US2152006A - Method of producing articles of hadfield manganese steel - Google Patents
Method of producing articles of hadfield manganese steel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2152006A US2152006A US134189A US13418937A US2152006A US 2152006 A US2152006 A US 2152006A US 134189 A US134189 A US 134189A US 13418937 A US13418937 A US 13418937A US 2152006 A US2152006 A US 2152006A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- manganese
- manganese steel
- article
- iron
- steel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
- C22C33/0278—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements with at least one alloying element having a minimum content above 5%
Definitions
- This invention relates to the production of then charged into a suitable mold or die and shaped articles of Hadfleld manganese'steel, and subjected to a pressure of the order of 2000 consists of a method of procedure whereby artipounds to the square inch and upward. Under cles of this material may be prepared most eco- Such pressure the body becomes coherent.
- Hadfield manganese steel is a steel having a the mold; it is then packed in finely divided manganese content that. ranges from '7 to 20 per alundum or equivalent refractory material, withcent. and a carbon content of 0.47-2%, and typiin a suitable tube or boat of carbon or other recally has a non-ferrous composition of combined fractory; and, so packed, it is brought within a 0 carbon, 1.15%; silicon, 0.551%; manganese, furnace whose atmosphere is an atmosphere of 13.733%; sulphur, 0.043%; phosphorus, 0.091%.
- the shaped article is packed so manganese steel may be cheaply produced. again as before in a tube or boat, placed again According to preferred procedure, a quantity in a reducing furnace, and heated, this time to of iron powder is prepared, and a quantity of the higher temperature of 2250-2650 F., short of manganese powder or of ferro-manganese powthe m n -p in 0f irOn- At uch higher e der, and these two powders are combined in such perature the component metals combine to form 5 ratio as to afford the desired ratio of iron to the intended alloy.
- Th Shape manganese in the finished product (typically tinues.
- the article is removed 87:13).
- the iron that is reduced to powder will prefis that which I have found to be practical in the erably be, relatively speaking, carbon free, and production of such an article as a bit for drilling the carbon content of the manganese or ferrowe ls. for example.
- manganese will be properly limited. While pref- Instead of beginning with the iron and the 45 erably the iron powder will be substantially free manganese in metallic state, I contemplate also of carbon it is permissible to employ a powder the preparation of a pulverized mixture of the having an appreciable carbon content; but in oxides of these metals. together with carbon in such case the carbon content of the manganese properly measured quantity; heating the pre- (or term-manganese) powder will be such as to pared mixture to substantially 1800" R, where- 50 afford in the ultimate product no more than the upon theoxldes willbe reduced; and then prodesired carbon content.
- I mean to include within the meaning of the terms iron-containing powder and manganese-containing powder powders of substantially pure iron and of substantially pure manganese, as well as powders of iron oxide, of manganese oxide, and of term-manganese; and I mean to include within the meaning of the term manganese powder powders both of substantially pure manganese and of ferro-manganese.
Description
Ergo sraras or ies METHOD OF PRODUCING ARTICLES OF HADFIELD MANGANESE STEEL Elmer B. Welch, McKeesport, Pa... assignor to Firth-Sterling Steel Company, McKeespoi-t, Pa, a corporation of Pennsylvania No Drawing. Application March 31, 1937,
. Serial No. 134,189
3 Glaims. (Cl. 75-22) This invention relates to the production of then charged into a suitable mold or die and shaped articles of Hadfleld manganese'steel, and subjected to a pressure of the order of 2000 consists of a method of procedure whereby artipounds to the square inch and upward. Under cles of this material may be prepared most eco- Such pressure the body becomes coherent. The
5 nomically. shaped and coherent body is then removed from 5 Hadfield manganese steel is a steel having a the mold; it is then packed in finely divided manganese content that. ranges from '7 to 20 per alundum or equivalent refractory material, withcent. and a carbon content of 0.47-2%, and typiin a suitable tube or boat of carbon or other recally has a non-ferrous composition of combined fractory; and, so packed, it is brought within a 0 carbon, 1.15%; silicon, 0.551%; manganese, furnace whose atmosphere is an atmosphere of 13.733%; sulphur, 0.043%; phosphorus, 0.091%. hydrogen or other reducing gas to a tempera- (See Harbord 8: Hall, Metallurgy of Steel, 4 ed. ture of 1500-2000 F. Under such conditions a London, 1911, pp. 392-394.) This, as the authors coalescence or sintering of the compacted macited say, was, when Hadfield first produced it terial occurs. Alloying, however, does not occur.
