US2149685A - Rolling eyeset - Google Patents

Description

March 1939- s'. MARcus 2,149,685

' RQLLING EYESET Filed May 1, 1935' INVENTORV O 5amue| Marcus Z Y 7 9O M ATTORNEYS Patented Mar. 7, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ROLLING EYESET Application May 1, 1935, Serial No. 19,133

22 Claims.

This invention relates. to dolls, and more particularly to moving eye mechanism for dolls, especially rolling eyes.

Great difficulty has been occasioned in connection with rolling eyesets because of variations in the relative location and spacing of eye openings in the doll head to which the eyeset is to be applied. I find that rotative adjustment of one eye relative to the other is necessary because one eye opening may be slightly higher than the other. This adjustment should be a manual or frietiona1 adjustment because thereafter and in normal operation the eyes must oscillate vertically in unison. A sideward adjust- 5 ment of thesspacing between the eyes is also needed, and in order to minimize the manual labor and cost attendant upon inserting the eyeset in the head, and in order to improve the accuracy of the resulting adjustment and the free operation of the eyeset, I find it desirable to provide for a free or automatic self-adjustment of the spacing between the eyes. It is accordingly a primary object of my invention to devise a rolling eyeset arranged for manual rotative ad- .l'ustment of one eye relative to the other, and automatic self-adjustment of the spacing between the eyes. A more particularized object resides in the provision of a neat compact inconspicuous mechanism-for this purpose which will not interfere with the possibility of mounting and supporting the eyeset within the head on any of several popular and relatively standardized supports.

An important defect in prior rolling eyesets has been the conflict between the desire for sensitivity and the resulting difficulty of quivering or wavering of the eyes. The eyeset is actuated by a gravity weight or pendulum mechanism, and this if made frictionless and sensitive causes the gaze of the eyes to be wavering or unsteady, whereas if made with appreciable friction, proves unsatisfactory in operation because of a tendency of the eyes when rolled to one side to there remain even when the head is restored to upright position. It is a further and important object of my invention to overcome this difficulty and to so construct the pendulum or Weight mechanism that it will be smooth and frictionless and therefore dependable inoperation, and yet moderately slow and steady in operation, this slowness being produced solely as a result of the mechanical and gravitational characteristics of the mechanism and while keeping the same as frictionless as possible.

Other objects of my invention reside in the simple and economical provision of top and bottom stops or motion-limiting means; the use of a single relatively small weight for causing both vertical and horizontal oscillation of the eyes; the provision of comparatively strong rigid outer shells protectively housing the eyes without that 5 disfigurement and unnatural spacing between the eyesand the lower edge of the eye opening ordinarily caused by the use of outer shells, this latter difiiculty being remedied by causing the eyes to come into direct contact with the lower edge of the eye opening; and the further provision of securely held and attractively fanned eyelashes mounted on movable eyelids.

To the accomplishment of the foregoing and other objects which will hereinafter appear, my invention consists in the doll and rolling eyeset elements and their relation one to the other as hereinafter are more particularly described in the specification and sought to be defined in the claims. The specification is accompanied by a drawing in which:

Fig. 1 is a section taken in elevation through the front part of a doll head fitted with a rolling eyeset embodying features of my invention, this section being taken in the plane of the line l-l of Fig. 2;

Fig. 2 is a transverse section through the head, taken in the plane of the line 22 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a perspective drawing illustrating the mechanism by which manual and automatic adjustments of the eyes are obtained;

Fig. 4 is a section through an outer shell and lash before the lash is fixed in the shell;

Fig. 5 is a similar section showing the outer shell with the lash fixed therein;

Fig. 6 is an enlarged section through the mech-- 3 anism for adjustment of the eyes, and is taken in the plane of the line 66 of Fig. 5;

Fig. '7 shows a modification of said adjustment mechanism; and 40 Fig. 8 is explanatory of the relation of the eye openings in the doll head and the outer shells.

Referring to the drawing, the particular form of my invention here illustrated comprises eyes E pivoted for free and preferably universal oscillation under the influence of a weight W. The eyes are preferably supported for vertical oscillation within the head by a suitable fitting or mounting here exemplified by an expansible transverse bridge B, and such oscillation is preferably limited by adjustable top and bottom stops S. The eyes are protectively housed within outer shells O which function as lash-bearing eyelids and which provide bearings for sideward or horizontal oscillation of the eyes.

