Patent No. 1,280,065 to O. Minton. selecting brush, are actuated seriatim by means Poi-automatic total-printing, solenoids are of the aforesaid carriage-controlled denominapreferably employed for actuating the numeral tion-selecting-trains to make contact with the 50 s and space keys of the ty'pewriting mechanism. extensions of their respective brushes, and there- The present invention provides improved by complete, in denominational order, individual means whereby the reglster-dial-wheels control circuits for the selected solenoids so as to enerthe selection of the printing solenoids'according gize the latter one'by one.

to to the digits in the total. Improved means are Improved means are also provided whereby noid and permitsthe type-bar to rebound normally from the platen, and also permits selfrestoration of the parts whereby the solenoid actuates said type-bar train. 7

An operating train for the disabling switch is common to all the solenoids and includes a flyweight device. Said device has the function of storing energy at the beginning of a solenoid stroke so that said energy becomes available to assist'the solenoid in completing the throw of the switch. The fiy-weight device has an oscillatory movement and is thus effective to throw the switch back again to restore the circuit for operating a solenoid at the next. denomination. The fly-weight device being oscillatory, provision is. made for regulating it so that its vibration period harmonizes with the desired speed of typewriting machine operation. It is thus assured that the circuit will be disabled and restored in correlation to the desired speed of succession of printing strokes and accompanying carriage-feed movements.

Following the operation of the total-key and the resulting selection of the printingsolenoids as above described, the typing-machine carriage is in every case tabulated to'the highest denominational position in the computing or total-printing zone. The total to be printed, however, may

have a less number of denominational places than the denominational capacity of the set of dial-wheels, and, in such case, the fullcset of dial-wheels will indicate one or more zeros ahead of the first significant figure of the total. The printing of these latter zeros is not desired. Improved means are provided for operating a solenoid for the usual typewriting-machine spacekey, instead or the zero-key solenoid. This spacekey operation takes place at each dial-wheel which represents a zero ahead of said first signi ficant figure, and consequently the carriage is automatically spaced from the highest denomination-position to the position where the printing of the total begins.

The operating solenoidfor the -'usual spacekey of the typewriting machine and the printing by way of a current-path afforded by a two-way switch, which, before the total-key is operated,

will have beenthrown to cut out the zero-printing solenoid and cut in the space-key solenoid.

The space-key solenoid is operative by means of the aforesaid circuit-disabling switch to de-energize itself after operating the carriage-feed mechanismto stepthe carriageto the next lower.

denomination.

Should the'dial-wheel at said next lower denomination stand at zero, the space-solenoid will again be energized andthe c'arriage stepped to the next lower denominationfODertl-tion of carriage reaches the position of the first significant figure of the total as represented in the dial-wheels.

Since the space-key solenoid is at this stage operable by way of a brush at the zero-position, it will be seen that when the carriage arrives at the first significant figure-denomination, the contact brush for that denomination will not be at zero-position, but will be at the position corresponding to said first significant figure. Consequently the solenoid corresponding to the first significant figure, and not the space-solenoid, will be energized by way of the circuit-completing contact arm at that denomination.

Improved means are provided whereby any significant figure-solenoid is operative to throw the aforesaid two-way switch to cut out further operationof the space-key solenoid by way of a contact brush at the zero-position, and instead cut in the zero-printing solenoid. .Thus all zeros appearing after the first significant figure in the total will be printed.

At the cycling operation following the automatic operation of the type-keys, the two-way switch is automatically restored to cut in the space-key solenoid again, so that the latter becomes operative, if necessary, to step the carriage to the first significant figure-denomination without printing zeros at the beginning of automatic printing of the next total.

Improved means, independent of the two-way space-solenoid circuit completing contact arm may be additional to the aforesaid set of circuitcompleting arms provided for the other solenoids. I An important feature of improvement resides in arranging many of the parts of the totalprinting mechanism in a unitary assembly group, which may be disposed outside of the computing and typewriting mechanisms, and thus minimize complication of the latter. Said unitary assembly group is preferably disposed behind the machine and may include the solenoids, the contact block and co-operating solenoid-selecting brushes, and the set of carriage-controlled I circuit-completing contact arms. Said assembly group may also include the circuit-disabling switch, the switch for alternatively throwing in the space-solenoid or zero-solenoid and the operating trains for said switches. 'Said may thus include all current-carrying Darts, thus facilitating the insulation of said parts. Furthermore the arrangement of the parts in such unitary assembly conduces to economy in manufacture and maintenance, the parts being readily accessible for inspection, adjustment and repair. The solenoids may be disposed so that simple links serve to connect the several solenoid-plungers to corresponding type-actions.

The aforesaid 'feeler-controlled contact-block brushes are arranged at the free ends of individually swingablearms mounted on a common 7gthe space-key will thus be repeated until the Imcrum-shaft. Each brush-carryingarm pre- 1:

sents as the aforesaid extension an arcuate contact surface concentric with the arm-axis. The carriage-controlled circuit-completing contact arms and the arcuate contact surfaces are arranged so that contact may be made between any contact surface and its corresponding carriage-controlled arm when the brush is in solenoid-selecting position.

In the herein-illustrated machine, the totalizer-dial-wheels are at the front together with the aforesaid feelers engaging the described graded stops on said wheels. Each feeler may be at the end of one arm of a pivoted lever, and, from the end of another arm of said lever, there may extend, a link, connecting the feeler-lever to its corresponding contact-brush arm in the unitary assembly group. These links may be arranged to extend under the computing mechanism, so as to be generally clear thereof, and may be provided at their rear ends with racks meshing with pinion-sectors on: the contactbrush arms.

The contact-brush arms and the feeler-levers are normally in retracted positions. They may be held in such positions against the pull of individual springs which urge the trains, each comprising a feeler-lever, link and contact-brush arm, to operative positions. For releasably holding the feeler-trains, a latch, common to all the trains, is employed. A total-key at the front of the machine is operative to withdraw said latch when it is desired to print a total, the several feelers and contact brushes thereupon assuming positions corresponding to the positions of the dial-wheels, as above described.

Operation of the total-key also releases a subtraction-setting member. Subtraction is effected by the complementary method, in which operation of any numeral-type key sets a pin in the aforesaid dial-wheel rack-bar, whose value is the subtractive complement of the value of the numeral-key. Said member, released by operation of the total-key, conditions the pin-setting mechanism, so that such complementary setting of the pins is effected during the printing of the total and the total-wheels will be cleared in the following machine cycle. The subtraction-setting mechanism may be as set forth in the aforesaid Minton patent.

The set pins are engaged to advance the rackbars and dial-wheels during the forward stroke of a reciprocatory general operator of the cycling mechanism, and are restored by said general operator which .actuates the usual pin-restoring mechanism during its return stroke.

Since the dial-wheels are rotated during a machine cycle, following automatic total-printing, means are provided to first withdraw and relatch the described feelers from their solenoidselecting positions on the dials at the start of the cycle. In the described machine, the forward stroke of the general operator has at the beginning an idle period before any pin-bar is picked up. The general operator may thus, during said idle period, actuate mechanism for withdrawing the feeler-trains, the aforesaid latch being arranged to relatch the feeler-trains upon said withdrawal.

A further feature of the invention relates to automatic printing of sub-totals which are distinguished from the other totals, in that there is no clearing of the dial-wheels.

A sub-total-key mechanism is arranged to withdraw the aforesaid feeler-train latch, permitting the feelers to drop upon the graded stops of the dial-wheels for selection of the solenoids as above described. The carriage is, following operation of the sub-total key, tabulated to the highest denomination in the total-printing zone, whereupon the printing of the sub-total auto- 5 matically ensues by means of the selected solenoids energized one by one as described.

The sub-total-key mechanism includes means whereby its operation connects the pin-restoring mechanism to the general operator in such a M Way that the rack-bar pins, which may be set incidentally to the sub-total-printing operation of the numeral-key trains, are restored in the; described idle period at the start of the general-.[ operator cycle. The pins being thus restored, thei 15 general operator is unable to advance the dial-] wheel rack-bars, and consequently the dial-,: wheels will not be rotated, that is, they will not; be cleared, but will remain in the positions cor-i responding to the sub-total.