"for all practical purposes, a new metal. It '-When by such procedure the-substance of the Hit possesses very peculiar hardness both in the shaped and coherent but granular article has cast and forged state, and it is scarcely possible been caused to coalesce, the article is taken from to machine it. Because of its relatively great the furnace, allowed to cool. and is then removed hardness, fabrication of particular articles is diffrom its packing.
o flcult, and on that account its use for certain The article is now in the form of a block or all articles, for which otherwise it is well suited, has brick, and has acquired the condition of integrity,
been practically inhibited. An instance is found as distingu s ed from granular condition All inthe case of a bit for the drilling of wells. Hadalloying of thecomponent metals has not, howfield manganese steel has properties such that a ever, yet occurred. In such condition of integrity bit formed of it must manifestly be peculiarly the article may readily be machined. and it is 25 serviceable; but the cost of fabrication has been then by appropriate tools brought to the desired suchas to diminish, if not completely to destroy, ultimate shape. It may at this time and in such its availability here. In the practice of this incondition be otherwise shaped, as by forging, vention shaped articles (of which abit for drillrolling, or die-pressing. In whatever way the ing wells may be taken as typical) of Hadfleld shaping be done, the shaped article is packed so manganese steel may be cheaply produced. again as before in a tube or boat, placed again According to preferred procedure, a quantity in a reducing furnace, and heated, this time to of iron powder is prepared, and a quantity of the higher temperature of 2250-2650 F., short of manganese powder or of ferro-manganese powthe m n -p in 0f irOn- At uch higher e der, and these two powders are combined in such perature the component metals combine to form 5 ratio as to afford the desired ratio of iron to the intended alloy. Th Shape, however, manganese in the finished product (typically tinues. When thereafter the article is removed 87:13). Care is taken that the carbon content from the furnace. cooled, and taken from its of the combined powder shall be within the typipackin it will be found to be the desired article- 40 cal range (and this, for the iron-manganese ratio the shaped article of Hadfleld manganese steel. 40 just given, will not greatly exceed 1%) To such The detailed procedure that has been described end, the iron that is reduced to powder will prefis that which I have found to be practical in the erably be, relatively speaking, carbon free, and production of such an article as a bit for drilling the carbon content of the manganese or ferrowe ls. for example.
manganese will be properly limited. While pref- Instead of beginning with the iron and the 45 erably the iron powder will be substantially free manganese in metallic state, I contemplate also of carbon it is permissible to employ a powder the preparation of a pulverized mixture of the having an appreciable carbon content; but in oxides of these metals. together with carbon in such case the carbon content of the manganese properly measured quantity; heating the pre- (or term-manganese) powder will be such as to pared mixture to substantially 1800" R, where- 50 afford in the ultimate product no more than the upon theoxldes willbe reduced; and then prodesired carbon content. ceeding by heat and pressure in such manner as When the two quantities of powder have been has already been described, with the result that brought together they are intimately and thora shaped article of Hadfleld manganese steel is 5 oughly mixed. The body of mixed powder is produced.
It is permissible to enjoy the invention and to produce a manganese steel, modified by additions up to 20% of one or more of the metals molybdenum, tungsten, chromium, and vanadium; and in such case the appropriate modifying metal, or its carbide, may, in pulverized condition, be included in the initial mixture.
In the ensuing claims I mean to include within the meaning of the terms iron-containing powder and manganese-containing powder powders of substantially pure iron and of substantially pure manganese, as well as powders of iron oxide, of manganese oxide, and of term-manganese; and I mean to include within the meaning of the term manganese powder powders both of substantially pure manganese and of ferro-manganese.
I claim as my invention:
1. The method herein described of producing. a shaped article of Hadfield manganese steel which consists in efiecting intimate mixture of iron-containing and manganese-containing pow- (lets, the manganese constituent being 7-20% of the combined metals, effecting under pressure coherence of particles, subjecting the pressed and coherent body while in reducing atmosphere to a temperature of 1500-2000 F. and in so doing effecting coalescence while the particles continue -in unalloyed state, shaping the cold body, and
subjecting the shaped body while in reducing atmosphere to a temperature of 2250-2650 F. and in so doing effecting alloying of the particles within the article of unchanged shape.
2. The method herein described of producing a shaped article of Hadfield manganese steel which consists in effecting intimate mixture of .within the article of unchanged shape.
3. The method herein described of producing a shaped article of Hadfield manganese steel which consists in eiiecting intimate mixture of iron-containing and manganese-containing powders, the manganese constituent being 7-20% of the combined metals, effecting under pressure coherence of particles, subjecting the pressed and coherent body while in reducing atmosphere to a temperature of 1500-2000 F. and in so doing effecting coalescence while the particles continue in unalloyed state, cooling the body, ma-
chining the cold body, subjecting the machined body while in reducing atmosphere to a temperature of 2250-2650 F. and in so doing effecting alloying of the particles within the article of un changed shape.
