US2155970A - Roll crusher - Google Patents

Description

April 25, 1939 s.. D. HARTSHORN 2,155,970

ROLL CRUSHER Filed Aug. 31, 1934 s Sheets-Sheet 1 ATTORNEY- 9 April 1939- s.. D.- HARTSHO'RN 2,155,970

ROLL v(JRUSHER Fil ed Aug. :51, 1934 a Sheets-Sheet 2 I 62 ATTORNEY.

April 1939- s. D. HARTSHORN I 2,155,970

ROLL CRUSHER Filed Aug. 31, 1934 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 I ATTORNEY Patented Apr. 25, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ROLL CRUSHER Stanley D. Hartshorn,

Wayne, Pa., assignor to Application August 31,

1 Claim.

This invention relates to roll crushers, and particularly to such crushers for coal, ore and the like.

The object of the invention is to provide a crusher light in weight and simple and durable in structure combining a hopper and crusher construction receiving its support from above the crusher parts so that the entire crushing action takes place under suspension.

Another object of the invention is to provide a crusher suspension also acting to strengthen the crusher.

Further objects of the invention particularly in the formation of the parts from plate stock by bending and welding will appear'from the following specification taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a crusher illustrating one embodiment of the invention,

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view on line 2-2 of Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a detail,

Fig. 4 is a diagrammatic plan view illustrating the method of cutting the blank shown in Fig. 3,

Fig. 5 is a side view of a frame of a modified form of crusher providing an integral suspension,

Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional view of the crusher taken on line 6-6 of Fig. 5,

Figs. 6A and 6B are sectional views illustrating preferred forms of feeder plates for the crusher roll,

Fig. '7 is a sectional view of the crusher suspending means taken on line 'l! of Fig. 6,

Fig. 8 is an elevational end view of a modified form of crusher,

Fig. 9 is a plan view of the frame of the crusher shown in Fig. 8,

Fig. 10 is an elevational side view of the crusher shown in Fig. 8, and

Fig. 11 is a vertical sectional view of a modified detail of the suspending means.

In the crusher construction of this invention, the crusher proper, designated A, is supported from above by a suspending structure, designated B, acting also as a hopper. The machine is, therefore, below the level of the support and. the entire mechanism and the load of material being crushed is under suspension from side beams or the like. This dispenses with the necessity of supporting the mechanism from below and permits the apparatus to be hung from floor beams or other side members in most convenient relation to cooperating apparatus or wherever there is limited head room.

The suspended crusher apparatus of this inven- 1934, Serial No. 742,216

tion may have the suspending structure and hopper formed integral with the main crusher frame, as illustrated. for instance in Figs. 5 to 11, or separately attached to the main frame as illustrated in Figs. 1 to 4.

In the embodiment of the invention shown in Figs. 1 to 4, the crusher frame is built up of steel plates welded together to support and carry the crusher roll and driving mechanism and the breaker plate and its adjusting mechanism. These parts form the crushing mechanism proper, designated A, and are combined into a unitary structure with the suspending means and hopper, designated B, these portions being separable in the construction illustrated in Figs. 1 to 4.

In the crusher frame, the main longitudinal members or side plates [2 have upper flanges i3 and lower flanges l4, and are connected by cross piece I5 at one end and cross pieces I6 and ll at the other end. End piece l5 has the top and bottom flanges l8, l9 and is bent as shown (Fig. 1) to clear the drive shaft and is Welded to the side pieces l2 along the entire length of each edge. Cross piece I6 is bent to conform to the shape of the edge of the side plates l2 and at its inner end is carried down with a depending portion 2| having a flange 22 adjacent the upper end of the breaker plate 23 hung on shaft 24. The adjusting mechanism 25 for this breaker plate is located at the lower end of the frame in the corner provided by the cross piece I! of angle formation in section and, like pieces l5 and I6, welded at its end edges, to the inner surfaces of the side plates I 2.

