US2153181A - Ultra short wave circuit - Google Patents

Description

April 1939- E. GERHARD ET AL 2,153,181

ULTRA SHORT WAVE CIRCUIT Filed Jan. 12, 1938 I NV EN TORS ERNS 7' GERHA RD AND By WALDEMAR ILBERG ATTORNEY.

Patented Apr. 4, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ULTRA SHORT WAVE CIRCUIT Application January 12, 1938, Serial No. 184,543 In Germany January 13, 1937 8 Claims.

The present innovation is concerned with a receiving arrangement adapted to ultra short waves. In the reception of this kind of waves, especially when they are of the decimeter variety (for instance, by the aid of diodes, bolometers, or equivalent detector means), it has been discovered that the supply lead wires for the heating or filament potential and the plate potential often prove very disturbing, most particularly so when the receiver tube is associated directly with the antenna, say two dipoles.

It is known in the prior art that the workin potentials for the electrode of a tube which is directly united with the aerial may be supplied through the voltage node on the antenna. It is also known in the prior art to arrange ultra short wave antennae in front of a reflecting surface, and to secure the same thereon.

The present invention utilizes these successful steps disclosed in the earlier art, and the result is a receiving arrangement, the outstanding advantages of which consist in a convenient and novel combination in which, in fact, the leads brought to the electrodes serve simultaneously as supports for the antenna including the tube.

The new ultra short wave receiving organization, in which the operating potentials for the electrodes are brought in and are impressed through the potential node on the corresponding antenna, has this outstanding feature that the supply leads, or the shielding or screening means thereof, serve as supports or stays and as parts of the aerial by the aid of which the tube, including the other parts of the antenna, is secured upon a reflecting surface. Those parts of the supply leads or shielding means which serve as the antenna are placed equidistant and parallel in reference to the reflecting surface; they are rectilinearly extended and each thereof is tuned to /2x (working wave), with the result that the total length of the antenna equals the working wave. Upon the end of the reflective surface turned away from the tube, the supply leads are united with the source or sources of voltage supply. The reflecting surface consists of a planar or a curved metal sheet or lamination or a gauze or recticulated structure (net- Work).

If desired, the antenna and the supports may consist of two or more conductors being insulated from one another. For example, if a diode or equivalent tube is used in which the filament is U-shaped, then the two heating supply leads are brought out at close proximity and parallel to each other at the same end, and they are jointly changed at the same place (potential node) into a supporting member consisting of two galvanically separated parts. However, another scheme would be to build the antenna including supporting means of T-shaped metallic 5 rods; of these latter'the particular rod through which several potentials must be impressed may be split, with the constituents being separated from one another by interposed layers of insulation.

An extremely simple organization and structure is obtained if the aerial, including the supporting means thereof, consists, for instance, of T-shaped hollow bodies, and if these are united rigidly with the reflector both from a mechanical and conduction (galvanic) standpoint. The said hollow members would then constitute at the same time the shielding means for the supply leads supplying the working voltages and which are laid interiorly. Another expedient is to provide the said hollow members with shiftable or screwconnected extensions, with a view to facilitating the retuning of the antenna.

The present new receiving arrangement shall now be described in greater detail by reference to Figs. 1 to 4 of the appended drawing.

Fig. 1 shows an illustrative embodiment of a decimeter receiver, the latter consisting here of a bolometer. The heated wire of the bolometer l or rather an extension thereof, is directly connected with the receiver dipoles 2 and 3, the latter having each a length equal to AA. In the middle of each of the said dipoles, that is to say, at the point where a voltage node of the decimeter waves is set up, there are erected two metallic supports 4 and 5, the latter being secured on, while insulated from, the metal lamination 6. The length of the supports is preferably chosen equal to Ma. The said metal sheet or lamination 6 serves simultaneously as a reflector for the ultra short waves, and the same may consist either of a flat surface or of a hollow mirror (concave mirror). The voltage used to heat the conductor of the bolometer is fed from points 1 and 8.

Fig. 2 illustrates a similar arrangement comprising a diode. The dipole 9 and the support l0 through which the heating current flows is divided or split into two halves being insulated o from each other and placed parallel to each other, as illustrated in Fig. '3. The heating potential is impressed across terminals II and 12, the plate potential at point l3. One pole of the heating current supply line, say the negative pole, may be in conducting connection with the metal sheet 6.

Fig. 4 shows a further exemplified embodiment of the present invention in which the antenna and the supporting means thereof are tubular, with the supply leads for the working voltagesbeing laid interiorly thereof. These T-shaped pieces of tube serve simultaneously as casings and shields for the supply leads.

What is claimed is:

1. An ultra short Wave system comprising, in

combination, an electron discharge device containing an elecrode, a half wavelength dipole antenna coupled at one end to said electrode, a

connection from the voltage nodal point on said dipole to a source of potential, a reflecting surface, said connection passing through said reflecting surface and being insulated therefrom, and means surrounding said connection and 8X: tending from said dipole to said reflecting surface for supporting said dipole.

2.An'u1tra short wave system comprising, in combination, an-electron discharge device containing a pair of electrodes, connections from said 'pair of electrodes through different sides of the envelope of said device, each of said connections having coupled thereto an antenna having a voltage nodal point thereon at the operating frequency, a lead extending from the voltage nodal point on each antenna to a source of potential for supplying energy to the electrode associated with said antenna, a reflecting surface, said leads passing through said surface and being insulated therefrom,.and means surrounding said leads and extending from said antennae .to said surface for supporting said antennae.

3.. A system in accordance with claim 2, characterized in this that said device is a diode, and said antennae. are each one-half Wavelength long.

4. An ultra short wave system comprising, in combination, an electron discharge device containing an electrode, a half wavelength dipole antenna connected at one end to said electrode, a connection from the voltage nodal point on said dipole. to a sourceof potential, a reflecting surface, said connection passing through said re- 7 flecting surfaceand being insulated therefrom,

said connection constituting a support for said dipole.

5. An ultra short wave receiving system comprising, in combination, a detector device containing a filament, an antenna connected at one end to said filament, said antenna having a voltage nodal point at the operating frequency, a connection from said voltage nodal point to a source of energy, a reflecting surface, said connection passing through said surface and being insulated therefrom, said connection constituting the support for said dipole.

6. A system in accordance with claim 5, characterized in this that said detector device is a diode, said reflecting surface being planar in form, and the distance between said surface and said antenna is substantially one-quarter the length of the operating wave.

7. An ultra short wave receiving system comprising, in combination, an indicating device containing a filament, an antenna coupled at one end to said filament, said antenna having a voltage nodal point at the operating frequency, a connection from said voltage nodal point to a source of energy, a reflecting surface, said connection passing through said surface and being insulated therefrom, and means surrounding said connection and extending from said antenna to said surface for supporting said antenna.

8. An ultra short wave receiving system comprising, in combination, a diode, connections from the filament and anode of said diode extending through opposite sides of said diode, a

half wavelength dipole antenna coupled at one ERNST GERHARD. WALDEMAR ILBERG.

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