A further feature of the invention relates to the condition wherein the dial-wheels in some computations register a negative or minus total. In subtracting by the complementary method in debiting an account, a minus total, the result of over-subtraction (overdraft), is represented in the dial-wheels by the complement of said minus total. A characteristic of such complementary total is that those dial-wheels to the left of the first significant figure of the complementary total, register nines instead of zeros. That is to say, in the dial-wheel set of usual denominational capacity, the one of highest denomination will display a nine if the minus total has at least one less denomination-place than the denomina- 85 tional capacity of the set of dial-wheels. This condition is taken advantage of to lock the total 7 and sub-total keys against operation, in order to prevent automatic printing of the minus total in the complementary form displayed by the dial-wheels. To this end, the dial-wheel of highest denomination is provided with a tooth, which, in the nine-position of said highest wheel, is effective to lock the total-keys. Thus the operator, upon attempting to operate either total-key and finding it locked, will be apprised that the dial-wheels probably indicate a minus total. It will be evident that in cases of doubt, as to whether the total-keys are locked by reason of a minus total, or because the highest denomination-wheel stands at nine for a positive total, a brief consideration of the account will be determining.

The true number representing the minus total is the complement of that displayed by the dialwheels, and the operator may copy, by manual operation of the numeral-type keys, the complements of the significant figures displayed by the dial-wheels. It is thus an advantage that visibility of the dial-wheels is provided for as hereinbefore mentioned. In transcribing the true minus total from its complement as displayed by the dial-wheels, the pins in the rackbars are to be set for addition, so that in the following cycling operation, the wheels can be reset to zero.

This application is a continuation of, or substitute for, my application Serial No. 660,830, filed March 15, 1933.

Other features and advantages will hereinafter appear.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a perspective view showing details of solenoid-structure.

Figure 2 is a side sectional view of the Underwood bookkeeping machine, showing the application of the novel total-printing mechanism thereto.

Figure 3 is a perspective view of part of the computing mechanism showing the set of dialwheels, pin-bar mechanism, cycling mechanism, and subtraction-setting member, and also showing the related parts of the total-printing mechanism.

Figure 4 is a perspective view of part of the carriage-controlled train operative to actuate the circuit-completing arm for energizing the space-key solenoid for a punctuation-space.

Figure 5 is an enlarged perspective view of the aforesaid unitary assembly disposed behind the machine, and shows the operating connections extending from said assembly.

Figures 6 and 7 are side and front views respectively of one of the totalizer-dial wheels and its graded feeler-stop.

Figure 8 is a skeleton diagram of the machine, showing one of the solenoids as having driven its numeral-type train to print. The positions, under this condition, of the controlling and cooperating parts are also shown.

Figure 9 is a side view illustrating how pinrestoring mechanism is conditioned, by operation of the sub-total key, for operation which is to take place at the start of the machine cycle.

Figure 10 is an enlarged cross-section view through the contact block, showing details of structure.

Figure 11 is a top plan view of the contact block, showing the arrangement of sockets for leads to the conductors.

Figure 12 is a view similar to Figure 9, showing the pin-restoring mechanism operated to restore the pins at the start of the machine cycle.

Figure 13 is a view illustrating how the feelers and contact brushes are retracted and relatched at the start of the machine cycle which follows the printing of a sub-total, it being noted that such retraction is carried out in the same way following any automatic total-printing.

Figure 14 is a front view of the set of dialwheels and co-operating feeler-levers and latchbar for the latter, and shows particularly how the highest denominational dial-Wheel is operative to prevent release of said latch and hence lock the total-keys when the dials exhibit a minus total.

Figure 15 is a perspective view of the dials, feeler-levers and latch-bar showing the latchlocking train in its operated position, wherein it is effective to prevent operation of either of the illustrated total-keys,

Figure 16 is a diagram representing the cirwit-arrangement whereby the solenoids, contact-block conductors, brushes, and circuitcompleting carriage-controlled contact arms co operate. The mechanical elements controlling the circuits are also represented in said diagram.

A typewriting machine 20 surmounts a computing base 2| and has the usual row of numeral-keys 22, on key-levers 23, fulcrumed at 24. Manual operation of any key-lever 23 swings a bell-crank 25, fulcrumed at 26, to drive a numeral-type bar 28 toward a platen 29. Each type-bar 28 as it reaches the platen drives the usual universal bar 30 rearwardly to interpose a fixed dog 3| into the plane of an escapementwheel 32 and concomitantly release a stepping dog 3, which, upon rebound of the type-bar 28, returns to the plane of the escapement-wheel 32,

75 which has a pinion 35 meshing with a rack 36,

on a traveling carriage 31, supporting the platen 29. Oscillation of the dogs 3| and 33 about dog 33, which, upon rebound of the type-bar 28, letter-feeds the carriage 31 pulled by the usual spring-motor 38. Said carriage travels upon front and rear rails 40, 4|, on typewriter-frame 42. The several type-bars 28 normally bear against a rest 44.

A space-key is mounted upon arms 46, fastened to rock-shaft 41, operative, upon pressing said space-key, to swing arm 48, and thereby rock a. member 49 connected as seen in Figure 2 to actuate the universal bar 30, and operate the dogs 3| and 33 for a letter-feeding step or space.

The usual tabulating-key lever 5|, partly shown, is operative to release the carriage and concomitantly elevate the partly-shown tabulating stop 52 into the path of a counter-stop 53, settable along a rack 54, carried by the typewriter-carriage 31.

Each numeral-key lever 23, when operated, rocks a corresponding shaft 56 by means of a pendant 51. There is one of said shafts for each numeral-key lever 23, from one to nine, and, as described in the aforesaid Minton patent, each shaft when rocked is operative by means of an upper link 58 and other connections, not shown, to depress edgewise a bar 59. Each bar 59 when depressed may set a corresponding digit-pin 60 which is one of a row presented by a pin-bar 6| operative to drive a register-dial-wheel 62. The zero numeral-key lever does not set a digit-pin in the illustrated machine.

As seen in Figure 2, the pin-bars 6| are normally in such position that their pins 60 are somewhat behind and thus out of the path of the pinsetting bars 59. The pin-bars are advanced seriatim to pin-setting position in denominational order corresponding to the letter-feed or denomination-determining advance of the typewritingmachine carriage through a computing zone. The carriage 3! therefore has the usual tappet 64 arranged to engage seriatim a set of pivoted jacks 65, and thereby depress the usual thrust-rods 66 to operate levers 61, Figure 2. A set of transposing levers 69, similar to those seen in the Kupetz Patent No. 1,697,981 is interposed between the set of levers 61 and the pin-bars 6|, each transposing lever having one arm 19 engaged by a lever 61, and another arm 1| offset or transposed. as seen in Figure 3, to move the pin-bar 6| of the same denomination as said latter lever to pin-setting position. For each pin-bar there is the usual spring 68 for retracting the pin-bar from its pin-setting position.

Operation of the numeral-key levers 23 in a computing zone results, by the described usual means, in the setting of corresponding digit-pins in the set of pin-bars 6| preparatory to a cycling operation during which said pin-bars 6| are advanced by means of the set pins to rotate the dial-wheels 62. In said cycling operation, the usual cross-bar 12 makes a forward and return movement. By means of the depressed pins 68, the pin-bars 6| are picked up and advanced by the forward movement of said bar.

Each pin-bar has at its forward end the usual rack 14 meshing with a pinion 15, Figure 6, which, by means of the usual ratchet 16 and pawl 11, has a one-way connection to the dial-wheel 62, so that only the forward movement of the pin-bar 6| may rotate said dial-wheel. The cross-bar 12 in its return movement thus picks up and returns the pin-bars 6|, by means of shoulders 18 on the latter, without rotating the dial-wheels. The

cross-bar I2 is advanced and returned by means of the usual general operator which includes side racks 19 having arms 80, between which the cross-bar I2 is supported. Each rack 19 is connected by a pinion 9| to .a sector 82, the two sectors 82 being each fastened to a cross-shaft 83, journaled in the side members of the framework in which said racks I9 are guided. The usual power-driven reciprocatory arm 85 drives the general operator forward and back for a cycle. The power-drive is set forth in Thornton Patent No. 1,283,360. Said general operator may also be operated manually by a handle 86 connected to the cross-shaft 83.

The usual carry-over devices 81 of the kind shown in said Thornton patent are called into use during the return stroke of the general-operator train to advance the dial-wheels 62 an extra carrying step as may be determined by the forward movement of said wheels by the pinbars 6I.