Considering the arrangement in greater detail, each outer shell 0 is an approximately hemispherical pressed sheet metal member having secured to the inner side wall thereof a somewhat elongated cylindrical collar I2. I prefer to preliminarily expand or flange the outer end of the collar outwardly, as shown at M, and to spotweld the shell and flange together by known electrical process. Cylindrical collar l2 carries a square bushing H; which is forced into the collar with a tight frictional fit. This bushing may be rolled up of sheet metal, in which case the tende'ncy to open or expand may be used to help maintain the desired friction. The interior of square bushing I 6 is dimensioned to freely receive a square rod I8 which acts as a stub shaft extending between the two outer shells. With this construction it will be manifest that the outer shells are readily movable toward and away from one another, thereby automatically accommodating themselves tothe spacing between the eye openings in the doll head. The mating of the square shaft and square bushing causes the outer shells to oscillate in unison with the square shaft and one another. At the same time, the location of the square bushingwithin the cylindrical collar l2 facilitates manual ro-tative adjustment of one of the shells relative to the other so that they may be similarly registered with the eye openings in the head.

The eyes E may be of any desired type, the only requirement being that they be arranged to receive a vertical spindle. In the present case the eyes are approximately hemispherical shells having a back plate 20 incised to form oppositely displaced straps 22 between which there is forced with a tight frictional fit the axis portion 24 of eye operating arms or cranks 26. The axes 24 are borne in bearing holes 28 pierced at diametrically opposite points at the top and bottom of the outer shells O.

The eye arms or cranks 26 are moved from side to side by sideward oscillation of weight W transmitted to arms 26 through an appropriate link 30. The weight W is formed at the rear end of a preferably nearly horizontally disposed weight arm 32 the forward end 34 of which is bent downwardly and pivotally carried on a generally upright support 36 itself secured to the square shaft l8, as by spot-welding the same together. Support 36 is a strip of sheet metal the part 38 of which is bent to channel shape in order to strengthen and rigidify the same, andthe upper end 40 of which is extended above shaft l8 to act as a stop limiting the closing movement of the outer shells O. This top stop 48 is left unchanneled and is therefore bendable should it prove necessaryto adjust the limit of movement. The bottom end 42 is projected downwardly and is likewise bendable to form a bottom stop which in the present case cooperates with a stop projection Mi molded on the inner wall of the head.

Just below the channeled portion 38, the strap 36 is reversely bent to form a U-shaped bearing portion 46 the arms of which are perforated to form the bearings receiving the end 34 of the Weight arm. The reversely bent portion 'd is preferably itself somewhat channeled in order to stiffen the same, and the tip 48 of the weight arm is pinched to hold the arm in place.

The link 30 is a light-weight strip of sheet metal the ends and central portion of which are relatively twisted so that the ends 50 lie in an approximately horizontal plane, while the central portion 52 lies in an approximately vertical plane.

The ends 50 are perforated to receive the downwardly bent ends 54 of the eye arms or cranks 26, while the center portion 52 is apertured at 56 to freely receive weight arm 32. Cranks 26 are pinched at the lower tips 58 to hold the cross link in place, and also above the cross link at the bends to form shoulders 60 which limit the upward movement of the cross link.

The strip 30 is not only thin but pliable, so that the central portion 52 may be bent forwardly or. backwardly of the mean or straight position illustrated in the drawing, which, it will be noted, comes about mid-Way of the length of the weight wire 32. This feature makes it readily possible to adjust the extent of sideward oscillation of the eyes, this oscillation being decreased when the midportion 52 of the link is bent forwardly, and being increased when the mid portion 52 of the link is bent rearwardly. The extent of roll may thus be adjusted for best appearance or effect within the head in which the eyeset is actually mounted.

