US2151836A - Boat - Google Patents

Description

March 28, 19.39. E. IB\UGATTI 5 r Filed Nov. 22, 193'? v 2 Sheets-Sheet l March 28, 1939. I E, BUGATTI 2,151,836

' BOAT Filed Nov. 22, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Mar. 28, 1939 ATE QIQE Application November 22, 1937, Serial No. 175,909 In France November 26, 1936 9 Claims.

.One .of the reasons for which it is diflicult to make for sea navigation boats which are of a very pointed shape and therefore capable of moving at high speed is that these boats must be capable of resisting the repeated shocks of water waves. Another reason is that, in the case of a very narrow'boat, the end parts sink too easily into water as a consequence of shocks for instance under the efiect of the waves and also of the continuous variations of the water line that occur and result in a material braking of the forward movement.

The object of the present invention is to provide an arrangement which permits of giving a very pointed shape to boats without involving the disadvantages above mentioned.

Other features of the present invention will resultfrom the following detailed description of some specific embodiments thereof.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be hereinafter described, with reference to the accompanying drawings, given merely by way of example, and in which:

'Fig. l diagrammatically shows, in perspective View, the fore part of an improved boat according to the invention;

Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional view of this boat in a plane passing through the normal water line of the boat;

Fig. 3 is a view analogous to Fig. 1 showing the rear part of the boat;

Fig.4 is a view, analogous to Fig. 1, of another embodiment;

Fig. 5 is a view, similar to Figs. 1 and 4, of still another embodiment;

Fig. 6 is a plan view corresponding to Fig. 5;

Fig, '7. is a simplified sectional view on the line VII-VII- of Fig. 6.

According to Figs. 1 and 2, the elastic blades, for instance steel sheets I, are disposed along a general vertical direction along the side 2 of a boat 3. The front edge 4 of a blade is fixed to the hull at least over the immersed front part thereof and the lower edge 5 is likewise fixed to the hull. In the drawings, the fixation has been diagrammatically shown by weld points. The upper part 6 of the sheets or blades is curved frontwardly and toward a horizontal plane in such manner that the whole of the blade leaves the hull substantially tangentially thereto at the bottom and deviates therefrom by twisting upwardly. It will be readily understood that the waves that strike the hull meet with an elastic resistance of blades I, which yield under the effect of the shocks so that they do not transmit to the hull an intensive action. Owing to the curved shape of the blades. water is thrown back laterally. Furthermore, if the front part of the hull tends to sink into water, the upper parts 6 of the blades, which are nearly horizontal, elastically oppose a high resistance to this kind of displacement.

Fig. 1 further shows the arrangement of supporting surfaces 1 which cooperate with the action of the upper parts of blades l or even constitute the chief device intended to prevent any exaggerated sinking of the front part of the boat. Surfaces l are connected to rotary spindles 8 owing to which it is possible more or less to incline these surfaces by means of the diagrammatic control device including levers 9 and a connecting rod i ll. For practical purposes, the same axis or spindle 8 will be connected with a surface 10- cated-on one side of the boat and a corresponding surface located on the opposite side. Of course, it is advantageous to make use of an irreversible control for adjusting the inclination of said surfaces. This control may be located either wholly or partly on the inside or on the outside of the hull. Fig. 3 shows the arrangement of similar surfaces H at the rear of the boat. As shown by Fig. 4, the supporting surfaces may be made of two parts; the front part i2 is fixed to the hull and it is rigid or substantially so, where-. as the rear part l3, connected to part I2, is on the other hand free and elastically flexible in such manner as to be able to deform by taking for instance a cylindrical shape (first surface) or a helical or twisted shape (second surface on Fig. 4).