Each dial-wheel has fastened to its side a detent-disk 89 having its edges notched as seen in Figure 2 for cooperation with individual springpressed detent-arms 90. The detent-notch corresponding to the zero-position of each dial-wheel is somewhat deeper than the notches corresponding to the other dial-wheel positions. A springpressed bar 9I presses against the detent-arms 90 as seen in Figure 2, and it will be seen that by the two possible positions of any detent-arm 90, said bar 9| will be in one position when all the dial-wheels stand at zero, and in another position when one or more dial-wheels are displaced from the zero-position. In the all zero or clear position, the bar 9| clears the usual star-key 92 to permit its operation for printing the usual clear signal by means not shown but described in Hoyt Patent No. 1,256,309. The position of any dialwheel 62 at any other than zero will block, by means of the bar 9 I, operation of the starkey 92.

As the general operator nears the end of its return movement, a pin-restoring plate 94 is raised by means of the usual linkage, which includes bell-cranks 95, links 96 and cross-shafts91, one of the cross-shafts being operative by the general operator near the end of the return stroke of the latter and carrying an arm not shown, to engage the under side, and thereby raise the pin-restoring plate 94.

The usual error-key train shown in Vickers Patent No. 1,455,280 is operative to restore the pins 60 manually. Said train includes an errorkey 99 operative to swing a lever I00, and thereby, through a link IOI, move a slidably-mounted bar I02 rearwardly against the tension of a restoring spring I03. The rearward movement of said bar may stretch a spring I04, attached to a lever I05, restrained by a spring-pressed latch I06, which abuts a pin I01 of said lever I05. Within the spring I04 is a rod I04, which together with said spring I04 forms a flexible coupling between the lever I05 and error-key bar I02. The ends of said rod I04 normally abut the lever I05 and a stud I02 of said bar I02, to which one end of said spring I04 is attached, see Figure 9. Said error-key bar I02 carries a pin I08 to displace said latch I06 as said bar I02 moves rearwardly to tension the spring I04, so that the lever I05 thus released to the tension of said spring I04 may start its swing with a snap to raise the restoring plate and restore whatever pins were set. Said lever I05 engages a pin I09 on one of the restoring plate bell-cranks 95, these bell-cranks being loose on their cross-shafts 91,

Upon release of the error-key 99, the parts are restored to their normal positions as seen in Figure 9.

The lever I05 and latch I06 are pivoted upon bracket II 0, Figure 2, which also slidably supports the rear end of the bar I 02. The forward end of said bar I02 has a slot I03 whereby it is slidably guided upon a pin I06 Figure 12, of the error-key lever I00.

The usual key-locking device, operative to prevent depression of more than one numeral-key lever at a. time, is also operative to lock the keys when the typewriting-machine carriage 31 is at a punctuation-space in a computing zone. Said mechanism is fully set forth in Gumprecht Patent No. 1,237,895 and includes, for each punctuation-space, a jack 65, additional to the set of denomination-jacks 65, and a thrust-rod 66. In the illustrated machine, there is provision for three punctuation-spaces, and, as seen in Figure 4, there are three thrust-rods 66. Each thrustrod 66 is connected to a lever III mounted on a fulcrum-rod I I2 with the levers 61 actuated by the set of denomination-thrust-rods 66. The three levers III, actuating the same mechanism, are joined by connections H3. From the thus joined levers III, there extends a link II4 to operate the usual shaft II5, which, when rocked, closes the usual set of tumblers II6 to lock the numeral-key levers 23.

The denomination-selecting tappet 64 is mounted as seen in Figure 2 to swing about rod II8 of the carriage, so that it may be disabled by being dropped out of the path of the jacks 65. When the carriage is in a computing zone, the tappet is upheld by means of the usual roll II9, mounted upon a rock-shaft I to swing rightward from the position seen in Figure 2.

The tappet-supporting roll H9 is SWllIlg to ineffective position immediately at the start of the forward movement of the general operator. One of the racks 19 of the latter displaces the usual lever I22, which, by means of link I23, bell-crank lever I24 and arm I25, fastened to rock-shaft I20, causes the latter to be rocked and the tappets 64 to be dropped at the beginning of the machine cycle. For displacing said lever I 22, said rack I9 has a cam-notch I26, in which a nose of said lever normally rests as seen in Figure 2, and into which the nose drops again at the end of the cycle for restoring the roll I I9 to normal position.

The novel automatic total-printing mechanism will now be described. a

At the front of the machine, a lever I is freely fulcrumed upon a rod I3I and projects outside of a casing I32 of the computing base to carry a total-key I33. Depression of said totalkey I33 rocks said lever I30 forcreleasing a set of normally retracted feelers I34 to drop upon graded stops I35 presented by the dial-wheel detent-disks 89. The particular stop I35, engaged by each feeler, being at a graded distance from the retracted position of the feeler, represents the digit-position of the dial-Wheel.

Each feeler I34 at the front of the machine, in dropping to its stop-position, moves a contact brush I31, which is located behind the machine. Each contact brush I31, which may be formed as seen in Figure 5, is mounted upon an arm I38, fulcrumed upon a rod I39, the arm I38 being provided with a pinion-sector I 40, and being insulated from the brush by an insulator I4I.

The several feelers I34 are at the ends of upstanding arms I42 of levers I43, pivoted upon a 9910mm. fulcrum-rod I44, and having each a downwardly-extending arm I45, pivotally con' nected at I46 to a link I41 extending rearwardly along the bottom of the machine, as seen in Figure 2, and having at its rear end a rack I 48 which meshes with the contact-arm pinion-sector I40. Each link is urged forwardly by an individual spring I50, but is normally held in the Figure 2 position, wherein the contact brushes I31 are retracted from a contact block I5I, by a latch-bar I53. Said latch-bar I53 is common to all the feeler-trains and is pivoted at I54 to swing its latching edge upwardly for releasing said trains to move individually to the positions determined by the feelers I34 and co-operating stops I35. This release is efiected by operation of the totalkey lever I30, which is connected by a link I56 to an arm I51, fastened to a stub-shaft I58, journaled in a hub I59 extending from a bracket I60. Said bracket I60 together with a. companion bracket I6I (Figure 3) forms a support for the total-key fulcrum-rod I3I. The latch-bar I53 is also pivoted between said brackets I 60, I6l, as seen in Figure 3, and is urged to swing downwardly, by a spring I63 reacting against an ear I64 of bracket I6I. The brackets I60, I6I are secured by screws I66 to cross-member I61 of the computing-base framework. Rising from said cross-member I61 are register-supporting plates I60, which may be arranged to support the feelerlever fulcrum-rod I44.

Upward swing of the arm I51 by operation of the total-key I33 causes the end of said arm to displace a cam-nose I 10 of a'by-pass-piece I II, pivoted at I13 to an ear I14 rising from the latchbar I53, the latter being thus lifted to release the feeler-trains. Said by-pass-piece I1I normally bears against a stop-pin I16 on the ear I14, under the pull of a spring I11, anchored to said ear.

The total-key lever I30 and connected parts reassume their normal positions under the pull of a spring I19, said normal positions being determined by abutment of the arm I51 with a pin I18 projecting from bracket I60, Figure 3. In the total-key stroke, the cam-nose I10 is passed over by the end of arm I51; so that the relatching of the latch-bar I53 is not dependent upon release of the total-key by the operators finger. The bypass-piece IN is idly swung about its pivot I13 by downward passage of the end of the arm I51 and restoration of the total-key is therefore not dependent upon said relatching.

The several contact brushes I31, when released to different positions along the contact block I 5|, as determined by co-operation of the feelers I 34, as released by the total-key cause the selection of corresponding solenoids I for the numeraltype-key trains and space-key train of the typewriting mechanism. One terminal of the winding of each numeral-printing solenoid from zero to nine has its counterpart in and is connected to a conductor I81 of the contact block I5I. The several contact-block conductors I81 extend crosswise of the mechanism, so that any one conductor I81 may be contacted by any brush I31. The contact block I5I and its conductors I81 have the arcuate arrangement corresponding to the circular sweep of the brushes as seen in the drawings. Upon operation of the total-key, the contact brush I31 related to each dial-wheel will make contact with the conductor I81 which represents the dial-wheel position.