Other adjustments are made possible, and I refer particularly to adjustments of the eye member itself relative to the outer shell. The eyes may be adjusted to look toward or away from one another to correct a cross-eyed or wall-eyed appearance, by turning either eye on the upright spindle or wire 24, this being permitted by the frictional grip between the straps 22 of the back plate of the eye and the wire 24. The eyes may also be turned to look upwardly or downwardly relative to one another by adjusting the same about the small strips 23 which connect the back plate 26 to the eye at the opposite extremities of a horizontal diameter. The back plate is out free of the eye except for the strips 23, and these, being narrow, are readily twisted the slight amount needed for relative adjustment of the eyes. It should be understood that the frictional adjustment of the eye assemblies or outer shells O permitted by the spring grip between square bushing l6 and the round collar I2, is used primarily to fit the eye assemblies to the eye openings particularly with reference to the eyelid and lash, but this adjustment when necessary may move the eyes out of vertical alignment so that they no longer look in the same plane. When this is noticeably the case, the eyes are adjusted relative to one another without changing the outer shells, by a slight movement about or twisting of the connecting points 23 of the back plate, as above described.

It should be noted that the arrangement is made substantially frictionless, first, because the weight arm is itself supported by a small nearly frictionless bearing; secondly, because the load of the weight is taken by the suport 36 and is not applied to the eyes which may themselves oscillate within the outer shells in a nearly frictionless manner; and thirdly, because the cross link 30 is made light in weight and is coupled to the weight arm and eye arms for extremely free operation. This freedom from friction insures dependable operation of the eyeset, yet wavering or quivering of the eyes due to extreme sensitivity is avoided by the angular disposition of the weight arm and its bearing.

The eyes do not tend to stick at one side or the other, and are instead restored to midposition because of a gravitational or pendulum. effect obtained by reason of the slope given the bearing at the forward end of the weight arm. Looking in profile, as in Fig. 1, it will be noted that the end 34 is at a substantial angle with respect to the vertical, and this causes a lifting of the weight when it swings from the center position toward either side. This lifting is adequate to insure return of the weight to central position, but the movement is moderately slow and steady, as though dealing with a long pendulum and in contrast with the quick unstable vibration of a very short pendulum. The actual length of the pendulum arm 32 is short, and if movable about a horizontal axis, its motion would be too quick and sensitive. If movable about a vertical axis is would turn the eyes sharply when the doll is turned toward one side or the other, but the eyes would stick to one side even after restoring the doll to upright position. With the present arrangement the movement is moderately slow, and therefore life-like, yet the operation is dependable. At the same time, the small round weight, the short arm, and the position of the arm relative to the eye arms, all contribute to a convenient compactness which helps avoid interference with other parts of the head.

It is important to note that the characteristics of the weight arm W so far described are applicable solely to its function for causing sideward oscillation of the eyes. In its function as an operating means for causing vertical oscillation of the eyes, the weight arm is to be'considered as though extending directly from the cross rod or square shaft 18 to the weight. This distinction is mentioned because true horizontality of a weight arm directly connected to shaft 18 would prevent closing of the eyes when the doll is reclined in horizontal position. In the present structure the weight arm 32 is nearly horizontal butis connected to the support 36 at a point substantially below cross rod I8; hence weight W is effective to close the eyes when the head is turned back to horizontal position, and, of course, is effective to open the eyes when the head'is in the erect position shown in Fig. 1.

The eye opening in the doll head is approximately elliptical, andthe window or cut-away portion in front of the outer shell 0 may be made, similar for registration, but I find it of advantage to enlarge the Window in the outer shell, as by the provision of upright edges 62 between top edge 64 and bottom edge 55, the upright edges62 being spaced apart a distance at least equal to the horizontal dimension of the eye opening in the doll head. The top edge 64 is made to register with the top of the eye opening when the eye is in open position. The bottom edge 66 is lowered a substantial distance from the bottom of the eye opening in order to make certain that the edge 65 will not be visible, as is best shown in Fig. 8, and more importantly, in order to move the some out of contact with the bottom of the eye opening, thereby permitting the eye shell per se to move into direct contact with the bottom of the eye opening, as is evident from inspection of Fig. 1. To further this object, the material of the doll head is cut away in back of the bottom of the eye opening, thus forming the substantially vertical Wall 68 and causing the bottom of the eye opening to come to a relatively thin edge iii.