ELMER B. WELCH.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US134189A US2152006A (en) | 1937-03-31 | 1937-03-31 | Method of producing articles of hadfield manganese steel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US134189A US2152006A (en) | 1937-03-31 | 1937-03-31 | Method of producing articles of hadfield manganese steel |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2152006A true US2152006A (en) | 1939-03-28 |
Family
ID=22462156
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US134189A Expired - Lifetime US2152006A (en) | 1937-03-31 | 1937-03-31 | Method of producing articles of hadfield manganese steel |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2152006A (en) |
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2686118A (en) * | 1952-12-23 | 1954-08-10 | Ontario Research Foundation | Method of making metal products directly from ores |
US2769709A (en) * | 1953-01-07 | 1956-11-06 | Talmage Charles Robert | Sintered metal article and method of improving its fatigue resistance by shot reening |
US2826805A (en) * | 1954-01-13 | 1958-03-18 | Federal Mogul Corp | Sintered stainless steel metal alloy |
US2839397A (en) * | 1952-12-23 | 1958-06-17 | Ontario Research Foundation | Method of forming subdensity metal bodies |
US2903354A (en) * | 1956-10-16 | 1959-09-08 | Republic Steel Corp | Process for improving parts formed by powder metallurgy by addition of spiegeleisen to metal powders |
US2928733A (en) * | 1957-06-21 | 1960-03-15 | Purolator Products Inc | Sintering of metal elements |
US3084042A (en) * | 1960-02-23 | 1963-04-02 | Du Pont | Metal production |
US3460940A (en) * | 1967-03-09 | 1969-08-12 | Charles Robert Talmage | Method of producing wrought high purity steels by powder metallurgy |
US3769100A (en) * | 1970-09-11 | 1973-10-30 | Akai Electric | Method for manufacturing semi-hard magnetic material |
-
1937
- 1937-03-31 US US134189A patent/US2152006A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2686118A (en) * | 1952-12-23 | 1954-08-10 | Ontario Research Foundation | Method of making metal products directly from ores |
US2839397A (en) * | 1952-12-23 | 1958-06-17 | Ontario Research Foundation | Method of forming subdensity metal bodies |
US2769709A (en) * | 1953-01-07 | 1956-11-06 | Talmage Charles Robert | Sintered metal article and method of improving its fatigue resistance by shot reening |
US2826805A (en) * | 1954-01-13 | 1958-03-18 | Federal Mogul Corp | Sintered stainless steel metal alloy |
US2903354A (en) * | 1956-10-16 | 1959-09-08 | Republic Steel Corp | Process for improving parts formed by powder metallurgy by addition of spiegeleisen to metal powders |
US2928733A (en) * | 1957-06-21 | 1960-03-15 | Purolator Products Inc | Sintering of metal elements |
US3084042A (en) * | 1960-02-23 | 1963-04-02 | Du Pont | Metal production |
US3460940A (en) * | 1967-03-09 | 1969-08-12 | Charles Robert Talmage | Method of producing wrought high purity steels by powder metallurgy |
US3769100A (en) * | 1970-09-11 | 1973-10-30 | Akai Electric | Method for manufacturing semi-hard magnetic material |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US2213523A (en) | Manufacture of metal articles or masses | |
US3410732A (en) | Cobalt-base alloys | |
US2637671A (en) | Powder metallurgy method of making steel cutting tools | |
US5641922A (en) | Hi-density sintered alloy and spheroidization method for pre-alloyed powders | |
US3556780A (en) | Process for producing carbide-containing alloy | |
US3653982A (en) | Temper resistant chromium-containing titanium carbide tool steel | |
US2152006A (en) | Method of producing articles of hadfield manganese steel | |
JPH05117703A (en) | Iron-base powder composition for powder metallurgy, its production and production of iron-base sintering material | |
US2193413A (en) | Process for producing hard metal carbide alloys | |
US2342799A (en) | Process of manufacturing shaped bodies from iron powders | |
US4174967A (en) | Titanium carbide tool steel composition for hot-work application | |
US3183127A (en) | Heat treatable tool steel of high carbide content | |
JP5504963B2 (en) | Mixed powder for powder metallurgy and sintered metal powder with excellent machinability | |
JP2002504188A (en) | Manufacturing method for high density high carbon sintered metal powder steel parts | |
US3658604A (en) | Method of making a high-speed tool steel | |
US3810756A (en) | Method of making valve seat rings from a mixture of c,pb and a pre-alloy of fe-co-ni-mo by powder metallurgy | |
US3809540A (en) | Sintered steel bonded titanium carbide tool steel characterized by an improved combination of transverse rupture strength and resistance to thermal shock | |
US4430295A (en) | Articles produced from iron powder compacts containing hypereutectic copper phosphide powder | |
US4018632A (en) | Machinable powder metal parts | |
US2284638A (en) | Metallurgy of ferrous metals | |
US3419383A (en) | Producing pulverulent iron for powder metallurgy by multistage reduction | |
US2244517A (en) | Alloy | |
JP3634376B2 (en) | Manufacturing method of powder metal sintered product | |
US3715792A (en) | Powder metallurgy sintered corrosion and wear resistant high chromium refractory carbide alloy | |
US2438221A (en) | Method of making a hard facing alloy |