In Figure 8, the illustrated dial-wheel is at the seven-position, and the feeler I34 for that dialwheel, resting against the stop I35 of corresponding gradation, will have caused the related brush I 31 to have moved to the conductor I81 representing the solenoid for the seven-type-key train. Other contact-brush positions corresponding to other dial-wheel positions are determined by corresponding depths of the graded stops I35. Thus, for the zero-position of the dial-wheel, the movement of the feeler I34 is the least, and, for the nine-position of the dial-wheel, the feeler movement is greatest. Since the slots which form the graded stops I35 as seen upon the detent-disks 89 also serve as detent notches for the cooperating detentlevers 90, it results that each feeler has an idle movement from its normal position before it comes within range of the graded stops I35. This idle movement arises from the necessity of retracting the feelers entirely clear of the detentdisks 89, so that ordinary rotation of the dialwheels is not obstructed. Furthermore, this idle or excess movement of the feelers permits the contact brushes I31, in their normal position, to be fully retracted from the contact block I5I. Movement of the contact brushes I31 into solenoid-selecting positions is not of itself effective to energize the solenoids, since it is desired that the latter be energized, one by one, for individual operation of the numeral-type-key trains. Following operation of the total-key, the typewriting-machine carriage 31, is by operation of the tabulating-key lever 5|, tabulated to the highest denomination in the computing or total-printing zone, and the solenoid selected for that denomination is caused to be energized, as will now be described.

Each contact brush I31 has an extension presenting an arcuate surface I92, which, in any effective brush-position, is opposite a contact arm I93. There is one of said arms I93 for every brush, that is, for every denomination, and the several contact arms I93 are individually swingable upon a common fulcrum-rod I94, and are normally in such position that they do not make contact with the arcuate contact surface I92. The carriage 31, as it reaches the highest denomination-position to which it is tabulated, as aforesaid, moves the first contact arm I93 against its contact surface I92, thereby energizing the solenoid which is to be operative at that denomination. The resulting operation of the typewriting mechanism causes said carriage 31 of the latter to escape to the next denomination to move the next contact arm I93 and concomitantly cause restoration of the first moved contact arm. The several contact arms I93 are thus brought against their contact surfaces I92 seriatim, and, for this purpose, the usual denomination-selecting trains associated with the pin-bars 6| and operable seriatim may be employed. To this end, the arms H of the several transposing levers 69 of said denomination-selecting trains are enabled to actuate the contact arms I93, each arm 1I being connected to a corresponding contact arm I93 by a link I96. Said link may be formed as seen in the drawings, and is pivotally connected at its rear end to the contact arm I93. At its forward end, each link I96 is perforated to slip over the transposing lever-arm 1I.

It is desired when a'total is printed, as a result of operation of the total-key I33, that the dialwheels 62 be cleared or restored to their zeropositions in a machine cycle which follows the printing operation. Operation of said total-key I33 therefore releases the usual subtraction-setS ting member I98, held in its normal position against the pull of a driving spring I99 by a latch 200, Figure 3.

The total-key-operated stub-shaft I58 has fastened thereto an arm I, connected by a link 202 to an arm 283, which is loose on a shaft 204, to which said subtraction-latch 208 is fastened, and which is urged to latching position by a spring I95. Said arm 203, engaging a pin 205 of said latch, is efiective to displace the latter upon operation of the total-key. The arm 203 is freely retained between the latch 200 and a collar 286 on the shaft 204. Upon release of the subtraction-setting member I98 by operation of the total-key, said member rocks the usual shaft 208, Figure 8, to shift the pin-setting rock-shafts 58 endwise, so that the latter, instead of actuating the pin-setting bars 59, of the additive value of the numeral-keys, will actuate the bars corresponding to the subtractive complements of said values. The endwise shifting of said rock-shafts 58 also renders effective at any numeral-key operation the usual bar 209 for restoring the ninepin whenever any other pin is set in the pin-bar 6|, it being understood that the setting of the machine for subtraction also causes through the rocking of shaft 208 and operation of the usual connections indicated at 2H1, Figure 8, the presetting of all the nine-pins. The operation of the subtraction-setting mechanism is fully set forth in the aforesaid Minton patent. Figure 8 shows the subtraction-setting member I98 as having been released by operation of the totalkey I33.

Each solenoid I85 has a movable plunger 2II working within a non-magnetic sleeve 2I2, Figure 1, of narrow rectangular section. Said sleeve has end flanges 2I3 and 2| 4 to form a bobbin, upon which is placed a solenoid-winding 2 I 5.

A C-shaped laminated iron frame 2I6 for the magnetic circuit encompasses the solenoidwinding 2I5 as seen in Figure 1, and its yokeportion reaches into the sleeve 2I2 to form a pole-face 2I1 opposite the inner end of the solenoid-plunger 2. The ends of said frame 2I6 may abut the top and bottom of the bobbinsleeve 2| 2, which may extend beyond the bobbin-flange 2I4. The inner laminations of said frame 2IG may be arranged to clear a non-magnetic link 2I8 extending through the yoke-portion, from the solenoid-plunger 2I I, for connection to the parts actuated by the plunger. The laminations of the frame 2I6 are clamped between outer plates 2I9 drawn together by screws 220. All the solenoids I85 are supported upon a plate 22I by means of flanges 222 formed on said clamp-plates 2|9, the solenoids being secured to the sup-porting plate 22I by screws 223. The supporting plate 22I has perforations 224, Figure 2, for clearing the solenoid-plungers and is supported and fastened by screws 225 between bracket- plates 226 and 221 formed as seen in Figures 2 and 5, for attachment to the rear edge of a platform 228 by screws 229, Figure 2. Said platform may be part of the usual stand on which rests the combined typewriting and computing machine.

The plungers 2H for the printing solenoids are each connected to the bell-crank of the corresponding numeral-printing type-action by a link 23!). The rear end of each link 230 is connected to the solenoid-plunger link 2I8, at 23I. The forward end of each link 230 has a slot 232 for articulation with a headed stud 233 presented by the type-action bell-crank 25. Each type-action is manually operable independently of the solenoid-train. The plunger 2H for the space-key solenoid operates through a link 234 having at its forward end a slot 235 for articulation with a headed stud 238 of an arm 231 fastened to the space-key rock-shaft 41. Where necessary, for clearing parts of the machine, the links 230 and 234 may have bends as at 238, 239, Figure 5.

The total which is to be automatically printed may have a less number of denominational places than the set of dial-wheels 62. In the diagram at Figure 16, the total 6 740 43 is displayed in a dial-wheel set having nine wheels, and the three dials ahead of the wheel showing the first significant figure of said total display zeros. Said diagram represents the set of contact-block conductors I81 and the positions of the brushes I31 as determined by said total represented in the full set of wheels 62. Thus the contact brushes I31, related to thefirst three dial-wheels at zeroposition. are shown in the diagram as making contact with the zero-conductor I81.

Each of the conductors I81 for the digits from one to nine has a direct connection 242 to one of the two terminals of a corresponding printing solenoid. The conductor I81 for zero has no such direct connection to the zero-printing solenoid, because it is desired that the latter shall be inoperative for each dial-wheel, ahead of the first significant figure, which registers a zero. In such case, instead of the zero-solenoid being operative, the space-key solenoid, represented in the Figure 16 diagram, is rendered operative. Following the printing of the first significant figure 6, the zero-solenoid, however, is to be operative, so that all zeros after the first significant figure of the total may be printed, and it will be seen therefore that operation of the space-solenoid by way of the zero-conductor I81 must be cut out at the printing of the first significant figure. A two-way tumbler-switch 243 is accordingly provided and is operative, when thrown one way, to bridge a pair of contacts 244 for cutting in the space-key solenoid and to bridge another pair of contacts 245, when thrown the other way, to cut in the zero-printing solenoid, the switch being arranged so that when one of these solenoids is cut in, the other one is cut out. As seen in the diagram at Figure 16, the zero-conductor I81 is connected to one of each of the pairs of contacts 244 and 245. The