In order that the upper edge 66 may not blank off the eye opening sidewardly as well as vertically during the closing of the eye assembly, the edge 64 should lie on a great circle of the spherical surface, which great circle runs through the axis of collar E2 The window is terminated by the upright edges 62, however, instead of extending to collar 12, in order to strength and rigidify the outer shell. It is for this same purpose that the lower edge 66 is not moved downwardly excessively, and instead the molded material of the head is cut away behind the bottom of the eye opening. The described removal of material is ordinarily accomplished by the regular frazing tool at the end of or as a part of the frazing operation. The vertical edges 62 exist partly by reason of the fact that edges 64 and 66 theoretically terminate at axis l2 instead of at the ends of the eye opening, and partly because of the lowering of the bottom edge 66.

The eye opening is preferably shaped with the bottom edge flatter or more nearly straight than the upper edge, this being clearly shown in Fig. 8, and at the same time the eyeset is preferably so mounted in the head that the upright axes 2i slope rearwardly when viewed in profile, as is best shown in Fig. 1. This slope of axis 24 causes the pupil of the eye to move on an arcuate path which is higher at the center than at the ends, and this feature particularly when combined with the specified shape of eye opening causes the doll to have a flirtatious appearance in addition to the vivacity ordinarily obtainable by the use of rolling eyes. The pupil or lens of the eye is preferably made fully circular instead of being flattened at the top above the eyelid or lash, so that there will be no exposure of such flattened top even when the eye is moved to either extreme end position on a descending or arcuate path, as previously de scribed.

It should be understood that there are variations in the shape of the head which may vary the angle of the axes 24 and at the same time may vary the position of weight arm 32 away from horizontal. However, even in the Worst case, with the eye axes 24 in vertical position, the Weight axis 34 is still disposed at an angle, thereby causing normal centering of the weight.

The eyelash comprises a series of strands of hair '12 cemented in a foundation made of plies of paper it cemented on opposite sides of the hair strands. To cause subsequent spreading or fanning apart of the strands, the lash is preferably preliminarily curled, as shown in Fig. 4, and the outer shell 0 is slit at E6 and indented in order to facilitate reception of the lash. The slit it is spaced upwardly from the edge 64 of ie eyelid a distance at least equal to the movement needed to close the eye opening, so that slit i6 is not exposed when the eye is closed. Thefoundation it of the lash is slipped within the shell and through slit l6, whereupon the slit is closed against the foundation, as is shown in Fig. 5, thereby compressing and locking the foundation in place. This is superior to attempted fixation of the hair strands alone, because the body of the foundation is ample for producing a good grip on the lash.

One advantage of the present eyeset is its adaptability for support within the head by most standard forms of mounting. In the present case I have illustrated the use of an expansiole bridge B which comprises a central channeled member 86 within which are frictionally reciprocable end or tang plates 82 which are forced outwardly to embed end prongs or tangs 84 into the side walls of the head. The center or channeled portion 8% has a pair of forwardly extending bifurcated arms 86 which receive the cross rod of the eyeset. Specifically, in the present case they receive the cylindrical outer sur face of the collars I2. An appropriate leaf spring or other resilient means 88 is provided to yieldably urge the eyeset forwardly into intimate engagement with the eye opening.

It is believed that the construction, operation, and many advantages of my improved rolling eyeset will be apparent from the foregoing detailed description thereof. It will also be apparent that while I have shown and described my invention in preferred form, many changes and modifications may be made in the structure disclosed without departing from the spirit of the invention as defined in the claims.

In the claims, for the sake of brevity, I refer to the bushing [6 as a square bushing, but it will be understood that other sections may be used, and that the outer surface may be cylindrical even though the inner surface is made square. In practice neither of these conditions is exactly realized when, as I prefer, the bushing is made by rolling up a strip of sheet metal, and the arrangement assumes a condition somewhat as shown in Fig. '7, in which the exterior is nearly but not quite cylindrical, while the interior approximates a square by reason of a series of parallel grooves or indentations 90 made in the strip priorto the bending operation. In Fig. 6 I show the shell wall perforated at 92 for access to the end of the square shaft l8 which may be upset somewhat at 94 to prevent complete removal of the eye assemblies from the cross rod. This refinement is, however, unnecessary, and I have made large quantities of successful eyesets in which the outer shell is not provided with the perforation 92, and the ends of the square rod 18 are left in un-riveted condition.