In the example of Fig. 5, the blades forming steps and the supporting surfaces are grouped into a single elastic or deformable element l4. Substantially at the height of the water line, the distance from the free rear edge l5 of the blades to the hull is limited to a maximum value by a 40,

flexible cable l6 permitting said blade M to be applied by the action of water against the wall of the boat. The position of the free ends ll of the parts constituting the supporting surfaces is controlled by guys I 8 the points of fixation of I which to the hull can be fixed, movable, rigid or elastic. In Fig. 5, I have diagrammatically shown the connection of guys I8 to a common funicular control element 2!, each guy passing through a guide I9 carried by a metallic element 20 so as to be secured to this control 2!. Guides l9 can, if necessary, slide in element 20 acting as a slideway.

Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic plan View relating to a device for simultaneous operation of all blades.

It will be readily understood that the curvature and the inclination of the elastic blades are modified by the sliding of elements H] to which the guys are secured. It is even possible to bring back the points of the blades against the hull. It has,

been supposed in this case that the cables 2| on either side of the hull are both attached to a common control 22 and pass on pulleys 23. This diagrammatic showing is sufiicient to indicate the many different possibilities of construction of the means for operating the blades. Of course, the arrangement, number, and shape of the supporting surfaces and also of the shock absorbing blades shown by the drawings have no limitative character.

Of course, the invention above described applies to all kinds of navigation machines, for instance to the pontoons of flying machines.

In a general manner, while I have, in the above description, disclosedwhat I deem to be practical and efiicient embodiments of the present invention, it should be well understood that I do not wish to be limited thereto as there might be changes made in the arrangement, disposition and form of the parts without departing from the principle of the present invention as comprehended within the scope of the accompanying claims.

What I claim is:

1. In connection with a machine having a hull adapted to float on water, a system of elastic blades carried by the outside of said hull and the lower parts of which are fixed at the front to said hull and deviate therefrom rearwardly, so as to form a series of elastic lateral steps capable of yielding to the action of the shocks of waves, the upper parts of said blades being curved outwardly so as to end nearly horizontally, in such manner as to form supporting surfaces little inclined on the horizontal direction.

2. A system according to claim 1 further including means for limiting the deviation of the outer ends of said blades from said hull.

3. A system according to claim 1 further including guys carried by said hull and fixed to the outer edges of said blades for limiting the deviation thereof from said hull.

4. A system according to claim 1 further including means for limiting the deviation of said blades from said hull, and control means for adjusting the limit of said deviation.

5. In a water craft having a substantially vertical hull portion, the combination with said hull portion, of a resilient, normally warped plate which is secured to the hull portion solely along its forward and lower edges, and gently merges from the hull portion surface to depart from said surface both in fore-aft direction and in keeldeck direction.

6. In a water craft having a substantially vertical hull portion, the combination with said hull portion, of a resilient, normally warped plate which includes, below the normal water line, a substantially vertical forward edge and a substantially horizontal lower edge, and is attached to the hull portion solely along said edges the warped plate being constructed and arranged to outwardly diverge from the hull portion, departing substantially tangentially from the same both at the forward edge and at the lower edge.

7. In a water craft having a hull, the combination with the hull of a resilient blade of concave formation, which has a forward edge and a lower edge both adapted for contact and conformity with the hull, on one side thereof, the blade being attached to the hull along said edges and departing substantially tangentially therefrom so as to turn its concavity toward the water side, the blade having its lower portion below the normal water line and its upper portion above said line; and means located wholly above the water line extending from the hull to the upper portion of the blade, for adjusting the curvature of the blade.

8. In a water craft having a hull, the combination with the hull of a resilient blade which is attached to the hull both along its forward edge extending above and below the normal Water line, and along its lower edge located below said line but solely along said edges, the blade being so warped as to leave the hull substantially tangentially along said edges and to gradually merge into a wing-like substantially horizontal portion, located considerably above the water line.

9. The combination of claim '7, further comprising a plurality of resilient blades likewise constructed and arranged along the said hull side, a

plurality of adjusting means likewise constructed and arranged between the corresponding blades and the hull, and a common control on the hull for simultaneously operating the said adjusting means.

ETTORE BUGA'I'II.

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