other one of the pair of contacts 244 is connected 3 to the space-solenoid by a lead 246, and the other one of the pair of contacts 245 is connected to the zero-solenoid by a lead 241. The Figure 16 diagram also represents the set of circuit-completing contact arms I93, and also represents a work-sheet 236 on which the total is automatically printed. The denomination-selecting trains and the denomination selector or tappet 64 on the typewriter-carriage are also. represented in Figure 16, said trains being represented by their jacks 65 operative as hereinbefore described to actuate the circuit-completing contact arms I93 in the transposed denominational order represented in the diagram. The printing solenoids from zero to nine and the spacesolenoid have a common connection 249 (see Figure 16) to a contact 250 of a circuit-disabling-tumbier switch 25I whose function will be described presently. Another contact 252 of said switch 25I is connected to one side 253 of the currentsupply line represented by the plug 254. The switch ,25I is normally in such position that its contacts 258 and 252 are bridged. It will be seen now that when the typewriting-machine carriage 31 is tabulated to the highest denomination, the jack 65 at the extreme right of Figure 16 will be actuated, causing the circuit-completing contact arm I93 for that denomination to be closed upon the arcuate contact surface I92 presented by the brush I31, the latter engaging the zero-conductor I81, since the dial at that denomination stands at zero. The two way switch 243 will not be in the Figure 16 position, since Figure 16 shows a later stage of the total-printing operation which will presently become clear. Instead said two-way switch 243 will be in position to bridge the contacts 244, and consequently, instead of the zero-solenoid being operative, the space-key solenoid will be operative at the highest denomination. Thus, when the carriage arrives at said highest denomination, the space-key solenoid will be energized through the following circuit: Through one side 255 of the supply-line, the common fulcrumrod I94 for the contact arms I93, the highest denomination contact arm I93, brush-extension surface I82, the brush I31, the zero-conductor I81, the bridged contacts 244, the lead 246, the space-solenoid, the lead 249, and thence through the closed switch 25I to the other side 253 of the supply-line. The space-solenoid being thus energized at the highest denomination, its plunger will be actuated, and will, by means of the link 234 and arm 231, actuate the space-key rockshaft 41, to rock the escapement dogs 3I, 33 in rearward direction. Said escapement dogs having been thus rocked, the space-key solenoid is then de-energized to permit the return of the dogs and the space-key train for stepping the carriage 31 one letter-space. For so de-energizing the space-solenoid, the circuit-disabling switch 25I is operated to break the connection between the contacts 256 and 252.

Means whereby the switch 25I is opened by the space-key solenoid include a projection 251 on the space-solenoid link 234, so that said link by its forward movement from the Figure 2 position may operate a universal bar 258, mounted on a rock-shaft 259, said rock-shaft having an arm 260 connected by a link 26I to an operating lever 262 of the switch 25I. Said universal rock-shaft 259 may-be journaled in the bracket- plates 226, 221.

The disabling switch 25I may be any suitable type of snap switch. The one illustrated includes a bridging bar 264, Figure 5, movable along an insulated saddle 265 between positions for opening and bridging the contacts 250, 252. A pushrod 266 for said bar 264 has a pin-and-slot connection with the switch-lever 262, to form with the latter a toggle breakable to either side of dead 'center. A spring 261 surrounds the pushrod and is compressed between the end of said switch-lever 262 and a shoulder at the base of said push-rod.

With the disabling switch 25I in the Figure 5 position, the first part of the movement of its lever straightens the toggle and compresses the spring 261 without moving the bridging bar from the contacts 250, 252. It will be evident that further movement of the lever 262 will bring the toggle past its dead center. The force of the spring 261 will thereupon be directed to suddenly snap the bridging bar 264 away from the contacts 250, 252, and project it into the opposite corner of the saddle 265. By similar operation of the parts, the switch is closed again by swinging its lever 262 the opposite way. The movement of the switch-operating link 26I need only be is enough to move the switch-lever 262 until the spring 261 becomes eflectivato snap the bar 264 one way or the other, said spring thereupon operating to complete the movement of said switchlever 262. Said link 26I therefore has a pin and-slot connection 268 to the switch-lever, arranged to start said lever in either direction and permit the latter to complete its movement without further movement of the link.

The described switch 25I and its operating train from the universal bar 258 are arranged to break the space-solenoid circuit after the latter has been maintained long enough to have caused the carriage-escapement dogs 3I and 32 to have rocked rearwardly, to the Figure 8 position. The usual space-key-restoring spring 210, Figure 2, thereupon restores the space-key train, causing the dogs 3|, 33 to move forward again. By the described operation of said dogs by the space-solenoid, the carriage 31 takes the usual step to the next denomination or space.

For causing the disabling switch 25I to be closed again, so that it may function for the next denomination or space, the switch-operating rockshaft 259 has an arm 212 carrying a fly-weight 213, which is lifted when said shaft is rocked by the space-solenoid to open the switch 25I. The resulting described de-energization of the solenoid permits said weight to drop again, thereby swinging the rock-shaft 259 the opposite way to reclose said switch 25I in correlation to the arrival of the carriage at said next denomination or space. Said weight 213 has a speed-regulating function which will be described later.

According to the diagram at Figure 16, said next space at which the carriage arrives corresponds to a punctuation-space and requires operation of the space-solenoid again by way of a punctuation-space circuit, which may be called into use by means of the previously-described key-locking mechanism operated at each punctuation-space. To this end, there extends from one of the coupled levers II I, Figure 4, operable by any punctuation-space jack 65, a link 215 connected to a circuit-completing contact arm 216 mounted on the same fulcrum-rod I94 with theother contact arms I93. Said space-contact arm 216 is thus, by operation of any space-jack 65 swung rearwardly against a fixed contact bar 211 extending downwardly from the contact block I5I. The circuit for operating the space-solenoid for a punctuation-space is as follows: Supply line side 255 to fulcrum-rod I94, punctuation-contact arm 216, contact bar 211, thence by lead 218 to the space-solenoid, from which the circuit continues through the common solenoid-lead 249 and the closed switch 25I to the other side 253 of the supply line, The arm 216 is urged away from the contact bar 211 by means of a spring 219, Figure Thus, at the operation of the space-solenoid by means of the first punctuation-space jack 65 encountered by the carriage, the latter is stepped to the next denomination, which, in the Figure 16 diagram, is that for the second dial-wheel 62 from the left. Since the dial here stands at zero and the contacts 244 of the two-Way switch 243 are still bridged, the space-solenoid will again be operated to stepthe carriage to the third wheel denomination. Here the dial-wheel also displays zero, and therefore the space-solenoid is again operated, bringing the carriage now to the fourth dial-wheel denomination.

At the fourth denomination, the dial-wheel displays six, the first significant figure of the total. The contact brush I31 for said fourth dial-wheel therefore is in position against the contact-block conductor I81 for the solenoid operating the sixnumeral-key, the circuit being completed by the contact arm I93 at said fourth denomination resting against the contact surface I92 of the brush. The printing solenoid for six is therefore energized by the following circuit: Supply-line side 255, fulcrum-rod I94, contact arm I93, at the fourth denomination, conductor I81 for the sixsolenoid, thence by the connection 242 extending to said solenoid, from which the circuit is completed by way of the common solenoid-lead 249, closed switch 25I, and the other side 253 of the supply-line.

All zeros after the first significant figure are ,to be printed, and, therefore, at the printing of said first significant figure, the space-solenoid is disconnected from the zero-conductor I81, and the zero-solenoid, instead, is connected to said conductor. At the printing of the first significant figure, the two-way switch 243 is therefore thrown to the Figure 16 position, in which a circuit to the space-solenoid by way of the contacts 244 is broken and a circuit is established to the zerosolenoid by way of the contacts 245.

The first operation of any significant figuresolenoid from one to nine is effective to so throw said switch 243. An operating lever 280 of said switch 243 is connected to a universal bar 28I, mounted on a rock-shaft 282, journaled in the bracket- plates 226, 221. An arm 283 of said rockshaft 282 is connected by a link 284 to said operating lever 280. The switch 243 operates similarly to the described operation of the switch 25I in respect to the snapping of its bridging bar to either one of its two positions.

The link 230 for each printing solenoid, from one to nine, has a projection 286 engaging the universal bar 28I for operating the latter to throw the switch 243. Each projection 286 may be combined in one plate 281, with a projection 288 for operating the disabling switch universal bar 258. The plates 281 are adjustably secured to their links as indicated in Figure by screws 289.

At each operation of a printing solenoid from zero to nine, the disabling switch 25I is opened and reclosed by means of the universal bar 258 and fly-Weight 213 as described for operation of the space-solenoid. The link 230 from the zerosolenoid needs only a single projection 290, which is for operating the disabling switch universal bar 258, there being no need for the zero-solenoid operating the two-way switch 243, since the zero-solenoid is not for a significant figure. The projections 251 and 290 for the space and zero solenoid-links may also be formed on plates 29I adju tably secured by screws 292.

The two-way switch remains in the Figure 16 position while all the remaining figures of the total are completed, the printing of all figures, including zeros, after the first significant figure, and the interposition of punctuation-spaces wherever necessary, being effected one by one by means of the appropriate solenoids in a manner which will now be clear from the preceding description of operations.