I claim:

1. A rolling eye set comprising a pair of eyes, pivot means for affording horizontal and vertical oscillation of the eyes, appropriate weight and link means for causing horizontal and vertical oscillation of the eyes, and means including three coaxial parts interconnecting the eyes, a pair of said parts mating to afford free axial movement of one part relative to the other while preventing rotational movement of one part relative to the other, and one of said pair of parts and the third part mating to afiord'frictional rotational movement of one relative to the other, the three parts together affording manual rotative adjustment of one eye relative to the other and free automatic self-adjustment of the spacing between the eyes.

2. An eye set comprising a pair of eyes, a pair of outer shells protectively housing said eyes, pivot means for affording oscillation of the eyes, appropriate weight and link means for causing oscillation of the eyes, and means including three coaxial parts interconnecting the outer shells, a pair of said parts mating to afford free axial movement of one part relative to the other while preventing rotational movement of one part relative to the other, and one of said pair of parts and the third part mating to afford frictional rotational movement of one relative to the other, the three parts together affording manual rotative adjustment of one outer shell relative to the other and free automatic selfadjustment of the spacing therebetween.

3. A rolling eye set comprising a pair of eyes, generally upright pivot means for affording horizontal oscillation of the eyes, appropriate weight and link means for causing horizontal oscillation of the eyes and vertical oscillation of the pivot means with the eyes, and means so interconnecting the pivot means as to afford manual rotative adjustment of one pivot means relative to the other and free automatic self-adjustment of the spacing therebetween.

4. A rolling eye set comprising a pair of eye shells, a pair of outer shells protectively housing said eye shells, generally upright pivot means for affording horizontal oscillation of the eye shells in the outer shells, appropriate weight and link means for causing horizontal oscillation of the eye shells within the outer shells and vertical oscillation of the outer shells with the eye shells, and means so interconnecting the outer shells as to afford manual rotative adjustment of one outer shell relative to the other and free automatic self-adjustment of the spacing between the outer shells.

5. A rolling eye set comprising a pair of eyes, generally upright pivot means for affording horizontal oscillation of the eyes, appropriate weight and link means for causing horizontal oscillation of the eyes and vertical oscillation of the pivot means and the eyes, and means so interconnecting the pivot means as to afford manual rotative adjustment of one relative to the other and free automatic self-adjustment of the spacing therebetween, said means comprising round collars projecting sidewardly, square bushings frictionally rotatably adjustable in said collars, and a square shaft extending between and freely fitting said square bushings.

6. An eye set comprising a pair of eyes, pivot means for alfording oscillation of the eyes, appropriate weight means for causing oscillation of the eyes, and means so interconnecting the eyes as to afford manual rotative adjustment of one eye relative to the other and free automatic self-adjustment of the spacing between the eyes, said means comprising round collars projecting sidewardly from the inner sides of the eyes, square bushings frictionally rotatably adjustable in said collars, and a square shaft extending between and freely fitting said square bushings.

7. A rolling eye set comprising a pair of eye shells, a pair of outer shells protectively housing said eye shells, generally upright pivot means for affording horizontal oscillation of the eye shells in the outer shells, appropriate weight and link means for causing horizontal oscillation of the eye shells within the outer shells and vertical oscillation of the outer shells with the eye shells, and means so interconnecting the outer shells as to aflord free automatic self-adjustment of the spacing between the outer shells, said means comprising square bushings projecting sidewardly from the inner sides of the outer shells, and a square shaft extending between and freely fitting said square bushings.

8. A rolling eye set comprising a pair of eye shells, a pair of outer shells protectively housing said eye shells, generally upright pivot means for affording horizontal oscillation of the eye shells in the outer shells, appropriate weight and link means for causing horizontal oscillation of the eye shells within the outer shells and vertical oscillation of the outer shells with the eye shells, and means so interconnecting the outer shells as to afford manual rotative adjustment of one outer shell relative to the other and free automatic self-adjustment of the spacing between the outer shells, said means comprising round collars projecting sidewardly from the inner sides of the outer shells, square bushings frictionally rotatably adjustable in said collars,

and a square shaft extending between and freely fitting in said square bushings.