The crusher roll 26 with teeth 21 is mounted on transverse shaft 28 near the center of the frame, gear 29 on said shaft being driven from pinion 30 on shaft 20 and driven in turn by the pulley wheel 3|. The shafts 20, 24 and 28 are mounted in bushing bearings 32, 33 and 34 respectively welded to the outside of the frame members l2 and the roll shaft bushings 34 have reinforcing side strips radiating above, below and laterally and welded in place on the bushings and along the outer surfaces of the side plates l2. Strips 35 extend upward and are welded to the flanges l3 of the side plates and aid in stiffening the frame and in carrying the weight and reactive forces of the crusher roll from an upper suspension in accordance with this invention. Strips 36 connect shaft bushings 32 and 34 laterally, and strips 31' tie the roll shaft bushings 34 to the bushings 38 for the breaker plate adjustment. Strips 39 extend vertically between bushings 32, 34 and lower flange M of the side plates.

A hopper lip or guide plate 40 is set between the side frames as shown extending downward at an angle from the flange I8 of the end plate I5 and terminating close to the apexes of the crushing roll teeth 21 at a point just above the horizontal center line of the roll, this construction providing a long entrance space for the material extending beyond the upper moving side of the crusher roll and allowing the material to come into immediate contact with the upcoming roll teeth so that the latter will sledge the blocks and larger pieces of material to sizes readily carried over by the roll into the tapered crushing zone against the breaker plate 23 for final reduction. In the crusher of this invention a large space is provided for the guide or feeder plate 40, which is lengthened to fill the space and perforated or barred as indicated at 40 (Fig. 2) to act as a screen so that a considerable volume of the slack coal already broken to the required size will pass through directly to the discharge opening at the bottom of the crusher between the diaphragm I5 and the back of the crushing roll 26. Bypassing this slack increases the crusher capacity and relieves the cushioning effect which the slack or the fine coal imparts to the material in the crushing zone between the lumps to be reduced by roll 26. While 40 is shown as a perforated plate, it may, of course, be replaced by a framework holding a series of screen bars appropriately spaced for by-passing the fine coal.

This feed plate 4!! is normally adjusted with a slight clearance between the end of the plate and the roll teeth 21', which permits quite a large volume of fine coal to screen down between the teeth of the roll, these pieces being too small to be carried over the roll. To adjust this effect, it is sometimes found advantageous to provide this plate in hinged form as shown at M in Figs. 6A and 6B pivoted at 42 at its upper end where it joins diaphragm I5 and permitting the lower lip of the plate to be moved away from the roll 26 by adjusting mechanism 43, Fig. 6A or 43, Fig. 6B. This adjustment increases or decreases the opening between the plate lip and the roll so as to control the size of the pieces of the coal to be by-passed through this space. Lining strips 44 may be provided on each side fastened in place to the inner surface of the side plates I2 and acting to take up the wear ofthe crushing action on the side walls.

The top portion of the crusher is provided with a suspending structure formed to carry the entire crusher apparatus and shaped to provide hopper means for guiding the material to the crushing roll. This suspension comprises a pair of side members of plate material cut and bent to a special shape and with the end plates 50 fitted and welded to connect the side members and complete the hopper structure. As shown in Fig; 4 the side members 45, 45 are cut from a single rectangular plate providing the flanges 46, the body portions 41 and the tongues 48, these parts being bent as shown in Fig. 3 to provide the intermediate portions 49 composed partly of the fiat undercut stock'and partly of the tongue roots. The ends of the tongues 48 in final position are contacting with and welded to the inner edge of the flange 46 and extend downward at right angles thereto, the intermediate portions 49 being horizontal and the inclined portions 41 forming the converging sides of the hopper, the ends of which are closed by the plates 50. The crusher proper and the crusher suspension are bolted together through the flanges I3 by bolts 5| and the side -65 and are preferably welded in place. inforcing side strips I51 extend downward from plates I2 and the intermediate portions 49 of the hopper side members.