The Figure-l6 diagram represents the sevensolenoid as being energized at the denomination which corresponds to the fifth dial-wheel from the left, said fifth wheel displaying seven. It will be understood that, in the course of automatic total-printing, the contact arms I93 are operated seriatim, as the carriage 31 moves through the total-printing zone, there being interposed in said seriatim operation an operation of the contact arm 215 to energize the space-solenoid at each punctuation-space.

the recurring impulses of the universal bar 258 i during the course of total-printing. Its natural 1 vibration period or beat therefore determines the 5 speed of consecutive solenoid-operations. For varying said period of vibration, and hence regu" lating the intervals between successive solenoid- 105 strokes, the fiy-weight 213 is mounted so that it may be set at different distances from the rocki shaft 259 on which it is mounted, the mass of said fiy-weight 213 being preferably a suitably l The arm 212 may accordingly be provided with a slot 294 through which pass I fixed factor.

screws 295 by which the fly-weight is secured to I said arm. The slot 294 permits adjustment of 9' the fly-weight 213 along the arm 212. For limiting the movements of the fiy-Weight 213, there may project from the bracket-plate 226 stop-pins 296 cooperating with the fiy-weight rock-shaft arm 260.

The fly-weight 213 functions to store switchoperating energy at the start of the solenoidstroke so that the solenoid is relieved in great part of the burden of opening the deenergizing switch I just at the moment when said solenoid is about to be de-energized. There is thus available such unimpeded momentum of the solenoid-operated type-train as is needed for smoothly completing the printing stroke and permitting normal rebound of the type-bar from the platen. The necessity for using burdensome restoring springs is avoided because the return beat of the fiy-weight co-operates to restore the parts after each power-stroke.

The fly-weight conduces to smooth succession of the automatic type-train and space-bar operations and the speed of succession may be regulated by shifting said fly-Weight 213 along the arm 212.

The upper dotted circle 213 Figure 8, represents the limit of upward movement in the natural beat of the fly-weight 213. It will be noted that the pin-and-slot connection 268 to the switch-lever 262 is arranged to permit the flyweight to freely reach the limit of its upward beat. The small dotted circle 258 adjacent the universal bar 258 represents the position of the latter when the solenoid is de-energized, and hence said small circle indicates that the completion of the printing stroke is made under the momentum of the parts of the solenoid-driven train.

The contact block I5I may be secured by screws 298 between upstanding plates 299 having forwardly-reaching arms 300 secured by screws I to a cross-member 302 of the machine-framework. The current-conducting fulcrum-rod I94 for the carriage-operated contact arms I93, 216 is supported by said plates 299 in insulating bushings 303. Said plates 299 also support a cross-bar 304 having upper slots 305 in which the rear or rack ends of the brush-arm links I41 are slidably seated. Said bar 304 may be of such height that its slots 305 also guide the contact-brush arms I38, the bar having a groove 306 through which passes the brush-arm fulcrum-rod I39. The links I96, 215 from the contact arms I93, 216 are laterally guided by lower slots 308 in said cross-bar 304 and are connected to said current-conducting contact arms by insulators 309. Said contact arms may have individual hubs 3) to space them apart and to make broad contact with the ful crum-rod I94. At their forward ends the contactarm links I95 slidably bear in slots 3| I, Figure 5, of an upward extension 3I2 of the usual spacing comb 3I3, in which play the co-operating levers 61 and arms 10 of the denomination-selecting trains for the pin-bars 6|.

At the escape of the typing-machine carriage 31 after the last figure of the total has been automatically printed, the counter-stop 53 on said carriage actuates the usual lever 3 I 6, Figure 2, effective through the usual connections, not shown herein but described in said Minton patent, to initiate a power-driven machine cycle. During said cycle the cross-bar 12 of the general operator advances, and in such advance the pins set during the total-printing operations are encountered, and the pin-bars are thereby driven to clear the dial-wheels 62, it being remembered that the pins 60 were set subtractively on account of the operation of the total-key I33 which preceded the described total-printing operations. The machine may also be manually cycled by means of the usual handle 86.

Before the general-operator cross-bar 12 encounters any of the set digit-pins 60, it moves idly. There is thus afforded time for first effecting withdrawal of the feelers I34 so that they may not interfere with rotation of the dial-wheels 62. The general-operator cross-shaft 83 has a pair of cams 3I1 for actuating a pair of levers 3I8, between which is supported a restoring plate 3I9, said levers 3I8 being pivoted at 320 upon brackets 32I extending from the register-side plates I68. The restoring plate 3I9 has downwardly-extending fingers 322 for engaging pins 324 upon the feeler-links I41. The restoring cams 3" are arranged to swing the plate 3I9 to the Figure 13 position before the dial-wheels are started upon their rotation. The feeler-links I41 are thereby drawn rearwardly, the feelers I34 and brushes I31 are retracted, and the latch-bar I53 is dropped into holding position. Rfererring to Figure 6, it may be noted that the pin-bars 6| may advance somewhat before the pawl 11, connected to the pinion 15, drives the ratchet 16, connected to the dial-wheel. The period for swinging the plate 3I9 at the start of the cycle may therefore be augmented by the period in which the pin-bar moves idly as just described.

The restoring cams 3I1 have, as seen in the drawings, a dwell to insure that the feelers I34 cannot drop toward the dial-wheels again while the latter are being rotated. The movement of the general-operator cross-shaft 83 is oscillatory, and thus by said dwell the restoring plate 3I9 is held in its Figure 13 position until its levers 3I8 drop off the restoring cam 3I1 at the end of the cycle. During the machine cycle, the subtraction-setting bar I98 is restored and re-engaged by its latch 200, and the pin-setting mechanism is consequently restored to its normal additive state as set forth in said Minton patent. When the restoring-plate levers 3I8 drop off their cams 3I1 at the end of the cycle, the feeler-links I41 settle against the latch-bar I53 under the pull of their springs I50 which may be attached to an anchorplate 326 secured to the cross-member 302 of the framework, Figure 5.

At the start of a machine cycle, the shaft I20 is rocked as already described for dropping and thereby disabling the denomination-selecting tappet 64. The rocking of said shaft I20 may be employed to reset the two-way switch 243 to bridge the contacts 244, thereby reconnecting the space-solenoid to, and disconnecting the zerosolenoid from, the zero-conductor I81. Thus, when a new total is to be printed, the space-solenoid will be operative to automatically step the carriage along to the denomination where the first significant figure appears in the dial-wheels. Said shaft I20 has fastened thereto a downwardly-extending arm 321 which may be connected by a link 328 to the arm 283 which, it will be remembered, was moved by the universal bar 28 I, at the printing of the first significant figure, to the Figure 8 position for throwing said switch 243 to cut in the zero-solenoid. The swing of said arm 321 at the start of the cycle to the dottedline position 321 of Figure 8 causes the switch 243 to be thrown back to the position, Figures 2 and 5, wherein the space-solenoid is cut in.

At the automatic printing of a sub-total, the dial-wheels 62 are not to be rotated to zero-position. The sub-total may be printed in a zone or column in which the denomination-selecting tappet 64 on the typing-machine carriage 31 is ordinarily effective to advance the pin bars to pin-setting positions, and consequently digitpins 60 corresponding to the automatically operated numeral key-levers 23 will be set during sub-total printing.

A sub-total-key mechanism is provided for initiating the automatic printing of a sub-total and automatically effecting elimination of any setting of the digit-pins 60, sothatthe dial-wheels 62 will not be rotated in the machine cycle which may ensue, as will be explained, upon the printing of the last digit of the sub-total. At the operation of said total-key mechanism, the described solenoid-selecting trains, including the feelers I34 and contact brushes I31, are released to co-operate with the dial-wheels 62 for selecting the solenoids corresponding to the figures of the sub-total. The typing-machine carriage 31 is then tabulated to the highest denomination by operating the tabulating-key lever 5I,whereupon the energization of the selected solenoids, one by one, proceeds as described.

The sub-total-key mechanism includes a subtotal key 330, Figure 3, mounted on a lever 33I, having a hub 332, whereby it is freely pivoted upon the fulcrum-rod I3I that serves the total key lever I30. A link 333 enables said lever 33! to lift an arm 334 for raising the latch-bar I53, and thereby release the described solenoid-selecting trains. Said arm 334 engages a by-passpiece 335 similar to the by-pass-piece I1I operated by the total-key I33, said by-pass-piece 335 being pivoted upon an ear 336 rising from the latch-bar I53 and normally drawn against a stoppin 331 by a spring 338.