9. A rolling eyeset comprising eyes, generally upright bearing means afiording horizontal oscillation. of the eyes, eye arms connected to the at an angle relative to the vertical and at an angle relative to the bearing means of the eyes when viewed in profile, such that said weight dependably, centers itself and the eyes. 7

10. A rolling eye set comprising eye shells, outer shells protectively housing said eye shells, eye arms connected to the eyes, support means connecting the outer shells and having a rearwardly extending weight arm pivotally mounted thereon, a link connecting the eye arms and weight arm to cause simultaneously sideward oscillation of the eyes, said weight arm being so disposed as to also cause vertical oscillation of the support and outer shells, the bearing of the weight arm on the support being disposed at a substantial angle away from vertical when viewed in profile, whereby said weight centers itself and the eyes in a. relatively stable manner.

11. A rolling eye set comprising eye shells, outer shells protectively housing said eye shells, crank arms having generally upright axis portions passing through the outer shells and carrying the eye shells, support means connecting the outer shells and having a rearwardly extending weight arm pivotally mounted thereon, a link connecting the cranks and weight arm to cause simultaneous sideward oscillation of the eye shells, said weight arm being so disposed as to also cause vertical oscillation of the support and outer shells, the bearing of the weight arm on the support beingdisposed at a substantial angle away from vertical when viewed in profile with the head erect, whereby said weight tends to center itself and the eyes in a relatively stable manner.

12. A rolling eye set comprising eye shells, outer shells protectively housing said eye shells, crank arms having generally upright axis portions passing through the outer shells and carrying the eye shells, support means interconnecting the outer shells and having a rearwardly extending weight arm pivotally mounted thereon, a light-weight link freely connecting the cranks and weight arm to cause simultaneous sideward oscillation of the eye shells, said weight arm being so disposed as to also cause vertical oscillation of the support and outer shells, the bearing of the weight arm on the support being made relatively small and frictionless and being disposed at an angle relative to the crank axes when viewed in profile.

13. A rolling eye set comprising eyes, eye arms connected to the eyes, sup-port means for the eyes having a rearwardly extending weight arm pivotally mounted thereon, said support means including an upright metal strap projecting above the eye members to act as a top stop and below the eye members to act as a bottom stop, a portion intermediate the eye members and the bottom stop being reversely bent to U-shape and perforated to pivotally receive the forward end of the weight arm, and a link connecting the eye arms and weight arm to cause simultaneoussideward oscillation of the eye shells, the top stop projecting well above the eye members, and the bottom stop forming a continuation of and projecting well below the reversely bent part of the strap. 1 I t 14. A rolling eye set comprising eyes, eye arms connected to the eyes and having pintle parts at the rear ends thereof, a rearwardly extending weightarm, a link connecting the eye arms and weight arm to cause simultaneous sideward oscillation of the eye shells, said link comprising a strip of light-weight pliable sheet metal twisted to lie in a horizontal plane at its ends and in avertical plane at the center, the ends being apertured to receive the aforesaid pintle parts of the eye arms and the center being apertured to receive the weight arm, the link being bendable to shift its center along the weight arm.

15. A rolling eye set comprising eye shells,

outer shells protectively housing said eye shells,

crank arms having generally upright axis portions passing through the outer shells and carrying the eye shells, support means connecting the outer shells and having a rearwardly extending weight arm pivotally mounted thereon, a link connecting the crank armsand weight arm. to cause simultaneous sideward oscillation of the eye shells, said link comprising a strip of light-weight sheet metal apertured to receive the aforesaid crank arms and the weight arm, the middle part of said strip being disposed in a generally upright plane and the end parts of said strip being twisted to lie in a generally horizontal plane, said weight arm being so disposed as to also cause vertical oscillation of the support and outer shells, the bearing of the weight arm on the support being disposed at a substantial anglev away from vertical when viewed inprofile, whereby said Weight tends to center itself and the eyes in a relatively stable manner.