The outward extending flanges 46 of the suspension structure overlie the supporting beams 52 and 53 and are bolted thereto as shown, the tongue portions 48 being also drawn laterally by bolts passing through set beams 52, 53. With this structure the full weight of the crusher is borne by the beams and the entire load is suspended downward from the beam supports. The weight of the crusher and. the downward crushing reaction is transmitted tothe flanges I3 and thence to the cooperating suspending hopper structure. As shown in Fig. 1 the middle tongues 48 provide vertical straps substantially in line with the reinforcing strips 35 extending down to the bearing bushings for the main roll shaft 28, these parts being placed directly in tension by the roll weight and its downward reaction. Similarly the end plate I5 is substantially in line with the weight and downward reaction of the drive shaft 20 and its parts and acts as a tension member between the side members I2. The end straps 48 at the right vertically support the end of the flange I3 of the side plates I2 in substantial alinement with the breaker plate shaft 24 so that all of the downward weights and crushing forces place the structural parts in direct line tension tending to minimize distortion and maintain the parts against torsional and bending vibrations.

In the modified crusher shown in Figs. 5, 6 and '7 the side frame members 62 are extended integrally to form the hopper inclines 41' and the suspending flanges 46, triangular web plates 53 being welded in place to fill in the spaces between the inclined hopper sides and the side surfaces of the beams 52, 53. Welded to the outer edges of the web plates 53- are the flange strips 64 having their upper ends welded underneath the roots of the flanges 46' and provided with bolt holes for bolting to the beams as shown. The cross piece I6 extends upward from the breaker plate 23 to the top flanges 46 on each side and is shaped to fit the flare of the hopper sides so as to be continuously welded to the inner sides of the frame member-62 along the full extent of the interfitting side edges. Thesidestrips 35 extending upward from the crusher roll shaft bushing 34 continue at their upper ends as the web plates 63 on each side. This-construction, therefore, in an integrally welded composite provides the complete suspension hopper and crusher with the suspending parts maintained under direct tension from the supporting flange 46 downto the shafts for the drive, the roll and the crusher plate.

In Figs. 8 to 11* the side frame members I2 are carried up integrally and flared out to form the hopper sides 13. Horizontal plates 65 on each side are welded to the side members 12 and triangular'webs B5 are welded in place between the flared flanges I3 and the horizontal plate 65. Special reinforcing strips 61 are welded in place to the bottom of the horizontal plate 65 and to the sides of the frame members 12 and the whole structure is suspended from the supporting beams 68 by bolting to the overhang of the horizontal side strips 65 as shown. Bolt bushings 69 are provided on the under surface of the side strips The rethe suspension means to adjacent the three shaft bearings so as-to carry the shafts and resultant loads in tension as previously explained in connection with the other modifications. As shown in Fig. 11 this suspension may be used in connection with solid beams as shown at 69 as well as the I-beam formation as shown in Fig. 8 and this construction permits the supporting beams to be of any shape or size and accurately positions the apparatus with relation to the under surface of the beam instead of the top surface.

The crusher of this invention is light in weight and strong in structure and the suspended construction renders the unit adaptable to a variety of situations, saving in space and permitting the crusher to be advantageously located with relation to the cooperating apparatus. The plate steel formation is specially adapted for tensional stresses and the reinforcement cooperates with the suspending means to carry the main loads in tension while at the same time acting to stiffen the entire frame against excessive flexing and fatigue. The long hopper space feeds material to the roll periphery throughout a large arc, over 45, of the upward travel of the crusher teeth so that blocks of this material are caught by the upward moving teeth and freely broken by sledgelike action before they are moved over to the narrowing crushing zone between the roll and the breaker plate.

I claim:

In a crusher construction a crushing unit comprising a frame having side plates and cross pieces connected thereto and a drive and a crusher roll having shafts ournaled in bushing hearings in said side plates, and a suspending system for supporting said unit from parallel beams above the level of the unit, said suspending system being outside of said unit and consisting of horizontal side strips extending outward on each side of the top of said unit and below the level of said beams, means above said unit for fastening said strips at their outer portions to said parallel beam supports, reinforcing side strips extending down from said horizontal side strips to said shaft bearings of said crusher roll on each outside surface of said frame and acting to directly transmit downward forces on said bearings to said horizontal side strips, and a hopper above said unit and rigid therewith and comprising inclined plates between said beam supports acting to guide material into said hopper in the space between said supports.

STANLEY D. HARTSHORN.

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