For eliminating the setting of any digit-pins 60, operation of the sub-total-key mechanism may connect the usual mechanism, whereby the pin-restoring platform 94 is actuated, to the cycling mechanism in such a way that any set digit-pins 60 are caused to be restored at the start of a machine cycle before the general-operator cross-bar 12 has advanced far enough to rotate any dial-wheel 62.

Operation of the subtotal-key lever 33I therefore swings an arm 340 downwardly, said arm 340 being connected by a hub 34I to the latchlifting arm 334, and the resulting-lever being pivoted upon a stud 342, fastened in a hub 344 projecting from the bracket I 6| The am 340 in its downward swing engages a by-pass-piece 346, pivoted at 341 to a lever 348, pivoted, see

- Figure 2, upon the pin-restoring bar I02 whose rearward movement is effective, as previously deceo scribed, to raise the pin-restoring platform 94. Said lever 348 thus rocked has a hook 349 thereof swung upwardly Opposite a finger 350 of the restoring plate 3 I9, which, it will be remembered, is swung rearwardly by means of the cams 3I1 at the beginning of a machine cycle. For holding the lever 348 in its effective pin-restoring position of Figure 9, or in its retracted position of Figure 2, said lever has pivoted thereon a spring-pressed detent 352 co-operating with a detent-nose 353 formed as seen best in Figure 2 and fastened to the pin-restoring bar I02. The piece forming said detent-nose 353 may have a ledge 354 underlying'the rearwardly-extending arm of the lever 348, and thereby limiting downward movement of said arm.

Figure 12 shows the pin-restoring lever 348 on the bar I02 in effective position, and also shows how said bar I02 has been drawn rearwardly by the finger 350 to effect the raising of the pinrestoring platform 94, any set digit-pins 60 being thereby restored. It will be noted, in Figure 12, that the cams 3I1 have not fully moved the restoring plate 3 I 9, and that the pin-restoring bar I02 is therefore subject to further rearward movement, even though the pin-restoring platform has reached the limit of its upward movement. In such further rearward movement of the bar I02, the usual spring I04 willyield. it being remembered that said spring co-operates with the rod I04 therein to form a yieldable connection between the bar I02 and the pinrestoring lever I05, Figure 9.

Since the restoring plate 3I9 is mainta ned by the dwell of the cams 3 I 1 in its rearwardly-swung position almost to the end of the cycle, the pinrestoring platform 94 is therefore urged upwardly throughout the greater part of the cycle. Said platform 94, in order not to interfere with the forward movement of the general-operator cross-bar 12, has a cam-edge 358 co-operat ng with a cam-edge 359 of said cross-bar 12, enabling the latter to cam the platform 94 downwardly in its forward passage. During such downward camming of the platform 94, the spring I04 yields, the position of the parts at this stage being indicated in Figure 13, wherein it may also be noted how the solenoid-selecting trains have been retracted and how the latch-bar I53 isin position to hold said trains again.

At the end of the machine cycle. when the levers 3I8 for the restoring plate 3I9 drop off the cams 3I1, said plate 3I9 swings forwardly under the pull of a spring 36L The pin-restoring bar I02 is then free to resume its normal position under the pull of the spring I03. the pinrestoring platform and related parts being also restored to the Figure 2 position. It will be remembered that the lever 348, mounted on said bar I02, is yieldably held in its pin-restoring position by the described detent-devices. Said lever 348 is provided with an incline 363 on its rearwardly-extending arm, said incline encountering a pivoted by-pass cam-piece 364 when the bar I02 is drawn forwardly by its spring I03. By

such encounter of the incline 363 with the campiece 364, the lever 348 is forcibly restored to its The by-pass-piece 346 of the forwardlyextending arm of said lever is weighted below its pivot 341 to normally bear against a stop-pin 361, Figure 9, said by-pass-piece 346 serving to permit immediate free return swing of the arm 340 after the latter has swung downwardly to swing the lever 348 to effective position.

It may happen in certain computations wherein several amounts are debited against a balance standing in the dial-wheels 62 that said dialwheels eventually register a minus amount or overdraft as a result of repeated subtractions. Said subtractions being effected by the described complementary method, it results that the overdraft or minus quantity is represented in the dial-wheels by the complement of the true amount. It is evident that such complementary amount is not to be printed through the medium of the automatic total-printing mechanism, and the following means are provided to lock the total and sub-total key-mechanism against operation when the dial-wheels register an overdraft.

It is characteristic of a complementary minus amount, as registered by the dial-wheels, that all the wheels to the left of the first significant figure of said amount register nines. Each dial-wheel, except the wheel of highest denomination, needs the usual carryover tooth for co-operation with the carry-over devices 81. For the purpose of the invention, said wheel of highest denomination may be provided with a similar tooth 315, Figure 15, which, when said highest wheel is at the nineposition, actuates mechanism to lock the totalkey mechanism. Upon the top of the usual crossbar 316, in which the front ends of the usual pin-bars are guided, there is mounted a bracket having forwardly-extending, spaced ears 311, Figure 14. In said ears there is journaled a headed stud 318 riveted into an arm 319 having a camnose 380, Figure 15, lying in the path of the tooth 315 of the highest denomination-wheel. Said arm is yieldingly held in said path by a spring 38I carried by said stud 318 and reacting upon one of the ears 311. Upon the rod I44 which carries the feeler-levers I43, there is pivoted a lever 383, Figure 15, connected by a link 384 to the arm 319 whose cam-nose 380 lies in the path of the tooth 315. When the wheel of the highest denomination stands at nine, see Figure 15, its tooth 315 is opposite said oam-nose 380 and therefore displaces the arm 319 rearwardly, thereby causing the end of a downwardly extending arm 385 of said lever 383 to be in position to oppose upward displacement of the latch-bar I53. Operation of either the sub-total key 330 or the total-key I33 is thereby prevented and the operator is apprised when trying to operate said keys and finding them so looked that the dial-wheels probably register a minus total.

If the minus total or overdraft is to be printed, the operator copies, by manual operation of the numeral-type-keys, the complement of the total as displayed by the dial-wheels, this being the usual practice in printing a minus total. It will be noted that the mechanical reading devices associated with the dial-wheels for selecting the solenoids do not obstruct visibility of the dialwheel figuresat the usual sight-opening 386 in the computing-mechanism casing I32.

During the manual printing of the minus total, digit-pins are set additively in case it is' desired to 'clear the register to zero, the machine being cycled after printing the last figure of the subtotal. When the register is not to be cleared at the printing of a minus total, the error-key,

Figure 13, may be operated to cancel the setting of the digit-pins before the machine is cycled. When the wheel of the highest denomination stands at any other than the nine-position, the spring "I will maintain the parts in such posi tion that the lower arm 385 is in the dotted-line position 385 of Figure 15, which corresponds to the full-line position, Figure 3. Figure 3 shows the said parts which are subject to the tooth 315 in their normal positions. Thus, in the Figure 3 position, the latch-bar I53 is free of said arm 385 and the total-key mechanism is therefore operative.

The subtotal-key train is urged to normal position by spring 388, Figure 3, said normal position being determined by abutment of the arm 34!] of said train with the lower edge of the framework-cross-member I61, Figure 2.

As seen in Figure 10, each conductor I81 is fitted into a slot of the contact block I5I so that the conductors have the illustrated arcuate and radial arrangement in which their lower edges may be engaged by any one of the contact brushes I31. Said brushes I31, having the spring-like form as indicated, move with resilient pressure over the contact block I5I and its conductors I81. Said pressure may serve to brake the feeler-trains as they move against the stops I35. At each conductor I81 there is a hole 390 formed partly in the conductor and partly in the contact block. Each hole may be counterbored as at 39I to receive a socket 392 having a threaded stem 393 which is received in the hole 390, each conductor having threads at its hole-forming portion. Said socket 392, driven home by means of a screwdriver-slot 394, secures its conductor in the contact block and makes electrical contact with the latter. The contact bar 211 for the punctuationspace circuit is threaded at its upper end into a socket 395, both the latter and said bar 211 being imbedded in the contact block, from which said bar extends downwardly, as seen in Figure 10. Each of the sockets 392, 395 has at its upper end a hole for detachably receiving a terminalplug 396 attached to the leads 242, 218 and 368. The sockets 392, 395 may have the arrangement seen in Figure 11 and may be numbered according to the conductors to which they relate. There may be interposed in the supply-line a resistor 369, Figure 16, to limit the current supplied to the solenoids I85.