16. A rolling eye set comprising eye shells, outer shells protectively housing said eye shells, crank arms having generally upright axis portions passing through the outer shells and carrying the eye shells, support means connecting the outer shells and having a rearwardly extending weight arm pivotally mounted thereon, said support including an upright metal strap projecting above the eye members to act as a top stop and below the eye members to act as a bottom stop, a portion intermediate the eye members and the bottom stop being reversely bent to U-shape and perforated to pivotally receive the forward end of the weight arm, a link connecting the crank arms and weight arm to cause simultaneous sideward oscillation of the eye shells, said weight arm being so disposed as to also cause vertical oscillation of the support and outer shells, the bearing of the weight arm on the support being made relatively small and frictionless and disposed at an angle away from vertical when viewed in profile, whereby said outer shell and with it the eye shell being oscillatably mounted for movement about a horizontal axis, the front wall of said outer shell being cut away to clear said eye opening, the lower edge of said cut away portion being lowered a substantial distance below the lower edge of the eye opening, the frazed bottom wall of the eye opening being cut away downwardly to clear the rearwardly disposed lower edge of the cut away portion of the outer shell, thereby causing the eye shell to come directly into contact with the lower edge of the eye opening.

18. A rolling eye set comprising a pair of eye shells, outer shells protectively surrounding said eye shells, cranks having axes borne generally uprightly in said outer shells and carrying said eye shells, cylindrical collars projecting sidewardly from the inner sides of the outer shells, square bushings in said collars, a square shaft extending loosely between said bushings, an upright support strap secured to said shaft and having its upper end arranged to act as a top stop and its lower end arranged to act as a bottom stop, an intermediate portion of said strap being reversably bent to U-shape and perforated, the weight and weight arm extending generally horizontally and having its forward end bent downwardly and received in said bearings, said bearings being disposed at an angle away from vertical in order to cause stable centering of the weight arm, and link means interconnecting the cranks and the weight arm.

19. An eye set comprising a pair of eyes, pivot means for affording oscillation of the eyes, appropriate weight means for causing oscillation of the eyes, and means so interconnecting the eyes as to afford manual rotative adjustment of one eye relative to the other and free automatic selfadjustment of the spacing between the eyes, said means comprising non-circularly sectioned parts coaxial with the pivot means of the eyes and relatively reciprocable longitudinally of the axis of said pivot means, and round parts concentric with the axis of the pivot means and frictionally rotatable'relative to one of the non-circularly sectioned parts.

20. An eye set comprising a pair of eyes, pivot means for affording oscillation of the eyes, a

shaft directed to extend between said eyes on the pivot axis, weight means secured to said shaft for causing oscillation of the eyes, sockets on said eyes coaxial with the shaft, and bushings between said shaft and said sockets also coaxial with the shaft, whereby the shaft, bushing, and socket at each eye form three connecting means arranged in series, two of said means being non-circularly sectioned and relatively reciprocable longitudinally of the pivot axis, and the third of said means being round and frictionally rotatable relative to one of the other two means.

21. An eye set comprising a pair of eyes, pivot means for affording oscillation of the eyes, ap-

propriate weight means for causing oscillation of the eyes, and means so interconnecting the eyes as to afford manual rotative adjustment of one eye relative to the other and free automatic selfadjustment of the spacing between the eyes, said means comprising round collars projecting toward one another sidewardly of the eyes, square bushings frictionally rotatably adjustable in said collars, and a square shaft extending between and freelyfitting said square bushings, the ends of said square shaft being upset to prevent accidental removal of the eye and square bushing from the shaft.

22. A rolling eye set comprising a pair of eyes, generally upright pivot means for affording horizontal oscillation of the eyes, appropriate weight and link means for causing horizontal oscillation of the eyes and vertical oscillation of the pivot means and the eyes, and means so interconnecting the pivot means as to afford manual rotative adjustment of one relative to the other and free automatic self-adjustment of the spacing therebetween, said means comprising round collars projecting sidewardly, square bushings frictionally rotatably adjustable in said collars, and a square shaft extending between and freely fitting said square bushings, the ends of said shaft being upset to prevent accidental removal of the eyes and square bushings from the shaft.

SAMUEL MARCUS.

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