The operation of the machine will be readily understood from the foregoing description, and may be summarized as follows: At any stage in the computations for which the machine is used, the total, represented by the figures in the dialwheels, may, unless said figures represent a minus total, be automatically printed either as a subtotal or as a register-clearing total.

For register-clearing total-printing, the totalkey I33 is first pressed, thereby raising the latchbar I53 and releasing the solenoid-selecting trains so that the feelers I34 move against those stops I35 which happen to be opposite each individual feeler. The series of stops I35 for each dial-wheel form in effect a digit-evaluating curve or spiral, and each co-operating feeler will therefore, as determined by said curve, move a distance corresponding to the position of its dialwheel. The differential register-reading movements of the feelers I34 are translated into corresponding movements of the solenoid-selecting contact brushes I31 so that each brush engages the contact-block conductor I81 corresponding to the solenoid which represents the figure represented by the dial-wheel. Thus, as indicated in brushes I31 contact those conductors I81 which correspond to the dial-wheel positions shown in said Figure 16.

Operation of the total-key I33 also conditions the pin-setting mechanism for subtraction. Following operation of the total-key I33 and the resulting shift of the contact brushes I31 from their normally retracted positions, the carriage 31 is tabulated to the highest denomination, whereupon energization of the selected solenoids, one by one, commences as soon as the first contact arm I93, at the highest denomination, is closed upon its contact surface I92. After the printing of the last figure of the total, the machine is automatically cycled by means of the counter-stop 53 which reaches the cycle-initiating lever 3 I 6 as the carriage takes the usual letter-feeding step after the printing of said last figure. During the cycle the dial-wheels are rotated to zero-positions, by means of the digit-pins that were set subtractively during the automatic total-printing operation.

For automatically printing a sub-total the key 330 is depressed. Like the total-key I33, the subtotal key releases the feelers I34 so that the solenoids may be selected by means of the contact brushes I31 according to the figures in the subtotal as registered in the dial-wheels. The subtotal key 330 also connects the pin-restoring platform 94 to the general operator as described so that all digit-pins 60, set during the printing of the sub-total, will be restored at the beginning of the machine cycle which follows the sub-totalprinting operation, such restoration of the digitpins preventing rotation of the dial-wheels 82.

Should it be found when attempting to operate either total-key I33 or 330 that the same cannot be moved, it will signify that the dial-wheels probably register a minus total. It will be evident that brief consideration of the character of the computations will avail to instantly determine whether the total-keys are locked by reason of the dial-wheel registering a minus total.

Operation of the means whereby the total-keys are so locked has already been described. When the dial-wheels register a minus total, they display the complement of the true minus total. Thus, if the true minus total be 13 94 it would be displayed in the dial-wheels in its complementary form, namely, 9 999 986 06. The operator may, by manual operation of the numeralkeys 22, print the true minus total by copying the complement of the figures displayed by the dial-wheels. It will be evident that the clearing of the dial-wheels after printing a minus total will render the total-keys I33 and 330 operative again, it being understood that only when the highest-denomination dial-wheel stands at nine is the total-key-locking mechanism effective.

It will be noted that the solenoids I85, the switches 243, 25I and their operating trains, the contact block I5I and associate contact parts, and the carriage-operated contact arms I93, 216 are all grouped together at the rear of the machine. By such arrangement these parts are readily accessible, and grouped together as indicated they may be treated as a detachable unitary assembly.

Variations may be restored to within the scope of the invention, and portions of the improvements may be used without others.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. In a computing machine having a set of cam 6. In a computing machine having singly-op digit-types and a carriage, the combination of a set of denominational totalizer-wheels, a set of type-operating electromagnets, a total-key, mechanical reading devices, one for each wheel, effective upon operation of said total-key to move differential distances and thereby assume positions representative of the digits registered in said wheels, contact means co-operative with said reading devices to select the magnets according to said digits, and means controlled by said carriage to energize the selected magnets consecutively.

2. In a computing machine having a set of digit-types and a carriage, the combination of register-mechanism including a set of denominational digit-evaluating spirals, rotatable to differential angular positions to register a total, a set of individually movable feelers engaging said spirals, each feeler assuming a position depending on the position of its spiral, a set of type-operating electromagnets, contact devices shiftable by said feelers for selecting the magnets, and means controlled by said carriage to energize the selected magnets consecutively.

3. In a computing machine having digit-types, a carriage, and a set of denominational register-wheels, the combination of type-operating electromagnets, magnet-selecting circuits including a set of conductors individually connected to corresponding magnets, a set of denominational contact members, each shiftable differential distances to contact any one of said conductors, means whereby the digit-representing positions of the register-wheels are translated into corresponding shifts of said contact members, and carriage-controlled means whereby the selected magnets are energized consecutively.

4. In a computing machine having a set of digit-types and a carriage, the combination of denominational totalizer-wheels, a set of typeoperating electromagnets, a set of conductors individually connected to the magnets, a set of individually shiftable contacts, one for each Wheel, engageable with said conductors, a set of feelers co-operative with said wheels to assume differential positions corresponding to the digits registered in said wheels, said feelers being connected to position said contacts differentially to accord with said feeler-positions and thereby cause the contacts to engage the conductors for selecting the magnets corresponding to said digits, and carriage-controlled means to energizethe selected magnets consecutively, said feelers being in juxtaposition to said wheels, and said contacts and conductors being remote from said wheels.

5. In a computing machine having a set of digit-types and a carriage, the combination of denominational totalizer-wheels, a set of typeoperating electromagnets, a set of conductors individually connected to the magnets, a set of individually shiftable contacts, one for each wheel, engageable with said conductors, a set of feelers co-operative with said wheels to assume differential positions corresponding to the digits registered in said wheels, said feelers being connected to position said contacts differentially to accord with said feeler-positions and thereby cause the contacts to engage the conductors for selecting the magnets corresponding to said digits, carriage-controlled means to energize the selected magnets consecutively, and total keymechanism normally holding said feelers in retracted positions and operative to cause said feelers to assume said differential positions.

erable digit-types and a carriage, the combination with denominational totalizer-wheels, denominational drivers for said wheels, means whereby said drivers are indexed concomitantly with the operation of said types to print, and a general operator automatically cycled after the printing operations, to actuate said drivers, of a sub-total key, means whereby, at the operation of said key, said types are automatically operaLed under the control of said wheels and said carriage, to print the amount registered in said wheels, and means whereby operation of said sub-total key effects the disabling of said indexing means so that said wheels are not rotated during the general-operator cycle.

7. In a computing machine having singly-operable digit-types and a carriage, the combination with denominational totalizer-wheels, denominational drivers for said wheels, means whereby said drivers are indexed concomitantly with the operation of said types to print, and a general operator automatically cycled after the printing operations, to actuate said drivers, of a sub-total key, means whereby, at the operation of said key, said types are automatically operated under the control of said wheels and said carriage, to print the amount registered in said wheels, said general operator having an idle period at the start of its cycle before it can advance said drivers, and means, conditioned by operation of said sub-total key, whereby said general operator, during said period, eliminates an? indexing efiected in said drivers.

8. In a machine of the class described including singly-operated digit-types, a carriage, denominational totalizer-wheels and carriage operated denomination-selecting trains associated with said wheels; total-printing mechanism including a set of electromagnets, outside of the machine, individually connected to drive said types, shiftable magnet-selecting contacts and circuits therefor, digit-reading devices in juxtaposition with said wheels and connected to shift said contacts, and a series of contact members corresponding to and operable by said denomination-selecting trains to complete said circuits seriatim and energize the selected magnets consecutively, said contacts, circuits and contact members being also disposed outside of said machine and arranged to form, together with said magnets, a distinct unitary assembly mounted in juxtaposition to said machine.

9. In a computing machine having singly-operated digit-types and a carriage, the combination with denominational totalizer-wheels, drive racks for said wheels carrying digit-pins settable by operation of said types, and a general operator cycled subsequent to the printing operations, to engage the set pins and drive said racks, of a set of power-driven type-actuators, means whereby said type-actuators are selected according to the digits registered in said Wheels, means controlled by said carriage whereby the selected type-actuators are operated consecutively to drive the types, two keys individually operative to render said selecting means and carriage-controlled means eifective to automatically print the registered digits, and means whereby, consequent only to the operation of one of said keys and not to the operation of the other key, pins corresponding to the automatically printed digits are set so as to efiect actuation of said drive racks in a subsequent cycle of said general operator.

10. The combination with a set of singly-oper-

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